CG Geography

SECTION - 1
GEOGRAPHY OF CHHATTISGARH
01
An Introduction of Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh is known for its distinct Culture and art.This region is vivid for its tribal values, cultural diversity
and forest wealth. Chhattisgarh State was formed under, the "Madhya Pradesh reorganization Act 2000". It is
Separated from its mother state (Madhya Pradesh) after 44 years under Schedule 1 of Indian Constitution (84th
Amendment).सामान्‍य जानकारी
General Knowlege
● Establishment - 1 November, 2000
- 26th State - Chhattisgarh (1 nov. 2000)
27th State - Uttarakhand
28th State - Jharkhand
29th State - Telangana
● During the formation of state 9th Five-Year plan was under implementation.
● Capital - Nawa Raipur
● Area - 1,35,192km2
● Part of India's total area (in%) - 4.11%
● Area Chhattisgarh in Undivided - 30.47%
Madhya Pradesh (in%)
● Ranking on the basis of Area(in India) - 9th (After creation of two new UTs)
1st - Rajsthan
2nd - Madhya Pradesh
● Equivalent to Country (In terms of Area) - Greece
● State's largest District (In terms of Area) - Rajnandgaon
● State's smallest District (In terms of Area) - Durg
● Population of Chhattisgarh - 2,55,45,198 (Census 2010-11)
2 https://competitioncommunity.com
● In terms of India's population (in%) - 2.11%
● Ranking of state (In terms of population) - 16th
● Most populous city in chhattisgarh - Raipur
● State's Urban population (in%) - 23.24%
● State's Rural population (in%) - 76.76%
● State's shape - Sea-Horse or Hippocampus
● High Court - Bodri Parsada, Bilaspur (India's 19th High Court)
● Railway Zone - South East Central Railway zone Bilaspur (SECRZ)
● Shape of Chhattisgarh plains - Feathers of a bird
● Primary Basin of Chhattisgarh - Mahanadi Basint
● Slope of Chhattisgarh - Towards East
● Ranking of Chhattisgarh - India's 2nd biggest revenue generating state
(minirals and Revenue)
● Ranking of Chhattisgarh - India's 3rd (4th as Per CGPSC 2019 Prelims)
(forest area) largest forest cover
State Special Facts

● State Formation Day - 1st November
● Objective of chhattisgarh - Truth and Transparency
● Slogan of Chhattisgarh - Gadbo Nava chhattisgarh
● Tree of Chhattisgarh - Shorea-robusta (Sual)
● State's animal - Bubalus-bubalis (Wild buffalio)
● State's Dance - Karma
● State's Song - "Arpa Pairi Ke Dhar"
(Composed by Narendra Verma)
● State's Bird - Hill Mayna (Gracula-religiosa-peninsularis)
● State's game - Hockey (Undeclared)
● State's crop - Paddy
● State's official website - www.chhattisgarh.nic.in
● State’s Language - Chhattisgarhi
Culture Special
● State's ancient name - Dakshin Kosal
● Major Species - Protoastroloid (As per Dr. B.S. Guha)
● State's largest tribal group - Gond
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● Special Backward Tribal groups - 07 (Abujmadia, Baiga, Birhor, Kamar, Pahadi Korva,
Pando, Bhujai)
● King of Chhattisgarhi folk songs - Dadariya (Love, Amour, Adourment, Song)
● State's 1 folk festival
st
- Hareli
● Symbol of culture of Chhattisgarh - Rahas
Geographical Sites
● Kashi /Varanasi of Chhattisgarh - Kharaud
● Mauritius of Chhattisgarh - Buka (Korba)
● Prayag of Chhattisgarh - Rajim (at the confiuence of Mahanadi, Pairi and Sondhur
rivers)
● Khajuraho of Chhattisgarh - Bhoramdev
● Shimla of Chhattisgarh - Mainpat
● Entrance of Abujhmad - Orchha
● Entrance of Bastar - Telin Ghati (Keshkal)
● Chittor of Chhattisgarh - Lafagarh
● Kashmir of Chhattisgarh - Chaiturgarh
● Naglok of Chhattisgarh - Tapkara (Snake Research Center-Jashpur)
● State's anthropological Museum - Jagdalpur
● City of Crossroads - Jagdalpur
● Switzerland of Chhattisgarh - Sannahills (Jashpur)
● Cherrapunji of Chhattisgarh - Abujhmad
