FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 9 LEARNERS IN

DINGRAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Presented To

MRS. VICTORIA QUEVEDO, English Teacher

MS. JEWEL SERVILLA, Practice Teacher

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject

ENGLISH 10

Submitted by:

ALBANO, JOSEPHINE CYRID

BALDERAMA, ALLYSA AIRA

BALINBIN, RICHELLE

BALLESTEROS, JOEZABELLE

CORPUZ, RJ PRINCE

DULATRE, NOEMI ANDREA

LAWAL, ABDULWAHAB JR.

2023
ABSTRACT
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Education is important for it is the key to success. The essence of learning is to shape
a person to become a better one and to equip them with knowledgeable information. It also
gives honor, respect and dignity to people who have attained good education. People who
have learned to read, write, count and communicate are more effective in dealing real life
situations. Above all, education has the power to make the world a better place. Success of a
person depends on how good he has done in his learning stages in school. Students should
focus and study hard to get a deep understanding and a good grade in academic performances
in order for them to achieve goals in their career path.

Academic performance is the benchmark by which students, teachers, the whole

school as well as the curriculum in education competence is measured. Almost every child
get some type of formal education to study everything from how life works to science and
mathematical- based matters, from language of different places to their relations on their
cultures, and from everything that can be learned by everyone.

Furthermore, grades define the contours of our educational system. Our society is
even structurally dependent on grading performance. Just look at how the best jobs go to the
students with the best grades at the best universities, who in turn accept students with the best
grades at the best high schools. At first glance, the large-scale implementation of grades
seems like a textbook example of efficiency improvement. Grades function as a simple and
immediate feedback mechanism. They allow differences between students to be quantified
and permit teachers to process more students in a shorter period of time.

One of the most significant parts of human resource development is education.

Academic performance is the measurement of student achievement across various academic
subjects. Teachers and education officials typically measure achievement using classroom
performance, graduation rates, and results from standardized tests. Students' academic
performance is affected by several factors: students’ learning skills, parental background,
peer influence, teachers' quality, and learning infrastructure. State and federal education
officials collect graduation rates as a baseline measurement of secondary education
performance. Each state conducts annual tests at the elementary, middle, and high school
levels to determine student proficiency in subjects (Shakeel and Peterson, 2020). Delelis,
(2019) greatly emphasized the importance of having qualified teachers in the field of teaching
and said that the success of any program is conditioned by the ability of the teacher to teach.
If there is a failure at this point, the whole structure fails. Hence, the implementation,
selection, preparation, and supervision of education will be affected. The economic crisis
experienced in Nigeria impacted the education system and played a significant role in
declining the quality of education offered in the country (Olabiyi and Abayomi, 2010).
Despite the promising goals set by the Philippine government, several issues have spurred the
reform’s implementation. For instance, they found misalignments between established
learning pedagogies with the expected outcomes of the curriculum guidelines of the
Philippines (Rivera, 2017; Barrot, 2018). However, with the collective movement of other
countries towards globalization, the Philippines has undertaken major educational reforms
that transition and shift its 10-year primary education into the K-12 curriculum (Di Natale,
2020).

Also, according to the report of World Bank, around 80 percent of Filipino students
fall below the minimum level of proficiency for their grade levels. The Philippines was rated
last in reading, and second to last in science and mathematics, among 79 countries that
participated in the Program for International Student Assessment. The Philippines was also in
the bottom half of the 6 countries in reading, mathematics and writing literacy in the
Southeast Asia Primary Learning Metrics in 2019. With all the reports made by both public
and private agencies concerned it is a challenge to the Department of Education the alarming
situation of academic performance of Filipino students.

Therefore, a need exists to identify the different factors that affecting the academic
performance of students. Hence, this study.
Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the academic performance of the
Grade 9 learners in Dingras National High School.

Specifically, it attempted to answer the following questions:

1. What are the factors affecting their academic performance?

2. Why are they experiencing these factors?

3. How are the students solving or minimizing the factors they are experiencing?

Significance of the Study

In various ways every study has its own importance and implication. Pursuing this
study will serve and give the readers a number of purposes.

The researchers believe that this study will benefit the following:

Students. This study would be helpful to the students as it will become a medium for
their awareness about the factors affecting their academic performance. And the results and
suggestions will help them solve the causes of their school performance.

Teachers/ Schools. The information gathered would make the teachers or schools
device an activity or way to help students in attaining and strengthening their view on having
a good academic performance.

Parents. The research makes the parents aware or updated about the factors affecting
the academic performance thus, helping their children to avoid or at least minimize the
possible factors.
 Further researchers. The findings of this study would be very helpful for the future
researcher as a reference in their studies. Also, it is helpful for in depth analysis of the
subject.

