ისტორია

ნატა ახმეტელი
ბესიკ ლორთქიფანიძე

7
მასწავლებლის წიგნი
 zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebi

saqarTveloSi zogadi ganaTlebis sistema miznad isaxavs Seqmnas xelsayreli pirobebi

erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio Rirebulebebis matarebeli, Tavisufali pirovnebis Camoy-
alibebisaTvis.
amasTan erTad ganaTlebis sistema uviTarebs mozards gonebriv da fizikur unar-Cvevebs,
aZlevs saWiro codnas, amkvidrebs jansaRi cxovrebis wess, moswavleebs uyalibebs liber-
alur da demokratiul Rirebulebebze damyarebul samoqalaqo cnobierebas da exmareba maT
ojaxis, sazogadoebisa da saxelwmifos winaSe sakuTari ufleba-movaleobebis gacnobierebaSi.
saqarTvelos zogadi ganaTlebis sistemaSi miRebuli gamocdilebis safuZvelze mozard-
ma unda SeZlos:
a) qveynis interesebis, tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis mimarT sakuTari pasuxismgeblo-
bis gaazreba:
saskolo ganaTlebam unda ganuviTaros mozards unari, rom sworad gansazRvros saku-
Tari qveynis saxelmwifoebrivi, kulturuli, ekonomikuri da politikuri interesebi da
misces mas sasikeTo gadawyvetilebaTa miRebisa da aqtiuri moqmedebis SesaZlebloba;
b) bunebrivi garemo pirobebis SenarCuneba da dacva:
mozardma unda icodes, ra bunebriv garemoSi cxovrobs, ra ziani SeiZleba miayenos gare-
mos adamianis ama Tu im moqmedebam, rogor SeinarCunos da daicvas bunebrivi garemo;
g) teqnologiuri Tu sxva inteleqtualuri miRwevebis efeqtianad gamoyeneba; informaci-
is mopoveba, damuSaveba da analizi:
dRes, rodesac adamianisaTvis misawvdomia didi moculobisa da sxvadasxva Sinaarsis in-
formacia, misi efeqtianad gamoyenebis unari sasicocxlo mniSvnelobas iZens. mozards unda
SeeZlos ara mxolod informaciis mopoveba, aramed misi Sefasebac Sinaarsis, daniSnulebisa
da xarisxis mixedviT, dasaxuli miznebisaTvis misi gamoyenebis formebis gansazRvra; te-
qnologiuri miRwevebis efeqtiani gamoyeneba yoveldRiuri cxovrebis, muSaobis, intele-
qtualuri Tu sulieri moRvaweobis pirobebis gasaumjobeseblad;
d) damoukideblad cxovreba, gadawyvetilebis miReba:
saskolo ganaTlebam unda ganuviTaros mozards pirad, ojaxur da sazogadoebriv cx-
ovrebaSi damoukidebel gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis unar-Cvevebi;
e) iyos Semoqmedi, Tavad Seqmnas Rirebulebebi da ar icxovros mxolod arsebulis xarjze:
saskolo ganaTlebam unda uzrunvelyos mozardis im unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba, rom-
lebic miscems mas saSualebas, ukve arsebuli gamocdileba da miRwevebi gamoiyenos axali
materialuri, inteleqtualuri Tu sulieri Rirebulebebis Sesaqmnelad;
v) sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da interesebis uwyveti ganviTareba mTeli cxovrebis gan-
mavlobaSi da maTi maqsimaluri realizeba rogorc qveynis SigniT, ise mis sazRvrebs gareTac;
saskolo ganaTlebam unda Camouyalibos mozards uwyveti ganviTarebis, mTeli cxovre-
bis ganmavlobaSi axali codnisa da Cvevebis damoukideblad SeZenis unari, raTa SeZlos
sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da sulieri midrekilebebis adekvaturad gansazRvra da amis
mixedviT sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi sakuTari adgilis damkvidreba; mozardi mzad unda
iyos arCevani gaakeTos momavali ganaTlebisa da SromiTi saqmianobisaTvis.
z) komunikacia individebTan da jgufebTan:
saskolo ganaTlebam unda uzrunvelyos, rom sazogadoebis momaval wevrebs ganuviTaros
zogadi sakomunikacio unar-Cvevebi (wera, kiTxva, metyveleba, mosmena), saorganizacio da
jgufuri muSaobis Cvevebi, maT Soris imaT, visTvisac saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ena mSobli-
uri ar aris;
T) iyos kanonmorCili, toleranti moqalaqe:
dRevandel dinamiur, eTnikurad da kulturulad mravalferovan samyaroSi sazogadoe-
bis funqcionirebisaTvis gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens urTierTpativiscemis, urT-
ierTgagebisa da urTierTSemecnebis Cvevebi. skolam unda gamoumuSaos mozards adamianis
uflebebis dacvisa da pirovnebis pativiscemis unari, romelsac igi gamoiyenebs sakuTari
da sxvisi TviTmyofadobis SesanarCuneblad. mozards unda SeeZlos adamianis arsebiTi
uflebebis Sesaxeb miRebuli Teoriuli codnis ganxorcieleba da am principebiT cxovreba.
 nata axmeteli, besik lorTqifaniZe

istoria 7

maswavleblis wigni

grifminiWebulia saqarTvelos ganaTlebis, mecnierebis, kulturisa da

sportis saministros mier 2019 wels
nata axmeteli, besik lorTqifaniZe

istoria

VII klasi

maswavleblis wigni

redaqtorebi: lali baqraZe, solomon nozaZe

© gamomcemloba `diogene~, 2019

yvela ufleba daculia

ISBN

gamomcemloba `diogene~, Tbilisi, afaqiZis q. 9, telefoni 221 33 21

www.diogene.ge
 sarCevi

1. zogadi informacia saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb............................................................................................. 5

2. maswavleblis wignis sarCevi......................................................................................................................... 7

3. Sesavali........................................................................................................................................................... 8

3.1. saxelmZRvanelos swavlebis miznebia.................................................................................................... 8

3.2. maswavleblis wignis mimoxilva da misi gamoyenebis wesi................................................................... 33

3.3. moswavleze orientirebuli midgomebis specifika sagnis swavlebis procesSi.............................. 33

3.4 meTodikuri orientirebi........................................................................................................................ 34

3.5. moswavleze orientirebuli swavlebis ZiriTadi strategiebi......................................................... 37

3.6. rekomendaciebi saswavlo-saganmanaTleblo resursebis Sesaxeb swavlebis

miznis miRwevis efeqtianobisaTvis..................................................................................................... 38

3.7. moswavlis Sefasebis principebi............................................................................................................ 39

3.8. aqtivobebis, RonisZiebebis, proeqtebis, praqtikuli samuSaoebis

CatarebasTan dakavSirebuli zogadi rekomendaciebi ................................................................... 43

4. informacia moswavlis wignis/rveulis Sesaxeb......................................................................................... 48

5. maswavleblis wignis praqtikuli nawili ................................................................................................... 48

5.1. Tavis/nawilis/ganyofilebis daniSnuleba, maTi swavlebis miznebi, SeswavlisTvis

saWiro mzaoba/diagnostika.................................................................................................................. 48

5.2. winare codna da gamocdileba. sxvadasxva saxis testuri davalebebis nimuSebi ........................... 49

5.3. gakveTilebis scenarebi......................................................................................................................... 51

gakveTilis sarekomendacio scenarebi........................................................................................................... 52

I Tavi. preistoria/qvis xana ........................................................................................................................ 52

Tavi 2. brinjaos xana/Zveli aRmosavleTi.................................................................................................. 63

Tavi 3. antikuri da gvianantikuri xana...................................................................................................... 65

Semajamebeli gakveTilebis scenarebi......................................................................................................... 70

gakveTilis gegmebis danarTebi.................................................................................................................... 79

6. maswavleblis wignis daskvniTi nawili........................................................................................................ 84

rekomendaciebi maswavlebels...................................................................................................................... 86

gamoyenebuli da sarekomendacio literatura......................................................................................... 87

eleqtronuli misamarTebi........................................................................................................................... 88
 1. zogadi informacia saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb

VII klasis saxelmZRvanelo „istoria“ efuZneba erovnuli saswavlo gegmis im standarts, romelic
SeimuSava saqarTvelos ganaTlebis, mecnierebis, kulturisa da sportis saministrom. erovnuli sas-
wavlo gegma zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis miRwevis erT-erTi ZiriTadi saSualebaa. erovnuli
saswavlo gegmis mTavari amocanaa, Seqmnas erovnuli miznebis misaRwevi saganmanaTleblo garemo da
resursebi. am miznidan gamomdinare, igi irCevs pirovnebis ganviTarebaze orientirebul saganmanaTleb-
lo koncefcias. es koncefcia gulisxmobs, faqtobrivi codnis garda, moswavles ganuviTaros zogadi
da specifikuri unar-Cvevebi da maRalzneobrivi Rirebulebebi. 2018-2024 wlebis sabazo safexuris
erovnuli saswavlo gegma pidapir miuTiTebs, rom istoriis swavla-swavleba miznad isaxavs:

• xeli Seuwyos moswavlis humanur, saxelmwifoebrivad moazrovne, patriot moqalaqed Camoya­

libebas;
• moswavles gauRvivos interesi saqarTvelosa da msoflio istoriis Seswavlis mimarT;
• moswavles ganuviTaros istoriuli (politikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri, kulturuli, reli-
giuri) procesebis analizisa da maTi TanamedroveobasTan Sedarebis unari; istoriuli pirovne-
bebisa da movlenebis mravalmxrivad Sefasebis unari;
• daexmaros moswavles istoriuli epoqebis aRqmasa da maTi maxasiaTeblebis erTmaneTTan/Tana-
medroveobasTan SedarebaSi;
• moswavles ganuviTaros istoriis kvlevisTvis saWiro unarebi;
• moswavles SesZinos istoriis dargobrivi eniT operirebis unari.

sabazo safexurze sagani „istoria“ saqarTvelosa da msoflio istoriis integrirebul swavla-swav-

lebas gulisxmobs. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, Cveni saxelmZRvanelo efuZneba 2018-2024 wlebis axali
erovnuli saswavlo gegmis istoriis standarts. sabazo safexurze sagani „istoria“ saqarTvelosa da
msoflio istoriis integrirebul swavla-swavlebas gulisxmobs. saswavlo kursis ganmavlobaSi mos-
wavle gaecnoba saqarTvelos istoriis umTavres epizodebs uZvelesi droidan dRemde da daukavSirebs
maT msoflio istoriis sakvanZo movlenebs; Seiswavlis sxvadasxva epoqis socialur istorias (religia,
kultura, ekonomika); dainaxavs, rom Tanamedroveoba da warsuli erTmaneTTan mWidrodaa dakavSire-
buli. saswavlo kursis ganmavlobaSi moswavle gaecnoba saqarTvelos istoriis umTavres epizodebs
uZvelesi droidan dRemde da daukavSirebs maT msoflio istoriis sakvanZo movlenebs. Sesabamisad,
Cveni saxelmZRvanelo agebulia ise, rom ZiriTadi aqcenti gakeTebulia saqarTvelos istoriaze da
konkretul epoqebSi im mniSvnelovan movlenebze, romlebic msoflioSi mimdinareobda da ase Tu ise
gavlenas axdenda Cveni qveynis istoriaze. amgvarive iqneba momavalSi sabazo safexuris sxva klasebis
saxelmZRvaneloebic. am konkretul SemTxvevaSi VII klasi moicavs periods uZvelesi droidan ax. wR-is
VII saukunemde (ukanaskneli Temaa „didi omianoba egrisSi“).

sagnis swavla-swavlebisas moswavle CarTuli iqneba aqtivobebSi, romlebic mas SeZenili codnis
praqtikaSi gamoyenebis saSualebas miscems. VII klasis saxelmZRvanelo, istoriis konkretuli perio-
dis codnis garda, moswavles SesZens zogad da sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebisaTvis damaxasiaTebel
specifikur unar-Cvevebs.

zogadi unar-Cvevebia:

• problemis gaazreba da kavSirebis dadgena;

• informaciis mopoveba da am informaciis gaanalizeba;
• kvleva;
• komunikaciisa da TanamSromlobis unari;
• SemoqmedebiTi unari.

5
 specifikuri unar-Cvevebia:

• istoriuli drois gageba da epoqis gancda;

• istoriuli rukebis, vizualuri wyaroebis (plakati, foto, naxati, karikatura da a. S.) analizis
unari;
• qronologiuri da tipologiuri diagramebis, cxrilebis Seqmnis unari;
• sakuTari qveynis kulturul memkvidreobaze pasuxismgeblobisa da zrunvisTvis aucilebeli
unar-Cvevebi.
Cven mier Seqmnili saxelmZRvanelo Tavis wvlils Seitans erovnuli saswavlo gegmis misiiTa da
miznebiT gaTvaliswinebuli unarebisa da Rirebulebebis ganviTarebasa da CamoyalibebaSi. Sedegebi,
romlebsac esg-s sabazo safexuris istoriis standarti moiTxovs, dajgufebulia sam mimarTulebad:

• istoriuli interpretacia da kvleva _ gulisxmobs istoriuli movlenebisa da procesebis, aseve

istoriuli pirovnebebis mravalmxrivad Sefasebas; istoriuli Sinaarsis teqstebis wakiTxva-gaaz-
rebasa da gaanalizebas.
• istoriuli epoqis aRqma/analizi _ gulisxmobs sxvadasxva istoriuli epoqis arsebiTi maxasiaTe-
blebis gamokveTas, TanamedroveobasTan paralelebis gavlebas.
• Rirebulebebi da damokidebulebebi _ gulisxmobs istoriis swavla-swavlebis procesis Rirebule-
bebis (patriotizmi, saxelmwifoebrivi azrovneba da kulturuli mravalferovneba) ganviTareba-
ze orientirebulad warmarTvas.

saxelmZRvanelos paragrafebi isea agebuli, rom gakveTili Catardes interaqtiulad. is iTvalis-

winebs mravalferovan meTodikur orientirebs. cnobilia, rom istoriis swavla-swavleba unda warim-
arTos Semdegi principebis dacviT: swavla-swavleba xels unda uwyobdes moswavleTa motivirebasa da
Sinagani Zalebis gaaqtiurebas, codnis etapobrivad konstruirebas winare codnaze dafuZnebiT, codna-
Ta urTierTdakavSirebis organizebas, swavlis strategiebis dauflebas (swavlis swavlas); swavla-swav-
leba unda moicavdes codnis samive kategorias: deklaratiuls, procedurulsa da pirobiseuls. ro-
gorc zemoT aRvniSneT, saswavlo Temis asagebad umTavresi orientirebia standartis Sedegebi. isini
standartSi savaldebulo saxiTaa gansazRvruli. cnebebsa da Sedegebze dayrdnobiT ganisazRvreba
mkvidri warmodgenebi, sakvanZo kiTxvebi da Sefasebis indikatorebi. saswavlo Temis swavla-swavlebis
mizniT gansazRvrulia sagnobrivi sakiTxebi, resursebi, davalebebis tipebi/nimuSebi gagebis, gaazrebis,
ganmtkicebisa da Sejamebis mizniT. TiToeuli Temis paragrafebi isea agebuli, rom upasuxos sakvanZo
SekiTxvebs: a) saidan viciT, rom warsulSi yvelaferi marTlac ise xdeboda, rogorc amas istorikose-
bi gadmogvcemen? b) rogor unda gavarkvioT, ra moxda sinamdvileSi, rodesac sxvadasxva wyaro erT-
maneTisgan gansxvavebul informacias gvawvdis? romeli istoriuli wyaro imsaxurebs ndobas? g) ratom
icvleba yvelaferi (yofa-cxovreba, teqnologiebi, tradiciebi, Rirebuleba/damokidebulebebi) Cven
garSemo? d) ratom aris cvalebadoba istoriis ganuyofeli nawili? ratom gansxvavdeba istoriuli
epoqebi erTmaneTisgan? e) ratom unda gaviTvaliswino faqtebis, movlenebisa da procesebis Sefasebisas
istoriuli garemo (konteqsti), romelsac isini ukavSirdeba? v) rogor cxovrobdnen adamianebi saqa-
rTveloSi sxvadasxva istoriul epoqaSi (rogori iyo maTi yofa, yoveldRiuri cxovreba, msoflmxed-
veloba)? z) ratom unda vswavlobde sakuTari qveynisa da msoflios istorias? T) rogor viswavlo
istoria? aseve mniSvnelovania, rom yovel Temas Tan axlavs Semajamebeli kompleqsuri davalebebi,
radgan mxolod kompleqsuri davalebebis saSualebiT SeiZleba gamovlindes, ramdenad daeufla mos-
wavle Temis farglebSi asaTvisebel codna-unarTa erTobliobas da ramdenad axerxebs maT funqciurad
gamoyenebas. yvelafer zemoT TqmulTan erTad unda aRvniSnoT, rom maswavleblis wignSi SeZlebisdag-
varad ganmartebulia swavlebis sxvadasxva meTodi da strategia; mocemulia dagegmili mimdinare da
Semajamebeli gakveTilebi. am gegmebs mxolod rekomendaciis saxe aqvs da maswavlebeli Tavisufalia
sakuTar arCevanSi. Cveni saxelmZRvanelos, aseve moswavlisa da maswavleblis wignebis ZiriTad koncep-
tualur mimarTulebad swored is migvaCnia, rom nebismier maswavlebels saSualebas miscems, Caataros
interaqtiuli gakveTili da imavdroulad meTodikis SerCevisas Tavisufali iyos arCevanSi.

6
 2. maswavleblis wignis sarCevi

Sesavali
1. saxelmZRvanelos swavlebis miznebi
2. maswavleblis wignis mimoxilva da misi gamoyenebis wesi
3. moswavleze orientirebuli midgomebis specifika sagnis swavlebis procesSi
4. meTodikuri orientirebi
5. moswavleze orientirebuli swavlebis ZiriTadi strategiebi
6. rekomendaciebi saswavlo-saganmanaTleblo resursebis Sesaxeb swavlebis miznis miRwevis efeq-
tianobisaTvis
7. moswavlis Sefasebis principebi
8. aqtivobebis, RonisZiebebis, proeqtebis, praqtikuli samuSaoebis CatarebasTan dakavSirebuli
zogadi rekomendaciebi
4. informacia moswavlis wignis/rveulis Sesaxeb
5. maswavleblis wignis praqtikuli nawili. gakveTilebis scenarebi
6. maswavleblis wignis daskvniTi nawili. literaturis sia, internet-misamarTebi

7
 3. Sesavali

3.1. saxelmZRvanelos swavlebis miznebia

• xeli Seuwyos moswavlis humanur, saxelmwifoebrivad moazrovne, patriot moqalaqed Camoyal-

ibebas;
• moswavles gauRvivos interesi saqarTvelosa da msoflio istoriis Seswavlis mimarT;
• moswavles ganuviTaros istoriuli (politikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri, kulturuli, reli-
giuri) procesebis analizisa da maTi TanamedroveobasTan Sedarebis unari; istoriuli pirovne-
bebisa da movlenebis mravalmxrivad Sefasebis unari;
•
daexmaros moswavles istoriuli epoqebis aRqmasa da maTi maxasiaTeblebis erTmaneTTan/Tana-
medroveobasTan SedarebaSi;
• moswavles ganuviTaros istoriis kvlevisTvis saWiro unarebi.
sabazo safexuris standartis mixedviT, sabazo safexuris bolos moswavleebma unda miaRwion Sem-
deg Sedegebs:

istoriis standartis Sedegebi (VII-IX klasebi)

mimarTuleba: istoriuli interpretacia da kvleva
Sedegebis moswavlem unda SeZlos:
indeqsi
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis gac-
nobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis
axleburad gaazreba/gadafaseba;

ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;

ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istori-

ul-geografiuli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri
niSniT);
ist. sab. 5. faqtebis, interpretaciebis/mosazrebebis da stereotipebis erTmaneTisgan garCeva;

ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da Se-
faseba: istoriul movlenasa da pirovnebaze gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis
mizezebis axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba.
mimarTuleba: istoriuli epoqis aRqma/analizi
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da
msoflmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis uni-
kalurobis Cveneba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebisa da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT;
ist. sab. 9. konkretuli magaliTebis moSveliebiT istoriuli movlenebisa da procesebis msgavse-
ba-gansxvavebebze msjeloba.
mimarTuleba: Rirebulebebi da damokidebulebebi

ist. sab. 10. qveynis warsulis, awmyosa da momavlis erTian konteqstSi gaazreba;

ist. sab. 11. pozitiuri damokidebulebis gamovlena kulturuli, eTnikuri da religiuri mraval-
ferovnebis mimarT;
ist. sab. 12. istoriuli magaliTebis moSveliebiT saxelmwifoebrivi azrovnebisa (patriotizmi) da
demokratiis principebis (Tanasworoba, monawileoba) saWiroebis dasabuTeba.

8
 VII klasSi Sedegebis miRwevis Sefasebis indikatorebia:

Tema: preistoria / qvis xana

Sefasebis indikatorebi - moswavlem unda SeZlos:
• qvis xanisTvis/preistoriisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (gvarovnuli Temi, ma-
gia, meurneoba (Semgrovebloba-monadireoba, miwaTmoqmedeba-mesaqonleoba)) gamokveTa (ist.
sab.1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,11,12);
• arqeologiuri da eTnologiuri monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis movlenebis Seswavla-inter-
pretireba (ist.sab.1,2,3,5,7,8,9,10,11,12);
• pirvelyofili sazogadoebis (socialuri fenebi, meurneobis formebi, msoflmxedveloba) Tana-
medrove da/an sxva istoriuli epoqis sazogadoebasTan Sedareba (ist.sab.1,2,3,7,9,10,11,12);
• „neoliTuri revoluciis“ misTvis cnobil sxva istoriul movlenebTan Sedareba (ist.
sab.1,2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12).

Tema: brinjaos xana/ Zveli aRmosavleTi

Sefasebis indikatorebi - moswavlem unda SeZlos:
• saqarTvelos teritoriaze brinjaos xanis arqeologiuri kulturebisa da lursmuli fir-
fitebis monacemebis safuZvelze ZvelaRmosavluri periodis/brinjaos xanis sazogadoebis dax-
asiaTeba (ist.sab. 1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,11,12);
• ZvelaRmosavluri periodisTvis/brinjaos xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (damwer-
loba, saxelmwifoebrioba, religiuri sistemebi, „kompleqsuri sazogadoeba“) gamokveTa (ist.
sab.1,2,3,5,7,8,9,10,11,12);
• ZvelaRmosavluri sazogadoebis (socialuri fenebi, saxelmwifo mowyoba, samarTlebrivi az-
rovneba (kanonebi), meurneobis formebi, religia da msoflmxedveloba) Tanamedrove da/an sxva
istoriuli epoqis sazogadoebasTan Sedareba (ist.sab.1,2,3,7,9,10,11,12);
• damwerlobisa da saxelmwifo institutebis warmoqmnis mizezebze msjeloba; saxelmwifos war-
moqmniT gamowveuli kompleqsuri cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba da sxva istoriul movlenebTan maTi
Sedareba (ist.sab.1,2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12).
Tema: antikuri da gvianantikuri xana
Sefasebis indikatorebi _ moswavlem unda SeZlos:
• arqeologiuri, numizmatikuri, miTologiuri, berZeni da romaeli istorikosebis cnobebis sa-
fuZvelze antikuri da gvianantikuri sazogadoebis daxasiaTeba (ist.sab.1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,11,12);
• antikuri da gvianantikuri xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (mmarTvelobis forme-
bi, qalaqebi, savaWro urTierTobebi, religiebi, migraciuli procesebi) gamokveTa (ist.
sab.1,2,3,5,7,8,9,10,11,12);
• antikuri da gvianantikuri sazogadoebis (socialuri fenebi, saxelmwifo mowyoba, samarTle-
brivi azrovneba, meurneobis formebi, religia da msoflmxedveloba) Tanamedrove da/an sxva
istoriuli epoqis sazogadoebasTan Sedareba (ist.sab.1,2,3,7,9,10,11,12);
• berZnuli kolonizaciis, aleqsandre makedonelis laSqrobebis, romis msoflio imperiad Cam-
oyalibebis, „xalxTa didi gadasaxlebis“ Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba; saqa-
rTveloze maTi zegavlenis gaanalizeba; maTi sxva istoriul movlenebTan Sedareba (ist.
sab.1,2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12).

es indikatorebi gamogadgebaT Sefasebis rubrikebis Seqmnis dros; Tumca amaze qvemoT ufro
dawvrilebiT mogaxsenebT.

9
 standartis Tanaxmad, VII klasSi yoveli Tavis bolos moswavleebma unda gaiTavison Semdegi mkvidri
warmodgenebi:

I Tavis mkvidri warmodgenebi:

• preistoria adamianis gaCenidan pirveli saxelmwifoebisa da damwerlobis Camoyalibebamde periodia;
• qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTxrobs;
• qvis xanaSi ZiriTadad qvis iaraRebs iyenebdnen;
• qvis xanaSi adamianebi gvarovnuli Temis pirobebSi cxovrobdnen;
• magia pirvelyofili adamianis azrovnebisa da msoflmxedvelobis umTavresi formaa. igi sagnebs/
adamianebs Soris uxilavi kavSirebis arsebobas gulisxmobs;
• qvis xanaSi adamianebi monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen, mogvianebiT ki maT miwaTmo-
qmedeba da mesaqonleoba iswavles;
• saqarTvelos teritoriaze aRmoCenilia evraziaSi uZvelesi adamianis naSTebi; saqarTvelo
erT-erTi pirveli qveyanaa, romlis teritoriazec miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba ganviTarda.

II Tavis mkvidri warmodgenebi:

• pirveli saxelmwifoebi da damwerlobis sistemebi erTdroulad warmoiqmna;
• pirveli saxelmwifoebi didi mdinareebis gaswvriv Camoyalibda;
• uZvelesi civilizaciebis Camoyalibeba Zveli aRmosavleTis xalxebs (Sumerebi, xeTebi, asurele-
bi, babilonelebi) ukavSirdeba. isini ZiriTadad lursmul damwerlobas iyenebdnen;
• ZvelaRmosavlur civilizaciebs momTabare tomebis Semosevebi did safrTxes uqmnida;
• saqarTvelos teritoria rogorc brinjaos, ise rkinis warmoebis TvalsazrisiT, imdroindeli
msoflios mowinave regioni iyo;
• Zveli aRmosavleTis qveynebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia monumenturi arqiteqtura;
• brinjaos xanaSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovrebi xalxi TavianT mmarTvelebs yorRanebSi
marxavda;
• ZvelaRmosavlur periodSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebul saxelmwifoebriv gaerTianebebs
(diaoxi, kolxa da sxva) intensiuri urTieroba hqondaT Zveli msoflios mowinave xalxebTan.

III Tavis mkvidri warmodgenebi:

• antikur xanaSi politikuri da kulturuli TvalsazrisiT wamyvani poziciebi berZnebsa da ro-
maelebs ekavaT; maTi civilizacia Tanamedroveobazec axdens gavlenas;
• antikur xanaSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovreb mosaxleobas mWidro urTierToba hqonda
imdroindeli msoflios mowinave xalxebTan: berZnebTan, romelebTan da sparselebTan;
• kolxeTi farTodaa asaxuli berZnul miTologiaSi, berZeni da romaeli avtorebis TxzulebebSi;
• kolxeTSi msoflioSi erT-erTi uZvelesi moneta _ kolxuri TeTri iWreboda;
• Zveli saberZneTi ar iyo erTiani saxelmwifo. igi damoukidebeli qalaq-saxelmwifoebisgan _
polisebisgan Sedgeboda;
• antikur xanaSi farTod iyenebdnen monebis Sromas;
• antikur xanaSi aRmosavluri da dasavluri/xmelTaSuazRvispiruli saxelmwifoebi upirispir-
deboda erTmaneTs; aleqsandre makedonelis moRvaweobam maTi kulturebis Serwymas (elinizms)
daudo safuZveli;
• aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi pirveli saxelmwifo (qarTli) aleqsandre makedonelis laSqrobis Sem-
dgom warmoiqmna;
• romis imperia mTel xmelTaSuazRvispireTs moicavda;

10
 • legioni romis saxelmwifos samxedro Zlierebis safuZvels warmoadgenda;
• romauli sazogadoeba ori ZiriTadi fenisgan _ patriciebisa da plebeebisgan Sedgeboda;
• qarTlis samefo romis „megobari da mokavSire“ saxelmwifo iyo;
• romauli samarTali da mmarTvelobis sistema safuZvlad udevs Tanamedrove evropul/dasavlur
samarTalsa da mmarTvelobis sistemas;
• imperator konstantines droidan romSi qristianoba mTavar religiad iqca;
• gvianantikur xanaSi xSiri iyo saeklesio ganxeTqilebebi (magaliTad, monofizitebsa da di-
ofizitebs Soris); sadavo sakiTxebi msoflio saeklesio krebebze wydeboda;
• romis imperia germanuli tomebis Semosevebis Sedegad daeca. Sua saukuneebs romis imperiis dace-
mis Semdgom periods uwodeben;
• momTabareebis SesaCereblad kavkasiis uReltexilebis gamagrebas bizantiisa da sparseTisTvis
strategiuli mniSvneloba hqonda; es saerTaSoriso politikaSi qarTuli saxelwifoebis (qarTli,
egrisi) rolis zrdas ganapirobebda.
qvemoT gTavazobT Cveni saxelmZRvanelos miznebis, samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTebis,
Sefasebis indikatorebisa da Sedegebis sqemas paragrafebis mixedviT.

11
# gakveTilis Tavi, paragrafi/ samizne cnebasTan Sefasebis e.s.g.-s
sakvanZo kiTxva Tematuri cnebis indikatorebi Sedegebi
mizani/miznebi mimarTebas
1 istorias sxva­ Tavi 1. preisto- istoriuli istoriisTvis dama­ ist. sab. 2.
dasxva tipis ria/qvis xana. mecniereba: dro _ xasiaTebeli arsebiTi
(nivTieri, cvalebadoba, sazo­ niSnebis gamokveTa. ist. sab. 7.
paragrafi 1. ra
we­ri­­­lo­biTi, aris istoria, ro- gadoeba _ ekonomika,
ist. sab. 10.
vi­­zua­luri da gor gavigoT Cveni kultura; wyaro _
a. S.) wya­roebis warsulis Sesaxeb? faqti/interpreta­
saSu­a­lebiT cia.
vswav­lobT.
2 preistoriuli paragrafi 2. preistoriuli epoqa: a) preistoriis­Tvis ist. sab. 1.
epoqis Sesaxeb rogor ikvleven dro _ cvalebadoba, da­maxasiaTebeli
informaci­ preistoriul aTaswleuli; sivrce arsebi­Ti niSnebis ist. sab. 3.
is mopoveba warsuls, rogori _ kontinenti (af­ gamokveTa.
ist. sab. 5.
arqeologiuri iyo uZvelesi ada- rika, evropa, azia),
da eTnografi­ miani? regioni(kavkasia), b) arqeologiuri da
ulimasaliT saqarTvelo; wyaro, eTnografiuli mo-
xdeba istoriuli kvleva nacemebis safuZvelze
_ pirveladi, faqti/ qvis xanis movlenebis
interpretacia Seswavla-interpte-
tireba.
3 qvis xanis paragrafi 3. ro- qvis xana: dro _ a) Zveli qvis xanisT- ist. sab. 1.
pirveli ori gori iyo pirvel­ istoriuli periodi, vis damaxasiaTebeli
periodis yofili adamianis aTaswleuli; sivrce arsebiTi niSnebis ist. sab. 2.
(paleoliTi, yofa-cxovreba da - kavkasia, saqar­ (jogi, Semgrove-
ist. sab. 3.
mezoliTi) saqmianoba qvis Tvelo; sazogadoeba bloba-monadireoba)
ZiriTadi maxa­ xanaSi? ra gavlena _ socialuri fena, gamokveTa.
siaTeblebia moaxdina didma ekonomika
_ qvis, xis da gamyinvarebam uZ- b) arqeologiuri da
Zvlis iaraRi, veles adamianze? wyaro, istoriuli eTnografiuli mo-
jogi, cecxlis kvleva _pirveladi da nacemebis safuZvelze
gamoyeneba meoradi wyaro, faq­ qvis xanis movlenebis
ti/interpretacia Seswavla-interpte-
tireba.
4 pirvelyofil paragrafi 4. gvarovnuli Temi: a) Zveli qvis xanis­ ist. sab. 4.
sazogadoebis rogor Seiqmna sazogadoeba _ Tvis damaxasiaTebeli
socialurima­ gvarovnuli ekonomika (Sromis arsebiTi niSnebis ist. sab. 6.
xasiaTeblebia danawi­leba); wyaro _ (jogi, Semgrove-
sazogadoeba? bloba-monadireoba) ist. sab. 8.
_ ojaxi, gvari, meoradi
Temi. gamokveTa.

b) arqeologiuri da
eTnografiuli mo-
nacemebis safuZvelze
qvis xanis movlenebis
Seswavla-interpte-
tireba.

12
5 paleoliTe­ paragrafi 5. ro- paleoliTeli ada­ a) Zveli qvis xanis­ ist. sab. 2.
li adamianis gor miani: Tvis damaxasiaTebeli
saqmianobis da arsebiTi niSnebis ist. sab. 8.
ritualebis aRiqvamda uZve- sivrce _ kontinenti (jogi, Semgrove-
lesi adamiani (evropa, avstra­ bloba-monadireoba) ist. sab. 9.
Sesaxeb amaTive
naxatebi da samyaros? _ ras- lia); sazogadoeba _ gamokveTa.
eTnografi­ mogviTxrobs ekonomika (nadiroba,
uli wyaroebi Semgro­vebloba), b) arqeologiuri da
paleoliTuri kultura (naxatebi), eTnografiuli mo-
mogviTxroben
mRvimeebis kedlis religia (rituali), nacemebis safuZvelze
mxatvroba? wyaro, istoriuli qvis xanis movlenebis
kvleva _ pirveladi Seswavla-interpte-
wyaro, faqti/inter­ tireba.
pretacia
6 pirvelyofil paragrafi 6. risi pirvelyofili ada­ a) Zveli qvis xanis­ ist. sab. 2.
sazogadoeba­ swamda da sjero- miani: Tvis damaxasiaTebeli
Si (maT Soris da pirvelyofil arsebiTi niSnebis ist. sab. 8.
saqarTvelos adamians? sivrce _ kontinenti (jogi, Semgroveblo­
(evropa, avstralia), ba-monadireoba) ist. sab. 11.
teritoriaze)
gavrcelebu­ regioni (kavkasia), gamokveTa.
li religiuri saqarTvelo; sazoga­
rwmena _ war­ doeba _ religia; b) arqeologiuri da
modgenebia _ eTnografiuli mo-
wyaro, istoriuli nacemebis safuZvelze
magia, animizmi,
kvleva _pirveladi qvis xanis movlenebis
totemizmi
wyaro, faqti/inter­ Seswavla-interpte-
pretacia tireba.

g)pirvelyofili
sazogadoebis (mso-
flmxedveloba) Tana-
medrove sazogadoe-
basTan Sedareba.
7 axali qvis paragrafi 7. ra- „neoliTuri revo­ a) „neoliTuri revo- ist. sab. 3.
xanis, neoli- tom lucia“: luciis“ damaxasiaTe-
Tis ZiriTadi beli arsebiTi niSne- ist. sab. 4.
maxa­siaTebelia ixseneben miwaT- dro _ epoqa, cvale­ bis gamokveTa
„revo­lucia“. moqmedebisa da badoba;
„neo­liTuri mesaqonleobis b) arqeologiuri da
revo­lucia“ gaCenas kacobri- sivrce _ evropa, eTnografiuli mo-
gulis­xmobs obis azia; sazogadoeba _ nacemebis safuZvelze
miwaTmoqme­ ekonomika (miwaTmoq­ qvis xanis movlenebis
debis da mesa­ istoriaSi pir- medeba, mesaqonleo­ Seswavla-interpte-
qonleobis vel irevoluciis ba, sameTuneo Carxi) tireba.
gan­viTarebas, saxeliT?
sa­me­Tuneo Car­
xis gamogonebas.