● Most ancient Temple of Chhattisgarh - Devrani-Jethani temple (Talagaon, Biaspur)
● City of Tanks & Lanes - Ratanpur
● City of Temples - Arang
● Lifeline of Chhattisgarh - Mahanadi (858 km, 286 km in Chhattisgarh)
● Flower valley of Chhattisgarh - Loroghat (Jashpur)
● Cultural capital of Chhattisgarh - Rajnandgaon
● Knowledge capital of Chhattisgarh - Bhilai
● Sports capital of Chhattisgarh - Rajnandgaon
● "Rice bowl” of India - Chhattisgarh
State's Salient features

● State's Biggest Revenue Division - Bastar (7 District)
● State's smallest Revenue Division - Durg (5 District)
● State Largest Tehsil - Poundi Uproda (Korba)
(township/Sub-district)
● State's Largest Subdivision of Tehsil Block - Bilha (Bilaspur)
● District with maximum no. of Tehsil - Janjgir-Champa (11 Tehsils)
● District with least no. of Tehsils - Narayanpur(2 tehsil)
● Longest river of the state - Shivnath River (290 km)
● Longest National Highway in the state - NH 30
● Smallest National Highway in the state - NH163(A)
● Highest waterfall of the state - Tirathgarh (Mungabhar River)
● Broadest waterfall of the state - Chitrakot waterfall (Indravati River)
● Highest peak - Gaurlata (1225 mts, Tehsil Samri, District-
Balrampur)
● National Parks with in state - 03
● Largest National Park of the state - Gurughasidas National Park (1981, Koriya)
● Smallest National Park of the state - Kanger valley (1982, Bastar) (Asia’s 1st Biosphere
Reserve)
● 1st National Park of state - Indravati (1978, Bijapur)
● Number of sanctuaries with in the state - 11
● Oldest Sanctuary of the state - Sitanadi (1974, Dhamtari)
● Newest Sanctuary of the state - Bhoramdev (2001, Kabirdham)
● Largest Sanctuary of the state - Tamorpingla (608 km2)
● Smallest Sanctuary of the state - Badalkhol (105 km2)
● Climate conditions at the state - Tropical Monsoon
● Highest Rainfall received at - Abujhmad, Naryanpur (187 cm., Jashpur pat sites
Chhattisgarh cherrapunji)
● Least Rainfall of the state - Kabirdham (125 cm., Chhattisgarh’s Rain Shadow Area)
● Coldest place of the state - Mainpat (Tehsil : Ambikapur)
● Hottest place of the state - Champa (Jangir champa)
● State most abundently found stone group - Archean rock-group (50-55%)
● Largest Soil Type found from state - Red-Yellow Soil (Very fertile for Rice)
● Largest forest Type found from state - Sal-tree forest
● Highest pat (local name for plateau) - Jashpur -Samri pat Region
Region
● Only seismic zone of the state - Jaljali (Sarguja)
Popular Personalities
● Visionary of "Chhattisgarh state" - Pt. Sundarlal Sharma
● Gandhi of Chhattisgarh and father of - Pt. Sundarlal Sharma
Untouchability
● Panini of Chhattisgarh - Hiralal Kavyopadhyay
● Mangal Pandey of Chhattisgarh - Hanuman Singh
● Tiger boy of Chhattisgarh - Chendru Mandavi (Narayanpur)
● Bhagat Singh of Chhattisgarh - Parasram Soni
● Tatyatope of Chhattisgarh - Gundadhur
● Mountain Man of Chhattisgarh - Rahul Gupta
● Chhattisgarh's 1st Martyr in the Revolt - Veer Narayan Singh (Zamindar of Sonakhan)
of 1857
● Last Martyr in the revolt of 1857 - Surendra Sai (Zamindar of Sambalpur)
● Valmiki of Chhattisgarh - Gopal Mishra
● Father of peasent movement - Khoobchand Baghel
● Father of journalism in Chhattisgarh - Madhavrao Sapre
● Founder of Kabir Cult in Chhattisgarh - Dhanidharmadas
● Founder of Satnami Cult in Chhattisgarh - Guru Ghasidas
● Father of social renaissance in Chhattisgarh - Gurughasidas
● 1st preacher from Kabircult in Chhattisgarh - Chudamani Saheb
● Father of Cooperatives in Chhattisgarh - Thakur Pyarelal Singh
● Founder of labour/workers movement - Thakur Pyarelal Singh
Political History of Chhattisgarh :

● Dr. E Raghvendra Rao : 1st Governor of undivided M.P.