Scope and Delimitation

This study was only focused on identifying the factors dealing with Grade 9 leaners in
DNHS that affect their academic performance. The respondents of this research are fifty (50)
conveniently selected students from (5) chosen sections, Narra, Molave, Eucalyptus,
Mahogany and Acacia.

Definition of Terms

Academic Performance – the measure of student achievement in educational or academic

subjects.

Poor Academic Performance - low academic achievement of students

 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

I. ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

A nation's social and economic development is directly linked with universities

and students' academic performance (Singh, 2016). Students' achievements and
exemplary academic performances lead to producing the best quality graduates who can
become future leaders and provide an efficient workforce for the country (Ali, 2009).

Students' academic performance can be termed a critical educational feature

(Oppong-Sekyere, 2013; Rono, 2013) around which the whole education system
revolves Narad & Abdullah (2016) reported that the student's academic performance
determines the level of success or failure experienced by an academic institution and is a
significant priority for instructors and institutions alike (Farooq, 2011; Jayanthi,
2014; Wu, 2014; Fajar, 2019).

Researchers have indicated that students with good academic records and
achievements usually have better employment opportunities, higher income, more
professional development and advancement opportunities, and better employment
benefits (Tentama & Abdillah, 2019).

Although , researchers also indicates that a high number of higher education

institutes still report having an increased number of students that do not graduate on time
or drop out, suggesting that they have low academic performance (Bocsi, 2019; Katalin,
2019; Veronika, 2019).
 As a result, academic performance has always been affected by student's
self-respect, creativity, and conviction with academic progress. Poor performance
influence students future uncertainty about overall outcomes of the university and can
decrease the likelihood of students desiring for higher outcomes such as higher grade
(Egunsola, 2014).

The Department of Education reports that the overall performance of

representative participants in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA,
2018) significantly fell behind from its neighboring ASEAN countries in terms of
reading, mathematical, and scientific literacy. In fact, in all three categories, the
Philippines ranked last among the participating countries, such as Singapore, Malaysia,
Brunei, Thailand, and Indonesia.

II. FACTORS AFFECTING ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

According to (Wintre, 2011; Saele, 2017), a student's academic performance is

definitely a subject in the spotlight for educators. Researchers have recognized
family, home, demographic, school, and environment as factors that contribute to a
student's academic performance.

According to( Umar, 2010), numerous studies have attempted to define the
factors affecting students' universal achievement or performance. These studies are
reviewed to support the hypothesis that any students' achievement and performance
in the University depend on different types of factors, such as personal, teacher, and
institution factors.

The grooming and mentoring of children begin from the family. The children
identify themselves with social class, religion, society, and culture by the acts they learn
at home (Ajila and Otutola, 2000). Which means, all of acts that being shown of a student
are carried out within their home that form an integral part of education. The environment
of the home has major impacts on the child/student, especially during the teenage .
 Raychauduri, (2010) examined that various studies have been concluded to
recognize those variables which are influencing academic performance of the students.
The academic performance of the students also rely on a various socioeconomic variables
like students’ participation in the class, family pay, and teacher-student ratio, presence of
qualified teachers in school and gender of the student.

III. WAYS TO AVOID OR MINIMIZE THE FACTOR’S EXPERIENCING BY

STUDENTS

Kochhar, (2000) stated that proper guidance is necessary to help the students with
problems like lack of correlation between talent and achievement, faulty study practice,
imperfect methods of learning. Researches have demonstrated that the performance of the
students depended upon several factors like, learning facilities, age and gender
differences, guidance from teachers and parents, and learning material availability.

The students of Sohar University are greatly influenced by personal factors

which have a significant impact on student academic performance. Students perceive
that institution related factors have a significant effect on their performance because
they preferred a quiet and appropriate university environment. Students believe that
teachers who have teaching skills and using a variety of teaching techniques have a more
positive effect on their performance. (Alani, F. & HAwas, A. 2021),

The performance of the management students can be improved by providing them

appropriate learning facilities and management take steps to organize the class. Also,
students can do well if they are correctly guided by the teacher and by the parents. (S.P
Singh, S. Malik, P. Singh 2016)
 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

Research Method

A qualitative research design is used in the study. It aimed to determine and

understand the factors that affects the academic experience of Grade 9 learners in Dingras
National High School (DNHS).

Population and Sampling

The subjects of this study includes the Grade 9 learners of DNHS. The researchers
are conveniently selected a sample of 50 respondents from the (5) chosen sections, Narra,
Molave, Eucalyptus, Mahogany and Acacia. Equal allocation of the samples in which ten
(10) respondents every section is selected.

Research Design

Qualitative study is the most pertinent design that can be used in educational research
as it addresses the “how” and “why” research questions and enables deeper understanding of
experiences, phenomena, and context of this study.