13
8 adresamiwaTmo­ paragrafi 8. ro- neoliTuri dasax­ a) „neoliTuri revo- ist. sab. 4.
qmedo dasaxle­ gori iyo neoli- leba: luciis“ damaxasiaTe-
bebis (Sulaveri Turi beli arsebiTi niSne- ist. sab. 7.
da ieriqoni) sivrce _ azia, saqa­ bis gamokveTa
maxasiaTe­ sofeli? ratom rTvelo;
blebia _ qvis an iTvleba saqar­ b) arqeologiuri da
Tvelo miwaTmoq- sazogadoeba _ eTnografiuli mo-
Tixis galavani,
medebisa da meRvi- ekonomika (miwaTmoq­ nacemebis safuZvelze
gamouwvavi agu­
neobis erT-erT medeba, mesaqonleo­ qvis xanis movlenebis
riT _ aliziT
uZveles kerad? ba, nadiroba, xelos­ Seswavla-interpte-
nagebi saxlebi,
noba, arqiteqtura); tireba
samiwaTmoq­
wyaro, istoriuli
medo raioni.
kvleva _ pirveladi
saqarTvelo mi­
wyaro, faqti/inter­
waTmoqmedebis
pretacia
da meRvineobis
erT-erTi keraa
9-12 qvis xanisTvis Semajamebeli dro _ cvalebadoba. a) qvis xanisTvis / ist. sab. 1.
damaxasiaTe­ samuSao preistoriuli peri­ preistoriisTvis
beli arsebiTi odi (qvis xana), epoqa; damaxasiaTebeli ist. sab. 2.
niSnebia _ arsebiTi niSnebis
sivrce _kavkasia, (gvarovnuli Temi, ist. sab. 3.
a. Zveli da Sua
qvis xanaSi - saqarTvelo; magia, meurneoba
ist. sab. 4.
Semgroveblo­ (Semgrovebloba-mona-
sazogadoeba-ekono­ direoba, miwaTmoq-
ba (nadiroba, ist. sab. 5.
mika (Semgrovebloba, medeba-mesaqonleoba))
Tevzaoba,
miwaTmoqmedeba-me­ gamokveTa. ist. sab. 7.
sakvebis Seg­
saqonleoba, saSeni
roveba); b. ax­
masala, samuSao da b) arqeologiuri da ist. sab. 8
ali qvis xanaSi,
sabrZolo iaraRi...), eTnografiuli mo-
neoliTSi _ ist. sab. 9.
religia (magia, ana­ nacemebis safuZvelze
miwaTmoqmede-
mizmi, totemiz­mi _ qvis xanis movlenebis
ba-mesaqon-
ritualuri nivTebi, Seswavla-interpte-
leoba, same­
naxatebi), wyaro _ tireba.
Tuneo Carxis
pirveladi meoradi;
gamogoneba;.
istoriuli kvleva _
saqarTvelo mi­
faqti/interpreta­
waTmoqmedebis,
cia
mevenaxeobis
erT-erTi uZve­
lesi keraa.
13 brinjaos xani­ Tavi 2. brinjaos adre brinjaos xana: a) saqarTvelos ist. sab. 2.
saTvis damax­ xana/Zveli aRmo- terito- riaze adre
asiaTebelia savleTi. dro _aTaswleuli; brinjaos xanis sazo- ist. sab. 4.
metalurgiis sivrce _ evropa, gadoebis daxasiaTeba
paragrafi 9. ra azia, kavkasia, saqa­ ist. sab. 6.
ganviTareba;
Seicvala liTonis rTvelo; sazoga­ b)brinjaos xanisT-
saqarTveloSi aRmoCeniT? doeba _ ekonomika vis damaxasiaTebeli
gavrcele­ (metalurgia), arsebiTi niSnebis
buli adre religia _ rituali gamokveTa
brinjaos xanis (dakrZalvis wesi);
mtkvar-araq­ wyaro, istoriuli
sis kulturis kvleva _ pirveladi
monacemebis sa­ wyaro, faqti/inter­
fuZvelze adre pretacia
brinjaos xanis
sazogadoebis
daxasiaTebas

14
14 brinjaos xani­ paragrafi 9. ra adre brinjaos xana: a) saqarTvelos ist. sab. 2.
saTvis dama­ Seicvala liTonis terito- riaze adre
xasiaTebelia aRmoCeniT? dro _ aTaswleu­ brinjaos xanis sazo- ist. sab. 4.
metalurgiis li; sivrce _ evro­ gadoebis daxasiaTeba
pa, azia, kavkasia, ist. sab. 6.
ganviTareba;
saqarTvelo; sazo­ b)brinjaos xanis­
saqarTveloSi gadoeba _ ekono­ Tvis damaxasiaTebeli
gavrcele­ mika (metalurgia), arsebiTi niSnebis
buli adre religia _ rituali gamokveTa
brinjaos xanis (dakrZalvis wesi);
mtkvar-araq­ wyaro, istoriuli
sis kulturis kvleva _ pirveladi
monacemebis sa­ wyaro, faqti/inter­
fuZvelze adre pretacia
brinjaos xanis
sazogadoebis
daxasiaTebas
15 liTonis paragrafi 10. ro- liTonis iaraRi: a) brinjaos xanis ist. sab. 1.
iaraRis ga­ gorda sazogadoeba _ sazo-gadoebis daxas-
mogonebam xeli socialuri fena, iaTeba ist. sab. 4.
Seuwyo ufro ratommividnen- ekonomika _ zedmeti
adamianebiqone- b) brinjaos xanisT- ist. sab. 6.
didi terito­ produqti, nadavlis
riis damuSave­ brivuTanaswo- ganawileba vis damaxasiaTebeli
arsebiTi niSnebis ist. sab. 7.
bas da zedmeti robamde?
produqtis, gamokveTa
adamianTa
ufro didi
gaerTianebis _
tomebis Seq­
mnas;

zedmeti
produqtis
dagrovebam
gamoiwvia omebi
da Sesabamisad
axali social­
uri fenis,
tomis beladis
da misi meomre­
bis gamdidreba.
15 Sua brinjaos paragrafi 11. Sua brinjaos xana: a) saqarTvelos teri- ist. sab. 2.
xanis yor­ ratom dro _ aTaswleuli, toriaze adre brin-
RanebSi gamov­ sazogadoeba _ soci­ jaos xanis sazoga- ist. sab. 4.
lenili nivTebi agebdnen yor- aluri fena (beladi, doebis daxasiaTeba
Ranebs? ist. sab. 9.
am sazogadoe­ meomari), religia _
bis qonebriv dakrZalvis ritua­ b) brinjaos xanisT-
vis damaxasiaTebeli ist. sab. 11.
uTanasworoba­ li, wyaro, istori­
ze metyvelebs uli kvleva _ pirve­ arsebiTi niSnebis
ladi wyaro, faqti/ gamokveTa
interpretacia

15
16 Zveli aRmosav­ paragrafi 12.ro- Zveli aRmosavle­ a) saqarTvelos teri­ ist. sab. 2.
leTis pirveli gor wavida pirve- Ti: dro _ Zveli toriaze brinjaos
civilizaciebi lyofili sazoga- welTaRricx­ xanis arqeologi- ist. sab. 7.
didi mdina­ doeba va, aTaswleuli, uri kul-turebisa
da lursmuli fir- ist. sab. 9.
reebis auzSi saukune, epoqa;
Seiqmna, radgan civilizaciisken fitebis monacemebis
aq sarwyavi - ratom gaCnda sivrce _azia, afrika, safuZvelze ZvelaR-
mowaTmoqmede­ pirveli saxelmwi- saqarTvelo; sazoga­ mosavluri periodis/
ba ganviTarda. foebi mdinareebis doeba _ socialuri brinjaos xanis sazo-
fena (beladi, quru­ gadoebis daxasiaTeba.
piras? mi, mefe); Zalau­
fleba _ saxelmwifo b) ZvelaRmosavluri
(samefo). sazogadoebis (so-
cia-luri fenebi,
saxelmwifo mowyo-
ba, samarTlebrivi
azrovneba (kanonebi),
meurneobis forme-
bi, religia da mso-
fl-mxedveloba)
Tanamedrove da/an
sxva istoriuli epo-
qis sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba
17 Zveli aRmosav­ paragrafi 13. ro- Zveli aRmosavleTi a) ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 2.
leTis saxelm­ gor imarTeboda (egvipte): periodisTvis xanis­
wifos (egvipte) saxelmwifo? Tvis damaxasiaTebeli ist. sab. 4.
maxasiaTebeli­ dro _ Zveli wel­ arsebiTi niSnebis
TaRricxva; (damwerloba, saxel- ist. sab. 7.
ateritoria,
mefe-fara­ sivrce _ afrika mwifoebrioba, re-
oni, samoxe­ saqarTvelo; sazoga­ ligiuri sistemebi,
leo aparati, doeba _ socialuri „kompleqsuri sazoga-
socialuri fena (mefe, faraoni, doeba~) gamokveTa
diferencia­ qurumi, moxele, me­
cia, religia, Teme, mona); religia b) damwerlobisa da
damwerloba _ qurumi, RvTaeba; saxelmwifo insti-
Zalaufleba _ saxel­ tutebis warmoqmnis
mwifo (samefo). mizezebze msjeloba;
saxelmwifos warmoqm-
niT gamowveuli komp-
leqsuri cvlilebebis
daxasiaTeba da sxva
istoriul movlen-
ebTan maTi Sedareba

16
18 Zveli aRmosav- paragrafi 14. aris Zveli aRmosavleTi a) ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 2.
leTis saxel- Tu ara kanonebi (SuamdinareTi): dro periodisTvis damax-
mwifoebSi, _ Zveli welTaR­ asiaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 4.
konkretulad aucilebeli ricxva; niSnebis (damwerloba,
babilonSi saxelmwifos arse- saxelmwifoebrioba, ist. sab. 6.
kanonoT ar bobisTvis? sivrce _ azia; sazo­ religiuri sistemebi,
ist. sab. 7.
iyo daculi gadoeba _ socialu­ „kompleqsuri sazoga-
socialuri ri fenebi, kanonebi; doeba’’) gamokveTa
samarTlianoba Zalaufleba _ saxel­
da genderuli mwifo (samefo). b) ZvelaRmosavlu-
Tanasworoba. ri sazogadoebis
(socialuri fenebi,
saxelmwifo mowyo-
ba, samarTlebrivi
azrovneba (kanone-
bi), meurneobis
formebi, religia da
msoflmxedveloba)
Tanamedrove da/an
sxva istoriuli epo-
qis sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba

g) damwerlobisa da
saxelmwifo insti-
tutebis warmoqmnis
mizezebze msjeloba;
saxelmwifos warmoqm-
niT gamowveuli komp-
leqsuri cvlilebebis
daxasiaTeba
19 diaoxSi asure­ paragrafi 15. ro- diaoxi: dro _ Zve­ a)ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 1.
Tis da ura­ gor urTierTobda li welTaRricxva; periodisTvis damax-
trus mefeebi sivrce _ kavkasiis asiaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 2.
laSqrobdnen; diaoxi Zvel regioni, saqarT­ niSnebis (damwerloba,
aRmosavlur saxelmwifoebrioba, ist. sab. 7.
maTi lursmu­ velo; saogadeo­
li warwere­ qveynebTan? ba _ socialuri religiuri sistemebi,
bidan vgebu­ fenebi, ekonomika „kompleqsuri sazoga-
lobT diaoxSi (resursebi), wyaro, doeba’’) gamokveTa.
arsebuli bune­ istoriuli kvleva _
brivi resurse­ pirveladi wyaroebi b) ZvelaRmosavluri
bis da meurne­ (lursmuli warwer­ sazogadoebis (so-
obis dargebis ebi, berZnuli miTi), cia-luri fenebi,
Taobaze. faqti/interpreta­ saxelmwifo mowyo-
cia ba, samarTlebrivi
azrovneba (kanonebi),
meurneobis forme-
bi, religia da mso-
fl-mxedveloba)
Tanamedrove da/an
sxva istoriuli epo-
qis sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba.

17
20. kolxas Sesaxe­ paragrafi 16. ro- kolxa: dro _ Zve­ a)ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 1.
buratruli gor da visTan li welTaRricxva; periodisTvis damax-
lursmuli sivrce _ kavkasiis asiaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 2.
war­werebi da urTierTobda regioni, saqarTve­ niSnebis (damwerloba,
kolxa? saxelmwifoebrioba, ist. sab. 7.
berZnuli miTi lo; saogadeoba-so­
argonavtebis cialuri fenebi, religiuri sistemebi,
Sesaxeb mogviT­ ekonomika (resurse­ „kompleqsuri sazoga-
xrobs; am bi), wyaro, istori­ doeba~) gamokveTa.
wya­roebidan uli kvleva _ pir­
vge­bulobT veladi da meoradi b) ZvelaRmosavlu-
kol­­xaSiSi ar­se­ wyaroebi (lursmuli ri sazogadoebis
bu­li bunebrivi warwerebi, berZnuli (socialuri fenebi,
resursebis da miTi), faqti/inter­ saxelmwifo mowyo-
meurneobis dar­ pretacia ba, samarTlebrivi
gebis Taobaze. azrovneba (kanone-
bi), meurneobis
momTabare formebi, religia da
skvi­­Tebis da msoflmxedveloba)
kime­­rielebis Tanamedrove da/an
Semo­­sevebma sxva istoriuli epo-
di­di ziani qis sazogadoebasTan
mi­a­­yena Zveli Sedareba.
aR­mo­savleTis
qvey­­nebisTvis,
kol­­xasTvis
ki damangreve­
li aRmoCnda
qveynebis.
21 Zveli aRmosav­ paragrafi 17. aqe- aqemeninTa sparseTi: a) ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 2.
leTis saxel­ menianTa sparseTi periodisTvis damax-
mwifoebis _ dro _ Zveli wel­ asiaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 4.
da xalxebis TaRricxva; sivrce _ niSnebis (damwerloba,
pirveli saxmele- azia, afrika; sazoga­ saxelmwifoebrioba, ist. sab. 7.
dap­yrobis,
adminis­ To imperia? doeba _ socialuri religiuri sistemebi,
ist. sab. 9.
traciuli, fenebi; religia _ „kompleqsuri sazoga-
saxelmwifo zoroastrizmi; Za­ doeba“) gamokveTa. ist. sab. 11.
mmarTvelo­ laufleba _ saxel­
bis, samxedro mwifo (imperia); b) ZvelaRmosavluri
da religiuri istoriuli kvleva _ sazogadoebis (so­ci­a­­
reformebis ga­ faqti/interpreta­ luri fenebi, sa­xel­
tarebis Sede­ cia mwi­fo mowyoba, samar­
gad aqemeninTa T­leb­­rivi azrovneba
sparseTi Zveli (ka­­nonebi), meurneobis
aRmosavleTis for­mebi, religia da
pirveli sax­ msof­­lmxedveloba) sxva
meleTo impe­ is­toriuli epoqis sa­zo­­­
ria gaxda. gadoebasTan Sedareba

g) damwerlobisa da
saxelmwifo insti-
tutebis warmoqmnis
mizezebze msjeloba;
saxelmwifos warmoq­
mniT gamowveuli komp-
leqsuri cvlilebebis
daxasiaTeba da sxva
istoriul movleneb­
Tan maTi Sedareba.
18
22 ramdenime paragrafi 18. aqemeninTa sparseTi, a) ZvelaRmosavlu- ist. sab. 1.
qarTveluri rogor aRmoCndnen qarTveluri tomebi: ri sazogadoebis
tomi aqemenian­ qarTveluri dro _ Zveli wel­ (socialuri fenebi, ist. sab. 2.
Ta sparseTis TaRricxva; sivrce- saxelmwifo mowyo-
tomebi aqemenianTa azia, kavkasia, ba, samarTlebrivi ist. sab. 4.
or satrapiaSi
cxovrobda, sparseTis Semad- saqarTvelo; sazo­ azrovneba (kanone-
ist. sab. 8.
xolo kolxebi genlobaSi? gadoeba _ social­ bi), meurneobis
am saxelmwi­ uri fenebi, eTnosi, formebi, religia da
foze damok­ gadasaxadebi; Zalau­ msoflmxedveloba)
idebuli xalxi fleba _ saxelmwifo Tanamedrove da/an
iyo. isini (imperia); istori­ sxva istoriuli epo-
sxvadasxva uli kvleva _ faqti/ qis sazogadoebasTan
raodenobis interpretacia Sedareba.
gadasaxads
ixdidnen.
23 Zveli aRmosav­ paragrafi 19. Zveli aRmosavleTi: a) ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 1.
leTis qveyneb­ ratom aris mniS- dro _ Zveli wel­ periodisTvis damax-
Si mmarTve­ vnelovani ,,vimog- TaRricxva; asiaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 4.
lobis forma zauroT niSnebis (damwerloba,
sivrce _ aegvipte, saxelmwifoebrioba, ist. sab. 7.
gansxvavebuli
iyo, iyenebd­ Zvel aRmosavleT- SuamdinareTi; sazo­ religiuri sistemebi,
ist. sab. 8.
nen sxvadasxva Si’’? gadoeba _ socialu­ „kompleqsuri sazoga-
damwerlobas, ri fenebi, kanonebi, doeba~) gamokveTa
kanonebi da ga­ msoflmxedvelo­
naTlebis site­ ba. Zalaufleba _ b) ZvelaRmosavlu-
ma mowesrige­ saxelmwifo (samefo). ri sazogadoebis
bili iyo, am istoriuli kvleva _ (socialuri fenebi,
qveynebisTvis faqti/interpreta­ saxelmwifo mowyo-
damaxasiaTebe­ cia. ba, samarTlebrivi
lia sxvadasxva azrovneba (kanone-
religia da bi), meurneobis
monumenturi formebi, religia da
arqiteqtura. msoflmxedveloba)
Tanamedrove da/an
sxva istoriuli epo-
qis sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba

g) damwerlobisa da
saxelmwifo insti-
tutebis warmoqmnis
mizezebze msjeloba;
saxelmwifos warmoq­
mniT gamowveuli
kompleqsuri cvli-
lebebis daxasiaTeba
da sxva istoriul
movlenebTan maTi
Sedareba.

19
24- egviptis/Sua­ Semajamebeli Zveli aRmosavleTi: a) ZvelaRmosavluri ist. sab. 1.
27 mdinareTis davaleba dro _ Zveli wel­ periodisTvis dama­
sazogadoebis TaRricxva; xasiaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 3.
modelireba im niSnebis (damwerloba,
sivrce _ egvipte, saxelmwifoebrioba, ist. sab. 4.
epoqaSi mcx­
ovrebi adami­ SuamdinareTi saqa­ religiuri sistemebi,
ist. sab. 7.
anis TvaliT. rTvelo; sazoga­ „kompleqsuri sazoga-
doeba _ socialuri doeba~) gamokveTa ist. sab. 8.
fenebi, kanonebi,
msoflmxedvelo­ b) ZvelaRmosavlu-
ba. Zalaufleba _ ri sazogadoebis
saxelmwifo (samefo). (socialuri fenebi,
istoriuli kvleva _ saxelmwifo mowyo-
faqti/interpreta­ ba, samarTlebrivi
cia. azrovneba (kanone-
bi), meurneobis
formebi, religia da
msoflmxedveloba)
Tanamedrove da/an
sxva istoriuli epo-
qis sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba.
28 berZnebis mier Tavi3. antikuri berZnuli samyaro a) arqeologiuri, ist. sab. 1.
kolxeTis da gvianantikuri _ kolxeTi: dro _ miTologiuri da ber-
sanapiroze xana. qveTavi a. Zveli welTaRricx­ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 2.
daarsebuli saqarTvelo da va; sivrce _ xmel­ cnobebis safuZvelze
koloniebis garesamyaro TaSuazRvispireTi, antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 4.
funqciis saqarTvelo; bis daxasiaTeba
gansazRvra da elinur-elinis-
berZnul-qar­ turp eriodSi. sazogadoeba _ b) antikuri xanisTvis
Tuli savaWro socialuri fenebi damaxasiaTebeli arse-
paragrafi 20. (vaWrebi, xelosnebi); biTi niSnebis (savaW-
sferoebisa da
rogor da ratom wyaro, istoriuli ro urTierTobebi,
interesebis
daaarses kvleva _ pirveladi, migraciuli procese-
gamokveTa
faqti/interpreta­ bi) gamokveTa
berZnebma qalaqebi
cia
kolxeTis sanap- g)berZnuli kolo-
iroze? niza-ciis Sedegad
gamowveuli cvli-
lebebis daxasiaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi
zegavlenis gaanali-
zeba; maTi sxva isto-
riul movlenebTan
Sedareba.

20
29 berZnuli 21. rogori iyo berZnuli samyaro: a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 1.
kolonizaciis berZnuli To-logiuri da ber-
Sedegebis Se­ dro _ Zveli wel­ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 2.
faseba; berZnu­ samyaro da ratom TaRricxva; sivrce cnobebis safuZvelze
daiwyes berZnebma _ xmelTaSuaz­ antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 4.
li qalaqebis
saxelmwifo farTomasStabiani RvispireTi, saqarT­ bis daxasiaTeba
ist. sab. 9.
mowyobis gan­ zRvaosnoba? velo;
sazRvra. b) antikuri xanisT-
ist. sab.
sazogadoeba _ so­ vis damaxasiaTebeli
11. T.
cialuri fenebi (mo­ arsebiTi niSnebis
qalaqeebi _ vaWrebi, (savaWro urTierTo-
xelosnebi, monebi); bebi, migra-ciuli
procesebi) gamo-kveTa
Zalaufleba _ qalaq
_ saxelmwifoebi, g) antikuri sazoga-
polisebi; wyaro, doebis (socialuri
istoriuli kvleva fenebi, saxelmwifo
_ pirveladi, faqti/ mowyoba da mso-
interpretacia flmxedveloba) sxva
istoriuli epoqis
sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba

d)berZnuli kolo-
ni-zaciis Sedegad
gamowve-uli cvli-
lebebis daxa-siaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi
zegavlenis gaaanali-
zeba; maTi sxva isto-
riul movlenebTan
Sedareba.
30 uZvelesi 22. rogori iyo berZnuli samyaro: a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 1.
droidan pirveli fuli da To-logiuri da ber-
savaWro urT­ riT gansxvavdebo- dro _ Zveli wel­ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 2.
ierTobebis da is TaRricxva; sivrce cnobebis safuZvelze
_ xmelTaSuazR­ antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 8.
dros gacvlis
elementebis Tanamedrove vispireTi, saqar­ bis daxasiaTeba
ist. sab. 9.
gamoyofa da fulisgan? Tvelo;
pirveli mon­ b) antikuri xanisTvis
ist. sab. 10.
sazogadoeba _ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
etis berZnul
socialuri fenebi biTi niSnebis (savaW-
samyaroSi da
(vaWrebi), ekonomika ro urTierTobebi,
masTan axlos
(samoneto mimoqce­ migraciuli procese-
mdgom re­
va); bi) gamokveTa
gionebSi moW­
ris mizezebis Zalaufleba _ qa­ g)berZnuli kolo-
gansazRvra. laq-saxelmwifoebi, nizaciis Sedegad
polisebi; wyaro, gamowveuli cvli-
istoriuli kvleva lebebis daxasiaTeba;
_ pirveladi, faqti/ saqarTveloze maTi
interpretacia zegavlenis gaaanali-
zeba. maTi sxva isto-
riul movlenebTan
Sedareba.

21
31 berZnuli 23. ras warmoad- berZnuli samyaro: a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 1.
civilizaciis gens berZnuli To-logiuri da ber-
Semadgenel civilizaciis dro _ epoqa, istori­ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 4.
aspeqtebis uli periodi; cnobebis safuZvelze
memkvidreoba? antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 10.
gansazRvra;
gakveTili1 sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ bis daxasiaTeba.
maSindeli ist. sab. 11.
zRvispireTi, saqa­
msofliosa da
rTvelo; b) antikuri xanisTvis
Tanamedrove ist. sab. 12.
samyaroze damaxasiaTebeli arse-
sazogadoeba _ biTi niSnebis (mmarT-
berZnuli socialuri fenebi
civilizaciis velobis formebi,
(moqalaqeebi, mone­ qalaqebi, savaWro
gavlenisa da am bi), kultura (ar­
gavlenis Sede­ urTierTobebi, re-
qiteqtura, Teatri, ligiebi, migra­ciuli
gebis Sefaseba. mecniereba, sporti), procesebi) gamokveTa.
religia,
g) antikuri sazoga-
Zalaufleba _ qa­ doebis (socialuri
laq-saxelmwifoebi, fenebi, saxelmwifo
polisebi, demokra­ mowyoba da msofl­
tia, oligarqia; mxed­veloba) sxva
wyaro, istoriuli istoriuli epoqis
kvleva _ pirveladi, sa­zogadoebasTan Se-
faqti/interpreta­ dareba.
cia
d)berZnuli kolo­
nizaciis Sedegad
gamowveuli cvli-
lebebis daxasiaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi
zegavlenis gaaanali-
zeba; maTi sxva isto-
riul movlenebTan
Sedareba.

22
32 Zveli ber­ 24. ras warmoad- berZnuli samyaro: a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 1.
Znebis mier gens berZnuli To-logiuri da ber-
msoflios Svi­ civilizaciis dro _ epoqa, istori­ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 4.
di saocrebis uli periodi; cnobebis safuZvelze
memkvidreoba? antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 10.
gamoyofis gakveTili2 sivrce _ afrika, bis daxasiaTeba.
azia,xmelTaSua­ ist. sab. 11.
kriteriumebis
gansazRvra. zRvispireTi, saqa­ b) antikuri xanisT-
berZnuli da rTvelo; vis damaxasiaTebeli
kol- arsebiTi niSnebis
sazogadoeba _ kul­ (mmarTvelobis forme-
xuri religiu­ tura (arqiteqtura), bi, qalaqebi, savaWro
ri cent- religia (sataZro urTierTobebi, re-
qalaqebi); ligiebi, migraciuli
rebis Sedareba procesebi) gamokveTa.
wyaro, istoriuli
kvleva _ pirvela­ g) antikuri sazoga-
di, meoradi, faqti/ doebis (socialuri
interpretacia/ste­ fenebi, saxelmwifo
reotipi mowyoba da msofl­
mxedveloba) sxva
isto­riuli epoqis
sazogadoebasTan Se-
dareba.

d)berZnuli kolo-
ni-zaciis Sedegad
gamowveuli cvlile­
be­bis daxasiaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi
zegavlenis gaaanali-
zeba; maTi sxva isto-
riul movlenebTan
Sedareba.
33 berZen-spar­ 25.ratom eome- berZen-sparselTa berZen-sparselTa ist. sab. 1.
selTa omis bodnen erTmaneTs omi: dro _ Zveli omis Sedegad ga-
dawyebis mize­ xangZlivad ber- welTaRricxva; mowveuli cvlile- ist. sab. 4.
zebis gaaanli­ Znebi da sparsele- sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ bebis daxasiaTeba;
zeba; am omSi bi? zRvispireTi; sazo­ saqarTveloze maTi
qarTvelebis gadoeba _ „kul­ zegavlenis gaaanali-
monawileobis turuli sxva“; zeba.
albaTobis gan­
sazRvra; ber­ istoriuli movle­
Znuli da spar­ na _ politikuri
suli armiebis istoria; wyaro,
Sedareba da istoriuli kvleva
TiToeuli maT­ _ pirveladi, faqti/
ganis Zlieri interpretacia
da susti mxa­
reebis gamoy­
ofa.

23
34 berZen-spar­ 26. rogor daa- berZen-sparselTa a)berZen-sparselTa ist. sab. 1.
selTa omis marcxes berZnebma omi: dro _ Zveli omis Sedegad ga-
mimdinareobis sparseTis didi welTaRricxva; mowveuli cvlile- ist. sab.
gaaanlizeba da imperia? sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ bebis daxasiaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi ist. sab. 4.
omis Sedegebis zRvispireTi; is­
Sefaseba toriuli movlena zegavlenis gaaanali-
ist. sab. 6.
_ politikuri zeba;
istoria; wyaro,
istoriuli kvleva
_ pirveladi, faqti/
interpretacia
35 berZnebissamx­ 27.ras mogviTx- berZnebi, mosinikebi: berZnebis qarT- ist. sab. 1.
reT-dasavleT robs qarTvelTa dro _ Zveli wel­ velebTan urTierTo-
saqarTvelo­ winaprebze qseno- TaRricxva; sivrce bis Sedegad gamowveu- ist. sab. 2.
Si mcxovreb fontes,,anabasi- _ SavizRvispireTi; li cvlilebebis
daxasiaTeba; saqarT- ist. sab. 3.
qarTvelur si’’? sazogadoeba-tomi;
tomebTan, socialuri fena _ veloze maTi zegavle-
ist. sab. 4.
mosinikebTan, mTavari, meomari; nis gaaana-lizeba;
xalibebTan ekonomika-sxva­
urTierTobis dasxva produqti,
daxasiaTeba. rkinis warmoeba;
istoriuli movle­
na _ politikuri
istoria(omi); wyaro,
istoriuli kvleva
_ pirveladi wyaro,
faqti/interpreta­
cia.
36- TviTmxilve­ Semajamebeli berZen-sparselTa berZen-sparselTa ist. sab. 1.
39 lis TvaliT, samuSao omi: dro-Zveli omis Sedegad ga-
berZen-spa­ welTaRricxva; mowveuli cvlile- ist. sab. 3.
selTa omis sivrce-xmelTaSua­ bebis daxasiaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi ist. sab. 6
mimdinareoba­ zRvispireTi;
ze msjeloba isto­riuli movle­ zegavlenis gaaanali-
ist. sab. 8.
da qarTvelTa na-politikuri is­ zeba;
CarTulobis toria (konfliqti);
xarisxis gamoy­ wyaro, istoriuli
ofa. kvleva-pirveladi,
faqti/interpreta­
cia
40 aleqsandre 28. ratom aleqsandre make- aleqsandre makedone- ist. sab. 1.
makedonelis donelis laSqrobe- lis laSqrobebis
moRvaweobis iTvleba aleqsan- bi: dro _ Zveli Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
gaaanalizeba dre makedoneli welTaRricxva; cvlilebebis daxasi-
Zveli drois sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ aTeba; saqarTveloze ist. sab. 3.
da Sefaseba;
faqtis da in­ yvelaze did zRvispireTi, azia maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
ist. sab. 4.
terpretaciis (sparseTi); istori­ na-lizeba.
mxedarTmTavrad? uli movlena _ poli­
gansxvaveba. ist. sab. 6.
tikuri istoria
istoriaSi (konfliqti); wyaro,
pirovnebis istoriuli kvleva
rolis gansaz­ _ pirveladi, faqti/
Rvra. interpretacia

24
41 kulturaTa 28. ratom adareben aleqsandre make- aleqsandre makedone- ist. sab. 1.
dialogis,kul­ elinizms Tana- do-nelis laSqrobe- lis laSqrobebis
turuli da eT­ medrove bi: dro _ Zveli Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
nikuri mraval­ welTaRricxva; cvlilebebis daxasi-
globalizacias? sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ aTeba; saqarTveloze ist. sab. 10.
ferovnebis
mniSvnelobis zRvispireTi, azia maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
ist. sab. 11.
gamokveTa, war­ (sparseTi); na-lizeba.
sulis, awmyos
da momavalis sazogadoeba _ kul­
erTian konte­ tura da msoflmxed­
qstSi ganxilva; veloba (elinizmi);
wyaro, istoriuli
faqtis, inter­ kvleva _ pirvela­
pretaciis da di, meoradi, faqti/
stereotipis interpretaci/ste­
erTmaneTisgan reotipi
garCeva.
42 qarTlis 29. rogor Seiqmna qarTlis samefos aleqsandre makedone- ist. sab. 1.
samefos Cam­ qarTli samefo Camoyalibeba: dro _ lis laSqrobebis
oyalibebis elinistur Zveli welTaRricx­ Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
mizezebis va; saqarTvelo; cvlilebebis daxasi-
periodSi? ga- aTeba; saqarTveloze ist. sab. 6.
gaaanalizeba,
am procesSi kveTili 1 sazogadoeba _ eTno­ maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
ist. sab. 8.
elinisturi si/eri, msoflmxedv­ na-lizeba.
saxelmwifoe­ eloba (elinizmi),re­ ist. sab. 9.
bis CarTulo­ ligia., istoriuli
bis gamoyofa. kvleva _ pirveladi,
meoradifaqti/in­
terpretaciaste­
reotipi
43 qarTlis 29. rogor Seiqmna qarTlis samefos aleqsandre makedone- ist. sab. 1.
samefos Cam­ qarTlis samefo Camoyalibeba: dro _ lis laSqrobebis
oyalibebis elinistur Zveli welTaRricx­ Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
mizezebis va; sivrce _ saqarT­ cvlilebebis daxasi-
periodSi? ga- aTeba; saqarTveloze ist. sab. 6.
gaaanalizeba, velo;
am procesSi kveTili 2 maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
ist. sab. 8.
elinisturi sazogadoeba _ eTno­ na-lizeba.
saxelmwifoe­ si/eri, msoflmxedv­ ist. sab. 9.
bis CarTulo­ eloba (elinizmi),re­
bis gamoyofa. ligia; wyaro,
istoriuli kvleva _
pirveladi, meoradi­
faqti/interpreta­
cia/stereotipi

25
44 qarTlis 30. rogor moawyo qarTlis samefo: a)antikuri sazoga- ist. sab. 2.
samefoSi farnavazma qar- dro _ Zveli wel­ doebis, konkretulad
gatarebuli Tlis samefo _ TaRricxva; sivrce _ qarTlis samefos ist. sab. 3.
reformebis ratom saqarTvelo; (socialuri fenebi,
saxelmwifo mowyoba ist. sab. 4.
(administraci­
uli, religi­ sWirdeba saxelm- sazogadoeba _ da msoflmxedveloba)
ist. sab. 7.
uri, enobrivi) wifos reformebi? eTnosi/eri, mso­ sxva istoriuli epo-
daxasiaTeba da flmxedveloba qis sazogadoebasTan ist. sab. 11.
sxva saxelmwi­ (elinizmi),religia, Sedareba.
fos analogiur kultura (damwer­
reformebTan loba); Zalaufleba _ b)aleqsandre make-
Sedareba. saxelmwifo; wyaro, donelis laSqrobebis
istoriuli kvleva _ Sedegad gamowveuli
pirveladi, meoradi, cvlilebebis daxasi-
faqti/interpreta­ aTeba; saqarTveloze
ciastereotipi maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
na-lizeba.
45 romis saxelm­ qveTavi b.saqarTve- romi: dro _ a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 2.
wifos arsebo­ lo da garesamyaro Zveli welTaR­ To-logiuri da ber-
bis manZilze ricxva; sivrce _ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 3.
mmarTvelobiT romaul epoqaSi. evropa, xmelTaSua­ cnobebis safuZvelze
struqturebSi zRvispireTi (apeni­ antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 4.
31. rogor gamodis bis daxasiaTeba.
momxdar cvl­ nis n-li), saqarTve­ ist. sab. 7.
ilebebisdaxa­ asparezze romis lo;
siaTeba; romis b) antikuri xanisTvis
saxelmwifo? ist. sab. 8.
saxelmwifos sazogadoeba _ so­ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
Seqmnis dros cialuri fena (mefe, biTi niSnebis (mmarT-
misi saxelm­ patriciebi, plebee­ velobis formebi,
wifo mowyobis bi, saxalxo tri­ qalaqebi, savaWro
qarTlis same­ buni, mona), eTnosi/ urTierTobebi, re-
fos analogiur eri, Zalaufleba _ ligiebi, migraciuli
struqtur­ saxelmwifo (samefo, procesebi) gamokveTa.
asTan Sedareba. respublika); wya­ro,
istoriuli kvleva _ g) antikuri sazoga-
pirveladi, meoradi, doebis (socialuri
faqti/interpreta­ fenebi, saxelmwifo
cia mowyoba da mso-
flmxedveloba) sxva
istoriuli epoqis
sazogadoebasTan Se-
dareba.

26
46 romaulisazo­ 32. rogori iyo romi: dro _ a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 1.
gadoebis romauli sazoga- Zveli welTaR­ To-logiuri da ber-
daxasiaTeba, doeba ricxva; sivrce _ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 2.
socialuri evropa, xmelTaSua­ cnobebis safuZvelze
dakanonebi? antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 4.
fenebis gamoy­ zRvispireTi (apenin­
ofa. is n-li); sazogadoe­ bis daxasiaTeba.
ist. sab. 7.
ba _ socialuri fena
(moqalaqeebi, mona), b) antikuri xanisTvis
eTnosi/eri, Zalau­ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
fleba _ saxelmwifo; biTi niSnebis (mmarT-
wyaro, istoriuli velobis formebi,
kvleva _ pirveladi, qalaqebi, savaWro
meoradi, faqti/in­ urTierTobebi, re-
terpretacia ligiebi, migraciuli
procesebi) gamokveTa.

g) antikuri sazoga-
doebis (socialuri
fenebi, saxelmwifo
mowyoba da mso-
flmxedveloba) sxva
istoriuli epoqis
sazogadoebasTan Se-
dareba.
47 romis saxel­ 33. rogor da ra- romi: dro _ a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 2.
mwifos mier tom farTovdebo- Zveli welTaR­ To-logiuri da ber-
dapyrobili da romis saxelm- ricxva; sivrce _ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 4.
teritoriebis wifos evropa, xmelTaSua­ cnobebis safuZvelze
antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 7.
gansazRvra; zRvispireTi;
romauliarmiis sazRvrebi? sazogadoeba _ bis daxasiaTeba.
daxasiaTe­ socialuri fena (le­
ba;Tavisufali gioneri);istoriuli b) antikuri xanisTvis
da araTavisu­ movlena _ politi­ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
fali saxelm­ kuri istoria (puni­ biTi niSnebis (mmarT-
wifos cnebis kuri omebi); Zalau­ velobis formebi,
gageba. fleba _ saxelmwifo; qalaqebi, savaWro
urTierTobebi, re-
wyaro, istoriuli ligiebi, migraciuli
kvleva _ pirveladi, procesebi) gamokveTa.
faqti/interpreta­
cia g) antikuri sazoga-
doebis (socialuri
fenebi, saxelmwifo
mowyoba da mso-
flmxedveloba) sxva
istoriuli epoqis
sazogadoebasTan Se-
dareba.

d)romis msoflio im-

periad Camoyalibebis
Sedegad gamowveuli
cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba.

27
48 teritori­ 34.rogor gadaiqca romi: dro _ Zve­ a) arqeologiuri, mi- ist. sab. 1.
is zrdasTan romis respublika li welTaRricxva; To-logiuri da ber-
erTad romis romis imperiad? sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ Zeni istorikosebis ist. sab. 2.
saxlmwifo zRvispi _ reTi; cnobebis safuZvelze
antikuri sazogadoe- ist. sab. 4.
mmarTvelo­ sazogadoeba _
bis sistemis socialuri fena, bis daxasiaTeba.
ist. sab. 5.
cvlilebebis konsuli, senatori,
gaaanalize­ diqtatori; Zalau­ b) antikuri xanisTvis
ist. sab. 6.
ba. istoriaSi fleba _ saxelmwifo damaxasiaTebeli arse-
pirovnebis (demokatia-imperia); biTi niSnebis (mmarT- ist. sab. 7
rolis gansaz­ velobis formebi,
wyaro, istoriuli qalaqebi, savaWro ist. sab. 8.
Rvra
kvleva _ pirveladi, urTierTobebi, re-
faqti/interpreta­ ligiebi, migraciuli ist. sab. 12.
cia procesebi) gamokveTa.

g) antikuri sazoga-
doebis (socialuri
fenebi, saxelmwifo
mowyoba da mso-
flmxedveloba) sxva
istoriuli epoqis
sazogadoebasTan Se-
dareba.

d)romis msoflio im-

periad Camoyalibebis
Sedegad gamowveuli
cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba.
49 romis qarTl­ 35.rogor warimar- romi: dro _ Zve­ romis msoflio impe- ist. sab. 1.
Si laSqrobis Ta romis aRmo- li welTaRricxva; riad Camoyalibebis
mizezebis savlur ieqspansia sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
gansazRvra zRvispireTi, saqa­ cvlilebebis daxasi-
da ratom ilaS- ist. sab. 4.
da pompeusis rTvelo; istoriuli aTeba. saqarTveloze
lasqrobis qres romaelebma movlena _ politi­ maTi zegavlenis
ist. sab. 6.
Sedegebis Se­ qarTlSi? kuri istoria (mi­ gaaanalizeba
faseba. Tridetes omebi); ist. sab. 7.

wyaro, istoriuli ist. sab. 8.

kvleva _ pirveladi,
faqti/interpreta­
cia

28
50 samxreT kavka­ 36. rogori iyo romis imperia: dro romis msoflio impe- ist. sab.
siaSi romisa da _ axali welTaR­ riad Camoyalibebis 1.sakuTari
parTiis inter­ romisa da qarTlis ricxva; sivrce _ wina Sedegad gamowveuli
esebis gamokve­ samefos urTier- azia, saqarTvelo; cvlilebebis daxasi- ist. sab. 2.
Ta; axali Toba ax. w. pirvel istoriuli movlena aTeba. saqarTveloze
saukuneSi? maTi zegavlenis ist. sab. 4
welTaRricx­ _ politikuri isto­
vis I sauku­ ria(omi parTiasTan); gaaanalizeba
ist. sab. 6.
neSi am ori
saxelmwifos wyaro, istoriuli ist. sab. 7.
dapirispire­ kvleva _ pirveladi,
baSi qarTlis faqti/interpreta­ ist. sab. 8
samefos rolis cia
gansazRvra da
kavkasiis gad­
mosasvlelebis
mniSvnelobis
Sefaseba.
51 samxreT kavka­ 37.rogori iyo ro- romis imperia: dro romis msoflio impe- ist. sab. 1.
siaSi romisa da misa da qarTlis _ axali welTaR­ riad Camoyalibebis
parTiis inter­ samefos urTier- ricxva; sivrce _ wina Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
esebis gamokve­ Toba ax. w. meore azia, saqarTvelo; cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba. saqarTveloze ist. sab. 4.
Ta; axali istoriuli movlena
welTaRricx­ saukuneSi? _ politikuri isto­ maTi zegavlenis
ist. sab. 6.
vis II sauku­ ria (omi parTiasTan); gaaanalizeba
neSi am ori ist. sab. 7.
saxelmwifos wyaro, istoriuli
dapirispire­ kvleva _ pirvela­ ist. sab. 8.
baSi qarTlis di, mefaqti/inter­
samefos rolis pretacia
gansazRvra da
kavkasiis gad­
mosasvlelebis
or istoriaSi
pirovnebis ro­
lis Sefaseba.
52 romisa da qar­ 38.rogori iyo ro- romis imperia: dro romis msoflio impe- ist. sab. 1.
Tlis urTier­ misa da qarTlis _ axali welTaR­ riad Camoyalibebis
Tobis xasiaTis samefos urTier- ricxva; sivrce _ Sedegad gamowveuli ist. sab. 2.
gansazRvra ax. Toba ax. w. meore evropa(romi), saqa­ cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba. saqarTveloze ist. sab. 3.
w. II saukune­ rTvelo; istoriuli
Si; istoriaSi saukuneSi? me-2 movlena _ politi­ maTi zegavlenis
ist. sab. 4.
pirovnebis ro­ gakv. stumroba kuri istoria; gaaanalizeba
lis Sefaseba. romSi. ist. sab. 6.
wyaro, istoriuli
kvleva _ pirveladi, ist. sab. 7.
faqti/interpreta­
cia ist. sab. 8.

ist. sab. 9.