● Pandit Ravishankar Shukla : 1st C.M. of undivided M.P and Thakur Pyare Lal Singh : 1st leader of
opposition in undivided M.P.
● Pandit Ravishankar Shukla : 1st CM of New M.P and V.Y. Tamaskar : 1st opposition leader of New M.P.
● Nareshchandra Singh : He was king of Sarangarh province, Served as CM of undivided M.P. for shortest
duration (13 days).
● Shri Motilal Vora was elected as CM of Undivided M.P for Maximum of times. (3 times).
Chhattisgarh's first :
● Assembly Election : November 2003
● Eatablishment of first cabinet : 12 December 2000
● Dissolution of Assembly : 02 December 2003
● First MLA to Resign from state Assembly : Ramdayal Uiekay (Marwahi)
● Assembly By-Election : Marwahi (In this election Ajit Jogi got elected)
Special Facts of Chhattisgarh
In India In Asin/In world
● Bailadila (Dantewada) : Biggest mine of iron ore.
● Bhilai Steel Plant is Largest steel plant of Asia.
● 2nd longest National Highway of India NH-53 is
passes via Chhattisgarh. ● JSPL Raigarh is Asia's Largest sponge iron plant.
Kanger valley (1982) is Asia's first Biosphere
● One & only Biodiesel consumer state of India. reserve.
● India's third Largest forest cover state. ● Sitabengra caves is one of the world’s oldest cave.
● India's second highest rural population and Hindu ● Asia 1st Art and Music University is Arts and Music
population possessing state. University, Khairagarh.
● Sex Ratio - 5th in India (991: 1000) which is greater ● Bastar's Dussehra is worlds longest celebrated
than the National average. festival. (75 days)
● Niagara of India - Chitrakut waterfall. ● Asia's 1st and Biggest ITI institute is established in
● One and only Tin and Alexandrite producing state Koni, Bilaspur (1904).
of India. ● Chhattisgarh High Court Bilaspur is Asia Biggest
● Tropic of Cancer passes via three districts of high court.
Chhattisgarh. ● Catholic church - Kunkuri, Jashpur is Asia's 2nd
● India's 1st Tribal Research center is established at Largest Chatholic Church.
Nawa Raipur.
● India's largest "Agricultural museum is established
at Raipur.
● IIM Raipur is India's 10th IIM of India.
● Chhattisgarh is 1st state to have an act for providing
food security.
● Middle India's 1st Gemology (Gems Testing and
Cutting-Polishing) Center of Central India is
established in Chhattisgarh.
● Chhattisgarh is 1st state of India which presented
Budget for youth.
Important Dates
● 4 January 2016 - Anganwadi Gunvatta Abhiyan
● 12-16 January (each year) - Yuva Mahotsava (Swami Vivekananda Jayanti Week)
● 14 February - Matru-Pitru Pujan Diwas
● 1 April 2003 - Bilaspur declared as Railway zone
(1900-Chhattisgarh Railway Board established)
● 21 April - Civil Services Day (1st celebrated at Rajiv Smriti
van (Energy Park) of Chhattisgarh)
● 30 April 2001 - Establishment of state forest development corporation
● 1-7 July - Digital India Week (POSHAN SAPTAH)
● 4 July 2001 - Got status of Herbal State
● 28 July 2004 - Establishment of state medicinal plant board
● 1-7 September - National Nutrition week
● 4 September 2001 - Approval for State emblem
● 4 October 2010 - Formation of Industrial Development Corporation
(1st Head-Badridhar Dewan)
● 1 November 2000 - Sate foundation day
● 15 November 2000 - Establishment of State Electricity Board
19/12/2003 : Establishment
● 28 November - Chhattisgarhi Language Day
● 18 December - Madyapaan Nishedh Diwas (Guru Ghasidas Jayanti)
Note - 'Employment Day' is celebrated on 7th of every month as per the mandate of MNREGA.