Research Instrument

Relevant data for the research study was collected through questionnaire. The
questionnaire is contained checklist form and open ended questions to collect the views,
perceptions as well as the experiences of the respondents.
Locale of the Study

The researchers localized their study at Dingras National High School wherein 50
respondents from the (5) chosen sections of Grade 9 were involved.

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter focuses on the analysis and interpretation of the data gathered
from Grade 9 learners of Dingras National High School. This chapter focuses on the
factors that are affecting the academic performances of grade 9 learners.

I. FACTORS AFFECTING THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Students' academic performances may be affected for many reasons: Gadget

Addiction, Peer pressure, Family problems etc.

This was the result of our survey in which 50 Grade 9 learners responded.
Gadget Addiction

A majority of respondents answered that the factor that affects their academic
is Gadget addiction. There are three (38) respondents out of 50 respondents who
answered Gadget Addiction is the factor affecting their academics

A majority of respondents answered that the factor that affects their academic
performance is Gadget addiction. There are three (38) respondents out of 50
respondents who answered Gadget Addiction is the factor affecting their academics.

Hence, the statement of the respondents we’re justified by the following

researchers:

According to the International Journal of Social Learning, The students were

found to be at high risk addicted to gadgets. It was proved by their attitude, which is
often missing planned work, having a hard time concentrating in class or while doing
assignments, preferring playing with gadgets even if there are many assignments to be
done, and using gadgets with all consequences. The students felt visual blur,
headache, and neck pain because of playing with their gadget for hours. They also
experienced negative psychological states like poor sleep, loneliness, abstain from
socializing with others, reduced concentration, loss of productivity, boredom, and
stress/depression. Surprisingly, the students achieved good academic qualifications
despite having negative consequences of gadget addiction for their physical and
psychological health. Even so, students must realize that the risks may affect the
long-term condition, so they need to manage using gadgets more wisely and safely.

Peer Pressure
 Peer Pressure can also be a reason affecting their academic performance, there
are twenty-five (25) out of 50 respondents who answered peer pressure is the reasonz
affecting their academic performance. A portion of the respondents say that the effects
of peer pressure decreases their self-confidence and self-worth.

Family Problem

Students nowadays are encountering family problems, and family problems

are one of the reasons affecting their academic performances. Some of them are
thinking about how they will fix their problems in their family. That's why their
academic performances were affected. Seven (7) out of 50 respondents answered that
family problems are the reason affecting their academic performances.

Family background creates an environment which negatively affects the value

of education.

According to the study of (Change, RP., 2017) That the type of family
structure that a person lives in does affect the likelihood of that student chances of
dropping out of school, also the separation of a parent’s marriage, is a change in
family structure that is detrimental to a child and can increase child’s chances of
dropping out of school.

Poor study habits

Poor study habits can also be a reason affecting their academic performance.
Eighteen (18) out of 50 respondents answered that their poor study habits are
affecting their academic performance. Some of them can easily get distracted by other
pleasures and become lazy to study.

Others

A number of respondents also answered that financial problems, teachers'

capabilities and poor learning environment are affecting their academic performance.
II. HOW THEY SOLVE OR MINIMIZE THESE FACTORS

The academic performance of students may impact their self-esteem and

psychological well-being or be depressed, faced with the reality that they lack skills
and knowledge to fulfill their desires. As a result, they try to solve this problem.

The following are the ways they try to solve or minimize these factors
according to our survey.

Self-Discipline

A majority of respondents answered that they try to solve or minimize these

factors through self-discipline. Thirty-nine (39) of 50 respondents answered

self-discipline.

Resourcefulness
 Resourcefulness can be a good solution to solve the factors affecting their

academic performances because it can truly help the students to take charge and get

things done. Therefore, nineteen (19) out of 50 respondents answered resourcefulness.

Time Management

There are thirty-six (36) among the 50 respondents answered Time

Management to solve or reduce these factors affecting their academic performances.

Seeking Guidance from Elder

Seeking Guidance is a big help to minimize these factors because it encourage

students’ academic, emotional, social, and personal development. Thus, twenty-three

(23) out of 50 respondents answered this.

Systematic Study Habits

Students use this kind of way to develop good habits which could lead to good

academic performance. Therefore, twenty (20) among the 50 respondents answered

systematic study habits.

CHAPTER V
 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

This study was conducted in Dingras National High School Dingras Ilocos Norte.
The respondents were interviewed in their classroom. The researchers observed the Grade 9
learners of DNHS very well as they answered their questionnaire correctly and some were
not. The researcher had used the sampling method to get the representative sample or a small
collection of units. This research paper includes fifty (50) respondents who are grade 9
learners. The researchers gathered information and collected data from the respondent’s
answers.