29
53 romauli 39. ras warmoad- romauli civi­ a) antikuri xanisTvis ist. sab. 2.
civilizaciis genda romi da ro- lizacia: dro _ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
calkeuli maxa­ gori iyo romauli istoriuli pe­ biTi niSnebis (mmarT- ist. sab. 7.
siaTeblebis yofa-cxovrebis riodi; sivrce- velobis formebi,
qalaqebi, savaWro ist. sab. 8.
gansazRvra; wesi? evropa(romi),
romaul-qar­ saqarTvelo; sazo­ urTierTobebi, re-
ist. sab. 11.
Tuli kultur­ gadoeba _ kultura, ligiebi, migraciuli
aTa dialogis msoflmxedveloba; procesebi) gamokveTa.
daxasiaTeba. wyaro, istoriuli
kvleva _ pirveladi, b) romis msoflio im-
meoradi,faqti/in­ periad Camoyalibebis
terpretacia Sedegad gamowveuli
cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba. saqarTveloze
maTi zegavlenis
gaaanalizeba.
54 Zvel romSi 40. ra religiebi romis imperia: a) antikuri xanisTvis ist. sab. 1.
gavrcelebu­ arsebobda romSi sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
li sxvadasx­ manamde darogor zRvispireTi; sazo­ biTi niSnebis (reli- ist. sab. 2.
va religiis gavrcelda gadoeba _ religia, giebi) gamokveTa.
ist. sab. 7.
daxasiaTeba; msoflmxedveloba;
pozitiurdamok­ qristianoba romis wyaro, istoriuli b) antikuri sazoga-
doebis (religia da ist. sab. 9.
idebulebis imperiaSi? kvleva _ pirveladi,
gamoxatva meoradi, faqti/in­ msoflmxedve-loba)
ist. sab. 11.
religiuri terpretacia sxva istoriuli epo-
tolerantobis qis sazogadoebasTan
mimarT. Sedareba.

g) romis msoflio im-

periad Camoyalibebis
Sedegad gamowveuli
cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba. saqarTveloze
maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
na-lizeba

55 diokletianes 41. rogor scades romis imperia: a) antikuri xanisTvis ist. sab. 1.
da konstan­ diokletianem da sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ damaxasiaTebeli arse-
tine didis zRvispireTi; sazo­ biTi niSnebis (reli- ist. sab. 2.
mier ganxor­ konstantinem gadoeba _ religia, giebi) gamokveTa.
romis imperiis ist. sab. 7.
cielebuli msoflmxedveloba;
reformebis SenarCuneba? wyaro, istoriuli b) antikuri sazoga-
doebis (religia da ist. sab. 8.
gaaanalizeba; kvleva _ pirveladi,
qristiano­ meoradi,faqti/in­ msoflmxedve-loba)
ist. sab. 11.
bis msoflio terpretacia sxva istoriuli epo-
religiad qis sazogadoebasTan
gadaqcevis Sedareba.
mizezebis gam­
g) romis msoflio im-
oyofa.
periad Camoyalibebis
Sedegad gamowveuli
cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba.

30
56 qarTlSi 42. rogor qarTlis samefo: a) gvianantikuri ist. sab. 1.
qristianobis gavrcelda sivrce _ saqarTve­ xanisTvis damaxas-
gavrcelebis lo; sazogadoeba iaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 5.
mizezebis qristianoba qarT- _ religia, mso­ niSnebis (religiebi)
lis samefoSi? gamokveTa. ist. sab. 7.
gaanalizeba flmxedveloba;
da Sedegebis wyaro, istoriuli ist. sab. 8.
Sefaseba. kvleva _ pirveladi, b) romis msoflio im-
faqti/interpreta­ periad Camoyalibebis
ist. sab. 9.
cia Sedegad gamowveuli
cvlilebebis daxasi-
aTeba. saqarTveloze
maTi zegavlenis gaaa-
na-lizeba.
57 qristianobis 43. ras warmoad- romis imperia: a) gvianantikuri ist. sab. 1.
mniSvnelovani gens qristianuli sivrce _ xmelTaSua­ xanisTvis damaxas-
movlenebis zRvispireTi; sazo­ iaTebeli arsebiTi ist. sab. 2
dajgufeba da kultura da gadoeba _ religia, niSnebis (religiebi)
ratom dasWir- gamokveTa. ist. sab. 3.
am movlenebze msoflmxedveloba;
msjeloba. daT qristianebs wyaro, istoriuli
b) romis msoflio im- ist. sab. 5.
saeklesio kvleva _ pirveladi,
krebebis faqti/interpreta­ periad Camoyalibebis
ist. sab. 6
cia Sedegad gamowveuli
mowveva? cvlilebebis daxasi- ist. sab. 7.
aTeba.
ist. sab. 8.

ist. sab. 11.

ist. sab. 12.

58 xalxTa didi 44. ratom daiwyo xalxTa didi ga­ „xalxTa didi ga- ist. sab.
gadasaxlebis da rogor dam- dasaxleba:sivrce- dasax-lebis“ Sedegad
mizezebis gaan­ Tavrda xalxTa azia, evropa; isto­ gamowve-uli cvli- ist. sab. 2.
alizeba da am didi riuli procesi _ lebebis daxasi-aTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi ist. sab. 4.
movlenis Sede­ politikuri isto­
gebis Sefaseba. gadasaxleba? ria; zegavlenis gaanali-
ist. sab. 6.
zeba.
wyaro, istoriuli ist. sab. 7.
kvleva _ pirveladi,
faqti/interpreta­ ist. sab. 8.
cia
59 III-IV saukuneeb­
45. ratom sasanianTa sparseTis sasanianTa sparseTis ist. sab.
Si samx- daupirispirdnen da romis/bizantiis da romis/bizantiis
erTmaneTs sasa- dapiripireba:sivrce- dapiripirebis Sede- ist. sab.
reT kavkasiaSi­ nuri azia, kavkasia, saqa­ gad gamowveuli cvl-
romis da rTvelo; istoriuli ilebebis daxasiaTeba; ist. sab. 3.
sparseTi da procesi _ politi­ saqarTveloze maTi
sasanianTa ist. sab. 4
bizantia? ra kuri istoria; zegavlenis gaanali-
sparseTis­ roli hqonda am zeba. ist. sab. 7.
interesebis dapirispirebaSi wyaro, istoriuli
gamoyofa; am am lazikas? kvleva _ pirveladi,
dapirispirebis faqti/interpreta­
dros qarTu­ cia
li samefoebis
rolis gansaz­
Rvra.

31
60 qarTlis 46. ra roli hqonda qarTlis samefo:­ sasanianTa sparseTis ist. sab. 1.
samefoSi V bizantia-sparse- sivrce _ saqarT­ da romis/bizantiis
saukunis meore Tis dapirispire- velo; istoriuli dapiripirebis Sede- ist. sab. 2.
naxevrsa da VI baSi qarTlis procesi _ politi­ gad gamowveuli cvl-
ilebebis daxasiaTeba; ist. sab. 3.
saukunis pir­ kuri istoria;
vel naxevarSi samefos da vax- saqarTveloze maTi
ist. sab. 4.
politikuri tanggorgasals? wyaro, istoriuli zegavlenis gaanali-
viTarebis kvleva _ pirveladi, zeba. ist. sab. 5.
daxasiaTeba da faqti/interpreta­
vaxtang gor­ cia ist. sab. 7.
gaslis moR­
vaweobis gaaan­
alizeba.
61 VI saukunis 47. ratom mim- egrisis samefo:­ sasanianTa sparseTis ist. sab. 1.
Sua xanebSi dinareobda didi sivrce _ saqarT­ da romis/bizantiis
egrisSi mim­ omianoba egrisSi? velo; istoriuli dapiripirebis Sede- ist. sab. 2.
dinare bizan­ procesi _ politi­ gad gamowveuli cvl-
ilebebis daxasiaTeba; ist. sab. 4.
tia-sparseTis kuri istoria;
dapirispire­ saqarTveloze maTi
ist. sab. 6.
bis mizezebis wyaro, istoriuli zegavlenis gaanali-
da Sedegebis kvleva _ pirveladi, zeba. ist. sab.
gaaanalizeba; faqti/interpreta­
egrisSi pro­ cia ist. sab. 8
sparsuli da da
probizan-tiu­
ri poziciebis
Sefaseba.
62- istoriaSi Semajamebeli ga- qarTlis samefo:­ sasanianTa sparseTis ist. sab. 1.
65 pirovnebis ro­ kveTili sivrce _ saqarT­ da romis/bizantiis
lis Sefaseba velo; istoriuli dapiripirebis Sede- ist. sab. 2.
procesi _ politi­ gad gamowveuli cvl-
ilebebis daxasiaTeba; ist. sab. 3.
kuri istoria;
saqarTveloze maTi
ist. sab. 4.
wyaro, istoriuli zegavlenis gaanali-
kvleva _ pirveladi, zeba. ist. sab. 6.
faqti/interpreta­
cia/streotipi ist. sab. 7.

ist. sab. 8.

32
 3.2. maswavleblis wignis mimoxilva da misi gamoyenebis wesi

maswavleblis wigni Seicavs moswavlis saxelmZRvanelos miznebs, im meTodologias, rac gamoy-

enebulia saxelmZRvanelos avtorebis mier, aseve zogierTi meTodis ganmartebas; aCvenebs standartis
SedegebTan TiToeuli paragrafis Sesabamisobas. maswavleblis wignSi warmodgenilia dagegmili ga-
kveTilebis garkveuli raodenoba. es gakveTilebi dagegmilia ise, rom aqtivobebis dros gamoyenebulia
sxvadasxva meTodi, kiTxviTi strategia. dagegmilia rogorc Cveulebrivi, mimdinare gakveTilebi, ise
Semajamebeli gakveTilebi. warmodgenilia Sefasebis sxvadasxva saxe da tipi, maTi rubrikebi. gakveTile-
bi sarekomendacio xasiaTisaa da nebismier maswavlebels SeuZlia sxvagvarad dagegmos isini. araviTar
SemTxvevaSi ar CaTvaloT, rom es gakveTilebi zustad ise unda CaataroT, rogorc am wignSia mocemuli.
Cveni saxelmZRvanelo gaZlevT saSualebas, sxvadasxva meTodi gamoiyenoT gakveTilis dagegmvisa da
Catarebis dros. maswavleblis wignSi aseve mocemulia im sarekomendacio resursebisa da literaturis
sia, rac SeiZleba gamoiyenoT.
dasawyisSive zemoT motanili sqemis Taobaze mogcemT rekomendacias. es rekomendacia gansaku-
TrebiT mniSvnelovania damwyebi maswavleblebisTvis, Tumca gamocdilebsac waadgebaT. sabazo safex-
uris sagnobrivi programiT SemoTavazebuli sqema SedarebiT axalia. amitom aq motanili miTiTebebi
yvelasTvis sasargeblo iqneba. sqemas ganvixilavT konkretul magaliTze. magaliTad movitanT I Tavis
me-2 paragrafs: rogor ikvleven preistoriul warsuls, rogori iyo uZvelesi adamiani? rogorc xe-
davT, paragrafis saTauri kiTxviTi formiTaa dasmuli da sakvanZo kiTxvac mas imeorebs (asevea yvela
paragrafSi). gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom dargis eqspertebma paragrafebis dasaTaureba am formiT gvir-
Cies, rac bevr evropul qveyanaSi miRebulia. gakveTilis mizani ganisazRvra Semdegnairad: preisto­
riuli epoqis Sesaxeb informaciis mopoveba arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli masaliT xdeba. sqemis
me-3 svetSi Cans, gakveTilis Temis cnebebi ra mimarTebaSia samizne cnebebTan. ZiriTadi Tematuri
cnebaa: preistoriuli epoqa. Sesabamisad, pirveladi wyaroebis analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom preistoriuli xana aTaswleulebis manZilze ganicdida cvlilebebs. es procesi daiwyo afrikaSi
da gagrZelda evropasa da aziaSi, pirvel rigSi, kavkasiaSi, Tanamedrove saqarTvelos teritoriaze.
am process vswavlobT arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli wyaroebis saSualebiT. es wyaroebi bevr
mniSvnelovan faqts gvawvdis preistoriuli xanis Sesaxeb. Sesabamisad, gamoyofilia samizne cnebebi:
aTaswleuli, cvalebadoba, kontinentebi: afrika, azia, evropa, regioni (kavkasia), saqarTvelo; wya­
ro, istoriuli kvleva-pirveladi, faqti/interpretacia. me-4 sveti moicavs Sefasebis indikatorebs.
Sefasebis indikatori gansazRvravs, gakveTilis bolos miaRwies Tu ara moswavleebma sagakveTilo
mizans; anu Cvens SemTxvevaSi maT unda SeZlon arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli wyaroebis daxmarebiT
preistoriisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa, qvis xanaSi mimdinare movlenebze ms-
jeloba da sakuTari mosazrebebis gamoTqma. amgvarad moswavleebi gavlen im sam Sedegze, romlebic
sqemaSia miTiTebuli.

3.3. moswavleze orientirebuli midgomebis specifika sagnis swavlebis procesSi

pirvel rigSi, unda mogaxsenoT, rom Semdgom or qveTavSi mxolod Teoriuli sakiTxebia gadmocemu-
li. Cven CavTvaleT, rom am sakiTxebis maswavleblis wignSi Setana mniSvnelovania ara mxolod damwyebi
maswavleblisTvis, aramed gamocdilisTvisac. Cven ar gvaqvs pretenzia, rom am sakiTxebs srulyofilad
ganvixilavT. wignis bolos miTiTebulia specialuri literatura, sadac Tqven SegiZliaT dawvrilebiT
gaecnoT bevr sakiTxs. aq ki mokledaa mimoxiluli imave sakiTxebis nawili, rac, Cveni azriT, gamog-
adgebaT. rac Seexeba konkretul magaliTebs, ufro qvemoT zogierT Teoriul sakiTxsa da dagegmil
gakveTilTan erTad ganvixilavT.

33
 zogadi ganaTlebis swavla-swavlebis miznebia: moswavles ganuviTaros/Camouyalibos: kulturu-
li memkvidreobis dafasebisa da masze zrunvis unari, Tanamedrove realobis sivrcul-droiT WrilSi
gaazrebisa da interpretirebis unari; enobrivi da kulturuli mravalferovnebis gaazrebisa da
dafasebis unari; sakuTari da gansxvavebuli kulturis warmomadgenlebTan/jgufebTan warmatebu-
li komunikaciis unari; informaciis sxvadasxva simboluri niSniT gamoxatvis unari; kritikuli da
SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis, problemebis gadaWrisa da kvlevis unarebi; logikuri azrovnebisa da
argumentirebuli msjelobis unari; samyaros esTetikuri aRqmis unari; sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa
da interesebis safuZvelze arCevanis gakeTebis unari; damoukidebeli gadawyvetilebebis miRebisa da
ideebis ganxorcielebis unari; profesiuli arCevanis gakeTebisa da karieris dagegmvis unari; riske-
bis gacnobierebiT garemosdacviTi problemebis gadaWris unari; axal situaciebTan, cvlad moTx-
ovnebTan adaptirebis unari; sazogadoebaSi TviTdamkvidrebis unari; sakuTar socialur aqtivoba-
ze pasuxismgeblobis gaazrebis, aseve, sxvaTa qmedebis gagebisa da gaTvaliswinebis unari; eTikuri
normebis dacvis unari; konfliqtebis araZaladobrivi meTodebiT marTvis unari; swavlis strat-
egiebis adekvaturad SerCevisa da maTi efeqtianad gamoyenebis unari; Tanamedrove teqnologiebis
gamoyenebiT informaciis moZiebis, damuSavebis, Senaxvis, gaziarebisa da gaanalizebis unari. Tumca
es unarebi moswavles uviTardeba swavlebis yvela safexuris gavlis Semdgom: mag., sakuTari kari-
eris dagegmvis unari ufro saSualo safexurze uviTardeba da aramc da aramc dawyebiT klasebSi.
amasTanave, gasaTvaliswinebelia is faqti, rom am asakis moswavle axali gadmosulia dawyebiTi safex-
uridan. Cven viciT, rom dawyebiTi safexuris misiaa: a) saganTa Tanamimdevruli swavla-swavlebis
gziT moswavlis gonebrivi, fizikuri, emociuri da socialuri ganviTarebis xelSewyoba; b) sabaziso
unarebis _ wignierebisa da raodenobrivi wignierebis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba; g) saskolo garemosa
da swavlis mimarT dadebiTi damokidebulebis Camoyalibeba, cnobismoyvareobis codnismoyvareobaSi
gadazrda da moswavlis momzadeba sabazo safexurisTvis. amitom, Sesabamisad, Cvens saxelmZRvaneloSi
gaTvaliswinebulia VII klasis moswavlis asakobrivi Taviseburebebi. sabazo safexuris misiaa saganTa
swavla-swavlebis safuZvelze myari, dinamikuri da funqciuri codnis konstruireba, moswavlis in-
teresebisa da midrekilebebis gamovlena, moswavlis damoukidebeli swavlis unarisa da Sromisuna-
rianobis ganviTareba, aqtiuri moqalaqis formirebis xelSewyoba da safuZvelebis Seqmna ganaTlebis
momdevno safexurze swavlis gagrZelebisTvis an SromiTi saqmianobisTvis. sagnis swavla-swavleb-
isas moswavle CarTuli iqneba aqtivobebSi, romlebic mas SeZenili codnis praqtikaSi gamoyenebis
saSualebas miscems. es yvelaferi moamzadebs moswavles, saSualo safexurze gadasvlisas mzad iyos
Semdgomi gamowvevebisTvis. es gamowvevebi ki aseTia: moswavlem unda SeZlos a) saganTa gaRrmavebuli
swavlebis gziT sistemuri codnis konstruireba; b) moazrovne, maZiebeli, axlis Semoqmedi, wignieri,
informirebuli da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobis mqone moqalaqis Camoyalibeba, romelsac SeuZlia gad-
awyvetilebebis damoukideblad miReba, sakuTari miRwevebis gamoyeneba axali materialuri, intele-
qtualuri Tu sulieri Rirebulebebis Sesaqmnelad.

3.4 meTodikuri orientirebi

Cveni saxelmZRvanelo efuZneba esg-s mier gacxadebul Semdeg cnebebs: 1.yvela moswavle aris
unikaluri da gansxvavebuli Tavisi individualuri fizikuri da fsiqikuri maxasiaTeblebiT, ni-
WiT, emociebiT, interesebiT, piradi gamocdilebiT, akademiuri saWiroebebiT da swavlis stiliT,
rac gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas swavla-swavlebis dros. 2. swavla unda mimdinareobdes pozitiur
da mowesrigebul garemoSi, sadac gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba pozitiur urTierTobebsa
da interaqcias, sadac moswavle aris dafasebuli, aRiarebuli da aris pasuxismgebeli sakuTar
swavlasa da ganviTarebaze. 3. swavla aris codnis agebis procesi, romelSic moswavle aqtiurad

34
aris CarTuli da romelic efuZneba moswavlis arsebul codnas, gamocdilebas da Sexedulebebs.
am saxelmZRvanelos meTodikuri orientirebi mdgomareobs SemdegSi: a) swavla-swavleba xels unda
uwyobdes moswavleTa motivirebasa da Sinagani Zalebis gaaqtiurebas; b) swavla-swavleba xels unda
uwyobdes codnis etapobrivad konstruirebas winare codnaze dafuZnebiT; g) swavla-swavleba xels
unda uwyobdes codnaTa urTierTdakavSirebasa da organizebas; d) swavla-swavleba unda uzrun-
velyofdes swavlis strategiebis dauflebas (swavlis swavlas); e) swavla-swavleba unda moicavdes
codnis samive kategorias: deklaratiuls, procedurulsa da pirobiseuls. deklaratiuli codna
gulisxmobs Teoriebis, wesebis, faqtebis, kanonebisa da principebis Teoriul codnas. is pasux-
obs kiTxvas: ra vici?; proceduruli _ gulisxmobs qmedebaTa Tanamimdevrobis codnas da iZleva
codnis realizebis saSualebas operaciebis/procedurebis doneze. is pasuxobs SekiTxvebs: rogor
gavakeTo/rogor Sevasrulo? pirobiseuli codna deklaratiuli da proceduruli codnis gamoy-
enebis pirobebis gaazrebaa. is gulisxmobs movlenebis an situaciis arsebiTi aspeqtebis gaazrebis,
kategorizaciis unars, rac am konkretul SemTxvevaSi moswavles daexmareba, Cveni sagnis, istoriis
codna sxvadasxva aspeqtSi gadaitanos. is pasuxobs kiTxvebs: ratom? ra SemTxvevaSi? disciplinis
wvdomisaTvis saswavlo procesSi aqcenti, pirvel rigSi, unda keTdebodes istoriuli movlenis
analizze da warsulSi momxdari faqtis dRevandelobasTan dakavSirebaze da Tanamedrove socia-
lur-politikuri procesebis ganviTarebis perspeqtivebis gansazRvraze. sagnobrivi Sedegebis gar-
da, erovnuli saswavlo gegmis miznebidan swavla-swavlebisa da Sefasebis samizned aseve unda iqces
Semdegi gamWoli unarebi da Rirebulebebi:

problemebis • problemis amocnoba, aRwera da gaanalizeba;

gadaWra • problemis gadaWris gzebis Zieba, maTgan yvelaze efeqturis SerCeva.
SemoqmedebiTi • Canafiqris SemoqmedebiTad ganxorcieleba;
azrovneba • originaluri ideebis gamovlena da xorcSesxma; axlis Seqmna;
• dasmuli problemebis gadasaWrelad arastandartuli gzebis moZieba;
• swrafva garemos gardaqmna-gaumjobesebisken;
• gamowvevebis miReba, saskolo saqmianobaSi gabeduli nabijebis gadadgma.
TanamSrom- • samuSaos Tanasworad ganawileba da Sesruleba jgufuri/gunduri muSaobis dros;
loba • mzaoba jgufSi/gundSi sxvadasxva funqciis Sesasruleblad (mag., lideris);
• gansxvavebuli ideebis, Sexedulebebis konstruqciulad ganxilva;
• resursebis, mosazrebebis, codnis gaziareba problemaTa erToblivad gadaW-
ris, gadawyvetilebaTa erToblivad miRebis mizniT.
komunikacia • gancdilis, naazrevis mitana msmenelamde/mkiTxvelamde, maTze STabeWdilebis
moxdena;
• informaciis gaziareba sakomunikacio situaciis Sesabamisi verbaluri da ar-
averbaluri saSualebebis gamoyenebiT;
• sxvisi mosmenisa da gagebis unari;
• pirovnuli Rirsebis gaazrebisa da dafasebis unari.
eTika • eTikuri da qceviTi normebis dacva;
• solidarobis gancda;
• sxvebisadmi empaTia;
• pirovnuli Rirsebis gaazrebisa da dafasebis unari;
• gansxvavebulobis mimRebloba;
• sakuTar socialur aqtivobaze pasuxismgeblobis gaazreba.
mewarmeoba, • swavla-swavlebis procesSi interesisa da cnobismoyvareobis gamovlena;
iniciativebis • axali ideebis, midgomebis, SesaZleblobebis Zieba da maTi ganxorcieleba swav-
gamovlena da
saqmed qceva lis gaumjobesebis mizniT;
• mzaoba gamowvevebis misaRebad, gabeduli nabijebis gadasadgmelad.

35
 swavlis swav- • aqtivobis/davalebis Rirebulebis gansazRvra _ moswavlem unda dainaxos, ras
la SesZens aqtivobis Sesruleba, ra pirovnul Tu socialur sargebels moutans mas;
damoukideb- • aqtivobis/davalebis dagegmva _ (moTxovnaTa gaazreba da mis Sesasruleblad
lad saqmia- saWiro codnis gansazRvra; davalebis/aqtivobis mTavari miznis gansazRvra;
noba samuSaos warmatebiT Sesrulebis kriteriumebis dadgena; gansaxorciele-
beli samuSaos etapebis gamokveTa;imis ganWvreta, Tu ra gauadvildeba, ra
gauZneldeba, raSi dasWirdeba daxmareba; strategiebis mizanSewonilad SerCe-
va samuSaos TiToeuli etapisaTvis;
• swavlis procesis dakvirveba _ dafiqreba swavlis procesze, im pirobebisa da
faqtorebis amocnoba, romlebic xels uwyobs an aferxebs winsvlas, saTanado
zomebis miReba winsvlis xelSesawyobad; TviTSefaseba Zlieri da susti mxare-
bis dasadgenad, susti mxareebis gasaZliereblad gzebis dasaxva;
• socioemociuri marTva _ nerviulobis minimumamde dayvana, saWiroebisamebr, dax-
marebis Txovna, sakuTar TavSi siZneleTa gadalaxvis resursebis povna; Secdomebis
mimarT pozitiuri damokidebulebis Camoyalibeba da winsvlis wyarod gamoyeneba;
• calkeuli saqmianobisTvis gamoyofili drois efeqturad gamoyeneba.

pasuxismge- • saskolo saqmianobebSi (saskolo cxovrebaSi) nakisri valdebulebis Sesruleba;

bloba • samuSaos dadgenil vadebSi dasruleba da Cabareba;
• sakuTari qcevis marTva, sakuTar qcevebze, socialur aqtivobebze pasuxismge-
blobis aReba.
informaciuli • saZiebo sistemaSi (mag.: ebsko, elseviari) periodikis moZieba;
da sakomunika- • Google Map-Si istoriul movlenebTan dakavSirebuli onlain-rukebis Seqmna
cio teqnolo-
da maTi internetis saSualebiT gavrceleba.
giebis gamoy-
eneba • saZiebo sistemaSi (mag.: gugli) sxvadasxva tipis (mag.: interaqtiuli da a.S.)
Tematuri eleqtronuli rukebis moZieba;
• istoriuli Sinaarsis eleqtronuli teqstebis (mag., vikiteqstebis) Seqmna da
atvirTva;
• specifikuri Sinaarsis diagramebTan da grafikebTan muSaoba (mag.: teritori-
uli, demografiuli, sazogadoebrivi ganwyobebis zrda-klebis da a.S.) eqselis
saSualebiT.
• vebgverdis/blogis Seqmna da saswavlo procesis ganmavlobaSi ganxorciele-
buli sxvadasxva proeqtis vebgverdze/ blogze ganTavseba;
• informaciuli da sakomunikacio teqnologiebis gamoyeneba (mag., Word, Pow-
erPoint) saswavlo masalisa da sxvadasxva tipis eleqtronuli teqstebis
dasamuSaveblad.
wigniereba • zepiri da weriTi metyvelebis gziT informaciis miRebis, damuSavebis, gaazre-
bis, sistemaSi moyvanis da wardgena-gaziarebis unari.

amave dros gasaTvaliswinebelia is, rom specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone moswavles
(SemdgomSi _ sssm moswavle) TanatolebTan SedarebiT uZneldeba swavla da amdenad, saWiroa erovnuli
saswavlo gegmis modificireba, saswavlo garemosTan adaptacia da individualuri saswavlo gegmis
Sedgena-ganxorcieleba. erovnuli saswavlo gegmis modificireba niSnavs erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT
gansazRvruli Sedegebis raodenobriv da/an Tvisebriv cvlilebebs, romlebic SesaZlebelia gulisx-
mobdes saswavlo miznebis Semcirebas an gazrdas, gamartivebas an garTulebas. Cven saxelmZRvanelo-
Si gaTvaliswinebulia es sakiTxi. saxelmZRvanelos davalebebi amis saSualebas iZleva. maswavleblis
wignSi dagegmil ramdenime gakveTilSi gaTvaliswinebulia sssm moswavleTa saWiroebebi da mocemulia
Sesabamisi davalebebi.

36
 3.5. moswavleze orientirebuli swavlebis ZiriTadi strategiebi

nebismieri interaqtiuli gakveTilis Catarebisas mniSvnelovania, ra kiTxviT strategiebs iyenebs

maswavlebeli. moswavlis saxelmZRvaneloSi, ra Tqma unda, mravalferovani davalebebi da kiTxvebia
mocemuli; Tumca maswavlebelma, Tavisi klasis saWiroebebidan gamomdinare, isini unda gamoiyenos sx-
vadasxva strategiiT. aucilebelia mravalferovani davalebebis micema, rac bavSvs individualuri Ses-
aZleblobebis gamovlenis saSualebas miscems. axali strategiebi moiTxovs iseT aqtivobebs, rodesac
moswavle aqtiuria, rac sxvadasxva kiTxviT da davalebiT miiRweva. zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, rom maswav-
lebels, romelic aswavlis axali moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, unda hqondes rwmena, rom yvela moswavles
aqvs swavlis unari; unda uzrunvelyofdes codnis xelmisawvdomobas yvela moswavlisTvis; is unda ac-
nobierebdes da iTvaliswinebdes TiToeuli moswavlis individualurobas, niWs, SesaZleblobebs da amis
mixedviT unda warmarTos sagakveTilo procesi. maswavlebeli SemoqmedebiTad unda miudges swavlebis
process, aqtivobebi ise unda aagos, rom moswavles mieces SesaZlebloba, gaakeTos arCevani, iazrovnos
da gaaanalizos sakiTxi, gamoTqvas sakuTari Sexedulebebi. es yvelaferi ki, rogorc aRvniSneT, SeuZle-
belia mravalferovani kiTxviTi strategiebis gamoyenebis gareSe. kiTxvebis dasma sagakveTilo procesis
umniSvnelovanesi nawilia. maswavlebeli kiTxvebis saSualebiT arkvevs, Tu rogor gaiges moswavleebma
konkretuli gakveTili, xelmeoredaa saWiro misi axsna Tu ara, gaiazres maT es sakiTxi Tu mxolod masa-
lis gadmocema SeuZliaT, ramdenad arian mzad moswavleebi gaaanalizon, Seafason konkretuli sakiTxi,
movlena. kiTxvebi gansxvavdeba Sinaarsobrivi TvalsazrisiT _ isini SeiZleba iyos informaciuli an
saazrovno. ufro kargad rom gaviazroT es strategia (es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania damwyebi ped-
agogebisTvis), gadavideT konkretul sakiTxze „xalxTa didi gadasaxleba“. informaciulia aseTi tipis
SekiTxvebi: romeli germanuli tomebi esxmodnen Tavs romis imperias? romeli tomebis Tavdasxmebma
gamoiwvia germanuli tomebis, konkretulad vestguTebis sakuTari miwebidan ayra da romis samflobe-
loebSi SeWra? am SemTxvevaSi Semowmdeba moswavleTa codna. aq SeiZleba dausvaT Sualeduri kiTxvebi:
moswavleebma rukaze uCvenon sxvadasxva tomebis marSrutebi; hunebis Semosevebi rom ara, SeiWrebodnen
germanuli tomebi romis samflobeloebSi? da a.S. am kiTxvas ukve SegiZliaT moayoloT Semdeg kiTxva: ra
Sedegebi moitana „xalxTa didma gadasaxlebam“? am kiTxviT xels SevuwyobT moswavlis maRali saazrov-
no unarebis ganviTarebas. am kiTxvas pasuxi rom gasces, moswavlem sakiTxi kargad, safuZvlianad unda
icodes da sakuTari mosazrebis gamoTqmis dros unda warmoadginos Sesabamisi argumentebi.
mravalferovani kiTxvebis dasma aucilebelia diferencirebuli swavlebis drosac. cnobilia, rom
diferencirebuli swavleba gulisxmobs TiToeuli davalebisa da savarjiSos Sesatyvisobas moswavleTa
moTxovnilebebTan, maTi SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. gakveTilis dagegmvis procesSi diferencire-
bis strategiebi SeiZleba sxvadasxva gziT gamovlindes. magaliTad, SesaZlebelia rogorc davalebis,
aseve Sedegis mixedviT diferenciacia. Tu maswavlebeli davalebis mixedviT axdens diferencirebas, es
niSnavs, rom sxvadasxva jgufs, moswavles gansxvavebuli savarjiSoebi, davalebebi, kiTxvebi miecemaT, anu
am davalebebis gadanawileba SesaZleblobebis mixedviT moxdeba; amave dros yvela erTi miznis, Sedegis
miRwevisken midis. am SemTxvevaSi Zalian mniSvnelovania davalebebis micemis dros kiTxvebis mraval-
ferovneba, rac diferencirebas Seuwyobs xels. Tu maswavlebeli Sedegis mixedviT axdens diferencire-
bas, maSin man SesaZloa yvela moswavles msgavsi davaleba, savarjiSo misces, xolo gakveTilis mizani/
miznebi unda gansazRvros TiToeuli moswavlis SesaZleblobebidan gamomdinare. misaRwevi Sedegebi Sei-
Zleba ase ganisazRvros: yvela moswavlem unda icodes... zogierTma moswavlem unda gaaanalizos, imsje-
los... da a.S. am SemTxvevaSic umniSvnelovanesia is SekiTxvebi, romelTac davusvamT yvela moswavles da
Semdeg mxolod zogierTs. mag., davubrundeT zemoT moyvanil Temas „xalxTa didi gadasaxleba“. kiTxvaze
_ ra Sedegebi moitana „xalxTa didma gadasaxlebam“? _ SeiZleba pasuxebi sxvadasxvagvari iyos; zogier-
Ti moswavle gamoyofs ZiriTad niSnebs da kargad gaaanalizebs mTel process dasavleT romis imperiis
dacemidan evropis axali politikuri rukis Seqmnamde; zogi daasrulebs saubars romis dacemiT (aseTi
pasuxi mosalodnelia sssm moswavlisgan). aseve sssm moswavles, misi SesaZleblobebidan gamomdinare, Segi-
ZliaT dausvaT ufro martivi SekiTxvebi: romeli germanuli tomebi ici? romel did imperias esxmodnen
isini Tavs? da a.S. am SemTxvevaSi unda imoqmedoT sssm moswavlis individualuri gegmis mixedviT, sadac
gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos konkretuli moswavlis SesaZleblobebi.
37
 3.6. rekomendaciebi saswavlo-saganmanaTleblo resursebis Sesaxeb swavlebis miznis miRwevis
efeqtianobisaTvis

mravalferovani resursebis moZieba-gamoyeneba Zalian mniSvnelovania. Cvens saxelmZRvaneloSi ga-

