Data communication is a phase where two device exchanges messages throughout the process.

The
system of communication consists of 5 components which are message, sender, receiver, protocol, and
transmission medium. There are two types of data signals mentioned, which are first is the digital which
has discrete values, and analog signal that represents continuous signals. There are three types of data
in communication which are simplex where message is travelling in direction, half-duplex where which
both devices can send and receive data except simultaneously, and full duplex where two devices can
send and receive data at the same time. Through the communication channels, it is divided into two
groups which are guided and unguided media. Starting from guided media, this is where data are being
sent between two devices with the use of cables. Twisted pair cables, optical fibers, and coaxal cable are
used in this type of transmission. For the unguided media, the data transmission was regarded through
waves which signals can travel through water, air, and vacuum. Radio waves, microwaves and
microwaves, infrared is usually used in this transmission.