CONCLUSION

Based on the result of the survey done by the students, the researchers, therefore,
conclude that the common reason of poor academic performances of Grade 9 students on
Dingras National High School is Gadget Addiction. Aside from that, Peer Pressure, Family
Problems, and Poor Study Habits are also the factors that caused their academics to be
affected. Despite of these factors, students find ways to minimize or solve these problems.
Thus, the researchers recognized the importance of relationships as much as academics,
focusing on the teacher’s discussion and minimizing these problems.

RECOMMENDATION

I. This research may assist students in finding a way to minimize or solve their
problems that affects their academic performances.

II. This research can assist teachers in keeping an eye on students if they’re
really focusing during class hours.

III. Parents should know the factors that can affect their child’s academic
performances instead of letting them do what they want that may affect their
academic performances.

IV. The future researchers can use this study for them to have references as
related studies or literature to their future study that they are conducting.
REFERENCES:

Abellana D. et. al (2020). Retrieve from

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/edri/2020/8877712/

ABS-CBN News (2021). Retrieve from

https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/02/21/deped-world-bank-report-education-philippines

Alani F. & Hawas A. (2021), Factors Affecting Students. Retrieve from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354723769_Factors_Affecting_Students_Academic
_Performance_A_Case_Study_of_Sohar_University

Almerino P. et. al (2020), Evaluating the Academic Performance of K-12 Students. Retrieve
from
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/edri/2020/8877712/

Puda- Peñeda F. et. al (2019), Perceptions of Factors. Retrieve from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370105455_Filipino_Stud-Peñeda
nts'_Perceptions_of_Factors_Affecting_Their_Academic_Performance_in_School_A_Qualit
ative_Study

Singh S. P et. al (2016), Factors Affecting Academic Performance. Retrieve from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301324970_Research_Paper_Factors_Affecting_Ac
ademic_Performance_of_Students

Tameemi R. et. al (2023). Retrieve from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666374023000079#bib0087
 Appendices

APPENDIX A

LETTER OF REQUEST

June 7, 2023

DR. CORAZON C. FREZ

School Principal IV

SIR:

Christian greetings!

We would like to ask permission to conduct a research titled, “Factors Affecting the
Academic Performance of Grade 9 Learners in Dingras National High School”, in partial
fulfillment of the requirements in ENGLISH 10.

Rest assured that all data gathered in the research will be treated with utmost confidentiality.
We anticipate with deep appreciation and gratitude of favorable approval in this request.

Respectfully yours,

JOSEPHINE CYRID ALBANO (Sgd)

ALLYSA AIRA C. BALDERAMA (Sgd)

RICHELLE BALINBIN (Sgd)

JOEZABELLE BALLESTEROS (Sgd)

 RJ PRINCE CORPUZ (Sgd)

NEOMI ANDREA DULATRE (Sgd)

ABDULWAHAB JR. LAWAL (Sgd)

GRADE 10- EAGLE

Noted: Approved:

VICTORIA QUEVEDO (Sgd) DR. CORAZON C. FREZ (Sgd)

Subject Teacher School Principal IV

APPENDIX B

LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS

Dear Respondents:

Greetings!

We are presently conducting a study entitled, “Factors Affecting the Academic

Performance of Grade 9 Learners in Dingras National High School”, as a partial requirement for
the subject ENGLISH 10.

In this connection, we would like to request you to be one of our respondents in our study. We
hope you can help us by answering the instrument sincerely and truthfully.

Rest assured that all data gathered in the research will be treated with utmost confidentiality.
Thank you and God Bless!

Respectfully yours,

JOSEPHINE CYRID ALBANO (Sgd)

ALLYSA AIRA C. BALDERAMA (Sgd)

RICHELLE BALINBIN (Sgd)

JOEZABELLE BALLESTEROS (Sgd)

 RJ PRINCE CORPUZ (Sgd)

NEOMI ANDREA DULATRE (Sgd)

ABDULWAHAB JR. LAWAL (Sgd)

Researchers
Noted:

MRS. VICTORIA QUEVEDO (Sgd)

Subject Teacher

APPENDIX C

SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 9

LEARNERS IN DINGRAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Instruction: Supply the needed information by filling in the blanks or put a check ( ) on
the options that corresponds to your answer.

Name (Optional): ________________________________ Sex: _____

Section: _________________ Age: _____

1. What are the factors that affect your academic performance in school?
___ Gadget Addiction ___ School Facilities
___ Peer Pressure ___ Learning Environment
___ Financial Problem ___ Teacher-Student Ratio
___ Family Problem ___ Poor Study Habits
___ Teacher’s Capabilities ___ Learning Material Availability
___ Others (Specify): ____________________________________
2. Why are you experiencing these factors?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________.

3. How do you solve or minimize these factors?

___ Self-Discipline ___ Seeking Guidance from Elders

___ Resourcefulness ___ Systematic Study Habits
___ Time Management ___ Others (Please Specify): _______________