moyenebulia sxvadasxva tipis resursi: pirveladi da meoradi werilobiTi wyaroebi, rukebi, fotoebi,
miTiTebulia eleqtronuli resursebi. Zalian mniSvnelovania, ra tipis saswavlo resurss icnobT an
iyenebT praqtikaSi. aris es eleqtronuli resursebi, materialuri TvalsaCinoebebi da profesiuli
damxmare literatura? amaze imitom vamaxvilebT yuradRebas, rom saxelmZRvanloSi gamoyenebuli an
maswavleblis wignSi miTiTebuli resursebi (TvalsaCinoebebi, profesiuli literatura, eleqtronuli
resursebi), ra Tqma unda, ar aris srulyofili da yovlismomcveli da arc SeiZleba amis pretenzia
gvqondes. aucilebelia, Tqvenc moiZioT/SeqmnaT TqvenTvis, Tqveni moswavleebis saWiroebebisTvis mniS-
vnelovani resursebi. amasTanave ar dagaviwydeT, rom yvela tipis resurss Tan unda axldes gamoyenebis
mkafio instruqcia, romelSic axsnili iqneba, Tu ra mizniT SeqmeniT resursi, rogor gamoiyeneba is
saswavlo procesSi, raTa Tqvenma kolegebma, garkveuli modificirebis Semdgom, SeZlon misi gamoyeneba.
damatebiTi werilobiTi wyaro aris resursi, romelic moswavles ganumtkicebs da gaumdidrebs
saxelmZRvanelos saSualebiT miRebul codnas, gamoumuSavebs kvlevis, analizis unars. aseTi resursis
gamoyenebis dros aucilebelia, winaswar SearCioT masala, wyaro da is kiTxvebi, romlebsac dausvamT
moswavleebs. SeecadeT, iseTi kiTxvebi dasvaT, rom moswavlem Seasrulos imgvari saazrovno operacie-
bi, rogorebicaa: analizi, daskvnebis gakeTeba, hipoTezis wamoyeneba, Sefaseba. nebismieri werilobiTi
wyaros, pirveladis Tu meoradis damuSavebis dros mTavaria, moswavlem wyaros informacia daukavSiros
naswavl masalas, iswavlos wyarodan ZiriTadis gamoyofa. amitom mniSvnelovania, mas dausvaT Sesabamisi
kiTxvebi. ufro gasagebi rom iyos, movitanT konkretul magaliTs. Tqven iciT, rom werilobiT wyaros
ganekuTvneba: matiane, dRiuri, memuari, epigrafikuli warwera da sxva. davuSvaT, damatebiT resursad
SearCieT bolnisis sionis warweris nawyveti. pirvel rigSi, VII klaselebisTvis, maTi asakidan gamomdinare,
teqsti unda gaamartivoT. „peroz mefis mefobidan meoce wels daviwye am eklesiis Seneba da TxuTmeti
wlis Semdeg davasrule. vinc amis maSenebel daviT episkoposze ilocos, is RmerTma Seiwyalos“. gasagebia,
rom am resurss gamoiyenebT gakveTilze, romelic V saukunis meore naxevris qarTlis samefos, anu vax-
tang gorgasalis mefobas exeba. ra kiTxvebi SeiZleba dausvaT wyaros? magaliTad aseTi: romeli istori-
uli pirebi ixseniebian wyaroSi? vin iyo peroz mefe? raze mogviTxrobs wyaro? sad mdebareobs bolnisi?
Seni azriT, ratom ar ixsenieba warweraSi qarTlis mefe? am kiTxvebze pasuxis gacemis Semdeg moswavle
kidev erTxel gaiazrebs: miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTlis samefo sparseTs emorCileba, razec peroz mefis
xseneba miuTiTebs, qveyanaSi qristianuli taZrebi igeba. es aris mxolod erTi magaliTi werilobiTi wy-
aros damatebiT resursad gamoyenebisa. kidev movitanT damatebiTi resursis gamoyenebis sxva magaliTs
_ amjerad arqiteqturuli nagebobis. gasagebia, rom aq gamoiyenebT fotomasalas. davuSvaT, atarebT ga-
kveTils, romelic exeba qristianobis gavrcelebas saqarTveloSi. SegiZliaT moiZioT noqalaqevSi (cixe-
gojSi) gamovlenili IV da V saukuneebis eklesiebis fotoebi. dasviT Semdegi SekiTxva: Tqveni azriT, IV da
V saukuneebis eklesiebis ageba egrisis samefos dedaqalaqSi SemTxveviTi movlenaa Tu rameze metyvelebs?
aq Tqven eliT, rom moswavleebi upasuxeben: albaT egrisSic qristianoba IV saukuneSi gaxda oficialuri
religiao. SegiZliaT es wyaro gaamagroT werilobiTi resursiT, amonaridiT IV saukunis romaeli epis-
koposis, gelasi kesarielis „saeklesio istoriidan“, sadac is gadmogvcems, rom iberielebma da lazebma
erTdroulad miiRes qristianoba.
Zalian mniSvnelovani resursia ruka. is moswavles saSualebas aZlevs, gaimyaros Teoriuli codna,
gaiazros da gaaanalizos geografiuli informacia. magaliTad, moswavleebs mieciT davaleba, cxril-
Si amoweron aleqsandre makedonelis laSqrobebis marSruti wlebis mixedviT, Semdeg maT sTxoveT, es
marSruti uCvenon Sesabamis rukaze an gadaitanon konturul rukaze. aseTi davaleba maT ganuviTarebs
rogorc informaciis moZiebis, aseve rukaze muSaobis unars.
garda zemoT aRniSnuli resursebisa, maswavleblebi xSirad iyeneben eleqtronul resursebs, aseve ma-
terialur TvalsaCinoebebs (sqemebi, plakatebi, rukebi, danadgarebi, maketebi, koleqciebi da a.S.). xSirad
tardeba maswavleblebis mier sakuTari xeliT (SesaZloa, meoradi nivTebiTac) Seqmnili resursebis gamofe-
38
na, konferenciebze wardgena. aseTi resursebi (sqemebi, diagramebi, istoriuli krosvordebi an lotoebi,
plakatebi da a.S.) Tqvenc SeiZleba SeqmnaT. SegaxsenebT, rom saswavlo resursi iwvevs moswavleebis dainter-
esebas, radgan Tu resursi interaqtiulia, anu saWiroebs mocemuli TvalsaCinoebebis gaanalizebas, SekiTx-
vebze pasuxis gacemas, sakuTari mosazrebebis dafiqsirebas, praqtikul samuSaos, sagakveTilo procesSi
moswavleebi aqtiurad arian CarTulni. resursi orientirebulia moswavleTa unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebaze, es
aris gaanalizebis, Sedarebisa da daskvnebis gakeTebis unari. isini resursis daxmarebiT SeZleben dainaxon,
ramdenad mniSvnelovania yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi orientireba, aseve mocemuli davalebebis mixedviT SeZle-
ben imuSaon jgufebSi da resursidan miRebul informacias gamoiyeneben praqtikuli muSaobis dros. daixsom-
eT, rom saswavlo resursSi gamoyenebuli masala dafuZnebuli unda iyos sando wyaroebze, is usafrTxo unda
iyos da ar unda vnebdes moswavleebs, magaliTad, maT mxedvelobas. Tqven mier Seqmnili resursis SemTxvevaSi,
gakveTilze muSaobis procesSi aucilebelia, winaswar momzadebuli gqondeT calke dabeWdili davalebebi
da kiTxvebic. Tu resursi Seqmnilia PowerPoint-Si, aucilebelia, vaCvenoT moswavleebs slaid-reJimSi da
kiTxvebis gamoCenis Semdeg jer davelodoT moswavleebis pasuxs, mere ki SevTavazoT swori variantebi,
romlebic kiTxvis Semdeg Cndeba slaidze. magaliTad, pirvel slaidze SeiZleba uCvenoT berZen-sparselTa
omebis ruka, an maraTonis brZolis sqema Sesabamisi kiTxvebiT, romlebzec moswavleebma pasuxi unda gascen.
sqemasTan SeiZleba aseTi kiTxvebi dasvaT: brZolis ra meTodebi gamoiyenes berZnebma? ram ganapiroba spar-
selTa damarcxeba? isev vimeorebT, rom msgavsi resursi damatebiT SeiZleba gamoiyenoT Sesabamisi Temebis
ganxilvis procesSi. resursebTan dakavSirebiT, rekomendaciebi mocemuli iqneba qvemoT, konketul dagegmil
gakveTilebTan, aseve migiTiTebT eleqtronuli resursebis sarekomendacio misamarTebs.

3.7. moswavlis Sefasebis principebi

skolaSi gamoiyeneba ori tipis Sefaseba: ganmsazRvreli da ganmaviTarebeli. ganmsazRvreli Se-

faseba akontrolebs swavlis xarisxs, adgens moswavlis miRwevis dones erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT
gansazRvrul miznebTan mimarTebaSi. ganmsazRvrel SefasebaSi iwereba qula. ganmaviTarebeli Sefase-
ba akontrolebs TiToeuli moswavlis ganviTarebis dinamikas da xels uwyobs swavlis xarisxis gaum-
jobesebas. ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebisas gamoiyeneba iseTi saSualebebi, rogoricaa sityvieri komen-
tari, rCeva-darigeba, dakvirvebis furceli, TviTSefasebisa da urTierTSefasebis sqema da sxv.

ganmaviTarebeli da ganmsazRvreli Sefasebebis aRweriloba

ganmaviTarebeli ganmsazRvreli
mizani swavlis xarisxis gaumjobeseba; swavlis xarisxis gakontroleba;
moswavlis miRwevis donis dadgena
moswavlis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gansaz-
Rvrul miznebTan mimarTebaSi;
akademiuri moswrebis donis gansazRvra
Sefasebis sagani swavlis procesi swavlis Sedegi

Sefasebis Sede- winsvlis xelSesawyobad gansxvavebuli momdevno etapze (klasSi/safexurze)

gad miRebuli aqtivobis SerCeva, swavlebis strategiis daSveba/ardaSveba
gadawyvetileba Secvla, rCeva-darigebis micema da sxv.
warmartebis konkretuli moswavlis winsvlis imis safuZvelze, Tu ramdenad miaRwia
kriteriumebis safuZvelze (sakuTar miRwevebTan standartiT gansazRvrul Sedegebs (yve-
gansazRvra mimarTebiT _ ra dones flobda, ra lasaTvis saerTo, standartiT dadge-
dones flobs) nil normasTan mimarTebaSi)
Sefasebis sa- TviT/urTierTSefasebis rubrika; qula
Sualebebi kiTxvari;
sityvieri (zepiri/werilobiTi) komentari;
unaris ganviTarebis donis aRwera

39
 semestris manZilze moswavleebi fasdebian Semdegi sami komponentis mixedviT:
a) saSinao davaleba;
b) saklaso davaleba;
g) Semajamebeli davaleba.
• saSinao da saklaso davalebaTa komponentebSi gamoiyeneba rogorc ganmsazRvreli, aseve ganmavi-
Tarebeli Sefaseba.
• Semajamebeli davalebis komponentSi aucilebelia ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis gamoyeneba.

sssm moswavlis akademiuri miRwevis Sefaseba xdeba imave principiT, rogoriTac nebismieri sxva
moswavlis akademiuri miRwevis Sefaseba. Tu sssm moswavle ganaTlebas iRebs individualuri saswavlo
gegmiT, fasdeba mis mier individualuri saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvruli miznebis miRwevis done. sssm
moswavle, romelic warmatebiT daZlevs individualur saswavlo gegmas, fasdeba maRali quliT.
rac Seexeba Sefasebis rubrikebs, maTi nimuSebi mocemuli iyo erovnuli saswavlo gegmis wina ver-
siaSi, Tumca nebismieri maswavlebeli Tavisi klasis saswavlo saWiroebebidan gamomdinare qmnis Sefase-
bis rubrikis sakuTar versias. maswavleblis wignSi mocemuli nimuSebi mxolod sarekomendacio xasiaTs
atarebs da Tqven maT mxolod nimuSad gamoiyenebT. nebismier sociumSi, am SemTxvevaSi Tqvens klasSi/
klasebSi, saWiroa sakuTari Sefasebis kriteriumebi, sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba saswavlo garemo,
moswavleebis fsiqotipebi, maTi interesebi da saWiroebebi. ra Tqma unda, Cveni rubrikebi SegiZliaT ga-
moiyenoT da garkveuli modificirebis Semdeg moargoT Tqvens klass/klasebs. aq movitanT Sefasebis zo-
gad rubrikebs, xolo qvemoT, gakveTilebis sarekomendacio gegmebTan _ ufro dakonkretebul rubrikebs.
daviwyoT ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT. am SemTxvevaSi upriania, Sefaseba moargoT gakveTilis mizans
da Sefasebis indikatorebs, anu gakveTilis mizani/miznebi da Sefasebis indikatorebi aqcioT Sefase-
bis kriteriumebad. mag., gakveTilze Tqveni mizania: qarTlis samefoSi gatarebuli reformebis (admin­
istraciuli, religiuri, enobrivi) daxasiaTeba da sxva saxelmwifos analogiur reformebTan Sedareba.
am gakveTilis Sefasebis indikatorebia: a) antikuri sazogadoebis, konkretulad qarTlis samefos (so­
cialuri fenebi, saxelmwifo mowyoba da msoflmxedveloba) sxva istoriuli epoqis sazogadoebasTan
Sedareba; b) aleqsandre makedonelis laSqrobebis Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba; saqa­
rTveloze maTi zegavlenis gaanalizeba. am dros Tu ar gsurT qulis dawera da gindaT, rom moswavleebs
misceT Sesabamisi rekomendaciebi, ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis rubrika SeiZleba ase gamoiyurebodes:

Sefasebis rubrika (ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba)

kriteriumi sustad nawilobriv kargad

qarTlis samefos ver an sustad daaxas- daaxasiaTa qarTlis kargad daaxasiaTa qar­Tlis
mmarTvelobiTi iaTa qarTlis same- samefos mmarTvelo- samefos mmarTvelobiTi
struqtura fos mmarTvelobiTi biTi struqtura, struqtura; qarTlis mmar­
struqtura. magram dauSva mcire TvelobiTi struqtura Seada-
Secdomebi. ra misTvis nacnobi samefoebis
saxelmwifo mowyobas.
qarTlis samefos ver an sustad gansaz- gansazRvra qarTlis warmodgenili pasuxebi Ziri­
socialuri fenebi Rvra qarTlis sa­me­fos samefos socialuri Tadad asaxavda problemas da
socialuri fe­nebi. fenebi. pasuxobda SekiTxvebs.
aleqsandre make- ver gaacnobiera, gaacnobiera, rom qar- gaacnobiera, rom qarTlis
donelis imperiis rom qarTlis same- Tlis samefos Seqmnis samefos Seqmnis sagareo
dacema da axali fos Seqmnis sagareo sagareo faqto­ri faqtori ukavSirdeba aleqsan-
elinisturi faqtori ukavSirdeba ukav­Sirdeba aleqsan­ dres imperiis dacemas, elinis-
saxelmwifoebis aleqsandres imperiis dres imperiis dace­mas, turi saxelmwifoebis Camoya­
Seqmna dacemas, elinistu- eli­nisturi saxel­ libebas da maT dapiripirebas.
ri saxelmwifoebis mwifoe­bis Camoyalibe-
Camoyalibebas da maT bas da maT dapirip-
dapiripirebas. irebas, Tumca zogjer
dauSva Secdomebi.

40
 es rubrika, ra Tqma unda, zogadia. Tqveni komentarebi ufro konkretuli unda iyos, moswavleebis
pasuxebidan gamomdinare. SegaxsenebT, ganmaviTarebeli komentaris efeqturobisTvis, aucilebelia:

• pirvelad aqcenti gaakeToT moswavlis pasuxis Zlier mxareze;

• Semdeg SesTavazoT susti mxaris daZlevis gzebi;
• SefasoT davaleba da ara pirovneba;
• miTiTebebi konkretuli unda iyos da ara zogadi;
• daicvaT zomiereba da taqti.

ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis SemTxvevaSi, Tqven SegiZliaT, quliT SeafasoT moswavlis prezentacia,

mimdinare saSinao/saklaso davaleba, diskusiis warmarTvis unari, Semajamebeli samuSao da a.S. mag.,
Tqven gsurT, rom quliT SeafasoT moswavlis saklaso an saSinao davaleba. am SemTxvevaSic mosaxerxe-
belia, rubrika daeyrdnos gakveTilis miznebs da Sefasebis indikatorebs. imave gakveTilze moswavlis
prezentaciis an saSinao/saklaso davalebis Sefasebis rubrika ase warmogvidgeba:

saSinao/saklaso davalebis Sefasebis rubrika (ganmsazRvreli Sefaseba):

kriteriumi 1-3 qula 4-6 qula 7-8 qula 9-10 qula

moswavle war­ warmodgenili sqema warmodgenil warmodgenili warmodgenili sqema
moadgens qar­ zusti ar aris, sqemaSi daSvebu- sqema, faqtobri­ asaxavs an faqtob­
Tlis samefos faqtobrivad, ar lia Secdomebi. vad, asaxavs qa- rivad asaxavs (9-is
mmarTvelobiT asaxavs sakiTxs. rTlis samefos SemTxvevaSi) qar­
struqturas. mmarTvelobiT Tlis samefos
struqturas, mmarTvelobiT
daSvebulia ram- struqturas.
denime Secdoma.
qarTlis ver adarebs an mis mohyavs magali- mohyavs magali- mohyavs magaliTi da
mmarTvelobiT mier SedarebisTvis Ti da adarebs, Ti da gamoyofs gamoyofs msgavse-
struqturas gamoyenebuli masa- magram sustad msgavseba-gan­ ba-gansxvavebebs.
adarebs misTvis la araadekvaturia axerxebs msgavse- sxvavebebs. am
nacnobi samefoe­ (saxelmwifo, rome- ba-gansxvavebebis dros uSvebs
bis saxelmwifo lic man moiyvana Se- gamoyofas. mcire Sec-
mowyobas, gamo­ darebis magaliTad, domebs.
yofs msgavse­ saerTod ar ukav-
ba-gansxvavebebs. Sirdeba sakiTxs).
konturul ru­ ver gadaaqvs an gadaaqvs, Tum- gadaaqvs, gamo­­ davaleba kargadaa
ka­ze gadaaqvs gadatanis dros ca uSvebs Sec- yofs teri­to­­ri­ Sesrulebuli,
qar­Tlis teri­ uSvebs bevr Secdo- domebs. ul er­Te­u­lebs, konturul rukaze
to­riuli erTeu­ mas. daS­ve­­bu­lia zo­­gi­erTi erTeuli
lebi (saspaspeto, orio­de Secdo- co­ta bundovania
saerisTavo). ma. (9-is SemTxvevaSi).
gamoyofs da ver axerxebs an gamoyofs maxasi- TiTqmis sworad davaleba sworadaa
ajgufebs qar­ bundovnad axerxebs aTeblebs, magram axerxebs Sesrulebuli,
Tlis samefos maxasiaTeblebis uSvebs Sec- davalebis Ses- dajgufebis dros
socialur, maxa­ gamoyofas. domebs an zog rulebas, uSvebs daSvebulia mcire
siaTeblebs. maxasiaTebels oriode Secdo- Secdoma (9-is
urevs erTmaneT- mas. SemTxvevaSi).
Si.
gamoyofs qar­ ver axerxebs an gamoyofs maxasi- TiTqmis sworad davaleba sworadaa
Tlis samefos bundovnad axerxebs aTeblebs, mag­­ram axerxebs Sesrulebuli,
sagareo politi­ maxasiaTeblebis uSvebs Sec­domebs davalebis Ses- dajgufebis dros
kur maxasiaTeb­ gamoyofas. an zog maxasiaTe­ rulebas, uSvebs daSvebulia mcire
lebs. bels urevs oriode Secdo- Secdoma (9-is
erTma­neT­Si. mas. SemTxvevaSi).

41
 amgvaradve SegiZliaT SeadginoT sxva Sefasebis rubrikebi (ufro konkretulad, rogorc giTxariT,
qvemoT, dagegmil gakveTilebTan iqneba warmodgenili).
zemoT motanili rubrikebi aris analitikuri Sefasebis sqema, sadac gakveTilis miznebs gardavqm-
niT Sefasebis kriteriumebad. amis garda, SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT sxva tipis sqemebic, mag., holisturi
an konkretuli Sefasebis sqemebi.

holisturi Sefasebis sqemis magaliTi

kriteriumi qula
davalebis moTxovnas pasuxobs srulad. azri yovelTvis mkafiod da Tanamim­ 8-10
devrulad aris gadmocemuli. gramatika da leqsika moTxovnis Sesabamisia. Sec­
domebis raodenoba umniSvneloa.
davalebis moTxovnas pasuxobs nawilobriv. azri Tanamimdevrulad yovelTvis ar 5-7
aris gadmocemuli. gramatika da leqsika sakmaod martivia. Secdomebis raodenoba
zog SemTxvevaSi xels uSlis azris gagebas.
davalebis moTxovnas pasuxobs nawilobriv. azri Tanamimdevrulad mxolod zog 3-4
SemTxvevaSia gadmocemuli. gramatika da leqsika martivia. Secdomebis raodenoba
zog SemTxvevaSi xels uSlis azris gagebas.
naweri davalebas ar pasuxobs, an azris gageba SeuZlebelia, an furceli carielia. 1-2 an
ar Sefasdeba

konkretuli Sefasebis sqemis SemTxvevaSi, davalebis nawili fasdeba 0-iT an 1-iT. magaliTi:

kriteriumi qula
SerCeuli wyaroebi Seesabameba sakiTxs. 0 an 1
wyaro mravalferovania (werilobiTi, vizualuri da a.S.). 0 an 1
wyaroebidan amokrefilia adekvaturi monacemebi. 0 an 1
SerCeuli monacemebis analizi sakiTxis Sesabamisia. 0 an 1
saubari/naweri Tanamimdevrulia, mihyveba gegmas. 0 an 1
saubrobs/wers gamarTulad. 0 an 1
azri mkafiod da Tanamimdevrulad aris gadmocemuli. 0 an 1
Secdomebis raodenoba mcirea. 0 an 1
argumentacia Tanamimdevrulia. 0 an 1
moyvanili argumentebi pasuxobs gakveTilis Temas. 0 an 1

albaT ukeTesia, konkretuli Sefasebis sqema Semajamebeli samuSaos dros gamoiyenoT. isev vimeo-
rebT: qvemoT dagegmil gakveTilebs darTuli aqvs sarekomendacio Sefasebis rubrikebi.
skolaSi maswavleblebi xSirad iyeneben moswavleTa TviTSefasebasa da urTierTSefasebas. erovnu-
li saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, TviTSefaseba miekuTvneba ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis tips da ganixileba,
rogorc ganviTarebis dinamikis kontrolisa da swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebis saSualeba. TviTSefase-
ba pirovnebisgan iseT unarebs moiTxovs, rogoricaa: gulwrfeloba, TviTkritikisa da TviTanalizis
unari, situaciis sworad Sefasebis unari... asevea urTierTSefasebac, sadac aucilebelia obieqturoba.
am ori tipis Sefasebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, moswavles unda miawodoT konkretulad gawerili Se-
fasebis rubrika, sadac ar iqneba bundovani, zogadi debulebebi. urTierTSefasebis drosac upriania,
gamoiyenoT ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba, raTa ar gamoiwvioT dapirispireba klasSi.

42
 3.8. aqtivobebis, RonisZiebebis, proeqtebis, praqtikuli samuSaoebis CatarebasTan
dakavSirebuli zogadi rekomendaciebi

saswavlo procesis sworad dagegmva maswavleblis profesiuli saqmi­anobis warmatebis erT-erTi

umTavresi ganmsazRvreli pirobaa. gegma sakmaod moqnili da SemoqmedebiTi unda iyos, raTa maswav­
lebelma SeZlos saswavlo procesis mudmivi ganviTareba. swored dagegmvisas unda gaiTvaliswinos
maswavlebelma, rom mravalferovani aqtivobebi gakveTils interaqtiuls gaxdis, moswavlis motivacia
da interesi ki gaizrdeba. amis miRweva SeiZleba sxvadasxva strategiiT. zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, rom
mravalferovani kiTxviTi aqtivobebis gamoyeneba erT-erTi saSualebaa, gakveTili ufro saintereso
gavxadoT. magaliTad, istoriis gakveTilze maswavleblis mizani aris Zalian konkretuli _ moswavlem
unda SeZlos garkveul movlenebs Soris mizezSedegobrivi kavSiris garkveva. rogor unda SeZlos mas-
wavlebelma amis gakeTeba? davuSvaT, konkretuli istoriuli wyaroebis teqstis analizis saSualebiT.
ra saSualebebs gamoiyenebs is? pirvel rigSi, Sesabamis kiTxvebs dasvams, romlebze pasuxis gacemis Sem-
degac moswavle SeZlebs dainaxos garkveul movlenebs Soris mizezSedegobrivi kavSiri. rogor mixvde-
ba maswavlebeli, miaRwia Tu ara gakveTilis mizans? aqac erT-erTi meTodia sxvadasxva tipis kiTxvis sa-
SualebiT imis garkveva, dainaxa Tu ara moswavlem mizezSedegobrivi kavSiri. es kargad Cans gakveTilis
bolos, rodesac garkveul refleqsias vakeTebT da vsvamT kiTxvebs: ra iyo moswavleebisTvis martivi
da ra _ rTuli? ra iswavles maT? SevZeli yvela moswavlis CarTva sagakveTilo procesSi? iyo Tu ara
Cem mier dasmuli kiTxvebi, micemuli davalebebi da instruqciebi gasagebi? iZleoda ki es kiTxvebi da
davalebebi interesis SenarCunebis saSualebas? da ra unda gaviTvaliswino momavalSi, raTa gakveTili
kidev ufro interaqtiuli, saintereso gavxado? am procesis dros aqtivobebSi mravalferovani kiTx-
vebis gamoyeneba xels Seuwyobs yvela emociuri tipis moswavlis CarTvas sagakveTilo procesSi, es ki
TavisTavad gamoiwvevs yvela moswavlis mier im saswavlo Sedegis miRwevas (Tundac sxvadasxva doneze),
rac Tavidanve davisaxeT miznad. Sesabamisi SekiTxvebis dasma azrovnebis amoqmedebis erT-erTi gzaa,
rodesac moswavleebi sakiTxs Rrmad, safuZvlianad Seiswavlian. Cven Sors varT im azrisgan, rom es
mxolod mravalferovani kiTxviTi strategiebiTaa SesaZlebeli _ amas sxva meTodebiTa Tu strategieb-
iTac mivaRwevT; magram mravalferovani kiTxviTi strategiis gamoyeneba aris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani,
produqtiuli da relevanturi saSualeba, raTa gakveTilis/gakveTilebis mizani miRweul iqnas.
pirvel rigSi, kidev erTxel gagaxsenebT Ria da daxuruli tipis kiTxvebs. daxuruli tipis kiTxvaa
is, romelic pirdapir pasuxs moiTxovs. magaliTad, romel imperators ar eaxla farsman qveli? am
SemTxvevaSi moswavlisgan Tqven moiTxovT pirdapir pasuxs _ adrianes. aseTi tipis kiTxvebi kargia mos-
wavleTa codnis Sesamowmeblad. Ria kiTxva moswavleebisgan, codnis garda, moiTxovs fiqrs, azrovnebas
da xels uwyobs zogadi da sagnebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli specifikuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas. mag.,
Seni azriT, ratom ar eaxla farsman qveli adrianes? pasuxi daasabuTe. am SemTxvevaSi moswavle unda
dafiqrdes da gaiazros im drois politikuri viTareba. romis imperatori ver dauSvebda mis daukiTxa­
vad farsman qvelis droindeli qarTlis samefos Sav zRvamde sazRvrebis gadmowevas.
zemoT ganxilul meTods ukavSirdeba e.w. „msxvili“ da „wvrili“ SekiTxvebis strategiac. am strate-
gias ase iyeneben: Temis Seswavlis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTavazobs am Temaze sami „msxvili“
da „wvrili“ SekiTxvis Camoyalibebas. amis Semdeg moswavleebi cxrilSi Caweril SekiTxvebs usvamen
erTmaneTs.

„msxvili“ SekiTxvebi „wvrili“ SekiTxvebi

am grafaSi moswavleebma unda Caweron im tipis Ria
SekiTxvebi, romlebic moiTxovs Rrma, „gaSlil“
pasuxebs.
mag., ra gavlenas axdenda pirvelyofil sazogadoe­
baze klimatis cvlileba?
am grafaSi moswavleebma unda Caweron im
tipis SekiTxvebi, romlebic erTmniSvnelovan
(SesaZlebelia „faqtobriv“) pasuxs moiTxovs.
mag., ra hqvia berZnulad qvis xanis uZveless
epoqas?

43
 Zalian saintereso strategiaa SekiTxvebis doneebi. am strategiis gamoyenebis dros saWiroa, konk-
retuli teqstis mixedviT maswavlebelma moamzados sami donis SekiTxva. TiToeul dones unda Seesa-
bamebodes 2 an 3 SekiTxva (raodenoba damokidebulia moswavleTa momzadebis donesa da SekiTxvebis sir-
Tuleze). es strategia SeiZleba gamoviyenoT istoriuli dokumentebis, literaturuli nawarmoebebis,
sagazeTo statiebis, filmebis, xelovnebis nimuSebisa da fotomasalis Sesaswavlad:
I done _ faqtobrivi SekiTxvebi. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma unda dasvas iseTi SekiTxvebi, rom-
lebic moswavleebs SesaZleblobas miscems, ukeTesad gaigon teqstSi mocemuli faqtebi.
II done _ logikuri SekiTxvebi. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma unda dasvas analitikuri (problemuri)
SekiTxvebi, romlebic moswavleebs SesaZleblobas miscems, teqstis romelime monakveTi (SesaZlebelia
es iyos winadadeba, abzaci an teqstis saintereso nawili) gaaanalizon da sakuTari interpretaciac
Camoayalibon.
III done _ universaluri SekiTxvebi. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma unda dasvas Ria, zogadi xasiaTis
SekiTxvebi, romlebsac aRZraven teqstSi gadmocemuli ideebi. es SekiTxvebi mimarTuli unda iyos mos-
wavleTa Soris diskusiis provocirebisken, rac abstraqtul ideebsa da problemebs Seexeba.
Semdegi strategiaa „kiTxviTi sityvebi“. es strategia gamoiyeneba im dros, rodesac moswavleebs
garkveuli warmodgena aqvT sakvlevi Temis Sesaxeb da met-naklebad erkvevian Sesaswavli masalis sa-
bazo cnebebSi. „kiTxviTi sityvebi“ exmareba maT, Seqmnan e.w. „interesTa veli“. maswavlebeli sTxovs
moswavleebs, gaixsenon sxvadasxva ZiriTadi cneba, romlebic TemasTan aris dakavSirebuli an teqstSia
mocemuli da Caweron isini organyofilebiani cxrilis marjvena nawilSi (ix. cxrili). marcxena nawilSi
ki moswavleebma unda Caweron sxvadasxva kiTxviTi sityva (aranakleb 8-10). amis Semdeg 5-7 wuTis gan-
mavlobaSi maT unda Camoayalibon rac SeiZleba meti SekiTxva, romlebSic Seazaveben cxrilis orive
nawilis elementebs. es samuSao SeiZleba Sesruldes rogorc individualurad, aseve wyvilebSi. erTi
piroba! moswavleebma ar unda icodnen pasuxebi sakuTar SekiTxvebze (ra saWiroa SekiTxva, Tu masze
pasuxi cnobilia?!). ase rom, Seiqmneba ramdenime sia sruliad gansxvavebuli SekiTxvebiT.

cxrili
kiTxviTi sityvebi Temis ZiriTadi cnebebi
rogor? „neoliTuri revolucia“
ra? miwaTmoqmedeba
sad? mesaqonleoba
ratom? sameTuneo Carxi
ramdeni? mimTvisebluri meurneoba
saidan? mwarmobluri meurneoba
rogori?
ra gziT?
rogori kavSiri?
risgan Sedgeba?
ra daniSnuleba aqvs?
da sxva

aq moswavleebma SeiZleba dasvan aseTi kiTxvebi:

1. ra gansxvavebaa mimTviseblur da mwarmoeblur meurneobebs Soris?
2. ratom uwodeben neoliTis periodSi momxdar cvlilebebs „revolucias“?
3. ra daniSnuleba aqvs sameTuneo Carxs?
4. ratom gamoigones sameTuneo Carxi neoliTis periodSi?
5. Seni azriT, rogor geografiul arealSi ganviTardeboda miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba?
amis Semdeg maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, ganixilon sakuTari cxrilebi da airCion ori (Sei-
Zleba 3-4) yvelaze saintereso (produqtiuli, moulodneli, problemuri da sxva) SekiTxva. iqamde,

44
sanam moswavleebi TavianT namuSevrebs warmoadgenen jgufebSi an mTeli klasis winaSe, maT unda ga-
moTqvan mosazreba, Tu ra kriteriumebze dayrdnobiT miiRes gadawyvetileba.

1. SesaZlebelia, yvelam sworad ver upasuxa. am SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebels SeuZlia Caiweros es

SekiTxvebi, raTa momavalSi isev daubrundes.
2. Tu maswavlebeli samuSaos gakveTilis bolos atarebs, SesaZlebelia Semdegi gakveTili swored
am SekiTxvebis safuZvelze dagegmos.
3. SesaZlebelia, amgvari samuSaos Catarebisas dagrovdes Zalian bevri SekiTxva an zogadi xasi-
aTis SekiTxvebi. isini maswavlebelma unda Seinaxos da periodulad daubrundes masalis ufro
Rrmad Seswavlis mizniT. amave dros mas eqneba saSualeba, miiRos obieqturi informacia, Tu ra
Temebi da sakiTxebi ainteresebT moswavleebs.

bolos kidev erTxel gagaxsenebT blumis taqsonomias. am strategias maswavleblebis umetesoba

kargad icnobs, Tumca mainc ganvixilavT, radgan es mniSvnelovania damwyebi pedagogebisTvis. blumis
taqsonomiis codna pedagogs exmareba: a) dagegmos gakveTilebi sirTulis mzardi xarisxiT; b) gadaamow-
mos arsebuli codnis Sesabamisoba gansazRvrul miznebTan; g) daakvirdes moswavleebs, aqvT Tu ara
gansazRvruli inteleqtualuri miRwevebisTvis Sesaferisi unarebi; d) gakveTili mxolod codnis gad-
acemiT ar Semoifarglos; e) saSinao da saklaso davalebebi/gamocdebi/testebi ise iyos formulirebu-
li, rom SesaZlebeli iyos miRwevis doneebad maTi dalageba; v) obieqturad Seafasos swavlis Sedegebi.
zogadad, azrovnebis unarebis ganviTarebis es meTodi ase SeiZleba ganvmartoT _ martividan rTuli-
saken. konkretulad ki, is 6 safexurs moicavs. cxrilSi warmodgenilia SekiTxvebi, romlebic gamoxat-
avs azrovnebis sxvadasxva safexurs dablidan maRlisaken.

taqsonomiis sqema:

doneebi kiTxvebi miznebi

aris es ukeTesi gadawyvetileba?
romelia SenTvis ufro misaRebi?
daasabuTe: rogoria Seni azri?
6
ra damokidebuleba gaqvs?
Sefaseba
ra kriteriumebiT Seafaseb?
ra gadawyvetilebebs miiRebdi Sen?
ra SeiZleba yofiliyo sxva alter-
5 natiuli gza? ra moxdeboda, Tu..?
sinTezi
4 ra msgavsebebia? ra gansxvavebebi?
Seadare: ra aris amis mizezi? Sede-
analizi gi? ratom fiqrob ase?
ra SekiTxvebs dasvamdi? iqneboda es
3 gamoyeneba informacia mniSvnelovani? SegiZlia
daajgufo am niSnis mixedviT?
Seni sityvebiT rogor ityvi? rogor
fiqrob, ratom? ra iyo ZiriTadi
azri? idea? SegiZlia moitano maga-
2 gageba
liTi?
ra moxda? rodis? ratom? ra aris
1 codna swori? ra moxda Semdeg?
ramdeni monawileobda? SegiZlia
CamoTvalo?
moswavlem Seafasos, miiRos gadawyvetile-
bebi,
argumentirebulad daasabuTos, daskvnebi
gaakeTos.
moswavlem Seqmnas, moifiqros, dageg-
mos, SeimuSaos, daasabuTos, ramdenad
Seesabameba miRebuli daskvna im mo-
nacemebs, romelTa safuZvelzec gakeTda
is.
moswavlem daakavSiros, gaaanalizos,
Seadaros, ganasxvaos, axsnas, daasabuTos.
ramdenad iyenebs moswavle miRebul cod-
nas, ramdenad SeuZlia demonstrireba
moaxdinos, aagos, daasrulos.
gavigoT, ramdenad gaigo, axsna, ganazoga-
da moswavlem is, rac waikiTxa, iswavla.
yvela es kiTxva emsaxureba erT mizans _
codnis gaRrmavebas. moswavlem unda gan-
sazRvros, aRweros, moyves, CamoTvalos.

