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Simple Hermonic Motion: Your Teacher-Suman Roy (B.SC Hons, B. Tech) Subject-Physics
Simple Hermonic Motion: Your Teacher-Suman Roy (B.SC Hons, B. Tech) Subject-Physics
MOTION
YOUR TEACHER-SUMAN ROY(B.SC HONS, B. TECH)
SUBJECT-PHYSICS
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SIMPLE HERMONIC MOTION
• Simple harmonic motion can be described as an oscillatory motion in which the
acceleration of the particle at any position is directly proportional to the displacement
from the mean position. It is a special case of oscillatory motion.
•
• All the Simple Harmonic Motions are oscillatory and also periodic, but not all oscillatory
motions are SHM. Oscillatory motion is also called the harmonic motion of all the
oscillatory motions, wherein the most important one is Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM).
•
• In this type of oscillatory motion, displacement, velocity and acceleration, and force vary
(w.r.t time) in a way that can be described by either sine (or) the cosine functions
collectively called sinusoids.
PERIODIC MOTION
A motion repeats itself after an equal interval of time. For example, uniform
circular motion.
There is no equilibrium position.
There is no restoring force.
There is no stable equilibrium position
Oscillatory Motion:-
-To and fro motion of a particle about a mean position is called an oscillatory motion in
which a particle moves on either side of the equilibrium (or) mean position is an oscillatory
motion.
-It is a kind of periodic motion bounded between two extreme points. For example, the
oscillation of a simple pendulum, spring-mass system.
The object will keep on moving between two extreme points about a fixed point is called
the mean position (or) equilibrium position along any path (the path is not a constraint).
-There will be a restoring force directed towards the equilibrium position (or) mean
position.
-In an oscillatory motion, the net force on the particle is zero at the mean position.
The mean position is a stable equilibrium position.
SIMPLE HERMONIC MOTION
i) F ∝ -X
ii) a∝-x
a=0
x=Asin𝝎𝒕 (the solution when the particle is in its mean position point (0)
x=Asin(𝝎𝒕 + Φ) (the solution when the particle is at Q)
DISPLACEMENT:-
x=Asin𝝎𝒕 ( when the particle is in its mean position point (0)
VELOCITY:-
x=Asin𝝎𝒕
𝒙
Or, sin𝝎𝒕= 𝑨
𝒅𝒙
Or, 𝒅𝒕 =A𝝎𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝎t
Or,v=A𝝎𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝎t_____________(i)
Kinetic Energy:-
𝟏
we know kinetic Energy(𝑬𝑲 )=𝟐m𝒗𝟐
𝟏
Or, 𝑬𝑲 =𝟐m𝝎𝟐 (𝑨𝟐 -𝒙𝟐 )
𝟏
NOTE:-i)at x=0, 𝑬𝑲 =𝟐m𝝎𝟐 𝑨𝟐 ,it is the maximum value of kinetic energy.
ii)At x=A, 𝑬𝑲 =0,it is the minimum value of kinetic energy.
Potential Energy:-
𝑬𝑷 =work done=ForceᳵDisplacement
𝑬𝑷 =max=-m𝝎𝟐 𝒙𝟐
NOTE:-i)at x=0, 𝑬𝑷 =0, it is the minimum value of Potential energy.
ii)At x=A, 𝑬𝑷 =- m𝝎𝟐 𝑨𝟐 ,it is the maximum value of Potential energy.