Vor | pitee fublpliens- “ The Volllage, mubhbhen axe usel fo skp Up the culpa rollije flved to Loo hue on max times He pesk vollige 6} the , pee fear vaaious volleqe mubhblien crus ont- Nellege olen Cs Vothige daihlln cli) \oMlpe queduph Ch Neltege Double (9) Help Lowe. vole adden) ¢b) Fall waye Double @ &f an ed tim SEY . ; “ | R batt a — y, —! : 4 He cycle'- ay ee rn Z WE we 14 Vn 2 PO Nin 2 Vin- Ve, =0 Vin- cae aan os i 2Vm2Y. | Ne, = Ym : 1 Ne yet > +e cube. 2, F-B So Wefind ouf ' Vin X= Vm a- Ve yk P, FB, but He polaoty ef C, remsind Aama rel No, = Ven ; 5 Total lp with be Vm - ;— OO aq. Same toonbirg for ful voave Dobie - Vollege Tripber ane Qvad supfeor i - k= Vale Taper = Vo= 3Vm -<-—_ Vo eS 4vm ee | (fasdaupler elp vm He = oe He ole i) is 5 Dy Pe : CP “en | Vin-Ye, = 0 ™ ed ¢ Xe, = Van Nea ene Ve, = 2Nen tort +Ve Vn WG a 44 )=—+t} |= ee a VA- Nh -% 3t 2% @ 7 Vm y, th F ay : 2m 2 v type (ri Vo o = a 2Vn= 3Vm Ven ~ mn ac + ait Oy Win= Ve No = 24 2Vn> 4mSheciol fu : i) eee @_Lep Clas f Enltbrg dlisde ) 2 f > Ah ide wh ents ip ah dod biased 14 oiled a pnbol_cre censhucton of LEDE bo a q ay Ca) conahuuchon Shuchoe oe Ch) cop pe Shout (6) Spb eerkg Principle ef LED E >. Fy works On the principle Of Bectnofamtnesence . — vaken gq PN jumetion 1A FB, Efeclnond ard Hola exe necombin = Glectnons exist in He conduction bard cable fhe holes Cnise th Ha velince bord | Miter both auill be recombine, Llen addition afl energy ol sabre. ih fmm of Miprt "a Ke special Tries Uded Inthe LED Nrebeidls of LED ;- 1 Gas Tfsarcd (visible) 2 GaP ed un Gasen $e GallsP Ped o7 Yello ApbMation ef LEDi- > Ast kinds + vidual olisphy => an opted oloviieA puck ah optocouplens. > PA on-off inditalin - 5 Some. LEDs rocbede infraresl Lignt which [a invidible + Exi- Remote.hy Seve nad Heutord 4 - aneqe Achankges AL A LEDI- 3H IA rel fh Sit, a Can be packed in on Ye ml = tt is fut operating — device > His Jind 1) bignt = They ane available. in Veowous colo ? They Ane easy fo inteface colt Vortous ofles, electnowe frel's CinewstA- Cidad va rb x of LEDS ~> luminous efficienay ef LEDs 1A foo h2h 1A about US Damon [Watts 42 Fre changctosushes ana effect eo by Lom} selec . Vanact> Diode $- “aracha Dieds : > A Suni cliede also known 249 Vevacten Diode, Varrbhe Gpacibnce Dea Vantep didde. 071 Vartrife Degelange bode, Ca disde tht fase Vantrhle Gpacilincee which Le a unclion a the volliage. th} 15 imbre dred On AS Penmirals- > Tantha | yangclon Addis ae Operated neverse biased, ard 2 refore, no cy swernit flows? Seabed ard conshucton 4} Varachy Diade;- é ‘Taonsifion Capacisin i 1 CTaansi om Capaci&nce.) “gan ok 3 we Jor? o > Te. P-seg%n ard n- acts Like tre plalis Of Gpacita while He depletion 27/0 acts fike dieleclnic[fos se iA a Cobacihance of He Pr function allel “@) doansition Copacibne. 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Hf Wwe VAR hunmed diode , wh is daivirg In nevers bias ita oxpplied Vell e, become muae Dhan brtakdovon Vollaie, then ddd coll Get clomag e- “Tinsel Die~ A Tanned died. on Exqle? lade iAa tyre of Aem‘conducten Heb is Gable. of very fat operation, welll into the mien ii fag. ‘on, rele. possible by the vse. 4 He quarian © mechanical effect called — tinnelidg - '> Bika Righty clabled Aemitorduchay davice artis Used : mainly tor fous Vola e, tigh fasg. Ai ibing applictions . Symbol i- —o. ; tulet ja Lornebig ? nore oo ‘ P-Typ. a i a ( Type = Pes a ce i —*v hele Boogie dra ethect hae osdlitery pn Tunchon- 4 Tunne Lag PhenernanorIn emelthomy — P- + » ew Junchion movement of do. from N to P uproanels dinechion, Buk in Lamnel Lidcle yp when we ophsy ave. vobbye » red will abso InCowese, Dhen movement of om Willl be In Cbronomds — olinackon > Tebs ty » Wwe qt regech ve msdsbnee. 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S3n073_ 7 Oy eSB Kon“ Tale In on both Aides @ Rr1o3 > In lor) V+ -§3:b64amvith 4 fall Corgeson cD Delerrmune Yo, 4, 2, £ Ip, do pose confgveclsi Ay 4p = + i 4 a Ere a —> Both the Mode P, and Pe connected fh poral ard Bere diedes ane on Alea, tre yolllsje E>oFt . o~ Ao- Tx330-0 JF=0 a fone [osama 330 t go 4 Z= To, + ip Adsumiig Modis cre Aimifor charec leash - I, So Ipz Tyeiv Defisunin Vo ard Tp fon She Cust vy sf Ge di2v = >+_D Me tp Vv Oka = We 1-03-03 - Ip KFExXbo7 = © Now Vy kve . (s No - SéExlo2 x [196x107 326 Vo = lod36 & liv: G- Deleomre the ap Suman z athe qe" cinuah . pawn p—PRr4y “ Assure. diodes [ha “AE | - Op “ye zes¥Abnce to be Terw a V,- ot - 6v(WeBxL=0 2y- oF ~6 = 3x DE O T= Bho t= 6 = toma 3xlo?