45
 am SemTxvevaSic warmogidgenT kiTxvebs da savaraudo pasuxebs konkretuli gakveTilis magali-
Tze. es gakveTilia „xalxTa didi gadasaxleba“. 1. romel saukuneSi daiwyo „xalxTa didi gadasaxle­
ba“? _ IV saukuneSi (codna); 2. ra procesma Seuwyo xeli germanuli tomebis romis imperiis miwebisken
gadaadgilebas? _ hunebis da alanebis aRmosavleTidan Semosevebma (gageba); 3. konturul rukaze ga­
daitane germanuli tomebis _ vest da ost goTebis, vandalebis, frankebis, burgundebis, langobar­
debis, anglebis, saqsebis, iutebis marSruti (gamoyeneba); 4. ramdenad swori gadawyvetileba miiRes
romis imperatorebma, rodesac samxedro samsaxuris sanacvlod saSualeba misces germanul tomebs,
dasaxlebuliyvnen imperiis miwebze? _ aq moswavlem unda gaaanalizos is politikuri viTareba, ra­
mac iZulebuli gaxada imperatorebi, es nabiji gadaedgaT. adre Tu gvian, es germanuli mosaxleoba
SesaZloa imperiis winaaRmdeg gamosuliyo an axal-axali privilegiebi moeTxova (analizi); 5. hunebis
Tavdasxmebi rom ara, daecemoda Tu ara dasavleT romis imperia? _ aq moswavlem iseTi viTarebis mod­
elireba unda moaxdinos, rac realurad ar momxdara (sinTezi); 6. ra Sedegi mohyva „xalxTa did ga­
dasaxlebas“? _ moswavle Seafasebs am istoriuli procesis Sedegebs; rogor Seicvala evropis poli­
tikuri ruka! (Sefaseba)
mniSvnelovania diskusiis meTodis gamoyeneba swavlebis dros. rogorc iciT, diskusia erT-erTi
yvelaze gavrcelebuli meTodia. mas ramdenime ZiriTadi mizani aqvs: moswavleebi CavrToT sagakveTilo
procesSi da mivceT sakuTari azrebis gamoTqmis SesaZlebloba; gavarkvioT, ramdenad kargad gaiges
maT sagakveTilo masala; ganvuviTaroT sakomunikacio unar-Cvevebi; ganvumtkicoT sakuTari Tavisadmi
rwmena. imisaTvis, rom diskusia Sedegiani iyos, aucilebelia, msjeloba mxolod SerCeuli Temis irgvliv
mimdinareobdes. xSiria SemTxvevebi, roca xdeba Temidan gadaxveva _ moswavleebi Temidan gadauxveven, axal
azrs ganaviTareben da masze iwyeben msjelobas. maswavlebeli unda flobdes situacias. kargi diskusia
mxolod is aris, romelic erT konkretul mizans emsaxureba. maswavlebeli ki exmareba moswavleebs, rom
Temebi sainteresod gaiSalos, rom moswavleebma imsjelon sadiskusio Temebze da ara meorexarisxovan
ideebze. maswavlebelma iseTi SekiTxvebi unda dasvas, romlebic xels Seuwyobs diskusiis warmarTvas,
Temis gaSlas. yvela moswavles unda mieces Tanabari saSualeba, gamoTqvas Tavisi azri da gamoxatos
sakuTari pozicia. am dros saWiroa sokrates meTodis gamoyeneba: „me aravis arafers vaswavli, radgan
Tavad araferi vici, ubralod, kiTxvebs vusvam“. sokrates meTodi gulisxmobs diskusiis warmarTvisas
problemuri SekiTxvebis dasmas. mag.: ras fiqrobT amis Sesaxeb? ra ganmartebebi gWirdebaT amisTvis?
am etapze maswavlebeli moswavleebs informacias ki ar aZlevs, aramed cdilobs, isini damoukideblad
mividnen problemis gadawyvetamde. gakveTilze diskusiis dros maswavlebels sWirdeba yvela tipis
SekiTxvis gamoyeneba. daxuruli SekiTxvebi (konkretuli pasuxebi) emsaxureba mizans _ gavigoT, ramdenad
iswavla moswavlem esa Tu is sakiTxi, SevamowmoT codna. Ria SekiTxvebi aucilebelia diskusiis
warmarTvis dros da azrovnebis zeda safexurs ganekuTvneba. es niSnavs, rom moswavles aqvs codna,
aqvs misi gagebisa da gamoyenebis unari da Ria SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacemiT gadadis azrovnebis maRal
safexurze: Seafasos, daskvnebi gaakeTos, daasabuTos, Seqmnas. sasurvelia, diskusia dasruldes SejamebiT,
daskvnebis gamotaniT, klasSi gacemuli pasuxebis analiziT. aqac ganvixiloT konkretuli gakveTili:
„didi omianoba egrisSi“. bizantieli sardlebis mier mefis, gubaz II-is mokvlis Semdeg egrisSi Catarda
saxalxo kreba, sadac erTmaneTs daupirispirda ori pozicia: probizantiuri (fartaZi) da prosparsuli
(aieti). aq maswavlebelma SeiZleba gamarTos diskusia Temaze: romeli poziciaa ufro misaRebi egrisis
mosaxleobisTvis? moitaneT argumentebi orive poziciis gasamyareblad.
Zalian produqtiulia adgilebze, mag., muzeumSi gakveTilis Catareba. Tu gakveTilad gaqvT „didi
omianoba egrisSi“, wadiT muzeumSi, sadac warmodgenilia sabrZolo nivTebi (Tu TqvenTan axlos aseTi
muzeumi ar aris, sainformacio sivrceSi moiZieT aseTi nivTebi da moswavleebs uCveneT proeqtoriT).
SegiZliaT gakveTili warmarToT aseTi formiT: gakveTils iwyebT kiTxvebis dasmiT. 1. ra nivTebs xedavT
sagamofeno sivrceSi? mosalodneli pasuxi: daasaxeleben samSeneblo da sameurneo keramikas, WurWels,
WiSkris sakets, eklesiis detalebs (antefiqsebi, xaris Tavi...), sxvadasxva nagebobis gegmebs da sqemebs
da a.S. Semdeg gaacaniT moswavleebs gakveTilis Tema. am gakveTilze Cven yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT
samxedro sferosTan dakavSirebul artefaqtebze. 2. daakvirdiT warmodgenil nivTebs. Tqveni azriT,
romeli maTgania samxedro saqmesTan dakavSirebuli? ratom fiqrobT ase? ras warmoadgens TiToeuli

46
nivTi? mosalodneli pasuxi: yuradRebas gaamaxvileben Subis da isris pirebze, satevrebze, mrgval qvebze
(Surdulis qvebze da yumbarebze, romlebsac isrodnen lodsatyorcnebiT, kedlis sangrevi manqanebiT
_ evropuli saxelebia balistebi, erebuSe da a.S.). 3. Tqveni azriT, romeli maTgani gamoiyeneboda
xelCarTuli brZolis dros? mosalodneli pasuxi: Subis da isris pirebi, sabrZolo culi, satevari,
Surdulis qvebi da a.S. 4. Tqveni azriT, warmodgenil nivTebs Soris aris iseTi, romelic xelCarTuli
brZolis dros ar gamoiyeneboda da mas, magaliTad, cixesimagris alyis dros iyenebdnen? ratom fiqrobT
ase? mosalodneli pasuxi: qvis yumbarebi. maT isrodnen kedlebis (galavnebis) dasangrevad. 5. Zvel droSi
brZolebi umravles SemTxvevaSi cixesimagreebis dauflebisTvis mimdinareobda. ratom aniWebdnen did
mniSvnelobas cixesimagris aRebas? ra funqcia hqonda cixesimagres mis irgvliv mdebare soflebisTvis?
mosalodneli pasuxi: cixesimagreebi icavdnen qveynis regionebs, olqebs; ZiriTadad isini igeboda savaWro
da Sida gzebis gayolebaze da icavda maT; aseve zogierT patara cixes hqonda sadazvervo funqcia da isini
agebuli iyo aseve gzebis gaswvriv. es cixeebi akontrolebdnen qveyanaSi mtris gadaadgilebas da informacias
awvdidnen dedaqalaqSi an romelime olqis centrSi, did qalaqebsa da banakebSi dislocirebul jars.
mtris gamoCenis SemTxvevaSi soflebSi mcxovrebi mosaxleoba cixesimagreebs afarebda Tavs. aq SegiZliaT
gaagrZeloT kiTxvebi: 6. rogor fiqrobT, rogor SeiZleboda (ra meTodebiT) gamagrebuli cixesimagris
aReba? 7. xom ar gsmeniaT cixis asaRebi specialuri sainJinro nagebobebis, manqanebis Sesaxeb? 8. rogor
SeeZloT ziani mieyenebinaT gamagrebuli galavnisaTvis? mosalodneli pasuxebi: pirdapiri SeteviT. am
SemTxvevaSi mowinaaRmdege iyenebda sxvadasxva teqnologias: lodsatyorcnebs (isroda qvis yumbarebs,
did lodebs, zogjer navTobiT an zeTiT gaJRenTil cecxlmokidebul yumbarebs); kedlis sangrev
manqanebs (xis did Zels win ukeTebdnen liTonis, ufro xSirad rkinis pirs da specialur razms mihqonda
galavanTan an xis WiSkarTan da meTodurad urtyamdnen, raTa galavani an WiSkari SeengriaT. am razms
icavda specialuri xis mowyobiloba, romelic dafaruli iyo aseve xiT an sxva masaliT, mag., tyavebiT,
raTa razmis wevrebi cixis damcvelebs ar gaenadgurebinaT); razmis damcvel specialur xis mowyobilobas,
romelic galavanTan mihqondaT, razmis wevrebs saZirkveli rom gamoeTxaraT; rkinis kauWian xis Zelebs
(am kauWebiT mowinaaRmdege cdilobda, moeZro galavnebis fasadis qvebi da amiT kedlebs asustebdnen,
raTa Semdeg lodsatyorcnebiT advilad gaengriaT); specialur xis koSkebs (isini adgilze mzaddeboda,
maT ukeTebdnen xis borblebs, raTa galavanTan miegorebinaT. es koSkebi aucileblad galavnis simaRlis
an cota maRali unda yofiliyo. maT hqondaT specialuri xidebi, romlebsac galavanTan migorebisTanave
gadadebdnen da aqedan jaris nawili, romelic koSkSi imaleboda, gadadioda qalaqis, cixis kedelze
da iq ebrZoda cixis damcvelebs. es koSkebi winidan dafaruli iyo) da a.S. 9. Tqveni azriT, ramden
xans SeiZleboda gagrZelebuliyo cixis alya? an gaeZlo cixesimagres alyisaTvis? raze iqneboda
damokidebuli alyis xangrZlivoba? mosalodneli pasuxebi: es damokidebuli iyo ramdenime faqtorze:
a) resursebze _ sursaTisa da wylis maragze, SeiaraRebaze; b) cixesimagris garnizonis raodenobaze
(magaliTad, cixegojis dacvas sakmaod didi raodenobis jari sWirdeboda. 542-562 ww. egrisSi mimdinare
„didi omianobis“ dros egriselebTan erTad cixegoj-arqeopoliss 3 000-kaciani bizantiuri garnizoni
icavda. Tu jaris raodenoba sakmarisi ar iqneboda, maSin mowinaaRmdege SeZlebda qalaqis, cixesimagris
aRebas; g) qalaqis gamagrebis sistemasa da TavdacviTi nagebobebis simyareze (aq SeiZleba uCvenoT cixegojis
gegmaze aRmosavleTiT sami galavani; auxsnaT, rom qalaqi isea agebuli, Seteva mxolod aRmosavleTidanaa
SesaZlebeli. aseve auxseniT ori WiSkris perpendikularuli ganlageba. erTi WiSkris aRebis SemTxvevaSi
mowinaaRmdege moxvdeboda xafangSi. patara monakveTSi karis amRebi razmi unda Semotrialebuliyo
da aeRo meore WiSkari. am dros mas aq xvdeboda koSki da meore da mesame galavani, saidanac qalaqis
damcvelebi advilad gaanadgurebdnen mowinaaRmdeges); d) aseve qalaqis damcvelebis profesionalizmze
(xSirad momxdara, rom romelime mxdarTmTavris an qalaqis, cixis garnizonis meTauris Secdomis gamo
damarcxebulan an cixe-qalaqi dacemula).
aq warmodgenili scenari SeiZleba gakveTilze srulad ar ganxorcieldes. mini-leqciis dros ki
Tqven SegiZliaT moswavleebs ufro siRrmiseulad warmoudginoT sakiTxi. swored aseTi kiTxvebis Sem-
deg SegiZliaT CaataroT mini-leqcia VI saukuneSi egrisis samefosa da misi sagareo politikis Sesaxeb.
SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT amave saukunis bizantieli mematianis prokopi kesarielis cnoba petrasTan brZo-
lis Taobaze (es wyaro gaamravleT da moswavleebs daurigeT) da Semdeg isev dasviT SekiTxvebi: CamoT­

47
valeT is sabrZolo iaraRebi, romlebic VI saukuneSi omis dros gamoiyeneboda; daasaxeleT is faqtore­
bi, romlebic, Tqveni azriT, brZolaSi gamarjvebis misaRwevadaa aucilebeli. am tipis gakveTili, Cveni
azriT, bevrad ufro saintereso da produqtiuli iqneba.

4. informacia moswavlis wignis/rveulis Sesaxeb

moswavlis wigni Sedgeba 3 Tavisa da 47 paragrafisgan. es Tavebia: 1 _ preistoriuli/qvis xana,

2 _ brinjaos xana/Zveli aRmosavleTi, 3 _ antikuri da gvianantikuri xana. me-3 Tavi ori qveTavisgan
Sedgeba: qveTavi a. saqarTvelo da garesamyaro elinur-elinistur periodSi; qveTavi b. saqarTvelo da
garesamyaro romaul epoqaSi. TiToeul TavSi warmodgenilia daaxloebiT im raodenobis paragrafebi,
rac rekomendebulia VII klasis istoriis saswavlo gegmis mier. saxelmZRvanelos paragrafebs darTuli
aqvs mdidari vizualuri masala (rukebi, fotoebi, naxatebi da a.S.), romelTa umetesobas garkveuli
datvirTva aqvs. moswavles eZleva davalebebi, sadac man unda gaaanalizos rukebi Tu naxatebi. aseve
paragrafebSi motanilia pirveladi da meoradi wyaroebi. moswavlem unda waikiTxos da gaaanalizos
isini. TiToeul Tavs darTuli aqvs Semajamebeli samuSaoebi, romelTa Sesrulebac gawerilia ramden-
ime dReze (pirveli, mesame da meoTxe Tavebis _ sam, xolo meore Tavis _ oTx gakveTilze). Cven mier
gamoyenebuli pirobiTi niSnebi ganmartebulia moswavlis wignSi, amitom aq maTi xelmeored ganmarteba
zedmetad gveCveneba.
moswavlis rveulSi mocemulia sxvadasxva tipis davaleba: konturuli rukebi, romlebic moswav-
leebma unda Seavson; Sesavsebi cxrilebi, sadac sxvadasxva tipis wyarodan (ruka an werlobiTi wyaro)
mopovebuli informacia unda gadaitanon an daajgufon; moswavlis wignSivea motanili geografiuli
rukebi, romlebic daexmareba maT sxvadasxva davalebis SesrulebaSi.

5. maswavleblis wignis praqtikuli nawili

5.1. Tavis/nawilis/ganyofilebis daniSnuleba, maTi swavlebis miznebi, SeswavlisTvis saWiro

mzaoba/diagnostika

ukve aRvniSneT, rom saxelmZRvanelo dayofilia sam Tavad (Tematuri da qronologiuri principiT).
Tavi I _ moicavs preistoriul xanas, periods adamianis gaCenidan liTonis iaraRis gaCenamde; Tavi II _
moicavs brinjaos xanas, Zveli aRmosavleTis qveynebs da maTTan saqarTvelos urTierTobas; III TavSi
ki ganxilulia saqarTvelos urTierToba antikur samyarosTan _ saberZneTsa da romTan. pirveli Tav-
is saerTo mizania pirvelyofil sazogadoebaSi mimdinare movlenebis qronologiurad da tipologi-
urad (ekonomikuri da socialuri niSniT) dajgufeba; geografiuli garemosa da meurneobis tipebis
urTierTkavSiris, adamianis cxovrebaSi miwaTmoqmedebisa da mesaqonleobis ganviTarebiT gamowveuli
mniSvnelobis gansazRvra.
meore TavSi moswavle miwaTmoqmedebis ganviTarebas daukavSirebs sameurneo iaraRis gaumjobese-
basa da liTonis iaraRis gamogonebas; Zveli aRmosavleTis qveynebze dakvirvebiT imsjelebs saxelmwi-
fos maxasiaTeblebze; gaaanalizebs qarTuli saxelmwifoebis urTierTobis xasiaTs Zveli aRmosavleTis
qveynebTan. mesame Tavis miznebia: saberZneTsa da romTan saqarTvelos urTierTobis sxvadasxva aspeqtis
gaanalizeba, elinizmis niSnebis gaazreba da misi dakavSireba TanamedroveobasTan (magaliTad, glo-
balizaciasTan). TiToeul Tavs axlavs Semajamebeli samuSao. Tumca gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom am samuSaoe-
bs mxolod sarekomendacio xasiaTi aqvs da maswavlebels SeuZlia maTi modificireba an sxva formiT
Catareba, anu Tqveni klasis saWiroebebidan gamomdinare, SegiZliaT SecvaloT isini. qvemoT dagegmil

48
gakveTilebTan mocemulia Cveni saxelmZRvanelos ramdenime gakveTilisa da Semajamebeli davalebebis
scenarebi.
gakveTilebis dagegmvis dros unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli gakveTilis samfaziani modeli, romel-
ic moicavs: a) gamowvevas, b) siRrmiseul wvdomas da g) refleqsia/Sejamebis fazas.
gamowveva (Sesavali), anu gakveTilis sawyisi faza, romelic gulisxmobs mocemul sakiTxze, saganze
an movlenaze arsebuli codnis, gancdebis, STabeWdilebebis gaaqtiurebas. moswavleebi iwyeben axal
Temaze fiqrs. xdeba maTi gaaqtiureba, interesis gazrda, rac sakiTxis kvlevis provocirebas uwyobs
xels.
siRrmiseuli wvdoma (masalis miwodeba), anu Ziebis faza Sesaswavli sakiTxis Sinaarsis gagebasa da
aRqmas uwyobs xels. am etapze xdeba arsebuli codnisa da axali informaciis Sejereba. siRrmiseuli
wvdomis upirvelesi amocanaa gamowvevis fazaSi gaRviZebuli interesis SenarCuneba da ganmtkiceba.
gaazrebis, refleqsiis etapze moswavleebi amTlianeben arsebul da axlad miRebul codnas, xdeba
azrTa gacvla-gamocvla, msjeloba. iyo refleqsuri _ niSnavs, iyo sakuTari Tavis damkvirvebeli da
piruTvneli Semfasebeli. refleqsiis dros maswavlebels SesaZlebloba aqvs:

• gaaanalizos, daasabuTos an gaakritikos Tavisi gadawyvetilebebi;

• ifiqros ama Tu im saswavlo teqnikis gamoyenebisas moswavleTa reaqciebze da maT ukukavSirze;
• gansazRvros saSualebebi sakuTari praqtikuli unarebis gasaumjobeseblad.

refleqsia gvaiZulebs, pasuxismgebloba aviRoT swavlebasa da swavlaze, gamovkveToT gasaum-

jobesebeli mimarTulebebi. qvemoT mocemuli kiTxvebi dagexmarebaT refleqsiisTvis:

• mivaRwieT Tu ara dasaxul miznebs?

• ganvixileT Tu ara yvela sakiTxi?
• Tu ara _ ratom? ra iyo Catarebuli gakveTilis Zlieri mxare?
• raa gasaumjobesebeli da rogor? ras gaviTvaliswineb momavalSi?

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, skolaSi maswavleblebi xSirad iyeneben moswavleTa TviTSefasebas. isic
vTqviT, rom erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, TviTSefaseba miekuTvneba ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis
tips da ganixileba, rogorc ganviTarebis dinamikis kontrolisa da swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebis
saSualeba. TviTSefaseba pirovnebisgan iseT unarebs moiTxovs, rogorebicaa: gulwrfeloba, TviTkri-
tikisa da TviTanalizis unari, situaciis sworad Sefasebis unari. moswavleTa TviTSefasebis gamoy-
enebis SemTxvevaSi moswavles unda miawodoT konkretulad gawerili Sefasebis rubrika, sadac ar iqneba
bundovani, zogadi debulebebi.

5.2. winare codna da gamocdileba. sxvadasxva saxis testuri davalebebis nimuSebi

saxelmZRvanlo Sedgenilia ise, rom gaTvaliswinebulia moswavleTa winare codna. konkretulad,

gaTvaliswinebulia is codna da unarebi, rac moswavleebma SeiZines dawyebiT safexurze, kerZod V-VI
klasebSi, sagnis „Cveni saqarTvelo“ Seswavlis Sedegad. sagani „Cveni saqarTvelo“ sazogadoebrivi
mecnierebebis safuZvlebis integrirebul swavlebas gulisxmobs. mis farglebSi moswavle, asakis Se-
sabamisad, saqarTvelos mxareebis (mag.: qarTlis, kaxeTis, guriis da a.S.) geografias, istorias, eT-
nografiul Taviseburebebsa da Tanamedrove mdgomareobas Seiswavlis. sagnis swavla-swavlebis pro-
cesSi moswavles cnobismoyvareoba gauRvivdeba qveynis warsulisa da awmyos mimarT; mxaris geografias
daukavSirebs istorias, kulturasa da eTnografias. gauCndeba motivacia, sakuTari wvlili Seitanos
sazogado problemebis gadaWraSi. es mas samSoblos siyvarulis grZnobas gauRvivebs da samoqalaqo

49
cnobierebis CamoyalibebaSi daexmareba. sagani „Cveni saqarTvelo“ miznad isaxavs, daexmaros moswavles
sakuTari qveynis mravalmxrivad danaxvasa da SecnobaSi, gauRvivos cnobismoyvareoba qveynis warsuli-
sa da Tanamedroveobis mimarT, gaacnobierebinos, rom eTnografiuli, bunebrivi, eTnikuri, religi-
ur-kulturuli mravalferovneba Cveni qveynis simdidrea, Camouyalibos mzrunveli damokidebuleba
regionisa da qveynis mimarT, daexmaros sazogadoebisa da saxelmwifos wevrad Tavis aRqmaSi, sazo-
gadoebrivi mecnierebebis swavlisaTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebaSi, samoqalaqo cnobierebis
CamoyalibebaSi da ganuviTaros samoqalaqo sazogadoebaSi cxovrebisTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebi. sabazo
safexurze Sesaswavli sagani „istoria“, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, saqarTvelos da msoflios istoriis
integrirebul sawvlebas gulisxmobs, amave dros dominanti Cveni qveynis istoriaa. dawyebiT safexurze
naswavli masala ki daexmareba moswavleebs, ufro siRrmiseulad gaacnobieron sakuTari samSoblos
istoria, Tan dainaxon is msoflio istoriis konteqstSi. gakveTilebic ise unda daigegmos, rom moswav-
lem gaiazros Cveni qveynis warsuli da gaaanalizos movlenebi sxva qveynebTan (mag., mezobel saxelmwi-
foebTan) urTierTobis gaTvaliswinebiT. amavdroulad aucilebelia, moswavlem istoriuli warsuli
daukavSiros Tanamedrove gamowvevebs (mag., elinizmi _ globalizacia).
axali sagnobrivi standartis mixedviT, mizanSewonili ar aris Semajamebel gakveTilebze testire-
bis Catareba. amis gaTvaliswinebiT, TiToeul Tavs Tan erTvis sxvadasxva saxis Semajamebeli davaleba,
romlis Sesaxeb rekomendaciebic qvemoTaa mocemuli. rac Seexeba testirebas, girCevT, aseTi saklaso
aqtivobebi, Tundac mimdinare saklaso davalebis saxiT, naklebad CaataroT. Tumca Zalian iSviaTad
SesaZlebelia swored mimdinare saklaso weriTi aqtivobebis dros Seavson moswavleebma sxvadasxva ti-
pis testi. gvesmis, rom standartSi aseTi saxis aqtivoba ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli; Tumca imis gamo,
rom erovnul gamocdebze jerjerobiT isev gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva tipis testebi, migvaCnia, rom moswav-
leebs warmodgena unda hqondeT msgavs davalebebze. amis garda, maswavleblebis nawili saswavlo wlis
ganmavlobaSi atarebs „piradi praqtikis kvlevas“, rac maT aZlevs mniSvnelovan informacias sakuTari
pedagogiuri praqtikis Taobaze (am tipis aqtivobas miesalmeba maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTare-
bis erovnuli centri). aseTi kvlevis dros ki, kvlevisa da intervenciebis Sefasebis etapze, ZiriTad
meTodebTan erTad (dakvirveba, interviu, fokus-jgufi da gamokiTxva), gamoiyeneba damatebiTi, damx-
mare meTodi _ diagnostikuri wera, romelic xSirad testirebis saxiT tardeba da maswavlebels aZlevs
mdidar, statistikur informacias. yovelive zemoTqmulis gamo, mogawvdiT informacias sxvadasxva
testuri davalebis Sesaxeb. kidev vimeorebT: Semajamebel gakveTilebze testireba ar CaataroT.
yvelaze xSirad gamoiyeneba testirebis forma, romelic diagnostirebis saSualebas iZleva. testu-
ri davalebis tipebia: a. „WeSmaritia-mcdaria“; b. mravali arCeviTi pasuxiT; g. Sesabamisobis gansazRvra;
d. swori Tanamimdevrobis dadgena; e. testebi Ria daboloebiT.
a. WeSmaritia-mcdaria tipis testis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebia: gamoiyeneba, roca didi moculobis
masalis codna mokle droSi unda Sefasdes; advilia qulebis daTvla; SemTxveviT gamocnobis albaToba
50%-ia; aseTi testiT ver Semowmdeba moswavlis maRali donis unarebi.
b. testi mravali arCeviTi pasuxiT yvelaze xSirad gamoiyeneba. is gvxvdeba erovnul gamocdebzec
da TiTqmis nebismieri testirebis dros. misi ZiriTadi maxasiaTebelia is, rom mocemulia piroba, sa-
dac mtkicebulebaa Camoyalibebuli da agreTve _ pasuxis variantebic;
g. Sesabamisobis gansazRvra _ gamoiyeneba testSi mocemul pirobasa da pasuxs Soris korelaciis
dadgenisas, mag.:

• terminebi da ganmartebebi;
• istoriuli movlenebi da TariRebi;
• elementebi da simboloebi;
• mizezebi da maT mier gamowveuli Sedegebi;
• diagramebi, naxatebi da maTi interpretaciebi da a.S.

d. swori Tanamimdevrobis gansazRvra _ gamoiyeneba, roca gvinda SevafasoT, ramdenad sworad icis
moswavlem movlenebis/procesebis Tanamimdevroba. am dros xdeba: masalis gaxseneba, analizi, sinTezi.
am saxis davalebis Sedgena rTulia yvela sferoSi. zogan arc iyeneben.
50
 rekomendaciebi meTodis gamoyenebis Taobaze:

• SearCieT iseTi davaleba, romelSic Tanamimdevrobis dacvas arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs;

• testur davalebas daurTeT martivi da gasagebi instruqcia.

e. testebi Ria daboloebiT amowmebs maRali donis kognitur unarebs. moswavle Tavisufalia
azrovnebaSi. aseTi tipis davaleba gamoiyeneba maSin, rodesac drois mcire monakveTSi didi moculobis
masalis codnis Semowmeba gvinda. msgavsi tipis davalebas standartuli instruqcia axlavs Tan: „CasviT
gamotovebuli sityva“ an „daasruleT fraza“ da a.S. aqvs Zlieri da susti mxareebi.

Zlieri mxareebi:
• swrafi da ekonomiuri meTodia;
• codnas swrafad da sistematurad amowmebs;
• obieqturia da Tavisufalia subieqtivizmisgan;
• yvela moswavle Tanabar pirobebSia.

susti mxareebia:
• nakleb informacias iZleva moswavlis potencialis, SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb;
• testis Sedegze SeiZleba imoqmedos emociurma fonma an motivaciam.

5.3. gakveTilebis scenarebi _ pirveli* Tavis yvela gakveTilis sarekomendacio scenari da

yoveli momdevno Tavidan aranakleb 1 gakveTilis (maT Soris sxvadasxva tipis: Semajamebeli da
a.S. gakveTilebi) sarekomendacio scenari

maswavleblis wignis am nawilSi mogawvdiT gakveTilebisa da Semajamebeli davalebebis scenarebs.

gakveTilebis scenarebi Tavebis mixedviT araTanabradaa mowodebuli, radgan maswavleblis wignis sare-
komendacio struqturiT gaTvaliswinebulia (27.04.2017-1), rom pirveli Tavidan warmodgenili unda
iyos yvela paragrafis sarekomendacio scenari, xolo danarCenebidan _ 1-1. Cven mogawvdiT pirveli
Tavis yvela paragrafis sarekomendacio scenars; aseve meore Tavis 2 da mesame Tavis 4 (TiToeuli
qveTavidan 2-2) paragrafis scenars.

* იგულისხმება პირველივე თავი, რომელიც არ არის განვლილი მასალის განმეორება.

51
 gakveTilis sarekomendacio scenarebi
(gakveTilis sakvanZo kiTxvebi paragrafebis saTaurebs imeorebs)

I Tavi. preistoria/qvis xana

1. ra aris istoria? rogor gavigoT Cveni warsulis Sesaxeb?

gakveTilis mizani/miznebi: istorias sxvadasxva tipis (nivTieri, werilobiTi, vizualuri da a.S.) wy­
aroebis saSualebiT vswavlobT.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: istoriuli mecniereba: dro _ cvalebadoba, sazoga­
doeba _ ekonomika, kultura; wyaro-faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: istoriisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) istoriis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva tipis wyaroebi, maT Soris arqeologiuri,
mogviTxrobs; b) nebismieri qveynis istoria erTian konteqstSi (msoflios istoriasTan mimarTebaSi)
unda ganvixiloT.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da mso-
flmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis unikalurobis Cveneba;
ist. sab. 10. qveynis warsulis, awmyosa da momavlis erTian konteqstSi gaazreba.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, damatebiTi wyaro

aqtivoba 1 _ gakveTilis Temisa da miznis gacnoba. istoriis sagnis Sesaxeb aqtiuri mini-leqcia kiTx-
va-pasuxiT (10 wT.)
maswavlebeli mokled acnobs klass gakveTilis Temasa da mizans, Semdeg moswavleebs usvams SekiTx-
vebs: ra aris istoria? ras Seiswavlis es sagani? pasuxebis miRebis Semdeg ufro dawvrilebiT esaubreba
istoriis sagnis Taobaze. zogi mecniereba bunebas, garesamyaros Seiswavlis, zogi _ adamians, sazoga-
doebas, zogi ki _ ricxvebs. adamianis, sazogadoebis Semswavlel mecnierebebs sazogadoebrivi mecnier-
ebebi ewodeba. swored maT ricxvs miekuTvneba istoriac, e.i. istoriis Seswavlis saganic adamiania.
aq SeiZleba maswavlebelma waukiTxos moswavleebs ilia WavWavaZis cnobili gamonaTqvami istoriis
raobis Taobaze: `Cven ara erTxel gviTqvams, rom eris pirqve damxoba, gaTaxsireba, gawyaleba iqidam
daiwyeba, roca igi Taviss istorias iviwyebs, roca mas xsovna ekargeba Tavisis warsulisa, Tavisis yofi­
lis cxovrebisa. daviwyeba istoriisa, Tavisis warsulisa da yofilis cxovrebis aRmofxvra xsovnisagan
momaswavebelia eris suliT da xorciT moSlisa, darRvevisa da mTlad warwymedisaca. warsuli mkvidri
saZirkvelia awmyosi, rogorc awmyo momavlisa. es sami sxvadasxva xana, sxvadasxva Jami eris cxovrebisa
isea erTmanaTzed gadabmuli, rom erTi umeorod warmoudgeneli, gaugebari da gamoucnobia. amitomac
aris naTqvami erTis brZnisgan, rom awmyo, Sobili warsulisgan, aris mSobeli mermisisao... Svilma unda
icodes, sad da razed gaCerda mama, rom iqidam daiwyos cxovrebis uRelis weva. Svils unda gamorkveuli
hqondes, raSi iyo marTali da kargi misi mama, raSi iyo Semcdari... uamisod TiTon Svili, rac ginda mxne
da gamrjeli iyos, uxorTumo spilos egvaneba, daviT guramiSvilisa ar iyos, da am wuTisofelSi veras
gaxdeba… romelia simagre Cvenis cxovrebisa da romeli sifuye da sisuste, amas xsnis da gviTargmnis
xolme marto istoria, da Tu igi daviviwyeT, maS dagviviwynia Cvenis cxovrebis saZirkveli, da Tu asea,
raRazed unda davamyaroT Cveni awmyo, Cveni mermisi?.. did bunebovan kacTa da saxelovan gmirTa mag­
aliTebiT istoria swurTnis ersa, zrdis, da didebulni saqmeni kidev guls ukeTeben moqmedebisaTvis,
aqezeben, amxneveben. eri Tavis gmirebis cxovrebiTa da magaliTebiT unda hsuldgmulobdes, Tu marTla
eroba hsurs da agrec aris, saca eri erobs“.
am citatis wakiTxvis Semdeg SesaZloa daisvas kiTxvebi: 1. ra aris istoria ilia WavWavaZis azriT?
2. ratom Tvlis ilia saWirod istoriis Seswavlas?

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 aqtivoba 2. gonebrivi ieriSi (10 wT.)
aqtivoba xels uwyobs moswavleebSi SemoqmedebiTi da analitikuri azrovnebis, fantaziisa da war-
mosaxvis unarebis ganviTarebas. moswavleebi eCvevian ara marto TavianTi mosazrebebis gamoTqmas, ar-
amed Tanaklaselebis mosmenasac. xSirad bavSvebi erTmaneTis ideebs imeoreben, amitom saWiroa miTiTe-
ba, rom gansxvavebuli azrebi SemogvTavazon.
adamiani dedamiwaze daaxloebiT 4 milioni wlis win gaCnda. axla warmovidginoT, rogor cxovrobda
im uZveles dros. dasaintereseblad da yuradRebis misaqcevad SesaZlebelia, moswavleebs waakiTxoT
paragrafis Sesavali nawili pirvel kiTxvamde. Semdeg sTxoveT maT, CamoTvalon is gamogonebebi, riTac
dRes vsargeblobT da rac, maTi azriT, ar iqneboda Zvel droSi.
amis Semdeg SeiZleba, klasma upasuxos Semdeg kiTxvebs (moswavleebs ase mimarTeT: esaa sakiTxebi,
romlebic jer ar giswavliaT, Tumca SeiZleba garkveuli warmodgena gqondeT):
• Seni azriT, rodis gaCnda dedamiwaze adamiani?
• Seni azriT, rogor cxovrobdnen uZvelesi adamianebi?
• rogor fiqrob, soflebi da qalaqebi Tavidanve arsebobda? qveynebi?
• imdenive ram icodnen uZvelesma adamianebma, ramdenic _ Cven?
• sad cxovrobdnen?
• riT ikvebebodnen?
• ra Seicvala uZvelesi droidan dRemde?
• Seni azriT, ra iswavla adamianma am drois ganmavlobaSi? da sxv.

aqtivoba 3. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba (5 wT.)

moswavleebi daakvirdebian sur. 1-s da sur. 2-s. hkiTxeT, risi ganviTarebaa ilustraciebze ga-
mosaxuli? am kiTxvis logikuri gagrZelebaa paragrafis pirveli kiTxvac: CamoTvaleT is yvelaferi,
riTac dRes vsargeblobT da rac, Tqveni azriT, ar iqneboda Zvel droSi. am aqtivobaSi mTeli klasi
unda CaerTos.

aqtivoba 4. aqtiuri mini-leqcia (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass mimarTavs: istoria warsulze mogviTxrobs, imaze, rac axla Tqven TqviT da
kidev uamrav rameze, rac ar giTqvamT. mecnierebis es dargi Seiswavlis imas, rac warsulSi moxda.
agrZelebT leqcias da uxsniT paragrafis meore nawilis teqsts (pirveli kiTxvidan davalebebis
blokamde). axsnis procesSive moswavleebs usvamT kiTxvebs, romlebic teqstSia: gaagrZele CamoTvla da
gamoTqvi Seni azri, kidev ras SeiZleba Seiswavlides istoria? Seni azriT, rogor igeben istorikosebi
imis Sesaxeb, rac warsulSi moxda? damwerlobis Seqmnis Semdeg da manamde? da a.S. am aqtivobis dasas-
ruls maswavlebeli xsnis, ra aris istoriuli wyaro da gadadis bolo aqtivobaze.

aqtivoba 5. sadiskusio klubis `norCi mkvlevari~ muSaoba (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli moswavleebs miuTiTebs paragrafis bolo blokze, sadac rubrikaSi `sadiskusio klu-
bi~ mocemulia Tixis WurWeli (sur. 3) da uris Standarti (sur. 4). klubis wevrebi gamoTqvamen azrs
da msjeloben imaze, Tu ra informacia mogvawoda am orma nivTma, rogorc istoriulma wyarom. pa-
suxoben saxelmZRvaneloSi dasmul SekiTxvebs (#3,4,5). maT SeuZliaT, davalebebi wyvilebSi Seasrulon.
maswavlebeli SerCeviT ekiTxeba moswavleebs. SesaZlebelia gaimarTos diskusia.

aqtivoba 6. ukukavSiri klasTan (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass dausvams sakvanZo kiTxvas. pasuxis gacemis Semdeg gakveTils Seajamebs da Sea-
fasebs ganmaviTarebeli zepiri komentariT.

53
 paragrafi 2. rogor ikvleven preistoriul warsuls, rogori iyo uZvelesi adamiani?

gakveTilis mizani/miznebi: preistoriuli epoqis Sesaxeb informaciis mopoveba arqeologiuri da

eTnografiuli masaliT xdeba.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: preistoriuli epoqa: dro _ cvalebadoba, aTaswleu­
li; sivrce _ kontinenti (afrika, evropa, azia), regioni (kavkasia), saqarTvelo; wyaro, istoriuli kvle­
va _ pirveladi, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) preistoriisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa; b) ar-
qeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis movlenebis Seswavla-interpretireba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) preistoria adamianis gaCenidan pirveli saxelmwifoebisa da damwerlobis
Camoyalibebamde periodia; b) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; g) saqarTvelos teritoriaze aRmoCenilia evraziaSi uZvelesi adamianis naSTebi.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis gac-
nobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba;
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-geografi-
uli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 5. faqtebis, interpretaciebis/mosazrebebis da stereotipebis erTmaneTisgan garCeva.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, dafa, moswavlis rveuli
winare codna: istorias sxvadasxva tipis wyaros saSualebiT vswavlobT.

aqtivoba 1. aqtiuri mini-leqcia kiTxva-pasuxiT (15 wT.)

preistoriul da istoriuli droze saubrisas sasurvelia, gamoiyenoT drois xazi _ dafaze gaav-
leT wrfe, gayaviT or monakveTad da TiToeul maTgans saxeli daawereT: preistoriuli dro, istori-
uli dro. es, erTi SexedviT, martivi strategia _ informaciis vizualurad gadmocema _ moswavleebs
drois xazze muSaobas da aseve droSi orientacias aCvevs. amis Semdeg moswavleebs dausviT saxelmZ-
Rvanelos kiTxva 1. 1. Seni azriT, ratom uwodeben damwerlobis Seqmnis Semdgom dros istoriuls?
SesaZloa am etapze ver miiRoT amomwuravi pasuxi. pasuxebis gacemis Semdeg isaubreT preistoriasa da
istoriaze. gaamaxvileT yuradReba axal terminebze: arqeologia, artefaqti. Semdeg kvlav dasviT ig-
ive SekiTxva da saxelmZRvanelos kiTxvebi 2 da 3. 2. riT gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan preistoriuli da
istoriuli periodebi? 3. rogor viRebT informacias preistoriaze?

aqtivoba 2. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze da rukaze muSaoba (10 wT.)

moswavleebi individualurad gaecnobian teqsts _ uZvelesi adamiani (wyaromde) da werilobiT
Seasruleben davalebebs (kiTxvebi 4-8).

aqtivoba 3. prezentacia (10 wT.)

maswavleblis SerCeviT 2-3 moswavle warmoadgens Sesrulebul davalebas.

aqtivoba 4. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba da kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema (5 wT.)

moswavleebi individualurad gaecnobian saxelmZRvanelos teqstis darCenil nawils da upasuxeben
kiTxvebs 9-10.

aqtivoba 5. ukukavSiri klasTan (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass dausvams sakvanZo kiTxvas. pasuxis gacemis Semdeg gakveTils Seajamebs. mas-
wavlebeli prezentaciebs Seafasebs ganmaviTarebeli zepiri komentariT an ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis
Sesabamisi rubrikiT.