Names of Government Buildings

● Assembly Building - Minimata
● Assembly Speaker House - Samvedna
● Ministry (Old) - Dau Kalyan Singh Bhawan
● Chief Minister's House - Karuna
● MLA Rest House - Sangwari
● District Panchayat Raipur - Mitan
● VIP Guest House - Pahuna
● Ministry (New) Secretarial - Mahanadi
● Entry Gate of Ministry - Nandiraj
● Directorate - Indravati
● Entry Gate of Infrastructure - Renuka
Development Corporation
● Mining department - Sonakhan
● Preservation and Promotion of Art, - Purkhauti Muktangan
Culture & Archeology of Chhattisgarh
● Forest Department - Aranya Bhavan
● Chief Engineer of Water Resources - Sihava
● Chief Engineer of PHE - Ramgiri
● State Government plane - Mayuradhwaj
● 1st Helicopter of state Government - Maina (2008 Accident)
● Present Helicopter of state Government - Augusta
Important Helpline Numbers

Number Related Details
100 Police Police Help Service
102 Mahtari Express Free transportation facility to & from hospital for delivery
104 Free Health Counseling Medical Counseling Services
108 Sanjivnee Express Free transportation facility to & from Hospital for emergency cases
181 Sakhi-One Stop Center women Helpline
1091 Women's Helpline Center Services for the protection of women & girls
1098 Child helpline Services provided for Children Safety
1099 Muktanjali Express Transportation facility provided in Hospital for a dead body
1551 Kisan Call Center Free Agricultural Related facility provided to farmers
Administrative Unit-Heading
Administrative Unit During the formation of Chhattisgarh Present
Division 03 05
District 16 28
Tehsil 96 156
Development Block 146 146
Tribal Development Block 85
Villages 20126
Local administration
Local Administration of Chhattisgarh
Local Bodies Urban Bodies
District Panchayat - 28 Municipal Corp. - 14
Block Panchayat - 146 Municipality - 43
Gram Panchayat - 10971 Municipal Panchayat - 109
Legislature-unitary
● Number of Lok Sabha members - 11
● Number of Rajya Sabha members - 05
● Number of Assembly Members - 90+1
● 1st cabinet constituted in Chhattisgarh - 12 November 2000
● 1st expansion of cabinet in Chhattisgarh - 23 December 2000
Number of seats in Chhattisgarh legislative Assembly
Category Before delimitation After delimitation
General 46 51
Scheduled Caste 10 10
Scheduled Tribe 34 29
Anglo Indian 01 01
Total 91 91
First in state
● Governor - Shri Dinesh Nandan Sahay
● Assembly Speaker - Shri Rajendra Prasad Shukla
● Chief Minister - Mr. Ajit Pramod Jogi
● Home Minister - Nand Kumar Patel
● Leader of opposition who took oath at Assembly - Mr. Nandkumar Sai
● MLA, who took oath in Sanskrit language - Shri Nandkumar Sai
● Chief Justice of High Court - W.A. Shishak
● Acting Chief Justice of High Court - Shri R.S. Garg
● Chairman of Public Service Commission - Shri Mohan Shukla
● Director General of Police - Mr. Mohan Shukla
● State Election Officer - Mr. Ajay Kumar Singh
● State Chief Secretary - Mr. Arun Kumar
● Chief Information Commissioner - A.K. Vijayvargiya
● Chief Forest Guard - Mr. Rameshchandra Sharma
● First Lokayukta - Justice Krishna Murari Agarwal
● First Chairman of Farmers Commission - Shri Ghanaram Sahu
● Chairman of Youth Commission - Mr. Arun Vora
● Chairman of ST, SC Commission - Mr. Rajendra Pambhoi
● President of Women's Commission - Hemwant Porte
● First Chairman of Human Rights Commission - Justice K.M. Agarwal
● Chairman of Chhattisgarh State Electricity - Suyog Mishra
Regulatory Commission
● First Commercial Helicopter Pilot of Chhattisgarh - Captain R. Anand
● Father of Co-operation in the State - Thakur Pyarelal
● State’s first newspaper - Chhattisgarh Mitra (1900)
● Father of Journalism in the State - Shri Madhavrao Sapre
● First daily newspaper of the state - Mahakaushal (1951)
● First martyr of state - Veer Narayan Singh
● State's first film producer - Manu Nayak
● First film produced in the state - 'Kahi Dabe Sandesh'
● First Bollywood film produced in the state - 'Life mai twist hai'
● The oldest temple in Chhattisgarh - Deorani-Jethani Temple (Talgaon, Bilaspur)
● First Cement Plant of the state - Jamul (Durg, 1965)
● Longest serving MP (nine times) from Chhattisgarh - Vidyacharan Shukla
● The longest-serving politicians in the - Vidyacharan Shukla
Central Government
● First woman minister appointed in the state - Mrs. Padmavati Devi
● First woman MP from Chhattisgarh - Minimata
● 1st Chief Minister from Chhattisgarh - Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla
(1956-Madhya Pradesh)
● 1st person to become Governor from the chhattisgarh - E. Raghavendra Rao (M.P.)
