1.

Discuss: What is necessary to drill a well

1. Overcome the resistance of the rock, crushing it into small particles
2. Remove the rock particles by using drilling fluid
3. Maintain the stability of the walls of the hole by using cement

2. What is the hoisting system and mention its components

Is a set of equipment necessary to lower or raise drill strings, casing string and
other subsurface equipment into or out of hole.
Hoisting System components:
1. Derrick
2. Travelling block
3. Draw works
4.Drilling line
5. Crown block
6. Substructure

3. What is the function of draw works

The draw works is the machine that transmits the power to operate the equipment
in the well. Its function is:
1. provide several different lifting speeds and lifting weights
2. hang the drilling tool
4. What is the rotary system and mention its main components:
It is a set of equipment required to promote the rotation of the bit. Its main
components:
1) Rotary table: is a mechanical device on a drilling rig that provides clockwise
rotational force to the drill string to drill a borehole.
2) Drill string: is a string or column that transmits drilling fluid (via the mud
pumps) and torque (via the Kelly drive) to the drill bit

5. Discuss: The drilling process

1. The first stage is to drill a hole using a bit attached to a string which breaks
the rocks into fragments
2. The rotary table makes the drill string rotate.
3. Drilling fluid or mud, is pumped to cool, lubricate the bit and carry away
rock fragments
4. The drill pipe is removed and replaced with steel pipe. Cement is then
pumped down to fill the gap
5. The next stage is to create a connection between the surface casing and the
rock layer holding the oil and gas so ‘perforating gun’ is used to accurately
be positioned in front of the target reservoir and then firing to create holes
between the casing pipe and the target rock
Complete:
1. The derrick is an open-framework structure of steel beams, whose function is to hold the
ensemble of sheaves at its top
2. Every derrick has a load capacity, defined by API (American Petroleum Institute) standards
3. Drill bit is a cutting tool used to create cylindrical holes.
4. Kellys are the primary link between the drilling rig's surface equipment and the bit.
5. Preparing the drilling rig site includes: providing the infrastructure for safe drilling ,
safety procedures and obtaining relevant permits
6. Offshore rigs are classified into fixed marine rigs and floating marine rigs
7. fixed marine rigs include jackup rigs, platform rigs and submersible rigs
While floating marine rigs include drilling ship rigs and semisubmersible rigs
8. Onshore rigs classified into: conventional rigs and mobile rigs which is classified into
jackknife and portable mast
9. Drilling towers that dig in seas and oceans are called offshore rigs
10. Drilling rigs operating on land are called inshore rigs
11. Jack up rigs are movable and have legs to carry the drilling tower.

12. The term rig up means the process of installing a drilling rig and constructing the tower in
preparation for drilling a new well
13. The term rig down means the process of disassembling the drilling rig and lowering the
tower in preparation for moving it to another well
14. The term rig move means after completing drilling of the well the drilling rig is moved to a
new well site.
15. The term rig repair means entering the drilling rig into maintenance for the purpose of
repairing the equipment and parts of the rig
MCQ:
1. Used to drill wells in shallow waters typically less than 400 ft.
a. Jackup rigs
b. Platform rigs
c. submersible rigs
2. Are shallow-water rigs that can be physically attached to the sea floor.
a. Platform rigs
b. submersible rigs
c. semisubmersible rigs

3. Is supported primarily on large pontoon-like structures submerged below the sea surface.
a. submersible rigs
b. semisubmersible rigs
c. Drilling ship rigs
4. They are usually anchored with six to twelve anchors tethered by strong chains and wire cables
a. submersible rigs
b. semisubmersible rigs
c. Drilling ship rigs
Question 3:
Name all parts shown in the following figure;