54
 paragrafi 3. rogori iyo pirvelyofili adamianis yofa-cxovreba da saqmianoba qvis xanaSi? ra gavlena
moaxdina didma gamyinvarebam uZveles adamianze?

gakveTilis mizani/miznebi: qvis xanis pirveli ori periodis (paleoliTi, mezoliTi) ZiriTadi maxas­
iaTeblebia: qvis, xis da Zvlis iaraRi, jogi, cecxlis gamoyeneba.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: qvis xana: dro _ istoriuli periodi, aTaswleuli;
sivrce _ kavkasia, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ socialuri fena, ekonomika, istoriuli kvleva _ pirve­
ladi da meoradi wyaro, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) Zveli qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (jogi, Semgrove-
bloba-monadireoba) gamokveTa; b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis
movlenebis Seswavla-interpretireba.
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; b) qvis xanaSi ZiriTadad qvis iaraRebs iyenebdnen; g) qvis xanaSi adamianebi Tavdapirvelad joge­
bad cxovrobdnen da monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis gac-
nobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba;
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-geografi-
uli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, moswavlis rveuli, proeqtori, kompiuteri
winare codna: preistoria adamianis gaCenidan pirveli saxelmwifoebisa da damwerlobis Camoyalibe-
bamde periodia; qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTxrobs; saqarTve-
los teritoriaze aRmoCenilia evraziaSi uZvelesi adamianis naSTebi.

aqtivoba 1. kiTxva-pasuxi (3 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass usvams SekiTxvas: sad cxovrobdnen pirvelyofili adamianebi? ras saqmianobd-
nen? pasuxebi gadaaqvs dafaze, T diagramaze, romlis erT nawilSic dawers pasuxebs, romlebic exeba
sacxovriss, xolo meore nawilSi _ saqmianobis sferoebs.

aqtivoba 2. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba da kiTxvebze pasuxi (4 wT.)

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, gadaSalon saxelmZRvanelo Sesabamis gverdze, gaecnon teqsts
(me-4 kiTxvamde) da pasuxi gascen #1-4 kiTxvebs.

aqtivoba 3. prezentacia (4 wT.)

maswavleblis SerCeviT 2 moswavle warmoadgens Sesrulebul davalebas.

aqtivoba 4. aqtiuri mini-leqcia (3 wT.)

maswavlebeli moswavleebs mokled esaubreba gamyinvarebis, cecxlis aTvisebisa da mSvild-isris
gamogonebis Sesaxeb.

aqtivoba 5. videofilmis Cveneba da ganxilva. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LmjeBqpgsoA (15 wT.)

maswavlebeli akeTebs mcire Sesavals: `istoriis am uZveles periodSi dedamiwaze didi klimaturi
cvlilebebi moxda. daiwyo gamyinvareba, romlis drosac evropis udidesi nawili yinulis sqelma fenam
dafara. axla vnaxavT dokumentur films, sadac asaxulia pirvelyofili adamianebis yofa-cxovreba
didi gamyinvarebis dros~. maswavlebeli rTavs films. filmis mimdinareobisas Sesabamis momentebSi
akeTebs komentarebs mSvild-isris gamogonebis, tansacmlis Sekervisa da cecxlis aRmoCenis Taobaze.

55
gamoiyeneT avtoTargmani, romelzec gadaxvalT filmis marjvena qveda kuTxeSi gamosaxuli CC-dan.
daaWireT CC-s. gamoCndeba inglisuri subtitrebi. Semdeg daaWireT CC-s marjvniv gamosaxul mzis
formis niSans. gamoCndeba ramdenime fraza. daaWireT subtitles/CC-s. gamova axali fanjara. moniSneT
qveda fraza: Auto-translate. Gaixsneba axali fanjara, sadac dainaxavT enebis CamonaTvals. monaxeT qar-
Tuli da daaWireT. gamoCndeba qarTuli subtitrebi. gafrTxilebT, rom qarTuli Targmani sakmaod
cudia, magram warmodgenas mainc Seuqmnis moswavleebs. maswavlebelma Tavisi komentarebiTac unda
axsnas filmSi gadmocemuli zogierTi ambavi.

aqtivoba 6. diskusia (10 wT.)

filmis dasrulebis Semdeg imarTeba mini-diskusia. diskusiis pirobebi da Tema paragrafis bolo
blokSia mocemuli. diskusiis monawileebi msjeloben did gamyinvarebaze da pirvelyofili adamianis ga-
mogonebebze, Tu romelia maT Soris yvelaze mniSvnelovani. maswavlebeli moswavleebs miuTiTebs rubri-
kaze (sadiskusio klubis wevrebis mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi) da sTxovs dawyebuli azris dasrulebas.
moswavleebi adareben diskusiis Sedegebs gakveTilis dasawyisSi T-diagramaze gadatanil pasuxebs.

aqtivoba 7. ukukavSiri (4 wT.)

maswavlebeli, diskusiis Sefasebis rubrikis gamoyenebiT, ganmaviTarebeli komentarebiT afasebs
moswavleebs.

aqtivoba 8. saSinao davaleba (2 wT.)

Semdeg aZlevs saSinao davalebas (moswavlis rveuli, dav. #2)

paragrafi 4. rogor Seiqmna gvarovnuli sazogadoeba?

gakveTilis mizani/miznebi: pirvelyofili sazogadoebis socialuri maxasiaTeblebia: ojaxi, gvari,

Temi.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: gvarovnuli Temi: sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (Sromis da­
nawileba); wyaro _ meoradi
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) Zveli qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (jogi, Semgrove-
bloba-monadireoba) gamokveTa; b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis
movlenebis Seswavla-interpretireba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; b) qvis xanaSi adamianebi Tavdapirvelad jogebad cxovrobdnen da monadireobasa da Semgrove­
blobas misdevdnen.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da
Sefaseba: istoriul movlenaze da pirovnebaze gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis mizezebis
axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, moswavlis rveuli
winare codna: qvis xanaSi adamianebi gvarovnuli Temis pirobebSi cxovrobdnen; Zveli da Sua qvis
xanaSi adamianebi monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen.

aqtivoba 1. mini-leqcia (3 wT.)

maswavlebeli xsnis, rogori iyo pirvelyofilTa sazogadoeba; vin da daaxloebiT ramdeni kaci cx-
ovrobda erTad; ra akavSirebda am adamianebs erTmaneTTan; ra aris ojaxi, gvari da Temi.

56
 aqtivoba 2. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba da kiTxvaze pasuxi (3 wT.)
maswavlebeli klass aZlevs davalebas, gaecnon paragrafis teqstis nawils #1 kiTxvamde da upa-
suxon am SekiTxvas.

aqtivoba 3. naxatis aRwera da informaciis organizeba (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli miuTiTebs moswavleebs paragrafis ilustraciaze, romelzec gvarovnuli Temis cx-
ovrebaa gamosaxuli (sur. 1). davaleba moswavleebma individualurad unda Seasrulon. jer maswavlebe-
li klass aZlevs #2 davalebas _ dawvrilebiT aRweron naxati da CamoTvalon yvela saqmianoba, romel-
sac banakSi mcxovrebi adamianebi asruleben. moswavleebi akvirdebian naxats da, maswavleblis SerCeviT,
erT-erTi aRwers mas, Semdeg meore asaxelebs saqmianobebs. amavdroulad, maswavlebeli saSualebas
aZlevs sxva moswavleebsac, xelis aweviT daamaton gamorCenili detalebi. Semdeg is klass aZlevs #3
davalebas _ daajgufon es saqmianobebi Semsruleblebis sqesisa da asakis mixedviT. am davalebas mos-
wavleebi werilobiT asruleben. davalebis Sesasruleblad maT dasWirdebaT cxrili moswavlis rveul-
Si, romlis saSualebiTac saqmianobebi unda daajgufon. bolos moswavleebi asruleben #4 davalebas
da sityvierad adareben erTmaneTs, ramdenad daemTxva maTi da mxatvris azri.

aqtivoba 4. kiTxva-pasuxi, diskusia (10 wT.)

patara Sesavali teqstis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs kiTxvebs usvams. Sesavali teqsti: pir-
velyofili adamiani Tavisi saqmianobisas xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi swavlobda bunebas: sad ro-
gori mcenareebi izrdeboda, romeli mcenare iyo vargisi sakvebad, romeli cxoveli sad binadrobda
da rogor iyo SesaZlebeli misi monadireba. kiTxvebi #5, 6 da 7 _ ra unar-Cvevebs SeiZenda adamiani
nadirobis dros? arsebobs mosazreba, rom pirvelyofil adamianTa jgufis ganviTarebisaTvis nadiroba
ufro mniSvnelovani iyo, vidre mcenareuli sakvebis Segroveba. eTanxmebi Tu ara am mosazrebas? maswav-
lebeli yvela logikur, dasabuTebul pasuxs iRebs moswavleebisgan. azrTa sxvadasxvaobis SemTxvevaSi
waaxalisebs diskusias. SesaZloa, #6 kiTxva pirdapir sadiskusio kiTxvad daisvas. mag., vin eTanxmeba da
vin ara im mosazrebas, rom pirvelyofil adamianTa jgufis ganviTarebisaTvis ufro mniSvnelovani iyo
nadiroba, vidre mcenareuli sakvebis Segroveba? kiTxvis ase dasmis SemTxvevaSi, moswavleebs sTxovT,
moiyvanon maTi poziciis gasamyarebeli argumentebi. diskusiis monawileebi maswavlebels SeuZlia Sea-
fasos ganmsazRvreli SefasebiT _ diskusiis Sefasebis rubrikiT (ix. danarTi #1).

aqtivoba 5. simulacia (15 wT.)

maswavlebeli moswavleebs davalebis pirobas acnobs: warmoidgineT, rom Temis wevrebi xarT. Tqven
unda SeimuSavoT wesebi, romlebsac yvela daicavs: es Seexeba qcevas, Sromis danawilebasa Tu Temis
yoveldRiur cxovrebas. amis Semdeg maswavlebeli klass jgufebad hyofs. TiToeulma jgufma unda
imsjelos da gaweros es wesebi. SeiZleba, maswavlebelma jgufebs wesebis SemuSaveba daavalos Temat-
urad: erTi jgufi SeimuSavebs zogadad qcevis wesebs, meore _ Sromis dros dasacav wesebs, mesame _
nadirobis an tyeSi nayofis Segrovebis, SesaZloa, erTi gamoqvabulidan meoreSi gadaadgilebis wesebs
da a.S. moswavleebs jgufebSi SemuSavebuli wesebi flifCartebze gadaaqvT da kedelze akraven; an da-
fas yofen Sesabamisi raodenobis svetebad da iq Camoweren. jgufebidan arCeuli prezentatorebi klass
SemuSavebul wesebs warudgenen da acnoben, ratom CaTvales maTi dacva mniSvnelovnad. maswavlebeli
mediatoris rols asrulebs da Tu saWiroa, damazustebel kiTxvebs svams. im SemTxvevaSi ki, roca mos-
wavleebis mier SemuSavebuli wesi uZvelesi epoqisTvis ararelevanturia, mianiSnebs an kontrSekiTxviT
axvedrebs maT gadawyvetilebis aramarTebulobas.

aqtivoba 6. ukukavSiri (4 wT.)

maswavlebeli svams kiTxvas: Tqveni azriT, ra mizans emsaxureboda am gakveTilis aqtivoba? raSi
dagexmaraT Sesrulebuli samuSao? ramdenad gaiazreT is garemo da sociumi, romelSic uwevda cxovre-
ba pirvelyofil adamians?

saSinao davaleba: Tema: erTi dRe pirvelyofili adamianis cxovrebidan

57
 paragrafi 5. rogor aRiqvamda uZvelesi adamiani samyaros?
ras mogviTxrobs paleoliTuri mRvimeebis kedlis mxatvroba?

gakveTilis mizani/miznebi: paleoliTeli adamianis saqmianobisa da ritualebis Sesaxeb maTive nax­

atebi da eTnografiuli wyaroebi mogviTxroben.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: paleoliTeli adamiani: sivrce _ kontinenti (evropa,
avstralia); sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (nadiroba, Semgrovebloba), kultura (naxatebi), religia (ritua­
li), wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi wyaro, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) Zveli qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (jogi, Semgrove-
bloba-monadireoba) gamokveTa; b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis
movlenebis Seswavla-interpretireba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; b) qvis xanaSi adamianebi Tavdapirvelad jogebad cxovrobdnen da monadireobasa da Semgrove­
blobas misdevdnen.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT;
ist. sab. 9. konkretuli magaliTebis moSveliebiT istoriuli movlenebisa da procesebis msgavse-
ba-gansxvavebebze msjeloba.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, proeqtori, kompiuteri, flifCarti, markeri
winare codna: qvis xanaSi adamianebi gvarovnuli Temis pirobebSi cxovrobdnen; Zveli da Sua qvis
xanaSi adamianebi monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen.

aqtivoba 1. saSinao davalebis prezentacia (10 wT.)

SerCeviT 2-3 moswavle warmoadgens Sesrulebul davalebas.

aqtivoba 2. istoriuli wyaroebis _ naxatebis analizi (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli klasisTvis gakveTilis Temis gacnobis Semdeg miuTiTebs moswavleebs, gadaSalon
saxelmZRvaneloebi Sesabamis gverdze da gaecnon paragrafis ilustraciebs: sur.1 da sur.2. mraval-
ferovnebisTvis da masalis ukeT aRsaqmelad SesaZlebelia slaid-Sous gaSveba proeqtoriT da sxva nax-
atebis an 3-wuTiani videofilmis Cvenebac: Cave Art 101 – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjejoT1gFO Semdeg
maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs:
#1. aRwereT naxatebi. ra aris maTze gamosaxuli? moswavleebi rigrigobiT aRweren saxelmZRvane-
los naxatebs. #2. Seni azriT, ra aris am mRvimeebSi mcxovrebi xalxis ZiriTadi saqmianoba? moswavleebi
aseve rigrigobiT gamoTqvamen mosazrebebs.
maswavlebeli moswavleebs aZlevs Semdeg davalebas _ gaecnon rubrika `sadiskusio klubSi~ ga-
moTqmul mosazrebebs da gaaanalizon naxatebi, rogorc istoriuli wyaroebi; gaagrZelon sakuTari
mosazrebebis gamoTqma imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu kidev ra informacias gvawvdis saxelmZRvanelos nax-
atebi. moswavleebi mosazrebebs individualurad gamoTqvamen. maswavlebeli aCvenebs moswavleebs su-
raTs (3) _ avstralieli aborigenebis mxatvroba, Tan awvdis informacias, rom es avstraliis mkvidr
mosaxleobas _ aborigenebs ekuTvniT da maTi nawili dResac civilizaciis miRma cxovrobs. gaamaxvileT
yuradReba imazec, rom aborigenebze dakvirveba mecnierebs pirvelyofilTa cxovrebis suraTis aRd-
genaSi exmareba. sasurvelia, maswavlebelma es winadadeba kiTxvad Seubrunos moswavleebs da mizezi
hkiTxos. aqtivobis bolo kiTxva: Seni azriT, ra aqvs saerTo paleoliTeli adamianebisa da avstralie-
li aborigenebis mxatvrobas? maswavlebeli SerCeviT ekiTxeba moswavleebs.

58
 aqtivoba 3. informaciis vizualizacia (20 wT.)
jgufuri samuSao. maswavlebeli yofs klass jgufebad da aZlevs davalebas _ gadaeci informacia
petroglifebiT. warmoidgineT, rom Tqvens TemTan erTad gamoqvabulSi cxovrobT. erT dResac mTel
Tems mogiwiaT am gamoqvabulis datoveba da sxva sacxovrebeli adgilis Zieba. mizezi SeiZleba mravali
iyos: klimaturi pirobebis gauareseba, cxovelebis Semcireba, an piriqiT _ momravlebuli mtaceblebis
Tavdasxmebi, mezoblad mtruli Temis dabanakeba da sxv. gadawyviteT, gamoqvabulis datovebis win Tqve-
ni istoria kedelze daxatoT ise, rom sxva dros iq moxvedrilisTvis gasagebi iyos. maswavlebeli
moswavleebs flifCartebsa da markerebs urigebs. davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi naxatebs
kedelze akraven, danarCenebi ki maTi Sinaarsis gamocnobas cdiloben.

aqtivoba 4. ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli ganmaviTarebeli komentarebiT afasebs moswavleebs _ maT pasuxebs, namuSevrebs (ram-
denad sworad gadmosces pirvelyofili adamianis yofa).

paragrafi 6. risi swamda da sjeroda pirvelyofil adamians?

gakveTilis mizani/miznebi: pirvelyofil sazogadoebaSi (maT Soris saqarTvelos teritoriaze)

gavrcelebuli religiuri rwmena-warmodgenebia: magia, animizmi, totemizmi.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: pirvelyofili adamiani: sivrce _ kontinenti (evropa,
avstralia), regioni (kavkasia), saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ religia; wyaro, istoriuli kvleva-pirve­
ladi wyaro, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) Zveli qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (jogi, Semgrove-
bloba-monadireoba) gamokveTa; b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis
movlenebis Seswavla-interpretireba; g) pirvelyofili sazogadoebis (msoflmxedveloba) Tanamedrove
sazogadoebasTan Sedareba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; b) magia pirvelyofili adamianis azrovnebisa da msoflmxedvelobis umTavresi formaa. igi sa­
gnebs/adamianebs Soris uxilavi kavSirebis arsebobas gulisxmobs.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT;
ist. sab. 11. pozitiuri damokidebulebis gamovlena kulturuli, eTnikuri da religiuri mraval-
ferovnebis mimarT.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, proeqtori, kompiuteri, flifCarti, markeri
winare codna: Zveli qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (jogi, Semgrovebloba-monad-
ireoba) gamokveTa. isini sakuTar emociebs naxatebiT gadmoscemdnen.

aqtivoba 1. kiTxvebze pasuxi (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass usvams kiTxvebs: rogor ggoniaT, hqondaT Tu ara pirvelyofil adamianebs
rwmena-warmodgenebi? TavianTi Sexedulebebi samyaroze? ras efuZneboda es Sexedulebebi? rogor Sei-
Zleba gavigoT maT Sesaxeb? da a.S. moswavleebi SerCeviT, rigrigobiT pasuxoben.

aqtivoba 2. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba da kiTxvebze pasuxi (25 wT.)

moswavleebi individualurad kiTxuloben nawyvets paragrafidan _ avstralieli aborigenis intervi-
us eTnologTan. maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs: #1. rogoria avstralieli aborigenis damokidebuleba
garesamyaros mimarT? #2. Seni azriT, ratom eSinia avstraliel aborigens yvelafris? maswavlebeli

59
cdilobs, gaavlebinos moswavleebs paraleli avstralieli aborigenebisa da pirvelyofili adamianebis
rwmena-warmodgenebs Soris. rogor fiqrobT, SegviZlia Tu ara avstralieli aborigenebis warmodgenebis
mixedviT vimsjeloT pirvelyofili adamianebis warmodgenebzec? ratom? moswavleebi paragrafis kiTxvas
agrZeleben. maswavlebeli teqstze samuSaod moswavleebs sTavazobs strategias „SeniSvnebis mindori“
(igive, rac `SerCeul niSanTa sistema~). strategiis arsi ase SeiZleba CamovayaliboT: „rogor wavikiTxoT
teqsti ise, rom bolomde SevinarCunoT interesi“. es aqtiuri kiTxvis meTodia da aseTi midgoma Zalian
efeqturia gaazrebisaTvis. teqstis kiTxvis dros moswavleebi avleben mindors da weren niSnebs.
I – interactive interaqtiuli () _ nacnobi masala
N – noting dialogis formis (+) _ is, rac axalia
S – system sistemuri moniSvna (_) is, rac arsebul codnas ewinaaRmdegeba, anu „sxvagvarad vfiqrobdi“
E – effective R _ reading & T – thinking efeqturi kiTxvisa da gaazrebisaTvis
(?) _ sakiTxebi, romelTa Sesaxeb surs, meti icodes, an isini, romlebic ver gaigo („aris kiTxvebi“)

aqtivoba 3. kiTxva-pasuxi klasTan (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli arkvevs, ra kiTxvebi darCaT moswavleebs teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg da romeli sakiTx-
ebis Sesaxeb surT metis gageba. amis Semdeg moswavleTa monawileobiT, damazustebeli kiTxvebiT, er-
Toblivad midian logikur pasuxebamde. maswavlebeli waaxalisebs diskusiasac.

aqtivoba 4. ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli ganmaviTarebeli komentarebiT afasebs moswavleebs _ kiTxvebze-pasuxs, konkretuli
faqtebiT dainteresebis SemTxvevaSi ki sTavazobs maT, informacia internetiT moiZion.

7. ratom ixseneben miwaTmoqmedebisa da mesaqonleobis gaCenas

kacobriobis istoriaSi pirveli revoluciis saxeliT?

mizani: axali qvis xanis, neoliTis ZiriTadi maxasiaTebelia „revolucia“. „neoliTuri revolucia“
gulisxmobs miwaTmoqmedebisa da mesaqonleobis ganviTarebas, sameTuneo Carxis gamogonebas.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: „neoliTuri revolucia“: dro _ epoqa, cvalebadoba;
sivrce _ evropa, azia; sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (miwaTmoqmedeba, mesaqonleoba, sameTuneo Carxi)
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) „neoliTuri revoluciis“ damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa;
b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis movlenebis Seswavla-interpte-
tireba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; b) qvis xanaSi adamianebi monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen, mogvianebiT ki maT miwaT­
moqmedeba da mesaqonleoba iswavles; g) saqarTvelo erT-erTi pirveli qveyanaa, romlis teritoriazec
miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba ganviTarda.

e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-geografi-
uli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT).
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, moswavlis rveuli
winare codna: Zveli da Sua qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis (jogi, Semgroveblo-
ba-monadireoba) gamokveTa

aqtivoba 1. gonebrivi ieriSi (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass usvams kiTxvebs: gaixseneT, rogor moipovebdnen pirvelyofili adamianebi
sakvebs? rogor ggoniaT, iyo Tu ara pirvelyofilisTvis sakmarisi sakvebi, romelsac is moipovebda?
ramdenad uxifaTo iyo sakvebis mopoveba da ra sirTuleebs ukavSirdeboda?
60
 aqtivoba 2. mini-leqcia (5 wT.)
kiTxvebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs acnobs gakveTilis Temas da mizans, atarebs mini-leq-
cias Temaze: rogor Seicvala adamianis saqmianoba qvis xanis bolo periodSi, neoliTSi.

aqtivoba 3. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba _ qronologiur-logikuri jaWvi (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTavazobs, Seasrulon davaleba #1 (misi Sesruleba SeiZleba rogorc
individualurad, ise wyvilebSi). moswavleebma cal-calke unda daalagon miwaTmoqmedebasa da mesaqon-
leobasTan dakavSirebuli baraTebi, TiToeul ciklSi logikuri jaWvis Sesabamisad. mesaqonleobis gan-
viTarebis cikli: baraTi 1 -> baraTi 6; miwaTmoqmedebis cikli: baraTi 3 -> baraTi 4 -> baraTi 2 ->
baraTi 5. baraTi 3 _ rogor iwyebs adamiani bunebaSi arsebuli marcvleuliT sargeblobas; baraTi 4
_ mis dacvas; baraTi 2 _ adamiani iwyebs miwaTmoqmedebas, Tavad Tesavs da iRebs mosavals; baraTi 5 _
iwyebs meTuneobas da qmnis WurWels produqtebis Sesanaxad. davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg moswavleebma
unda SeZlon logikuri jaWvis axsna, Tu rogor gamomdinareobs erTi ambidan meore.

aqtivoba 4. kiTxva-pasuxi (7 wT.)

maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs #2-6, romlebsac moswavleebi SerCeviT pasuxoben.

aqtivoba 5. informaciis organizeba da Sedareba (6 wT.)

moswavleebi individualurad asruleben #7 davalebas. moswavlis rveulSi avseben cxrils (davaleba
#5), sadac erTmaneTs adareben paleoliTisa da neoliTis adamianebis saqmianobasa da yofa-cxovrebas.

aqtivoba 6. prezentacia (8 wT.)

moswavleebi SerCeviT warmoadgenen Sesrulebul samuSaos.

aqtivoba 7. ukukavSiri (4 wT.)

maswavlebeli ganmaviTarebeli komentarebiT afasebs moswavleebis Sesrulebul davalebas _ qro-
nologiur-logikuri jaWvi, xolo ganmsazRvreliT (prezentaciis Sefasebis rubrika) _ prezentaciebs.

8. ratom ixsenieben miwaTmoqmedebisa da mesaqonleobis gaCenas

kacobriobis istoriaSi pirveli revoluciis saxeliT?

mizani: qvis an Tixis galavani, gamouwvavi aguriT-aliziT nagebi saxlebi, samiwaTmoqmedo raioni.
saqarTvelo miwaTmoqmedebisa da meRvineobis erT-erTi keraa.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: neoliTuri dasaxleba: sivrce _ azia, saqarTvelo;
sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (miwaTmoqmedeba, mesaqonleoba, nadiroba, xelosnoba, arqiteqtura); wyaro,
istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi wyaro, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) „neoliTuri revoluciis“ damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa;
b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis movlenebis Seswavla-interpre-
tireba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: a) qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTx­
robs; b) qvis xanaSi adamianebi monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen, mogvianebiT ki maT miwaT­
moqmedeba da mesaqonleoba iswavles; g) magia adamianis azrovnebisa da msoflmxedvelobis umTavresi
formaa. igi sagnebs/adamianebs Soris uxilavi kavSirebis arsebobas gulisxmobs; d) saqarTvelo erT-er­
Ti pirveli qveyanaa, romlis teritoriazec miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba ganviTarda.
Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da mso-
flmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis unikalurobis Cveneba.

61
 resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, dafa
winare codna: axali qvis xanaSi, `neoliTSi~ adamianebma miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba daiwyes;
saqarTvelo erT-erTi pirveli qveyanaa, romlis teritoriazec miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba gan­
viTarda.

aqtivoba 1. kiTxva-pasuxi (5 wT.)

SekiTxva: Tqveni azriT, rogor gadaiqca monadire-SemgrovebelTa sazogadoeba miwaTmoqmed-me-
saqonleTa sazogadoebad? gamoTqviT varaudi, raze iqneboda es procesi damokidebuli? moswavleebi
rigrigobiT gamoTqvamen TavianT mosazrebebs. maswavlebeli sTxovs maT, daasabuTon mosazrebebi.

aqtivoba 2. saxelmZRvanelos teqstis gacnoba da kiTxvebze pasuxis momzadeba (10 wT.)

maswavleblis miTiTebiT, moswavleebi individualurad kiTxuloben teqsts ieriqonis dasaxlebis
Sesaxeb da pasuxoben TandarTul kiTxvebs. moswavleebi agrZeleben kiTxvas, ecnobian meore Zegls _
Sulavers da Sesabamis kiTxvebsac pasuxoben. #13 davaleba _ informaciis organizeba da Sedareba
(ieriqonisa da Sulaveris) _ SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma maT damoukideblad Sesasruleblad (saSinao
davalebad) misces.

aqtivoba 3. kiTxvebze pasuxi (7 wT.)

am aqtivobis farglebSi maswavlebelma unda dasvas yvela kiTxva #12-is CaTvliT. moswavleebi war-
moadgenen momzadebul pasuxebs.

aqtivoba 4 _ artefaqtebis analizi (18 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass jgufebad hyofs da aZlevs davalebas, TiToeulma jgufma moifiqros 5 ar-
tefaqti, romelsac arqeologiuri gaTxrebisas ipovidnen. am aRmoCenebma warmodgena unda Seqmnas iq
mcxovrebi xalxis saqmianobasa da yofaze. moswavleebma unda gamoTqvan varaudebi, Tu ra daskvnebs
gamoitandnen mkvlevarebi am artefaqtebis naxvis Semdeg. maswavleblis mier jgufebidan SerCeuli
prezentatorebi CamoTvlian artefaqtebs _ SesaZloa, isini dafaze svetebad Camoweron _ da gaakeTeben
komentarebs.

aqtivoba 5 _ maswavleblis ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli ganmaviTarebeli komentarebiT afasebs moswavleebis Sesrulebul davalebebs (aq-
tivobebi 4 da 5).

62
 Tavi 2. brinjaos xana/Zveli aRmosavleTi

paragrafi 9. ra Seicvala liTonis aRmoCeniT? I gakveTili

mizani: brinjaos xanisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia metalurgiis ganviTareba; saqarTveloSi gavrce­

lebuli adre brinjaos xanis mtkvar-araqsis kulturis monacemebis safuZvelze adre brinjaos xanis
sazogadoebis daxasiaTeba
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: adre brinjaos xana: dro _ aTaswleuli; sivrce _ evro­
pa, azia, kavkasia, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (metalurgia), religia _ rituali (dakrZalvis
wesi); wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi wyaro, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) saqarTvelos teritoriaze adre brinjaos xanis sazogadoebis daxasiaTe-
ba; b) brinjaos xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa
mkvidri warmodgenebi: saqarTvelos teritoria rogorc brinjaos, ise rkinis warmoebis Tvalsazri­
siT imdroindeli msoflios mowinave regioni iyo.
Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niS-
niT);
ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da Se-
faseba: istoriuli movlenisa da pirovnebis Sesaxeb gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis mizeze-
bis axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, moswavlis rveuli, dafa, flifCarti
winare codna: neoliTis xanaSi miwaTmoqmedebis ganviTarebam gamoiwvia Sromis iaraRebis gaumjobeseba.

aqtivoba 1. gonebrivi ieriSi (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass usvams paragrafis dasawyisSi mocemul kiTxvebs: ra SeiZleba Secvliliyo li-
Tonis aRmoCeniT? raSi gamoiyenebda adamiani liTons? ramdenad mniSvnelovani iqneboda Tqven mier da-
saxelebuli mizezebi? moswavleebis gacemul pasuxebs daajgufebs venis diagramaze msgavseba-gansxvave-
bis mixedviT.

aqtivoba 2. mini-leqcia (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli atarebs mini-leqcias adre brinjaos xanaze. man yuradReba unda miaqcios spilenZis
Tvisebebsa da metalurgiis ganviTarebas. maswavleblis SerCeviT moswavleebi pasuxoben pirvel 6 kiTxvas.

aqtivoba 3. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba da kiTxvebze pasuxi (10 wT.)

maswavleblis miTiTebiT moswavleebi kiTxuloben paragrafis qveTavs: brinjaos xanis mtkvar-araq-
sis kultura. maswavlebeli svams #5-9 kiTxvebs. moswavleebi SerCeviT pasuxoben, Tumca, Tu romelime
kiTxvas (mag., 8 _ Seni azriT, ratom atandnen micvalebulebs sxvadasxva nivTsa da iaraRs?) azrTa sxva-
dasxvaoba mohyva, maswavlebeli diskusias waaxalisebs.

aqtivoba 4. saklaso davaleba (15 wT.)

maswavleblis miTiTebiT, moswavleebi individualurad asruleben moswavlis rveulSi davale-
bas #7; drois xazze aRniSnaven istoriul periodebs da qvemoT uweren Sesabamis periodSi momxdar
siaxleebs. davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli SerCeviT gamoikiTxavs Sesrulebul davalebas.
moswavleebi namuSevrebs erTmaneTs adareben.

aqtivoba 5 _ maswavleblis ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli ganmaviTarebeli komentarebiT afasebs moswavleebis Sesrulebul davalebas.

63
 paragrafi 9. ra Seicvala liTonis aRmoCeniT? II gakveTili

mizani: brinjaos xanisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia metalurgiis ganviTareba; saqarTveloSi gavrce­

lebuli adre brinjaos xanis mtkvar-araqsis kulturis monacemebis safuZvelze adre brinjaos xanis
sazogadoebis daxasiaTeba
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: adre brinjaos xana: dro _ aTaswleuli; sivrce _ evro­
pa, azia, kavkasia, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (metalurgia), religia _ rituali (dakrZalvis
wesi); wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi wyaro, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) saqarTvelos teritoriaze adre brinjaos xanis sazogadoebis daxasiaTe-
ba; b) brinjaos xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis gamokveTa
mkvidri warmodgenebi: saqarTvelos teritoria rogorc brinjaos, ise rkinis warmoebis Tvalsazri­
siT imdroindeli msoflios mowinave regioni iyo.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da Se-
faseba: istoriuli movlenisa da pirovnebis Sesaxeb gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis mizeze-
bis axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, moswavlis rveuli, dafa, flifCarti
winare codna _ adamianis ganviTareba qvis (Zveli, Sua da axali) da adre brinjaos xanaSi uwyvetad
mimdinareobda. am periodebSi adamianma Zalian mniSvnelovani ram aRmoaCina.

aqtivoba 1 argumentacia (20 wT.)

maswavlebeli klass hyofs jgufebad da sTavazobs, airCion ukve Seswavlili periodebi (paleoli-
Ti, neoliTi, eneoliTi, adre brinajaos xana). TiToeulma jgufma argumentebiT unda daasabuTos, rom
am konkretul periodSi momxdari siaxleebi, aRmoCenebi, mignebebi iyo kacobriobis ganviTarebaSi umniS-
vnelovanesi da swored maT ganapirobes Semdgomi progresi. argumentebis mofiqrebis Semdeg jgufebi
maT klasis winaSe waradgenen (20 wT.).

aqtivoba 2. reitingi (20 wT.)

jgufebi agrZeleben muSaobas da mosmenilis gaanalizebis safuZvelze adgenen adamianis aRmoCenaTa
da gamogonebaTa reitings. ukve Sedgenili reitingebi flifCartze an dafaze gadaaqvT da klasis winaSe
waradgenen. prezentatorebi argumentebiT amyareben TavianTi reitingebis siswores.

aqtivoba 3 _ maswavleblis ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli afasebs ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT (ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis SemTxvevaSi maswavle-
belma jgufuri muSaobis Sefasebis rubrikiT unda ixelmZRvanelos, danarTi #4).

64
 Tavi 3. antikuri da gvianantikuri xana

qveTavi a. saqarTvelo da garesamyaro elinur-elinistur periodSi

paragrafi 20. rogor da ratom daaarses berZnebma qalaqebi kolxeTis sanapiroze?
mizani: berZnebis mier kolxeTis sanapiroze daarsebuli koloniebis funqciis gansazRvra da ber­
Znul-qarTuli savaWro sferoebisa da interesebis gamokveTa
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: berZnuli samyaro _ kolxeTi: dro _ Zveli welTaR­
ricxva; sivrce _ xmelTaSuazRvispireTi, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ socialuri fenebi (vaWrebi, xe­
losnebi); wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) arqeologiuri, miTologiuri da berZeni istorikosebis cnobebis sa-
fuZvelze antikuri sazogadoebis daxasiaTeba; b) antikuri xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niS-
nebis (savaWro urTierTobebi, migraciuli procesebi) gamokveTa; g) berZnuli kolonizaciis Sedegad
gamowveuli cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba; saqarTveloze maTi zegavlenis gaanalizeba; sxva istoriul mov-
lenebTan maTi Sedareba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: antikur xanaSi politikuri da kulturuli TvalsazrisiT wamyvani pozicie­
bi berZnebsa da romaelebs ekavaT; maTi civilizacia Tanamedroveobazec axdens gavlenas; antikur
xanaSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovreb mosaxleobas mWidro urTierToba hqonda imdroindeli
msoflios mowinave xalxebTan: berZnebTan, romelebTan da sparselebTan; kolxeTi farTodaa asaxuli
berZnul miTologiaSi, berZeni da romaeli avtorebis TxzulebebSi.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis gac-
nobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba.
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT).
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, proeqtori, kompiuteri, ruka
winare codna: pirveli saxelmwifoebi didi mdinareebis gaswvriv Camoyalibda.

aqtivoba 1: mini-leqcia (4 wT.)

maswavlebeli eleqtronuli rukis daxmarebiT moswavleebs utarebs mini-leqcias „Zveli berZnebi
da kolxeTi“. maswavlebelma sasurvelia, gakveTili daiwyos dRevandelobasTan kavSiriT _ ra mniSvne-
loba aqvs vaWrobas qveynebs Soris? ra resursebia saWiro, rom qveynebs hqondeT vaWroba? SesaZlebe-
lia yvela SesaZlo pasuxi daiweros dafaze.

aqtivoba 2: kiTxva-pasuxi (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli iyenebs eleqtronul an nebismier xelmisawvdom rukas, sadac kolxeTi da koloniebia
mocemuli. moswavleebs usvams kiTxvebs: ratom aarsebdnen berZnebi koloniebs, Tqveni azriT? daakvir-
diT rukas, sad aarsebdnen? ratom _ sanapiro zolTan?

aqtivoba 3. saxelmZRvanelos teqstze muSaoba (7 wT.)

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, waikiTxon saxelmZRvanelos teqsti paragrafis pirvel gverdze,
wyaroebamde, da daasaxelon teqstSi mocemuli mniSvnelovani sakiTxebi: rogor xdeboda qalaqebis
daarseba kolxeTis teritoriaze? ratom? maswavlebeli ajamebs aqtivobebs kiTxvebiT.

aqtivoba 4: wyaroebis analizi (7 wT.)

jgufebad organizebul moswavleebs maswavlebeli aZlevs davalebas _ waikiTxon wyaroebi (sasurve-
lia, moswavleebi dasvaT diferencirebulad: Zlieri-saSualo-sustis principiT) da gaaanalizon isini
kiTxvebis # 1-3 da 5 mixedviT (upasuxon jgufebSi am kiTxvebs).

65
 aqtivoba 5. prezentacia (7 wT.)
jgufebi warmoadgenen Sesrulebul samuSaoebs.

aqtivoba 6: diskusia (10 wT.)

sadiskusio kiTxva: rogor fiqrobT, berZnuli koloniebis daarseba kolxeTis teritoriaze dadeb-
iTi movlena iyo Tu uaryofiTi? diskusiis dros maswavlebels SeuZlia dafaze daweros kiTxvebi da
pasuxebic. maswavlebelma yuradReba unda gaamaxvilos Semdegze: ra iyo TqvenTvis mTavari am wyaroe-
bSi? naklebad mniSvnelovani? rogor fiqrobT, aqvs Tu ara mniSvneloba, vin dawera wyaro? ratom? am
SemTxvevaSi romeli avtoria TqvenTvis metad mniSvnelovani? ratom?
aqtivoba 7: maswavleblis ukukavSiri (5 wT.)
maswavlebeli afasebs ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT (ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis SemTxvevaSi maswavle-
belma unda ixelmZRvanelos diskusiis Sefasebis rubrikiT, danarTi #4).

saSinao davaleba
1. moswavleebma mSoblebs CamoarTvan interviu imave kiTxvaze: dadebiTi movlena iyo, maTi azriT,
kolxeTis teritoriaze koloniebis daarseba Tu uaryofiTi? ori respondenti unda hyavdeT da maTi
pasuxebi aucileblad unda Caiweron. 2. moswavleebs vTxovoT, moiZion eleqtronulad kolxeTSi aR-
moCenili sxvadasxva artefaqti da gaaanalizon maTTvis sasurveli. maswavlebels SeuZlia Semdegi
gakveTili Caataros muzeumSi _ „oqromravali kolxeTi“.

