Types of Claims

Definition
A claim is a statement that is not considered accepted by all. It may be
unverified or controversial to a certain degree. It is usually related to one
side of the issue. It is also called a position. A claim is argumentative and
specific

Explicit and Implicit claims

Explicit denotes being very clear and
complete without vagueness,
implication, or ambiguity. When
something is said to be explicit, there
is no question as to what is being
expressed or conveyed—nothing is
implied or assumed. This came from
the Latin word “to unfold”.
Implicit, on the other hand, denotes that
something is understood although not
clearly or directly expressed or
conveyed—there is implication,
assumption, or question. It often
precedes a preposition, usually in and
less frequently from, with, or within. This
was also from the Latin word “ to
entwine”.

Claims of Fact
A Claim of Fact asserts that something quantifiable
has existed, does exist, or will exist. The center of
controversy in a factual claim is over the
reasonableness of the fact in question. In other
words, a claim of fact debates whether the
statement of the Claim is correct or incorrect, valid
or invalid, true or false. In making such implications,
we reason from something that is known to
something that is unknown. Claims of fact also focus
on cause-to-effect relationships.

Claims of Value
A Claim of Value asserts qualitative judgments along
a good-to-bad continuum relating to persons,
events, and things in one’s environment. If you
construct a position claiming that something is good
or bad or one thing is better than another, you’ve
made a claim of value. Examples of claims of value
are: "The Wizard of Oz is the greatest movie of all
time," "Snowboarding is the greatest way to spend a
vacation," or, "Indian food is the best food of all."

Claims of Policy
A Claim of Policy asserts that something should or
should not be done by someone about something. It
proposes that some specific course of action should,
but not necessarily will, be taken. The key word in a
claim of policy is the conditional verb “should” which
implies that some action ought to be taken, but not
that it must or will be taken. For instance, "The
United States should send a manned expedition to
Mars," or "Students should read the assigned text
material before the instructor lectures on it."