● 1st person of Chhattisgarh to become - Mathura Prasad Dubey (M.P.)
Speaker of Assembly of the state
● 1st person of Chhattisgarh to become Leader of - V.Y. Tamaskar (1956)
opposition legislative Assembly M.P.
● First All India Radio Station - Raipur (1963)
● First University of the State University (1956) - Indira Arts and Music
● First College of Chhattisgarh (Raipur-1938) - Chhattisgarh College
● First Principal of Chhattisgarh College - Acharya J.Yoganandam
● First Sanskrit College of Chhattisgarh - Raipur
● The first use of the word Chhattisgarh in literature - Dalram Rao
● First mention of Chhattisgarhi language - Gopal Mishra
● The first use of the word Chhattisgarh in - J. T. Blunt (1795 AD)
the administration
● First historian of Chhattisgarh - Babu Revaram
● First and only female ruler of Chhattisgarh - Prafulla Kumari Devi
● First pioneer of national renaissance of Chhattisgarh - Pt. Sunderlal Sharma
● First visit of Mahatma Gandhi to Chhattisgarh - 20 December 1920
● 1st individual Satyagrahi movement - Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla
in Chhattisgarh
● First District with Industry - BNC (Bengal Nagpur Cotton Mill)
in Chhattisgarh Rajnandgaon
● First Jute Mill of Chhattisgarh - Raigarh (Mohan Jute Mill)
● First Veterinary Hospital and College of Chhattisgarh - Gokulam-Durg (Anjora)
● First National Law University of Chhattisgarh - Hidayatullah University (Raipur)
● First Vice Chancellor of firstUniversity i.e. - Dr. Laxman Chaturvedi
Gurughasidas University
● First Management Poetry book - Danleela
● 1st Chairman of Scheduled Castes Commission - C.D. Khandekar
of Chhattisgarh
● 1st Chariman of CSIDC - Rajinder Bhatia
● 1st Chairman of Child Protection Commission - Yashwant Jain
● 1st Chairman of Revenue Board of Chhattisgarh - B.K.S. Ray
● 1st Chairman of Electricity Board of Chhattisgarh - Sunil Kumar Mishra
● 1st Chairman of Finance Commission of Chhattisgarh - Ramchandra Singhdev
● 1st Chairman of Cow Service Commission - Pawan Diwan
● Vice Chairman of Bastar Development - Vikram Usandi
Authority Commission
● Vice Chairman of Surguja Development - Shiv Pratap Singh
Authority Commission
● Chairman of Housing Board of Chhattisgarh - Subhash Rao
● 1st Chairman of state Text Book Corporation - Bhimsen Agarwal
● 1st Chairman of Minority Commission - Iqbal Ahmed Rizvi
● 1st Sanskrit College of Chhattisgarh - Raipur (1955)
● 1st Chairman of Education Commission - Dr. Chandrabhushan Sharma
● 1st sportsperson conferred with Arjuna award and - Saba Anjum
Padamshri Award
● 1st Administrative Reforms Commission - Suyog Kumar Mishra
● 1st Gas based power sub-station - Raipur (132km)
● 1st e-toilet - Dhamtari
● 1st Online Revenue Court - Korba (1 April 2014)
● 1st Plastic road of Chhattisgarh state - Ambikapur
● State to create the country's first Food Security Act - Chhattisgarh
● 1st Nirbhaya Center - Dantewada (5 May 2015)
● 1st Balmitra Village - Bajrangpur (Raipur)
● 1st Balmitra Gram Panchayat - Bajrangpur (Raipur)
● 1st Balmitra Janpad Panchayat of the state - Takhatpur (Bilaspur)
● 1st Farmer Mall - Rajnandgaon
● 1st womenReserved Garden - Guru Teg Bahadur Garden Raipur
● 1st female mountaineer - Naina Dhakad (Jagdalpur)
● 1st Sugar factory - Ramhepur (Kabirdham)
● 1st Industrial Training Center (ITI) - Koni, Bilaspur (1904)