21. rogori iyo berZnuli samyaro da ratom daiwyes berZnebma farTomasStabiani zRvaosnoba?

mizani: berZnuli kolonizaciis Sedegebis Sefaseba; berZnuli qalaqebis saxelmwifo mowyobis

gansazRvra
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: berZnuli samyaro: dro _ Zveli welTaRricxva; sivrce
_ xmelTaSuazRvispireTi, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ socialuri fenebi (moqalaqeebi _ vaWrebi, xelos­
nebi, monebi); Zalaufleba _ qalaq-saxelmwifoebi, polisebi; wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi,
faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) arqeologiuri, miTologiuri da berZeni istorikosebis cnobebis safuZ-
velze antikuri sazogadoebis daxasiaTeba; b) antikuri xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis
(savaWro urTierTobebi, migraciuli procesebi) gamokveTa; g) antikuri sazogadoebis (socialuri fene-
bi, saxelmwifo mowyoba da msoflmxedveloba) sxva istoriuli epoqis sazogadoebasTan Sedareba; d)
berZnuli kolonizaciis Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba; saqarTveloze maTi zegavlenis
gaanalizeba; sxva istoriul movlenebTan maTi Sedareba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: antikur xanaSi politikuri da kulturuli TvalsazrisiT wamyvani pozicie­
bi berZnebsa da romaelebs ekavaT; maTi civilizacia Tanamedroveobazec axdens gavlenas; antikur
xanaSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovreb mosaxleobas mWidro urTierToba hqonda imdroindeli
msoflios mowinave xalxebTan: berZnebTan, romelebTan da sparselebTan; kolxeTi farTodaa asaxuli
berZnul miTologiaSi, berZeni da romaeli avtorebis TxzulebebSi; Zveli saberZneTi ar iyo erTiani
saxelmwifo. igi damoukidebeli qalaq-saxelmwifoebisgan _ polisebisgan Sedgeboda; antikur xanaSi
farTod iyenebdnen monebis Sromas.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis gac-
nobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba;
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);

66
 ist. sab. 9. konkretuli magaliTebis moSveliebiT istoriuli movlenebisa da procesebis msgavse-
ba-gansxvavebebze msjeloba;
ist. sab. 11. pozitiuri damokidebulebis gamovlena kulturuli, eTnikuri da religiuri mrav-
alferovnebis mimarT.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, proeqtori, kompiuteri, ruka
winare codna: berZnuli kolonizaciis mizezebi

aqtivoba 1: saSinao davalebis prezentacia (8 wT.)

maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs saSinao davalebis Sesaxeb: ra iyo mSoblebis pasuxebSi saintereso?
winaaRmdegobrivi? ratom? romeli artefaqti moiZieT?

aqtivoba 2: kiTxva-pasuxi (6 wT.)

maswavlebeli moswavleebs dausvams kiTxvebs: ratom curavdnen berZnebi? rogor daiwyes? ro-
gor fiqrobT, aqvs Tu ara amisTvis mniSvneloba geografiul mdebareobas, teritorias? maswavle-
bels gamoaqvs ruka (eleqtronuli an saxelmZRvanelo) da sTxovs moswavleebs, imsjelon lokaciis
mniSvnelobaze. kiTxva-pasuxisas maT miaqcevinebs yuradRebas, rom am patara kunZulebis raodenoba
daaxloebiT 3000-ia. rogor fiqrobT, rogori miwa-wyali eqnebodaT berZnebs? (es maprovocirebeli
kiTxvaa, radgan moswavleTa umravlesoba am dinamikis Semdeg logikurad gascems pasuxs, rom nayofieri
miwaa. amitom vTxovoT maT, rom waikiTxon teqsti wignidan. Semdeg ki davusvaT kiTxva: ra iyo saint-
ereso da mniSvnelovani? gaixseneT wina gakveTili _ ratom iwyeben vaWrobas qveynebi? rogor fiqrobT,
ratom gadawyvites berZnebma sxva teritoriebze qalaqebis daarseba?

aqtivoba 3: SedarebiTi analizi (7 wT.)

riT gansxvavdeboda berZnebis miwa-wyali Sumerebis miwisagan? egviptisgan? moswavleebi am aqtivobas
Caatareben an weriT, an zepirad (maswavleblis arCevanis mixedviT).

aqtivoba 4: wyaros analizi (10 wT.)

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, individualurad waikiTxon solonis kanonebi da upasuxon kiTx-
vebs: ratom dasWirda solons aseTi kanonebis SemoReba? dRes rom aseTi kanonebi SemoviRoT, rogori
iqneba Tqveni azri? damokidebuleba? ratom SemoiRo solonma es kanonebi? swori iyo Tu ara misi es
qmedeba? rogor fiqrobT, dRes soloni mniSvnelovani figurad iTvleba istoriaSi Tu ara? ratom
fiqrobT ase?

aqtivoba 5: rukis analizi (10 wT.)

saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli rukis mixedviT moswavleebi individualurad upasuxeben kiTxvebs.

aqtivoba 6: maswavleblis ukukavSiri (4 wT.)

maswavlebeli aqtivobebs afasebs ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT.

saSinao davaleba
moswavleebs davalebad eZlevaT „polisebi da koloniebi“. werilobiT unda gascen pasuxi kiTxvebs
(gv.55). maswavlebels SeuZlia gakveTili daiwyos an daasrulos berZnuli miTiT zeTisxilis Sesaxeb, an
moswavleebs kvlevisTvis misces damatebiT davalebad.
qveTavi b. saqarTvelo da garesamyaro romaul epoqaSi

67
 47. ratom mimdinareobda didi omianoba egrisSi? I gakveTili

mizani: VI saukunis Sua xanebSi egrisSi mimdinare bizantia-sparseTis dapirispirebis mizezebisa da

Sedegebis gaaanalizeba; egrisSi prosparsuli da da probizantiuri poziciebis Sefaseba
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: egrisis samefo: sivrce _ saqarTvelo; istoriuli
procesi _ politikuri istoria; wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: sasanianTa sparseTis da romis/bizantiis dapiripirebis Sedegad gamowveu-
li cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba; saqarTveloze maTi zegavlenis gaanalizeba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: momTabareebis SesaCereblad kavkasiis uReltexilebis gamagrebas, Savi zR­
vis portebs bizantiisa da sparseTisTvis strategiuli mniSvneloba hqonda; es saerTaSoriso politi­
kaSi egrisis samefos rolis zrdas ganapirobebda.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis gac-
nobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba.
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da
Sefaseba; istoriul movlenaze da pirovnebaze gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis mizezebis
axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba;
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da mso-
flmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis unikalurobis Cveneba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT.
resursi: saxelmZRvanelo, moswavlis rveuli
winare codna: bizantiisa da sasanianTa sparseTis dapirispirebis mizezebi; qarTuli samefoebis
roli am dapirispirebaSi

aqtivoba 1. mini-leqcia (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli saubrobs saerTaSoriso viTarebaze, konkretulad _ bizantiisa da sasanuri iranis
urTierTobaze mas Semdeg, rac qarTlSi mefoba gauqmda.

aqtivoba 2. wyaroebis gacnoba da kiTxva-pasuxi (20 wT.)

moswavleebi ecnobian saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemul istoriul wyaros _ nawyvets prokopi kesarielis
nawarmoebidan da Semdeg pasuxoben kiTxvebs #1-9. kiTxvebi situaciis safuZvlianad gaanalizebas, mos-
wavleebis mxridan kritikul azrovnebasa da argumentacias moiTxovs.

aqtivoba 3. diskusia (15 wT.)

#10 davalebaSi mocemulia sadiskusio Tema: ramdenad gamarTlebulad migaCniaT lazebis gad-
awyvetileba konkretul SemTxvevaSi. moswavleebma sakuTari pozicia unda gamoxaton, daasabuTon da
daicvan.

aqtivoba 4: maswavleblis ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli aqtivobebs afasebs ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT.

68
 II gakveTili

aqtivoba 1. saxelmZRvanelos teqstis gacnoba da davalebis Sesruleba (15 wT.)

moswavleebi ecnobian saxelmZRvanelos teqsts: II gakveTilis Sesavali da prokofi kesarielis wya-
ro, pasuxs scemen #11 kiTxvas da moswavlis rveulSi asruleben #12 davalebas.

aqtivoba 2. debatebi (25 wT.)

moswavleebi teqstis kiTxvas agrZeleben. maswavlebeli arkvevs, ramdenad gaiazres maT aietisa da
fartaZis pozicia da usvams Sesabamis kiTxvebs, ris Semdegac axalisebs diskusias da sTavazobs klass,
gaagrZelon aietisa da fartaZis dawyebuli debatebi.
movlenebis Rrmad Seswavla da analizi moswavles exmareba, imsjelos ara marto warsulze, aramed
dRevandeli dRec obieqturad Seafasos, gaavlos paralelebi. debatebis/diskusiis dros moswavleebs
eZlevaT saSualeba, sakiTxi sapirispiro poziciebidan dainaxon, gaerkvnen urTierTsawinaaRmdego ar-
gumentebSi, daafiqsiron sakuTari mosazrebebi. organizebuli debatebis dros moswavleebi eCvevian
gundur muSaobas, msjelobas, yuradRebis gamaxvilebas problemis gadaWraze. maswavlebels SeuZlia,
gaaTamaSos debatebi or moswavles an patara jgufebs Soris, oRond nebismieri formati organizebuli
unda iyos. organizebuli debatebis dros moswavleebma ician sakuTari ufleba-movaleobebi, funqcie-
bi, erTad iReben gadawyvetilebas. am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebeli klass or jgufad hyofs:
aietisa da fartaZis momxreebad. moswavleebi TaTbiroben, ayalibeben argumentebs, Semdeg ki momxsene-
blebs irCeven.

debatebis organizebis gegma:

gundi, romelic amtkicebs da gundi, romelic uaryofs
I momxsenebeli 3 wT. I momxsenebeli 3 wT.
II momxsenebeli 2 wT. II momxsenebeli 2 wT.
III momxsenebeli 2 wT. III momxsenebeli 2 wT.
maswavlebelma SeiZleba gazardos an Seamciros momxsenebelTa raodenoba, daazustos, Secvalos
TiToeuli momxseneblisTvis gankuTvnili dro. moxsenebebs Soris gundis wevrebi kiTxvebs usvamen
erTmaneTs. maswavlebeli moswavleebs aZlevs ganmaviTarebel Sefasebas an afasebs diskusiis Sefasebis
rubrikiT.

aqtivoba 3. maswavleblis ukukavSiri (5 wT.)

maswavlebeli aqtivobebs afasebs ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT an afasebs diskusiis ganmsazRvreli
Sefasebis rubrikiT.

69
 Semajamebeli gakveTilebis scenarebi:

I Tavi
I Tavis Semajamebeli davaleba

mizani
qvis xanisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebia: a. Zveli da Sua qvis xanaSi _ Semgrovebloba
(nadiroba, Tevzaoba, sakvebis Segroveba); b. axali qvis xanaSi, neoliTSi _ miwaTmoqmedeba-mesaqonleoba,
sameTuneo Carxis gamogoneba. saqarTvelo miwaTmoqmedebis, mevenaxeobis erT-erTi uZvelesi keraa.
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: dro _ cvalebadoba. preistoriuli periodi (qvis
xana), epoqa; sivrce _ kavkasia, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ ekonomika (Semgrovebloba, miwaTmoqmedeba-
mesaqonleoba, saSeni masala, samuSao da sabrZolo iaraRi...), religia (magia, anamizmi, totemizmi _
ritualuri nivTebi, naxatebi), wyaro _ pirveladi, meoradi; istoriuli kvleva-faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) qvis xanisTvis /preistoriisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis
(gvarovnuli Temi, magia, meurneoba (Semgrovebloba-monadireoba, miwaTmoqmedeba-mesaqonleoba))
gamokveTa; b) arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebis safuZvelze qvis xanis movlenebis Seswavla-
interpretireba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: preistoria adamianis gaCenidan pirveli saxelmwifoebisa da damwerlobis
Camoyalibebamde periodia; qvis xanis Sesaxeb arqeologiuri da eTnografiuli monacemebi mogviTxrobs;
qvis xanaSi ZiriTadad qvis iaraRebs iyenebdnen; qvis xanaSi adamianebi gvarovnuli Temis pirobebSi
cxovrobdnen; magia pirvelyofili adamianis azrovnebisa da msoflmxedvelobis umTavresi formaa.
igi sagnebs/adamianebs Soris uxilavi kavSirebis arsebobas gulisxmobs; qvis xanaSi adamianebi
monadireobasa da Semgroveblobas misdevdnen, mogvianebiT ki maT miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba
iswavles; saqarTvelos teritoriaze aRmoCenilia evraziaSi uZvelesi adamianis naSTebi; saqarTvelo
erT-erTi pirveli qveyanaa, romlis teritoriazec miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba ganviTarda.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis
gacnobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba;
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-
geografiuli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 5. faqtebis, interpretaciebis/mosazrebebis da stereotipebis erTmaneTisgan garCeva;
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da
msoflmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis unikalurobis Cveneba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT;
ist. sab. 9. konkretuli magaliTebis moSveliebiT istoriuli movlenebisa da procesebis msgavseba-
gansxvavebebze msjeloba.

Semajamebeli davalebis piroba:

warmoidgine, rom muzeumis TanamSromeli xar da unda moamzado eqspozicia preistoriul xanaze
an mis romelime periodze (mag., mxolod homininebis gansaxlebis periodze, paleoliTze an neoliTze),
Tumca aseT SemTxvevaSi unda Candes, rom SerCeuli drois monakveTi erTi didi epoqis _ preistoriuli
drois Semadgeneli nawilia. gamofenam sruli STabeWdileba unda Seuqmnas damTvaliereblebs am
epoqaze: rogor bunebriv pirobebSi cxovrobda adamiani, ras saqmianobda, rogori sabrZolo Tu samuSao
iaraRebi hqonda, rogor viTardeboda da icvleboda misi saqmianoba. Sen im nivTebis sia unda Camowero,

70
romlebic gamofenis mosawyobad gWirdeba. nivTebSi igulisxmeba rogorc artefaqtebi, ise rukebi,
posterebi, maketebi. siis Sedgenis Semdeg sagamofeno eqsponatebi unda aRwero da daasabuTo, Tu
ratom aris saWiro da mniSvnelovani maTi warmodgena.
SegiZlia, werilobiT Seasrulo es davaleba da Tan naxatebic daurTo (proeqtis saxiT); moamzado
prezentacia Power Point-is saSualebiT; gaakeTo maketi. rCevebi: davalebis Sesrulebamde muzeums
estumre, an internetiT moiZie da daaTvaliere preistoriis amsaxveli sagamofeno sivrceebi. Sens
namuSevarSi unda Candes codna, romelic am Temis ganxilvisas SeiZine.
maswavlebeli moswavleebs acnobs davalebis pirobas da Sefasebis rubrikas, raTa moswavleebs
davalebis Sesruleba gauioldeT da icodnen, ras miaqcion yuradReba, ra kriteriumebiT Sefasdeba
namuSevari. samuSaos organizebisaTvis mosaxerxebelia samoqmedo gegmis gawera, radgan Semajamebel
davalebas ramdenime gakveTili eTmoba. moswavleebis muSaobas maswavlebeli uwevs monitorings da
exmareba procesis ganmavlobaSi ganmaviTarebeli SefasebebiT, bolos ki afasebs ganmsazRvreli
SefasebiT (konkretuli rubrikiT).

sarekomendacio gegma: msvleloba da Sefaseba

gakveTilis gegma:
etapi 1. moswavleebisTvis Semajamebeli davalebis Temisa da formatis, aseve Sefasebis
rubrikis gacnoba da ganxilva. davalebasTan dakavSirebiT ideebis generireba da kiTxva-pasuxi
klasTan (Tu moswavleebs uCndebaT kiTxvebi davalebasa da Sesrulebis formasTan dakavSirebiT).
Sesasrulebeli samuSaos etapebad dayofa. moswavleebis mier eqspoziciisTvis Temis, periodis SerCeva
(maswavlebeli iniSnavs, vin ra SearCia). maswavlebeli pirvel davalebas aZlevs moswavleebs _ Semdegi
gakveTilisTvis SearCion nivTebis sia, romelsac eqspoziciaze warmoadgenen; daiwyon teqstebze
muSaobac.
etapi 2. Sesrulebuli samuSaos Semowmeba _ maswavlebeli ecnoba moswavleebis SerCeul nivTebs da
afasebs, ramdenad Seesabameba isini Temas. garda amisa, maswavlebeli SerCeviT (an moswavleTa surviliT)
amowmebs ukve momzadebul teqstebs. SesaZlebelia gamoviyenoT rubrika „kritikuli megobari“ _
moswavleebi sxvaTa namuSevrebs ganixilaven da erTmaneTs rCevebs aZleven. maswavlebeli aZlevs Semdeg
davalebas: daasrulon eqsponatebisTvis teqstebis Sedgena, moamzadon argumentebi (Tu ratom SearCies
konkretulad es nivTebi); aseve, airCion eqspoziciis wardgenis formati _ werilobiT, TandarTuli
naxatebiT; Power Point-is prezentaciiT, maketiT. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba.
etapi 3. moswavleebi davalebebs klasis winaSe waradgenen. ganmsazRvreli
Sefaseba _ prezentaciis Sefasebis rubrika.
maswavlebeli moswavleebs afasebs prezentaciis Sefasebis rubrikiT (dan. #3).

I Semajamebel davalebaSi moswavleebisTvis alternativad aris SeTavazebuli erTi Temis sxvadasxva

formiT warmodgena. Sesabamisad, am formebs gansxvavebuli rubrika eqneba, mag., Tu moswavlem es
davaleba unda Seasrulos werilobiT, unda aRweros eqspozicia _ ra nivTebi iqneba warmodgenili
gamofenaze da unda daasabuTos maTi aucilebloba. e.i. erTi kriteriumi iqneba faqtobrivi masalis
codna, anu ramdenad icis man am epoqis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi da nivTebsac adekvaturad irCevs, mag.,
neoliTis eqspoziciis momzadebisas eqneba CamoTvlili miwis dasamuSavebeli iaraRebi, moSinaurebuli
cxovelis Zvlebi da warmoadgens am cxovelebis naxatebs, rekonstruirebul saxlebs an saxlis naxatebs
da a.S.; am kriteriumiT Sefasdeba, ramdenad icis da gaazrebuli aqvs epoqa.
Semdegi kriteriumiT moswavlem unda SeZlos dasabuTeba, ratom airCia es nivTebi da risi Cveneba
surda maTi saSualebiT. anu Tu pirvel nawilSi moswavle ubralod Tvlis, meoreSi ukve asabuTebs.
man icis, ra aris am epoqis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi, Tvlis nivTebs da asabuTebs, risi Cveneba surda.
Sesabamisad, Semodis meore kriteriumi. SeiZleba davamatoT kriteriumebSi: SemoqmedebiToba _
ramdenad originalurad moaxerxa moswavlem davalebis warmoCena _ eqspoziciis moazreba. davalebaSi
aseve Cadebulia Semdgegi piroba: unda Candes, rom SerCeuli drois monakveTi erTi didi epoqis _

71
preistoriis Semadgeneli nawilia. Sesabamisad, moswavlem eqspozicias unda daurTos drois xazi,
qronologia, sadac moniSnuli iqneba mis mier SerCeuli periodi. erTi kriteriumiT SevafasebT droSi
orentacias. davaleba Tu werilobiTia, bunebrivia, iqneba rubrikaSi kriteriumi enis gamarTulobis
Sesaxeb. Tu moswavles vTxovT ilustracias, fasdeba ilustraciebic.

rubrika 1.

kriteriumi/qula 1 2 3
faqtobrivi masa- faqtobrivi masala icnobs faqtobriv masalas, faqtobrivi masala sru-
lis gamoyeneba ar aqvs an Secdome- Tumca davalebaSi zogjer lad an mcire Secdome-
biT aqvs warmodge- Secdomebia daSvebuli. biT aqvs gamoyenebuli.
nili.
msjeloba/ dasabuTebuli ar kargad ver msjelobs; dasabuTebulia; msjelo-
dasabuTeba aris/msjelobas ak- dasabuTebis dros uSvebs bis dros damajerebe-
lia damajerebloba. Secdomebs. lia/uSvebs mcire Sec-
domebs.
SemoqmedebiToba ar Cans/mcired Cans nawilobriv Cans Semoqmede- Cans SemoqmedebiToba;
SemoqmedebiToba. biToba; zogjer Cans origi- proeqti mTlianad/naw-
naluri azrebi, rac exmareba ilobriv originalurad
proeqtis ukeT warmoCenaSi. aqvs warmoCenili.
droSi orienta- ver axerxebs droSi axerxebs droSi orienta- axerxebs droSi ori-
cia/qronologia orientacias; dar- cias, magram xSirad uSvebs entacias/ TiTqmis ar
Rveulia qronolo- qronologiur Secdomebs. uSvebs qronologiur
gia. Secdomebs.
enobrivi gamarTu- enobrivad gaumar- enobrivad TiTqmis gamarTu- enobrivad gamarTulia;
loba Tavia an nawilobriv lia; daSvebulia stilistu- daSvebulia mcire stil-
gamarTulia. ri Secdomebi. isturi Secdomebi.

SesaZlebelia, moswavlem davaleba Seasrulos prezentaciis saxiT. Sesabamisad afasebT prezentaciis

Sefasebis rubrikiT. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu moswavlem klasis winaSe unda waradginos sakuTari eqspozicia,
emateba wardgenis komponentic.
amgvarad, rubrika gamomdinareobs davalebis miznidan da Sesabamisad mowmdeba saTanado komponentebi.
amjerad davalebis arsi epoqis gaazreba iyo da amasTan garkveuli unarebis (SemoqmedebiTobis,
kavSirebis dadgenis, msjelobis, klasis winaSe wardgenisas _ prezentirebis unarebis ganviTareba). am
komponentebidan gamomdinareobs Semdgomi Sefasebis rubrikac.

PowerPoint-iT
mowodebuli
prezentaciis Se-
0 1 2 3
fasebis rubrika
(mxolod doku-
mentis)
informaciis azris gageba mowodebuli in- davalebis moTxovnas davalebis moTx-
mowodeba SeuZlebelia; formacia mcirea; pasuxobs nawilobriv; ovnas pasuxobs; in-
azris gageba teqsti gasagebia da formacia mkafiod
teqsti mizans Wirs; umetesad informa- da Tanmimdevru-
ar pasuxobs.
teqsti gaumar- cia mkafiod aris ladaa gadmocemu-
Tavia. mowodebuli. li.

72
 faqtobrivi masa- ar icis faqtobrivi masa- ZiriTadad icis faq- kargad icis faqto-
lis codna, faqtobrivi lis gadmocemisas tobrivi masala, Tum- brivi masala da ar
masala; ZiriTadad uSvebs ca iSviaTad uSvebs uSvebs Secdomebs;
terminebisa da Secdomebs; Secdomebs; iyenebs terminebsa
cnebebis gamoye- ar iyenebs
terminebis gam- ZiriTadad mar- da cnebebs uSec-
neba terminebs.
oyenebisas uSvebs Tebulia terminebis domod, Sesabamis
Secdomebs. Sesabamis konteqstSi konteqstSi.
gamoyeneba.
ilustraciebi ar iyenebs iyenebs mcire umetes SemTxveva- ilustraciebi
ilustraciebs. raodenobiT; Si Temis Sesaferisi srul Sesabamisoba-
warmodgenili ilustraciebi aqvs; Sia Temasa da mizan-
ilustraciebi ar ZiriTadi nawili Tan, mravalferova-
Seesabameba Temas, informaciuli da nia, informaciulia.
mizans; sainteresoa.
ilustraciebi
erTferovania da
araa saintereso.
TemasTan dakav- ar aqvs ga- damatebiTi masa- moaqvs damatebiTi prezentacia-
Sirebuli sain- moyenebuli la Zalze mcirea; masala, Tumca is Si gamoyenebuli
tereso masalis damatebiTi, ar Seesabameba araTanmimdevrulad, damatebiTi, sain-
gamoyeneba (is gansxvavebuli mTavar Temas; araTematuradaa ga- tereso masala
rac ar Segvis- masala; cdilobs, war- nawilebuli prezent- Tanmimdevrulad,
wavlia); ar aqvs war- moadginos kvle- aciaSi; TemebTan Sesabami-
kvleva modgenili va. warmodgenili aqvs sobaSia mocemuli;
kvleva. kvleva, Tumca daskvna prezentaciaSi
ar gaukeTebia. CarTulia kvlevac
Tavisi daskvniT.
gamoyenebuli ar aqvs mi- arasaTanadod srulad aqvs miTiTe- srulad miTiTebu-
literatura TiTebuli aqvs miTiTebu- buli gamoyenebuli li gamoyenebu-
gamoyenebuli li literatura literatura. li literatura
literatura. (mxolod wignis mravalferovania.
saTauri an avto-
ri; erTi inter-
net-gverdi).

II Tavis Semajamebeli davaleba

mizani
egviptis/SuamdinareTis sazogadoebis modelireba im epoqaSi mcxovrebi adamianis TvaliT
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: Zveli aRmosavleTi: dro _ Zveli welTaRricxva; sivrce
_ egvipte, SuamdinareTi, saqarTvelo; sazogadoeba _ socialuri fenebi, kanonebi, msoflmxedveloba.
Zalaufleba _ saxelmwifo (samefo). istoriuli kvleva _ faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: a) ZvelaRmosavluri periodisTvis damaxasiaTebeli arsebiTi niSnebis
(damwerloba, saxelmwifoebrioba, religiuri sistemebi, „kompleqsuri sazogadoeba“) gamokveTa; b)
ZvelaRmosavluri sazogadoebis (socialuri fenebi, saxelmwifo mowyoba, samarTlebrivi azrovneba
(kanonebi), meurneobis formebi, religia da msoflmxedveloba) Tanamedrove da/an sxva istoriuli
epoqis sazogadoebasTan Sedareba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: pirveli saxelmwifoebi didi mdinareebis gaswvriv Camoyalibda; uZvelesi
civilizaciebis Camoyalibeba Zveli aRmosavleTis xalxebs (Sumerebi, xeTebi, asurelebi, babilonelebi)
ukavSirdeba. isini ZiriTadad lursmul damwerlobas iyenebdnen. ZvelaRmosavlur civilizaciebs
momTabare tomebis Semosevebi did safrTxes uqmnida.

73
 e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-geog­
rafiuli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da
msoflmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis unikalurobis Cveneba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT.

Semajamebeli davalebis piroba:

warmoidgine, rom ZvelaRmosavlur xanaSi cxovrob. TrialeTis tomis erT-erTi wevri xar da tomis
beladma Soreul mxareebSi samogzaurod gaggzavna. samxreT kavkasiidan jer SuamdinareTisken gaeSu-
rebi, Semdeg ki egviptisken aiReb gezs. davaleba SemdegSi mdgomareobs: pirvel pirSi unda awarmoo
dRiuri, aRwero mogzauroba, CainiSno yvelaferi, rac am qveynebSi mogewona da survili gagiCnda,
rom Tqveni tomis belads gauziaro. dRiuris warmoebis garda, konturul rukaze daitane Seni mog-
zaurobis marSruti (moswavlis rveuli, dav. #11). Seadare es ruka regionis fizikur rukas, monaxe,
romeli mdinareebis, tbebis Tu mTebis gavliT Tu gaswvriv mogiwevs mogzauroba. es monacemebi dRi-
uris warmoebisas gamoiyene.

maswavlebeli moswavleebs acnobs davalebis pirobas da Sefasebis rubrikas (dan. #5). aseve
adgens Semajamebeli davalebis samoqmedo gegmas. rogorc wina davalebis SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebeli
monitorings uwevs moswavleebis muSaobas da gzadagza ganmaviTarebeli SefasebebiT exmareba, bolos ki
ganmsazRvreli SefasebiT afasebs.

sarekomendacio gegma: msvleloba da Sefaseba

Semajamebeli davalebis pirvel etapze maswavlebels dasWirdeba regionis (kavkasia-axlo aRmo­

savleTi an azia-afrika) fizikuri ruka an meSvide klasis geografiis saxelmZRvanelo, sadac Sesabamisi
ruka iqneba.

davaleba fasdeba eses/Temis Sefasebis rubrikiT. kriteriumebi gansazRvravs istoriul droSi

orientacias. davalebis pirobis Tanaxmad, moswavle TrialeTis sazogadoebis wevria da Zvel
aRmosavleTSi unda imogzauros, Sesabamisad, mas SeuZlia iseTi civilizaciebis monaxuleba, romlebic
im periodSi arsebobda (ver imogzaurebs SumerSi, asureTSi, aqemenianur sparseTSi), anu man drois
garkveul momentisTvis unda SearCios mosanaxulebeli adgilebi.
amasTanave, damatebuli iqneba kriteriumi, romelic davalebis bolo komponents _ sivrceSi ori­
entacias Seafasebs.

droSi orienta- moswavles uWirs droSi SerCeuli qveynebi da SerCeuli qveynebi da

cia/ orientacia, mogzaurobi- civilizaciebi ZiriTa- civilizaciebi srulad
sas CamoTvlili qveynebi dad Seesabameba mocemul Seesabameba mocemul
epoqis gancda da civilizaciebi mxolod drois monakveTs. drois monakveTs.
nawilobriv Seesabameba
moswavle ZiriTadad mogzaurobisas mos-
drois im monakveTs, ro-
axerxebs epoqis warmoCe- wavlis mier moyvanili
melic davalebaSi hqonda
nas da mis mier moyvanili magaliTebi epoqasTan
micemuli.
magaliTebi ZiriTadad srul SesabamisobaSia.
moswavle mxolod nawi- epoqis Sesabamisia.
lobriv axerxebs epoqis
warmoCenas.

74
 faqtobrivi masa- faqtobrivi masalis ZiriTadad icis faqto- kargad icis faqtob­
lis codna, gadmocemisas ZiriTadad brivi masala, Tumca iSvi- rivi masala da ar
uSvebs Secdomebs; aTad uSvebs Secdomebs; uSvebs Secdomebs;
terminebisa da iyenebs terminebsa da
cnebebis gamoye- terminebis gamoyenebisas ZiriTadad marTebulia cnebebs uSecdomod,
neba uSvebs Secdomebs. terminebis Sesabamis kon- Sesabamis konteqstSi.
teqstSi gamoyeneba.
enobrivi gamar- enobrivad gaumarTavi, enobrivad gamarTuli, enobrivad gamarTuli
Tuloba xSiri SecdomebiT mcire SecdomebiT

sivrceSi orien­ moswavles nawilobriv an moswavles ZiriTadad/ moswavles sworad aqvs

tacia SecdomiT aqvs datanili an srulad aqvs datani- datanili konturul
mogzaurobis marSru- li marSruti konturul rukaze mogzaurobis
ti konturul rukaze; rukaze; ZiriTadad Ca- marSruti; CamoTvlis
marSrutis aRwerisas moTvlis im geografiul yvela geografiul
geografiuli obieqtebis obieqtebs, romlebic mis obiets, romlebic mog-
mxolod mcire nawils gzaze mdebareobda. zaurobisas mis gzaze
CamoTvlis. mdebareobda.

III Tavis I qveTavis Semajamebeli davaleba

mizani
TviTmxilvelis TvaliT, berZen-sparselTa omis mimdinareobaze msjeloba da qarTvelTa CarTu­
lobis xarisxis gamoyofa
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: berZen-sparselTa omi: dro _ Zveli welTaRricxva;
sivrce _ xmelTaSuazRvispireTi; istoriuli movlena _ politikuri istoria (konfliqti); wyaro,
istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi, faqti/interpretacia
Sefasebis indikatorebi: berZen-sparselTa omis Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba;
saqarTveloze maTi zegavlenis gaanalizeba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: antikur xanaSi saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovreb mosaxleobas mWidro
urTierToba hqonda imdroindeli msoflios mowinave xalxebTan: berZnebTan, romelebTan da
sparselebTan; antikur xanaSi aRmosavluri da dasavluri/xmelTaSuazRvispiruli saxelmwifoebi
upirispirdebodnen erTmaneTs.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis
gacnobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba;
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-
geografiuli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da
Sefaseba: istoriul movlenaze da pirovnebaze gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis mizezebis
axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT.

Semajamebeli davalebis piroba:

warmoidgine, rom didi xnis win cxovrobdi kolxeTSi. profesia, socialuri mdgomareoba, war­
momavloba Tavad airCie. aRwere Seni Tavgadasavali, rogor cxovrobdi kolxeTSi, rogor moxvdi
deg saberZneTSi da berZen-sparselTa omSi miiRe monawileoba. es avtobiografia imavdroulad
Sem­

75
istoriuli wyaroc unda iyos da mniSvnelovani movlenebis Sesaxeb informacias moicavdes. siuJets
rogor aageb, Senzea damokidebuli. magaliTad, es SeiZleba iyos berZen-sparselTa omis monawilis
fiqrebi samSobloze. mTavaria, Senma ambavma istoriuli wyaros funqcia Seasrulos. maswavlebeli
moswavleebs acnobs davalebis pirobas da Sefasebis rubrikas (dan. #6), aseve adgens Semajamebeli
davalebis samoqmedo gegmas.
etapi 1. moswavleebisTvis Semajamebeli davalebis Temisa da formatis, aseve Sefasebis rubrikis
gacnoba da ganxilva. maswavlebeli uxsnis moswavleebs, rom SesaZloa, kriteriumebi gansxvavdebodes
Temis Sefasebis rubrikis farglebSic. mag., problemis gaazreba. maswavlebeli yuradRebas amaxvilebinebs
am kriteriumze da sTavazobs ifiqron, ra aris kolxi meomris problema, ratom monawileobs is berZen-
sparselTa omSi.
Temis gegmis Sedgena (moswavleebi individualurad adgenen gegmebs). gegmebis ganxilva da rekomen­
daciebis micema.
etapi 2. moswavleebi weren Temas. maswavlebels SeuZlia imoqmedos `gadaSlili saxelmZRvanelos“
principiTac da moswavleebs saxelmZRvanelos gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba misces.
etapi 3. maswavlebeli rubrikis mixedviT Sefasebul Semajamebel davalebebs urigebs moswavleebs
da ajamebs samuSaos. CamoTvlis, ras gaarTves moswavleebma Tavi kargad da ra iyo SedarebiT susti
mxare. aZlevs rekomendaciebs. ganmasazRvreli Sefaseba
p.s. problemis gasaazreblad moswavlem amomwuravad unda gasces pasuxi, Tu ratom monawileobda
kolxi meomari berZen-sparselTa omSi, ramdenad exeboda an ar exeboda es misi qveynis istorias. zogma
moswavlem SeiZleba dauSvas, rom kolxi meomari iranelTa mxareze ibrZoda, zogma _ berZnebis mxareze.
mniSvnelovania msjeloba ara meomarTa poziciaze, aramed problemaze _ ratom gaxdnen valdebulni,
monawileoba mieRoT.

1. problemis problema arasruladaa problema kargadaa gaaz- problema Rrmad da

gaazreba gaazrebuli. rebuli. safuZvlianadaa gaazre-
buli.
faqtobrivi ma- faqtobrivi masalis gadmo- ZiriTadad icis faq- kargad icis faqtobrivi
salis codna, cemisas ZiriTadad uSvebs tobrivi masala, Tumca masala da ar uSvebs
Secdomebs; iSviaTad uSvebs Sec- Secdomebs; iyenebs
terminebisa da domebs; terminebsa da cnebebs
cnebebis gamo­ terminebis gamoyenebisas uSecdomod, Sesabamis
yeneba uSvebs Secdomebs. ZiriTadad marTebulia konteqstSi.
terminebis Sesabamis
konteqstSi gamoyeneba.
enobrivi gama­ enobrivad gaumarTavi, xSi- enobrivad gamarTuli, enobrivad gamarTuli
rTuloba ri SecdomebiT mcire SecdomebiT

naSromis orga- naSromi ar aris saTanadod naSromi organizebu- naSromi organizebulia

nizeba, logiku- organizebuli an mon- lia, zog SemTxveva- da monakveTebs Soris
rad ageba akveTebs Soris darRveulia Si monakveTebs Soris daculia logikuri
logikuri kavSirebi. darRveulia logikuri kavSirebi.
kavSirebi.

mosazrebis ar- mosazreba moklebulia mosazrebis gasamyare- mosazreba gamyarebulia

gumentireba logikur kavSirs sakiTxTan
da ar aris gamyarebuli
faqtebiT; poziciis gasam-
yareblad moyvanili argu-
mentebi mcirea da aradama-
jerebeli.
blad gamoyenebulia faqtebiT, cnebebiT.
sadavo faqtebi da cne- aris logikuri kavSiri
bebi/ sakiTxTan; argumenti
bevria da damajerebe-
logikuria, magram yvela li.
sakiTxis reziumireba ar
xdeba.

