PHYSICS

Lightning &
Charging by
Rubbing
AMJADHA A
1. When electric current is passed through copper sulphate
solution, copper gets deposited on the plate connected to the --
---------terminal of the battery.

1. When electric current is passed through copper sulphate

solution, copper gets deposited on the plate connected to the
negative terminal of the battery.
2. Electroplating is based on ------------------ effect of electric
current.
2. Electroplating is based on ------------------ effect of electric
current.
2. Electroplating is based on chemical effect of electric current.
Learning Objectives

•To list various natural phenomena.

•To describe the process of charging by rubbing.
•To explain the types of charges and their interaction.
Natural Phenomena

Cyclone Lightning Earthquake

Natural phenomena can cause damage to human life and properties.

Lightning

Accumulation of charges in clouds causes Lightning.

Properties of Charges
Polythene Cloth

Plastic refill

Charged Polythene Cloth

Charged Plastic refill

Rubbed refill gets charged and these charges are static in nature.
Charged Object

Rubbing dry hair with comb

An object having an electric charge on its body is a charged object.

Can we Use a Steel Spoon to Create
Charge by Rubbing?

No. Steel is a conductor, where

charge is not static. If we hold
Steel spoon spoon the charge conducts
through our body and transfer
to earth.

When we need to charge an object by rubbing, the object and

rubbing material should be insulators.
Examples of Insulators

Plastic comb
Plastic Refill

Silk Cloth Fur Rubber Balloon

Example
Objects Materials used for Attracts/Does Charged/Not
Rubbed Rubbing not attract Charged
pieces of paper
Refill Polythene, Woolen
Cloth
Balloon Polythene, Dry hair
Eraser Wool
Steel Polythene, Woollen
Spoon Cloth
Glass rod Dry hair
Coin Polythene
 Types of Charges

Rubbing plastic comb with hair Rubbing balloon with dry hair

When two objects are rubbed together they both get charged with
opposite charges.
Interaction of Charges

Rubbing Balloon with Woollen cloth

Charges of same kind repel each other.

 Interaction of Charges

When two refills rubbed

with polythene brought
together, they repel
each other.

Rubbing Refill with Polythene

When objects made of same material are brought together ,they repel each
other.
Interaction of Charges

Refill and Balloon Balloon and refill attract each other

When objects made of different material are brought together,

they attract each other or unlike charges attract each other.
Interaction of Charges
Glass rod

Silk Cloth Positive charge on

glass rod

Charge acquired by a glass rod when it is rubbed by

another material is always positive.
 A charged glass rod brought near a charged
plastic straw rubbed with polythene is attracted
to each other. Why?
The charge on glass rod is conventionally
positive. Objects with different charges
attract each other and therefore the
charge on plastic straw is negative.
1
2
3
4
5
Exercise

1. The like charges:

a. Repel each other.
b. Attract each other.
c. No interactions takes place.
d. All of these.
Answer

1. The like charges:

a. Repel each other.
b. Attract each other.
c. No interactions takes place.
d. All of these.
Exercise

2. The lightning occurs due to:

a. Lord Varuna’s anger.
b. Rain.
c. Wind.
d. Accumulation of Charges.
Answer

2. The lightning occurs due to:

a. Lord Varuna’s anger.
b. Rain.
c. Wind.
d. Accumulation of Charges.
Exercise

3. Which of the following cannot be charged easily by friction:

a. Copper rod.
b. Balloon.
c. Glass rod.
d. Refill.
Answer

3. Which of the following cannot be charged easily by friction:

a. Copper rod.
b. Balloon.
c. Glass rod.
d. Refill.
Exercise

4. When a glass rod is rubbed with silk cloth ,the rod:

a. And the cloth acquire positive charge.
b. Becomes positively charged ,while cloth becomes negatively
charged.
c. And the cloth both acquire negative charge.
d. Becomes negatively charged while cloth becomes positively
charged.
Answer

4. When a glass rod is rubbed with silk cloth ,the rod:

a. And the cloth acquire positive charge.
b. Becomes positively charged ,while cloth becomes negatively
charged.
c. And the cloth both acquire negative charge.
d. Becomes negatively charged while cloth becomes positively
charged.
Exercise

5. Mention the interactions of two types of charges.

 Answer

5. Mention the interactions of two types of charges.

Like charges repel each other while unlike charges attract each
other.

PHYSICS
 Exercise

6. How a ballpoint pen refill can be charged by the method of

friction?.

PHYSICS
Answer

6. How a ballpoint pen refill can be charged by the method of

friction?.
A ballpoint pen refill can be charged by rubbing it against the
woolen cloth.
Homework

1. Mention the interactions of two types of charges. Give one

example of the chemical effect of electric current.
2. Why is a charged balloon repelled by another charged balloon,
whereas another charged balloon attracts an uncharged
balloon?