Science 5 : Soil Erosion

QUARTER 4 WEEK 2

Review:
Enumerate the different agent of Mechanical and Chemical
Weathering
a) What do you mean by weathering?
b) Does weathering causes Soil Erosion?

 When rocks are broken down into different pieces, it does

not stay in one place. Some rock fragments become part of
the soil. Others are transferred from one place to another.
 The movement of rock fragments and soil from one place
to another is called erosion.
 Materials that are transported due to erosion are called
sediments.

Observe the picture below.

1) What was happened

 2) Is there a transfer of soil from one place to another?
3) Does landslide usually happen in your place?
4) What happen when landslide occur?
 Erosion is the process that wears away surface materials and
moves them from one location to another.

FACTORS AFFECTING SOIL EROSION

Just like in weathering, there are different factors affecting soil
erosion. It includes water, wind, animals, and humans.

EROSION BY WATER
 As water flows, it transports rocks and soil particles from
one place to another. The speed of flowing water affects
the rate of erosion. The faster the water flows, the farther
the erosion would be. Faster movement of water can cause
many sediments to be carried away by the water.
 As water aids erosion, its color changes depending on the
color of the rock and the soil particles it carries. For
example, water that flows from a mountain can be brown
because of the soil particles from the mountain that it
carries. Mud left on the ground after flooding is also
evidence of erosion.

EROSION BY WIND
 As the wind blows, it carries light particles of rocks and
soil, transporting and depositing them in another place.
Strong winds carry the particles of soil to a distant place.
 Wind erosion can take place in an area where the soil is
Not compacted. When the wind blows, the particles of
sand move along with it. Light particles of soil can easily be
blown away by the wind.
 Erosion by wind contributes a lot to shaping the Earth's
surface. An example of this is the formation of dunes.
 These are ridges of sand formed by the wind and are
usually found in desert or shorelines. Dunes are formed
when the wind blows sand into a secluded area. As sand
accumulates, the dunes grow and vary in shape. An
example of dunes can be found in Ilocos Norte.
 EROSION BY ANIMALS

 Animals also contribute to the transportation of

sediments. When burrowing animals dig the ground, some
rock and soil particles to their bodies. As they move from
place to place. They carry such particles, too.
 EROSION BY HUMANS

 Although erosion is a natural phenomenon, humans have a

major contribution to the rate of soil erosion in the
environment. Whenever we walk, the soil clings to our
shoes, so the soil gets transported from place to place.
 Other human activities like gardening can also erosion
since soil moves as we dig the ground.
  When quarrying, the impact created by blasting rocks and
soil particles triggers soil erosion. Huge volumes of soil and
sand also get transported when they are used in the
construction of houses and other infrastructure.

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct, write

False if not.

______________1. Erosion is the process that wears away

surface materials and moves them from one location to another.
______________2. Gardening does not cause soil erosion.
______________3. The faster the running water is, the farther
the erosion would be.
______________4. Light particles of the soil can easily be
carried away by the wind.
______________5. Human is NOT one of the factors affecting
soil erosion.

 Quarrying is the process of removing rock, sand, gravel, or

other minerals from the ground to use them to produce
materials for construction or other uses.
 So, a quarry is any such working on the surface of the
earth where minerals are extracted.
  What do you think is the effect of this human activity on
living things and the environment?

REMEMBER:
 Erosion is the process that wears away surface
materials and moves them from one location to
another.
 There are different factors affecting soil erosion. It
includes water, wind, animals, and humans.
 As water flows, it transports rocks and soil particles
from one place to another.
 As the wind blows, it carries light particles of rocks
and soil, transporting and depositing them in
another place.
 Erosion by wind contributes a lot to shaping the
Earth's surface.
 Burrowing, digging, and movement of animals
transfer soil particles from one place to another
 Humans have a major contribution to the rate of soil
erosion in the environment.
 Other human activities like gardening can also cause
erosion since soil moves as we dig the ground.
 Quarrying has an impact created by blasting rocks
and soil particles and triggers soil erosion.
 Science 5 : Soil Erosion
[Holiday]
QUARTER 4 WEEK 2

Directions: Read each item and draw a happy face if it a

factor affecting soil erosion and a sad face if not.

____________1. Wind
____________2. Thunder
____________3. Water
____________4. Animals
____________5. Humans

Complete the diagram by filling out the missing word in

the circle.
Observe the picture below.

Let us know first the meaning of these some words that you will
encounter in this lesson:
 Slope - is an inclined surface of land; the rise or fall of the
land surface.
 Steep -rising or falling sharply.

Look at these two pictures of different landforms, which of

these is prone to soil erosion? Why?
 Land Slope Affects Erosion
 A slope is an inclined surface of the land. The slope of land
affects the rate of erosion.
 Roots of trees and other plants absorb water as it rains,
but some unabsorbed water still flows downward, washing
away soil.
 If the surface is greatly slanted, the water that flows has
greater force and thus carries soil. This results in greater
and faster erosion.
 Steep slopes have a greater impact on soil composition
than surfaces with a slight slant.
 The minerals and organic content present in the soil moves
down toward the slope, due to heavy rainfall. Soil erosion
is experienced higher in slopes with less vegetation.
 In general, the steeper and longer a slope is, the faster
water runs off of it, and the greater potential there is for
erosion. But many other factors come into play in
determining what becomes of a slope over time when
exposed to stormwater runoff.
 In some landscapes, extremely steep slopes can be
observed with dense vegetation and little or no erosion,
while other locations with more moderate slopes develop
into barren gullies. This is because many other factors
come into play -- soil type and the past use and
management of the slope have a major role to play, as well
as the condition of the land above the slope

Strength and Volume of Running Water

 Soil erosion has been considered the primary cause of soil

degradation because soil erosion leads to the loss of
topsoil and soil organic matter, which are essential for the
growing of plants.
 A current, in a river or stream, is the flow of water
influenced by gravity as the water moves downhill to
reduce its potential energy. Water current is the rate of
movement in the water, and ways to describe water
current include its speed and direction.
 There are different types of water currents that behave in
different ways because they are affected by separate
variables. Strength and volume of running water play a
huge role in soil erosion. A gentle slope may be less prone
to erosion, but the slope’s length can prove to be a
detrimental factor.

Directions: Look at the given pictures. Put a checkmark

/ if it shows land slope that affects soil erosion and
mark X if not.
 Many people are living in inclined or steep mountains,
especially in the province. If you happen to live in that
kind of place, how can you and your family help in
preventing soil erosion?