76
 III Tavis II qveTavis Semajamebeli davaleba

mizani
istoriaSi pirovnebis rolis Sefaseba
samizne cnebasTan Tematuri cnebis mimarTeba: qarTlis samefo: sivrce _ saqarTvelo; istoriuli
procesi _ politikuri istoria; wyaro, istoriuli kvleva _ pirveladi, faqti/interpretacia/
stereotipi
Sefasebis indikatorebi: sasanianTa sparseTis da romis/bizantiis dapirispirebis Sedegad
gamowveuli cvlilebebis daxasiaTeba; saqarTveloze maTi zegavlenis gaanalizeba
mkvidri warmodgenebi: momTabareebis SesaCereblad kavkasiis uReltexilebis gamagrebas bizantiisa
da sparseTisTvis strategiuli mniSvneloba hqonda; es saerTaSoriso politikaSi qarTlis samefos
rolis zrdas ganapirobebda.
e.s.g.-s Sedegebi:
ist. sab. 1. sakuTari mosazrebis/poziciis wyaros/mtkicebulebis safuZvelze dasabuTeba; imis
gacnobiereba, rom axali wyaroebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia nebismieri movlenis axleburad
gaazreba/gadafaseba;
ist. sab. 2. sxvadasxva tipis (pirveladi da meoradi) wyarosa da TvalsaCinoebebis (mag., istoriuli
ruka, genealogiuri tabula) miznis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba; wyaroebis kritikuli analizi;
ist. sab. 3. istoriuli movlenebis gadmocemisas qronologiuri erTeulebisa da istoriul-
geografiuli terminebis adekvaturi gamoyeneba;
ist. sab. 4. istoriuli movlenis/faqtebis tipologiuri dajgufeba (politikuri, socialuri niSniT);
ist. sab. 6. erTi da imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebulad interpretireba, gaanalizeba da
Sefaseba: istoriul movlenaze da pirovnebaze gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis arsebobis mizezebis
axsna, gansxvavebuli interpretaciebis Sedareba da Sefaseba;
ist. sab. 7. istoriuli epoqis maxasiaTeblebis (socialur-kulturuli ganviTareba, religia da
msoflmxedveloba, saxelmwifoebrivi ganviTareba da politika) gamoyofa, epoqis unikalurobis Cveneba;
ist. sab. 8. istoriuli movlenebis da procesebis danaxva/Sefaseba konkretul epoqaSi mcxovrebi
adamianebis TvaliT.
Tqven unda imsjeloT da SeafasoT qarTlis mefeebis (farnavazi, artagi, farsman I, farsman II, miriani,
vaxtangi) moRvaweoba da SeadginoT reitingi. daiyaviT jgufebad. jgufebSi imsjeleT da SeTanxmdiT
kriteriumebze, romelTa mixedviTac SeafasebT mefeebs (mag., gatarebuli RonisZiebebi, ra Sedegi
mohyva ama Tu im mefis moRvaweobas qveynisaTvis, Seicvala Tu ara sazRvrebi). Semdeg SeadgineT mefeebis
reitingi da CamowereT flifCartebze. SegiZliaT, gaaformoT Tqveni sia da mefeebs sxvadasxva simbolo
miusadagoT. jgufis wevrTa raodenobis mixedviT, TiToeulma moswavlem airCieT erTi an ori mefe da
daasabuTeT argumentebiT, Tu ratom aRmoCndnen isini reitingSi ama Tu im adgilze. samuSaos dasrulebis
Semdeg jgufebi klasis winaSe waradgenen reitingebsa da moxsenebebs. maswavlebeli moswavleebs acnobs
davalebis pirobas, Sefasebis rubrikas (dan. #7) da Semajamebeli davalebis samoqmedo gegmas.
msgavsi aqtivoba moswavleebma erT-erT gakveTilze ukve Seasrules, magram amjerad davalebis
ufro detalurad Sesruleba mouwevT.

gakveTilis gegma, Sefaseba

etapi 1. moswavleebisTvis Semajamebeli davalebis Temisa da formatis, aseve Sefasebis
rubrikis gacnoba da ganxilva. maswavlebeli klass jgufebad hyofs da gadascems mefeebis sias.
sanam moswavleebi reitings Seadgenen, mefeebs inawileben. jgufis TiToeuli wevri ixsenebs, krebs
informacias, iyenebs „gadaSlili saxelmZRvanelos“ princips, teqnikuri uzrunvelyofis SemTxvevaSi,
internetiTac iZiebs damatebiT masalas da amzadebs mokle moxsenebas jgufisaTvis. jgufis wevrebi
gaacnoben erTmaneTs informacias, imsjeleben da Seadgenen reitings. Semdegi gakveTilisTvis ki
TiToeulma maTganma ukve klasis winaSe warsadgeni teqsti unda moamzados da mefis moRvaweobis
mokled aRweris garda, reitingSi misTvis mikuTvnebuli adgilic daasabuTos. jgufebSi muSaobis dros
77
maswavlebeli Tvalyurs adevnebs maT da iniSnavs Sefasebebs jgufuri muSaobis Sefasebis rubrikaSi.
ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba.
etapi 2. maswavlebeli jgufebs urigebs flifCartebs, romlebzec moswavleebs reitingebi gadaaqvT.
garda amisa, moswavleebi msjeloben da Tanxmdebian, ra simboloebi miusadagon TiToeul mefes, Semdeg
ki am simboloebs mefeebis gaswvriv gamosaxaven. jgufebi namuSevrebs kedelze an dafaze gaakraven
da waradgenen klasis winaSe. maswavlebeli afasebs Sesabamisi rubrikiT. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba,
ganmsazRvreli Sefaseba.
etapi 3. jgufebi agrZeleben prezentaciebs, maswavlebeli ki maT afasebs.
prezentaciebis Semdeg maswavlebeli aanalizebs da ajamebs davalebis Sesrulebis process.
ganmsazRvreli Sefaseba.

1. problemis gaazreba problema arasruladaa problema kargadaa problema Rrmad da

gaazrebuli. gaazrebuli. safuZvlianadaa gaazre-
buli.
faqtobrivi masalis faqtobrivi masalis ZiriTadad icis faq- kargad icis faqtobrivi
codna, gadmocemisas ZiriTa- tobrivi masala, Tumca masala da ar uSvebs
dad uSvebs Secdomebs; iSviaTad uSvebs Sec- Secdomebs; iyenebs
terminebisa da cne- domebs; terminebsa da cnebebs
bebis gamoyeneba terminebis gamoyenebi-
ZiriTadad marTebulia uSecdomod, Sesabamis
sas uSvebs Secdomebs.
terminebis Sesabamis konteqstSi.
konteqstSi gamoyeneba.
mosazrebis argumen- mosazreba moklebu- mosazrebis gasamyare- mosazreba gamyarebulia
tireba lia logikur kavSirs blad gamoyenebulia faqtebiT, cnebebiT.
sakiTxTan da ar aris sadavo faqtebi da aris logikuri kavSiri
gamyarebuli faqtebiT; cnebebi/ sakiTxTan; argumenti
poziciis gasamyare- logikuria, magram bevria da damajerebe-
blad moyvanili ar- yvela sakiTxis rezium- li.
gumentebi mcirea da ireba ar xdeba.
aradamajerebeli.
jgufuri muSaobis iSviaTad TanamS- periodulad TanamS- yovelTvis mzadaa
unar-Cvvebi romlobs jgufs romlobs jgufis TanamSromlobisTvis,
wevrebTan. misTvis wevrebTan, misTvis misTvis gankuTvnil
gankuTvnil davale- gankuTvnil davalebebs davalebebs droulad
bebs droulad ar nawilobriv asrulebs. asrulebs, sxvaze ar
asrulebs. aris damokidebuli.

mosmena da diskusia pativs ar scems sxvis pativs scems sxvis pativs scems sxvis azrs,
azrs, iSviaTad usmens azrs, usmens, ganixi- usmens, ganixilavs,
da saSualebas aZlevs lavs SemoTavazebebs svams SekiTxvebs sakiTx-
sxvebs, miiRon monaw- da scems pasuxs SekiTx- is irgvliv, exmareba
ileoba jgufis Sida vebs. jgufs azris, argumen-
diskusiaSi. tis marTebulad Camoy-
alibebaSi.

prezentireba, audi- periodulad cdilobs grZnobs auditorias flobs auditorias,

toriasTan kontaqti auditoriis yuradRe- da ZiriTadad kontaqts adekvaturad rea-
bis mipyrobas, magram amyarebs. ZiriTadad ax- girebs mis reaqciebze,
ar icis saamiso xerx- erxebs prezentirebas. efeqturad iyenebs ver-
ebi, uWirs namuSevris balur da araverbalur
wardgena. xerxebs. srulad warmo-
aCens namuSevars.

78
 gakveTilis gegmebis danarTebi. danarTi 1. diskusiis Sefasebis rubrika

danarTi # 1 _ diskusiis Sefasebis rubrika

I done (1-4 qula) II done (5-7 qula) III done (8-10 qula)

mosmena iSviaTad usmens da xSirad usmens da uyurebs yovelTvis usmens da Tval­­

uyurebs orators orators yurs adevnebs orators

saubari metyveleba aramkafioa, ZiriTadad metyveleba mkafiod metyvelebs da

msmenelebs uWirT gageba gas­agebia da uyurebs ms- uyurebs msmenelebs
menelebs

araverbaluri iSviaTad iyenebs ara- xSirad SeuZlia daamyaros SeuZlia efeqturad aR­
komunikacia verbalur komunikaciis araverbaluri kontaqti iq­vas da gamoiyenos ara­­
formebs ver­­baluri komuni­kaci­is
formebi (Tva­liT, Jeste­
biT, gamometyve­lebiT, xmiT)

monawileoba mcire interesi aqvs. ar ZiriTadad gamoxatavs uCvenebs interess dis-

gamoxatavs an ver uka- interess. komentarebi da kusiis Temisadmi saWiro
vSirebs Tavis mosazre- azrebi yovelTvis araa komentarebiTa da azrebis
bebs sadiskusio Temas Temis Sesatyvisi gamoTqmiT

kooperacia iSviaTad TanamSrom- ZiriTadad TanamSrom- TanamSromlobs Tanakla-

lobs da icavs diskusi- lobs TanaklaselebTan, selebTan, aclis sxvebs
is wesebs zogjer erTveba sxvis azris gamoTqmas da icavs
saubarSi, ZiriTadad diskusiis wesebs
icavs diskusiis wesebs

mosazrebis mosazreba moklebu- mosazrebis gasamyareblad mosazreba originalu­ria

argumentire- lia logikur kavSirs gamoyenebulia sadavo da gamyarebulia faq­
ba sakiTxTan da ar aris faqtebi da cnebebi tebiT, cnebebiT. aris lo­
gamyarebuli faqtebiT gi­kuri kavSiri sakiTxTan

danarTi # 2 _ eses/ Txzulebis Sefasebis rubrika

eses (Txzulebis) Sefasebis rubrika

kriteriumebi 0 1 2 3
1. problemis problema ar aris problema arasru- problema kargadaa problema Rrmad
gaazreba gaazrebuli ladaa gaazrebuli gaazrebuli da safuZvlianadaa
gaazrebuli
2. msjelobis mosazreba ar aris msjeloba zedapi- msjeloba damajere- msjeloba dam-
dasabuTeba dasabuTebuli rulia da ar aris bladaa dasabuTebu- ajrebeladaa
gamyarebuli Sesaf- li, Tumca calkeul dasabuTebuli
(faqtobrivi erisi magaliTebiT SemTxvevebSi ar aris da gamyarebulia
masalis gamoy- gamyarebuli Sesaf- Sesaferisi mag-
eneba) erisi magaliTebiT aliTebiT
3. naSromis naSromi ar aris naSromi ar aris naSromi organizebu- naSromi organi-
organizeba, organizebuli da saTanadod orga- lia, zog SemTxvevaSi zebulia da mon-
logikurad monakveTebs Soris nizebuli an mon- monaklveTebs Soris akveTebs Soris
ageba ar arsebobs logi- akveTebs Soris darRveulia logiku- daculia logikuri
kuri kavSirebi darRveulia logi- ri kavSirebi kavSirebi
kuri kavSirebi
4. enobrivi ar aris gamarTu- Txroba araTanmim- enobrivad ZiriTad enobrivad gamarTu-
gamarTuloba li devrulia da Zir- SemTxvevaSi gamar- lia, Txroba Tana-
iTadad gaumarTavi Tulia, Tumca aqvs mimdevrulia
mcire xarvezebi

79
 rogor davweroT kargi ese _ 14 nabiji

ixileT 14 nabiji:
1. SearCie Tema Seni esesTvis.
2. airCie Temis mTavari azri, an Tezisi. magaliTad: informaciulma teqnologiebma revoluciuri
cvlileba moaxdina Cveni samuSaos specifikaze.
3. gawere ese sam ZiriTad nawilad: Sesavali, mTavari nawili da daskvna/Sejameba.
4. Sesavali saintereso winadadebiT daiwye. magaliTad: kompiuteris meSveobiT, saxlidan momuSave
adamianebis raodenoba bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi 150 000-dan 12 milionamde gaizarda. Sesavali,
SeiZleba, Seicavdes saintereso statistikas, cnobili adamianis frazas, ritorikul kiTxvas,
rogoricaa “icodiT, rom…”, Tu sxv.
5. pirveli winadadebis Semdeg Camoayalibe eses mTavari azri. am winadadebam unda gansazRvros
mTliani teqstis dedaazri.
6. yovel axal abzacs warumZRvare winadadeba, romelic am abzacs gansazRvravs. amiT SeZleb
paragrafebis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebas da eses struqturis awyobas.
7. Sesavali daasrule mTavari azris mokle SejamebiT. magaliTisaTvis: teqnologiurma inovaciebma
tradiciuli samuSao garemo warsuls Caabara.
8. Sida paragrafebi (ZirTadad ori, an sami) SesavalSi dafiqsirebuli ideis ganvrcobas emsaxureba.
gaxsovdes, rom sawyis paragrafSi aRniSnuli Temis mimoxilviT eses struqtura ikvreba.
9. eses Sua paragrafebSi moiyvane magaliTebi da damatebiTi informacia Temaze. magaliTad: roca
interneti pirvelad Seiqmna, mas ZiriTadad mecnierebi iyenebdnen, Tumca, dRes ukve yvela
saklaso oTaxSi SegiZliaT misi gamoyeneba.
10. eses Sua paragrafebma unda ganaviTaros centraluri idea da bolos Seajamos igi. TiToeulma
msgavsma paragrafma minimum ori magaliTi an faqti unda ganixlos mTavari ideis dasacavad.
11. bolo, daskvniTi paragrafi ajamebs mTel eses da Sesavalis perifrazirebas axdens.
12. daskvna daiwye winadadebiT, romelic gaimeorebs wina paragrafebis principul ideas. magaliTad:
internetis moxmarebam saxlis pirobebSi da Tanamedrove kompiuteruli sistemebis swrafma
ganviTarebam…
13. boloswina winadadebam unda gaimeoros Temis mTavari Tezisi. magaliTisTvis: Cven industriuli
revoluciidan informaciul revoluciaSi gadavinacvleT.
14. bolo winadadeba mTavari Tezisis samomavlo perspeqtivebs Seexeba. magalTad: momavalSi ofi­
cialuri samuSao garmos srul gaqrobas unda velodeT.
rCevebi:
• azris Camosayalibleblad gamoiyene Zlieri zmnebi da Tavi aaride modalur zmnebs.
• ar moixado bodiSi, imis gamo, rasac ambob. ese sakuTari azris gamoxatvaa.
• ucxo enaze werisas, nu gadmoTargmni azrs mSobliuri enidan. ase Sors ver waxval.
https://edu.aris.ge/news/rogor-davwerot-kargi-ese-14-nabiji.html

80
 gakveTilis gegmebis danarTebi. danarTi 1. diskusiis Sefasebis rubrika

danarTi # 3 _ prezentaciis Sefasebis rubrika

rubrikiT vafasebT I Tavis Semajamebel davalebas/SegiZliaT Sefasebis rubrikas daakloT an daumatoT
kriteriumebi.

0 1 2 3
1. Sesavali trafaretuli da aris mcdeloba audi­ sainteresod aris efeqturia. ara-
(problemis uintereso toriis daintere­ mowodebuli da Sees- trafaretuli, ipy-
identificire- sebis, magram yur- abameba Sinaarss robs auditoriis
ba) adRebas ver ipyrobs yuradRebas
2. Temis Zir- bundovania sau- mxolod nawilobri­ gasagebia, magram warmodgenili
iTadi nawili brobs dabneulad vaa gasagebi, moiTx- aris xarvezebi, sakiTxebi naTeli
warmodgena ovs damatebiT iTxovs dazustebas da gasagebia, dama-
ganmar­tebebs jerebelia
3. argumenta- ar aqvs argumen- argumentebi mcirea argumentebi aqvs, argumenti bevria
cia tebi da aradamajerebli magram aklia faq- da damajerebeli,
tobrivi masaliT gamyarebulia faq-
gamyareba tobrivi masaliT
4. Tvalsa- ar iyenebs Tvalsa- warmodgenili Tval- TvalsaCinoeba Zir- TvalsaCinoebas
Cinoebebis Cinoebas saCinoebas ar Seesa- iTadad TemasTan srul Sesabamiso-
gamoyeneba bameba Temas, mizans kavSirSia, mxolod baSia TemasTan da
mcire Seusabamobaa mizanTan, saintere­
soa, originaluria
5. drois lim- ar icavs drois cdilobs, magram ZiriTadad icavs icavs drois lim-
itis dacva limits ver axerxebs droSi drois limits, Tum­ its, Caetia gan-
Catevas ca bolomde ver mo­ kuTvnil droSi.
aswro prezentacia

• TvalsaCinoebis nawilSi fasdeba naxati, ilustraciebi Tu damzadebuli maketi; danarCeni kriteri-

umebi afasebs Sinaarsobriv mxares da verbalurs da komunikacias.

danarTi # 4 _ jgufuri muSaobis rubrika

kriteriumebi 3-5 6-7 8-9 10

davalebaze davalebaze ar iSviaTadaa davaleba- muSaobis procesSi muSaobis procesSi
orientireba aris orien- ze orientirebuli, metwilad davale- mTlianad davalebazea
tirebuli da sWirde­ba davalebis bazea orientirebu- orientirebuli. jgu-
davalebas sxve- Sesru­lebis Sesaxeb li. jgufis wevrebi fis Rirseuli wevria.
bi asruleben. Sex­seneba. zogjer endobian erTmaneTs. muSaobs da exmareba
xSirad cdilobs aqti­uria, magram Zlieri wevria, sxvebsac jgufSi.
ar daexmaros sWir­deba meti cdilobs daexmaros
jgufs. mondome­ba sxvebsac
jgufuri ar TanamSrom- iSviaTad TanamS- pativs scems sxvis pativs scems sxvis
muSaobis lobs jgufis romlobs jgufis azrs, usmens, ga- azrs, usmens, ganixi-
unarCveva wev­­rebTan. ar wevrebTan. misTvis nixilavs SemoTava- lavs da sxvams SekiTx-
as­rulebs dava­ kuTvnil davalebebs zebebs da svams vebs sakiTxis irgvliv,
le­bebs da dava­ droulad ar as- SekiTxvebs. exmareba jgufs swori
lebebis Sesru­ rulebs, ris gamoc xerxiT problemis gad-
le­ba jgufis sxva davalebis Sesrule- aWraSi.
wevrebs uwevT. ba sxvebs uxdebaT.
kvleva, arasodes aw- zogjer awvdis xSirad awvdis agrovebs da jsgufis
informaciis vdis sasargeblo jgufs ganxilvisT- jgufs ganxilvisT- wevrebs uziarebs sa­
gaziareba ideas an infor- vis sasargeblo ide- vis sasargeblo ide- sargeblo ideebsa
macias jgufs ebs an informaciebs ebs an informaciebs da informaciebs ga­
nxil­­visTvis. yoveli
informacia xels uwyobs
jgufis miznis miRwevas.

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problemis ar Rebulobs ar sTavazobs gamo- sTavazobs an eTanx- aqtiurad miiswrafis
mogvareba monawileobas savals problemi- meba jgufis sxva miznisken, iZleva prob-
problemis dan. magram cdi- wevrebis mier war- lemebis gadaWrisTvis
mogvarebisTvis lobs modgenil rCevebs efeqtur rCevebs.
gzebis ZiebaSi /
argumentebis
mofiqrebaSi.
partnio- yovelTvis arase- zogjer araserio- xSirad exmareba muSaobs raTa jgufis
ri/ jgufis riozulobiT ek- zulobiT ekideba jgufis mier dasax- mizani srulad iqnes
wevri ideba davalebis davalebis Sesrule- uli miznis miRweva- miRweuli. yovelTvis
sesrulebas. bas. Si. dadebiTadaa gan- dadebiTadaa ganwyobi-
sxvisi namuSevre- wyobili davalebis li davalebis mimarT.
bis mimarTac mimarT. jgufis jgufis yvela wevris
araseriozul yvela wevris namu- namuSevars dadebiT-
damokidebulebas Sevars dadebiTad ad axasiaTebs. jgufis
amJRavnebs. axasiaTebs. yvela wevrma Tana-
bari wvlili Seitana
samuSaos SesrulebaSi.

danarTi # 5 _ Temis/dRiuris/ Sefasebis rubrika

fasdeba Semdegi unarebi: kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena; SemoqmedebiToba; sivrceSi orientireba;
istoriuli epoqis gancda.

kriteriumebi 1 2 3
1. organizeba naSromi ar aris organi- gaazrebulia Tanmimde- naSromi organizebulia,
zebuli da monakveTebi vruloba, organizebis monakveTebs Soris
ar aris erTmaneTTan lo- niSnebiT, zogi gadas- logikuri kavSiria da
gikurad dakavSirebuli vla ideebs Soris aris Tanamimdevruladaa
martivi, zogi gaugebari gadmocemuli
2. Sinaarsis kore- xSirad gvxvdeba Seusaba- ZiriTadad koreqtulia, mTlianad koreqtu-
qtuloba (faqtob- mo, mcdari informacia zogierTi Seusabamo an li, faqtebi zusti da
rivi masalis gamo- mcdari informaciiT mkafio
yeneba)
3. epoqis gancda aqvs mcdeloba epoqis nawilobriv iazrebs iazrebs epoqas, misi
gaazrebis, Tumca misi az- epoqas, Tumca xandaxan Sefaseba da komentari
rebi, komentarebi dros- movlenebis gadmocemisas yovelTvis Seesabameba
Tan TiTqmis Seusabamoa Tu situaciis Sefasebisas dros
uzustobebs usvebs.

4. sivrceSi orient- moswavles uWirs moswavles ZiriTadad moswavles yovelTvis

acia/rukidan miRe- geografiuli informaci- SeuZlia geografiuli in- SeuZlia geografi-
buli informaciis is mosapoveblad  rukis formaciis mosapove- uli informaciis
gamoyeneba kiTxva, geografiuli blad  rukis kiTxva, mosapoveblad  rukis
obieqtebis mdebareo- geografiuli obieqtebis kiTxva da geografiuli
bis gansazRvra/ mxolod mdebareobis gansazRvra/ obieqtebis mdebare-
rukidan miRebul mcire obis rukaze gansaz-
informacias iyenebs nawilobriv iyenebs Rvra/ srulad iyenebs
rukidan miRebul infor- rukidan miRebul
macias geografiul informa-
cias.
5. SemoqmedebiToba cdilobs sakiTxis origi- nawilobriv sakiTx- Tema mTlianad origi-
nalurad gadawyvetas ebi originaluradaa naluria, yvela sakiTxs
mowodebuli, rac Temis SemoqmedebiTad udgeba.
ukeT warmoCenaSi exmareba
6. enobrivi gamar- ar aris gamarTuli Txroba Tanmimdevrulia, enobrivad gamarTu-
Tuloba Tumca aqvs xarvezebi. lia, Tumca aqvs mcire
xarvezebi

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danarTi # 6 _ Temis Sefasebis rubrika
fasdeba Semdegi unarebi: prob;emis gaazreba, kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena; SemoqmedebiToba;
istoriuli epoqis gancda.

kriteriumebi 1 2 3
1. organizeba naSromi ar aris gaazrebulia Tanmimdevru­ naSromi organizebulia,
organi­zebuli da lo­ba, organizebis niSnebiT, monakveTebs Soris logi-
monakveTebi ar aris zogi gadasvla ideebs So­ris kuri kavSiria da Tanamim-
erTmaneTTan logiku­ aris martivi, zogi gauge­ devruladaa gadmocemuli
rad dakavSirebuli bari
2. Sinaarsis xSirad gvxvdeba Seu- ZiriTadad koreqtulia, zo- mTlianad koreqtuli,
koreqtuloba sabamo, mcdari infor- gierTi Seusabamo an mcdari faqtebi zusti da mkafio
(faqtobrivi macia informaciiT
masalis
gamoyeneba)
3. epoqis gan­ aqvs mcdeloba epoqis nawilobriv iazrebs epoqas, iazrebs epoqas, misi Sefase-
cda gaazrebis, Tumca misi Tumca xandaxan movlenebis ba da komentari yovelTvis
azrebi, komentarebi gadmocemisas Tu situaci- Seesabameba dros
drosTan TiTqmis Seu- is Sefasebisas uzustobebs
sabamoa usvebs.
4. problemis problema arasruladaa problema ZiriTadadaa problema Rrmad da safuZ-
gaazreba gaazrebuli gaazrebuli vlianadaa gaazrebuli

5. Semoqmedebi- cdilobs sakiTxis nawilobriv sakiTxebi orig- Tema mTlianad original-

Toba originalurad gad- inaluradaa mowodebuli, uria, yvela sakiTxs Semoq-
awyvetas rac Temis ukeT warmoCenaSi medebiTad udgeba.
exmareba
6. enobrivi ar aris gamarTuli Txroba Tanmimdevrulia, enobrivad gamarTulia, Tum-
gamarTuloba Tumca aqvs xarvezebi. ca aqvs mcire xarvezebi

danarTi # 7 _ jgufuri muSaobisa da prezentaciis Sefasebis rubrika

am SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs TiToeul kriteriumSi eniWebaT nuli an erTi qula da saboloo qulis
gamosayvanad iTvleba maTi jami. maqsimaluri jami aris aTi qula. kriteriumebiT fasdeba rogorc
jgufuri muSaobis, aseve prezentaciis unarebi.

kriteriumebi moswavlis saxeli, gvari

1. jgufuri muSaobis unarCveva

2. kvleva, informaciis gaziareba

3. saintereso Sesavali (problemis identificireba)
4. SemoqmedebiTi unari
5. argumentacia
6. Temis gasagebad warmodgena (logikuri jaWvi)
7. naSromis warmoCenis unari, saubari (gamarTuloba, tembri)
8. auditoriasTan kontaqti
9. informaciis flobis unari (adekvaturi kiTxva-pasuxi)
10. drois limitis dacva
jami

83
 6. maswavleblis wignis daskvniTi nawili

Cveni sagnis specifikidan gamomdinare, am nawilSi mogawvdiT pasuxebs mxolod ramdenime SekiTx-
vaze. Cveni davalebebis umetesoba saazrovnoa, sadiskusioa da nebismieri logikuri pasuxi SeiZle-
ba sworad iqnas aRqmuli. Tumca aris ramdenime davaleba, romlebis savaraudo pasuxebis TqvenTvis
mowodebac aucileblad migvaCnia.

pasuxebi:
paragrafi 12. rogor wavida pirvelyofili sazogadoeba civilizaciisken _ ratom gaCnda pirveli
saxelmwifoebi mdinareebis piras?
gv. 38. bolo ori SekiTxva norC mkvlevrebs: mtkvar-araqsis kultura aseve or mdinares Soris iyo
moqceuli _ saxelmwifo ratom ver Camoyalibda? am kiTxvas rom pasuxi gavceT, mtkvar-araqsis kultu-
ra da egvipte erTmaneTs unda SevadaroT.

savaraudo pasuxi: mtkvar-araqsis sazogadoebas ar Seuqmnia sairigacio sistema, rac moxda egvip-
tisa da Sumeris SemTxvevaSi. amgvari sistemebis Seqmna Sromis Zalian did organizebas moiTxovs. ase-
Ti organizebis dros ki gamoCndeba lideri, Tanamedrove termini rom vixmaroT _ menejeri (egviptis
SemTxvevaSi _ nomarqebi). Sromis organizebisa da danawilebis dros xdeba socialuri diferenciacia,
mdidrebisa da Raribebis warmoqmna, rac saxelmwifos Seqmnis erT-erTi (da ara erTaderTi) pirobaa.
mkvar-araqsis kulturis matarebel xalxSi ki aseTi diferenciacia ar Cans (arc dasaxlebis tipebSi, arc
dakrZalvis wesSi da arc nivTier masalaSi). aq SeiZleba daisvas kiTxva: ratom ar warmoiSva mtkvar-araq-
sis sazogadoebaSi sairigacio sistemebis Seqmnis aucilebloba? savaraudod, mtkvar-araqsis kultura
SedarebiT mcire teritorias moicavda (egviptesa da SuamdinareTTan SedarebiT) da aq arsebuli wylis
resursebi, mdinareebi sakmarisi iyo mosarwyavad, ar moiTxovda sairigacio sistemis Seqmnas.

paragrafi 13. rogor imarTeboda saxelmwifo?

gv. 40, SekiTxva 8: rogor fiqrob, ra unda aRmoeCinaT arqeologebs, rom TrialeTis kultura mkv-
levrebs saxelmwifod CaeTvalaT?

savaraudo pasuxi: qalaqebi, damwerlobis nimuSebi.

23. ras warmoadgens berZnuli civilizaciis memkvidreoba? gakveTili 1
gv. 66, SekiTxva 3: iqneboda Tu ara berZnebis yvela miRweva misaRebi sxva saxelmwifoebisTvis, tome-
bisTvis?

savaraudo pasuxi: aq, upirveles yovlisa, igulisxmeba miRwevebidan umTavresi _ demokratia da

demokratiuli mmarTvelobis forma. bunebrivia, es miRweva ver iqneboda misaRebi mag., aqemenianTa
sparseTisTvis, egviptisTvis da a.S. _ im saxelmwifoebisTvis, sadac monarqiuli wyoba iyo. marTvis es
sistemebi Tvisobrivad ewinaaRmdegeboda erTmaneTs.

paragrafi 29. ratom adareben elinizms Tanamedrove globalizacias?

gv. 83. sakvanZo SekiTxva: ratom adareben elinizms Tanamedrove globalizacias?

savaraudo pasuxi: globalizacia axsnilia moswavlis wignSi. esaa ekonomikuri, kulturuli da sxva
miRwevebis saSualebiT qveynebisa da kontinentebis daaxloeba. elinizmis drosac igive moxda. aleqsan-
dre makedonelis aRmosavleTSi laSqrobis Sedegad evropuli (elinuri) da aRmosavluri (sparsuli,
Suamdinaruli, axlo aRmosavleTis, egviptis) kulturebi dauaxlovda erTmaneTs, moxda ekonomikis
integracia.

84
 paragrafi 33. rogori iyo romauli sazogadoeba da kanonebi? Tavisufalni da damonebulni

gv. 93. SekiTxva 1. riT gansxvavdeboda romaeli moqalaqe Zveli samyaros sxva saxelmwifos mkvidrisgan?

savaraudo pasuxi: am kiTxvaSi mTavari aqcenti moqalaqezea dasmuli. teqstSi saubaria, vin iT-
vleboda romis moqalaqed; mTavaria moqalaqe, romelsac politikuri uflebebi aqvs. moswavleebma
unda gaacnobieron, rom sityva „moqalaqe“ maSinve moiazrebda politikur uflebebs da aseTi adami-
ani radikalurad gansxvavdeboda imave periodSi sxva saxelmwifoebSi mcxovrebTagan; rom aqemenianur
Tu sasanur sparseTSi mcxovreb adamians ver vuwodebT moqalaqes. amrigad, romaeli, iseve rogorc
berZnul qalaq-saxelmwifoebis moqalaqe, sxva saxelmwifos mkvidrTagan gansxvavdeboda politikuri
uflebebiT.

85
 rekomendaciebi maswavlebels

pirveli qarTuli saxelmwifoebis gacnobisas (par. 15 _ rogor urTierTobda diaoxi Zvel aRmosavlur
qveynebTan? par. 16 _ rogor da visTan urTierTobda kolxa?) SegiZliaT, moswavleebs miawodoT informacia
kaxeTSi, didnauris arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Sesaxeb.
mokle informacia didnauris gaTxrebze: 2014 wels aerofoto gadaRebis Sedegad kaxeTSi masStaburi
dasaxleba aRmoaCines. naqalaqaris Sida cixe 1,5 km. sigrZis galavniTa da 12 metris siganis Tavdacvi-
Ti TxriliTaa SemosazRvruli. daiwyo dazverviTi arqeologiuri gaTxrebi. mopovebuli keramikuli
masalis mixedviT, eqspediciis wevrebi naqalaqars Zv.w. XII-IX saukuneebiT aTariReben. sasaxlis masStabi,
infrastruqtura, mimdebare teritoriaze arsebuli nasaxlarebi da samarxebi arqeologebs saSualebas
aZlevs, ivaraudon, rom naqalaqari adre uZvelesi saxelmwifos dedaqalaqi iyo, Zv.w. IX saukuneSi ki
miwisZvris Sedegad daingra.
zogi mecnieri fiqrobs, rom es saxelmwifo diaoxsa da kolxaze adreulia da didnauris gaTxrebma,
SesaZloa, qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis istoria Secvalos.
damatebiTi informacia SegiZliaT moiZioT Semdeg gverdze: http://edulab.ge/archives/99995335
es damatebiTi informacia gakveTilze SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT Semdegi mimarTulebiT: moswavleebma
imsjelon, rogor SeiZleba axalma artefaqtma, wyarom gadaafasos istoriaSi miRebuli mosazrebebi.
mag., klasisTvis informaciis miwodebis, an Tundac miTiTebuli saitis gacnobis, an prezentaciis ward-
genis Semdeg klass usvamT kiTxvas:
rogor fiqrobT, ra mniSvneloba aqvs am eqspedicias saqarTvelos istoriisTvis?
Tu arqeologiuri gaTxrebi aq saxelmwifos Zv.w. XII saukunemde arsebobas daadgens, ra Seicvleba
Cvens istoriaSi?
davuSvaT, es aRmoCena ukve mtkicebulebad miviReT da qarTuli saxelmwifoebis Seqmnis TariRic
gadavwieT, ramdenad uryevi iqneba es axlad miRebuli TariRi? ra SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba Seicvalos
isic? da a.S. anu SegiZliaT gonebrivi ieriSi gaagrZeloT am mimarTulebiT da moswavleebi miiyvanoT
daskvnamde, rom axalma wyarom SesaZloa, Secvalos istoria; rom Cveni codna amJamad arsebul istorul
wyaroebzea dafuZnebuli.

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 gamoyenebuli da sarekomendacio literatura

maswavleblis wignis am nawilSi mogawvdiT informacias TqvenTvis mniSvnelovani literatu­ris Sesa­

xeb. warmogidgenT rogorc wignebisa da statiebis sias, aseve eleqtronul misamarTebs.

istoriuli literatura:
1. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi. t. 1, 1970
2. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi. t. 2, 1973
3. saqarTvelos istoria oTx tomad. t. 1-2, 2012
4. e. astaxiSvili, n.axmeteli, m. RambaSiZe. qarTvelebi da gare samyaro. 2018
5. georgika. bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, t.1. 1961
6. georgika. bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, t.2. 1965
7. georgika. bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, t.3. 1936
8. T. yauxCiSvili. berZeni mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. t.1. 1967
9. T. yauxCiSvili. berZeni mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. t. 2. 1969
10. Zveli aRmosavleTis xalxTa istoriis qrestomaTia. 1990

literatura ganaTlebis sakiTxebze:

1. j. diui. rogor vazrovnebT. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2013
2. j. diui. skola da sazogadoeba. bavSvi da codnis standarti. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganvi-
Tarebis centri, 2013
3. m. s. donovani, k. d. brensfordi. rogor vswavlobT: istoria, maTematika da sabunebismetyvelo
mecnierebebi. ganaTleba gonierebisTvis. statiebi ganaTlebis sakiTxebze. maswavlebelTa profe-
siuli ganviTarebis centri, 2010
4. s. lobJaniZe. rogor davgegmoT moqnili da SemoqmedebiTi gakveTili? maswavleblis wigni. inter-
aqtiuli meTodebi praqtikaSi. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2016
5. r. j. marzano, i. s. marzano, d. j. fiqeringi. klasis marTva. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis
centri, 2016
6. m. meliqiSvili. biheviorizmi. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2012
7. m. meliqiSvili. konstruqtivizmi. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2012
8. m. meliqiSvili. Jan piaJes kognituri ganviTarebis Teoria. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTare-
bis centri, 2012
9. d. uznaZe. bavSvis fsiqologia. 1947
10. d. uznaZe. ganwyobis fsiqologia. https://library.iliauni.edu.ge/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Uznadze-ganwyoba.pdf
11. j. qarfizi. kognituri procesebi kritikul azrovnebaSi. ganaTleba gonierebisTvis. statiebi
ganaTlebis sakiTxebze. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2010
12. T. Wanturia. mravalmxrivi inteleqtis Teoria. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri,
2012
13. T. WyoiZe. azrovneba sakuTari azrovnebis Sesaxeb. 11 oqtomberi, 2013. Maswavlebeli.ge (internet-
gazeTi)
14. s. janaSia... rogor vaswavloT moswavleebs azrovneba. meTodologiuri saxelmZRvanelo. erovnu-
li saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2007
15. a. janeliZe, n. labartyava, v. kvirikaSvili, q. qobalia. maswavleblis wigni. ganaTlebis dawyebiTi
safexuris maswavleblebisTvis. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2014
16. e. hargrivsi. swavleba codnis sazogadoebaSi: ganaTleba gonierebisTvis. statiebi ganaTlebis
sakiTxebze. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2010

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 eleqtronuli misamarTebi:

1. http://mastsavlebeli.ge
gakveTilis dagegmvasa da swavlebis Tanamedrove meTodologiaze ara erTi statiaa ganTavsebuli,
mag.,
• maia firCxaZis istoriuli-SedarebiTi meTodis gamoyeneba laboratoriuli praqtikuli mecadi-
neobisas _ http://mastsavlebeli.ge/?p=2054
• irakli kakabaZis istoriis swavlebis mniSnelobisTvis, http://mastsavlebeli.ge/?p=3488
• krebuli: skolidan - samoqalaqao sazogadoebisaken: masalebi interaqtiuri swavlebisaTvis, sa-
dac ganxilulis samodelo gakveTilebi, maT Soris istoriis _ http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gsdl/cgi-bin/
library.exe?e=d-00000-00---off-0civil2--00-1----0-10-0---0---0prompt-10---4-------0-1l--10-ka-50---20-about---00-3-
1-00-0-0-01-1-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&c=civil2&cl=CL1.1&d=HASH0156303ec37c94ff4dbe4983.7.pr
2. http://www.learner.org/resources/discipline-social-science.html
am gverdze istoriis swavlebis Tanamedrove meTodebiT dainteresebuli maswavlebeli saintereso
resursebs, gansxvavebul midgomebs, multimedia-masalebsa da sadiskusio Temebs ixilavs.
3. http://www.coe.int/t/DG4/EDUCATION/HISTORYTEACHING/Projects/SharedHistories/SharedHistories_en.asp
evropis sabWos proeqti, istoriis gaziareba _ evropa sazRvrebis gareSe, mimdinareobda 2010 wli-
dan 2014 wlis aprilamde. proeqtis saboloo Sedegia eleqtronuli resursi, romliTac dainteres-
debian istorikosebi, pedagogebi, eqspertebi, trenerebi, mecnierebi, ganaTlebis specialistebi.
eleqtronuli resursis naxva da gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia evrokavSiris istoriis swavlebis veb-
gverdze.

am proeqts statia eZRvneba maswavleblis saxlis veb-gverdzec _ http://mastsavlebeli.ge/?p=4003

4. statia: neoliTi _ cvlilebebi neoliTSi; http://mastsavlebeli.ge/?p=3967
5. CaTal-huiuki _ statia vikipediaSi _ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87atalh%C3%B6y%C3%BCk
6. CaTal-huiukis arqeologiuri eqspediciis veb-gverdi _ http://www.catalhoyuk.com/research/illustration
7. neoliTi, socialur organizaciis formebi neoliTSi _ http://mastsavlebeli.ge/?p=3973
8. saxelmwifos Seqmnis Teoriebi http://mastsavlebeli.ge/?p=3775; https://www.civiceducation.ge/ka/8.
lessons/2-18

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