INTRODUCTION

TO LITERARY
CRITICISM
prepared
prepared by:
by: kerby
kerby m.
m. cortejo
cortejo
 QUESTION OF THE DAY!

HAVE YOU EVER

BEEN CRITICIZED
BY SOMEONE?
HOW DID YOU
FEEL?
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!
ANALYZE THE
SYLLABLES
PRESENTED,
THEN COMBINE
THE SOUNDS TO
FORM THE
CORRECT WORD!
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

FORE MAIL
LEAST
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

FORMALIST
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

HE IS CORE
RIE EGAL
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

HISTORICAL
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

MOOR AEY
LIEST
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

MORALIST
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

LATE CEA
RAUR REAH
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

LITERARY
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

CRATE TEA
SI CEASM
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

CRITICISM
GUESS THE GIBBERISH!

CRITICISM
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
A. DEFINE LITERARY CRITICISM
B. DETERMINE THE DIFFERENT
APPROACHES IN LITERARY
CRITICISM
C. ANALYZE A LITERARY TEXT
THROUGH FORMALIST,
HISTORICAL, AND MORALIST
APPROACH
 LITERARY CRITICISM
a process of
analyzing,
evaluating,
describing, or
interpreting
literature
LITERARY CRITICISM HELPS US IN THREE WAYS:
IT HELPS US UNDERSTAND
WHAT IS ESSENTIAL ABOUT THE
TEXT
IT ALLOWS US TO SEE THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
THE AUTHORS, READERS,
AND TEXTS
IT ENHANCES THE
ENJOYMENT OF OUR
READING OF LITERARY WORK
 Struc tu ralist
ist/ Ap
al pro
m
r holds that the true a
meaning of a text can
Fo

ch
be determined only by
analyzing the literary
elements of the text
and by understanding
how these elements
work together to form
up a cohesive whole
 Structuralist
ist/ Ap
al pro
m
r the form of the a

Fo

ch
work is primarily
being studied to
understand the
selection better
centered on
literary elements
EXAMPLE OF FORMALIST/STRUCTURALIST APPROACH
EXAMPLE OF FORMALIST APPROACH
 R ICA L A P PR
TO OA
IS CH
H involves the
understanding of the
historical and cultural
conditions that
influence the
production of the
literary work.
HISTORICAL APPROACH
analyzes the reading selection by
identifying some factual events and
evidences
argues that every literary piece is a
creation of its time and its world
it highlights the importance of
events, ideas, and attitudes of the
time, referring to the literary
material that’s written
EXAMPLE (HISTORICAL APPROACH)
 L IS T A P P R O
R A A C
O H
Mto study literature from the
moral or intellectual
perspective is therefore to
determine whether a work
conveys a lesson or
message or whether it can
help readers lead better
lives and improve their
understanding of the world
 L IST A PPR O
RA AC
O H
M
it gives more value to
study the literary
piece’s ethical
concerns
centered on valuing
ethical ideals or
principles.
 EXAMPLE (MORALIST APPROACH)
"Dead stars" by Paz Marquez Benitez is a story about CHEATING.
It emphasizes how men fall into temptation and abandon years
of commitment to their significant others for pleasure and lust
for another woman that they have just met. It is sad, really. So
many relationships, marriages, and years are wasted and broken
because of this. Some men just cannot get enough. They find
another woman or mistress, meaning, another world, another
adventure and a new kind of experience. The legal woman has to
find ways and be a fool just to make his man stay. Is it not
frustrating and sad? This has been a problem for centuries, and
this 20th century story proves that cheating is rampant in any
era, place, and culture.
 PERFORMANCE TASK
THE CLASS WILL BE DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS. EACH GROUP WILL BE
GIVEN A CORRESPONDING APPROACH TO BE USED TO CRITICIZE A LITERARY
PIECE. each group shall choose two representatives to discuss
their work in front of the class.

GROUP 1: FORMALIST/STRUCTURALIST APPROACH (DESIDERATA BY MAX EHRMAN)

GROUP 2: HISTORICAL APPROACH (NOLI ME TANGERE)
GROUP 3: MORALIST APPROACH: (CHARLIE AND THE CHOCOLATE FACTORY)