● 1st Regional party - Prithak Chhattisgarh Party Pawan Diwan
● 1st Woman Agricultural Scientist - Dr. Jaya Laxmi Ganguly
● 1st Demarcation for map - 1905 AD
● MLA who put the demand of Chhattisgarh as a - Thakur. Ramkrishan Singh (Raipur)
separate state from Madhya Pradesh
● 1st Police Officer Martyred in Naxalite attack - Martyr Vinod Chaubey
● 1st Hydro Power Station - Hasdeo River
● 1st DD Bank - Rajnandgaon
● Launch of Aadhar scheme - Gariyaband
● 1st Rail line - 1888 AD (Nagpur to Rajnandgaon)
● 1st Shabari Emporium - New Delhi
● 1st district to provide online mid-day meal - Dhamtari
● 1st Female writer of Chhattisgarhi Language - Nirupama Sharma
● 1st Trans- gender Mayor - Madhu Kinnar (Raigarh)
● 1st Rural call center - Kanker
● 1st Madhavrao Sapre rashtriya rachnatmak - Padmashri Rambahadur Rai
award 2014
● 1st recipient of Chakradhar Award - Kishori Amonkar
● 1st Recipient of Yati Yatanlal Award - Ramesh Yagnik, Hari Prasad Joshi
● 1st recipient of Gundadhur Award - Ashish Arora
● 1st recipient of Dau Dular Singh Mandraji Award - Jhaduram Dewangan
● 1st recipient of Dr. Khubchand Baghel - Shrikant Govardhan
● 1st recipient of Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla Award - Keyur Bhushan
● 1st recipient Pt. Sundarlal Sharma Award - Vinod Kumar Shukla
● 1st recipient of Gurughasidas Award - Dr. Ratanlal Jangde, Rajmahant Jagtu
● 1st recipient of martyr Vir Narayan Singh Award - Ramakrishna Mission Ashram
(Naryanpur)
● 1 female to be awarded with Padmashri (1987)
st
- Shri Teejanbai
and Padamvibhushan (2003)
● 1st Personality to be awarded with Padmashri - Mukutadhar Pandey (1976)
● 1st Person awarded with 'Padmabhushan' - Habib Tanveer (2002)
● 3rd person to be awarded with Padmabhushan - Satyadev Dubey (2011)
● 1st recipient of cow Gau-Raksha award - Gajru Ram Sahu (2002)
● 1st recipient of Thakur Pyarelal Singh Award - Preetpal Belchandan,
Brijbhushan Dewangan
● 1st recipient of Chandulal Award - Arti Dhar
● 1st recipient Minimata award - Mrs. Binnibai (Raipur)
● 1st recipient of Sanskrit Literature Award - Dr. Pooja Dixit
● 1st recipient of Dhanwantari Award - Dr. Mhadev Prasad Pandey
● 1st recipient of Immigrant (apravasi) Award - Mr. Chandrakant Patel
of Chhattisgarh
● 1st recipient of Kirti Chakra - Martyr Vinod Chaubey
● 1st Doordarshan Broadcasting Center - Raipur (1972)
● Launch of FM Radio - 1 January 2003
● Launch of BSNL Mobile Service - 2002
● Declaration of state Award - 10 December 2000 (named after
Veer Narayan Singh)
● 1st Mega power project - Sipat (Bilaspur)
New Capital : (Present Name - Atal Nagar Nava Raipur)
● New capital "Nava Raipur" is developing near Raipur in Kutherabhata - Rakhi village. It is spread in 8013
Hectare of land.
● At NavaRaipur Ministries & Secretariat Building are named as Mahanadi Bhavan. While the Directorate
building are named as Indravati Bhavan. On 27th January 2014, (Rajdhani Sarovar) was inaugrated in
75 acres of Land in Nava Raipur.
● Jungle Safari : This is Asia’s biggest man-made wild safari which spreads over 202 Hectares of Land in
which 03 tigers, 08 lions and almost 478 others animals are being conserved.
● Botanical Garden : Near Khandwa village of new Raipur, Asia's Largest Botanical Garden is being
established over 153 Hectare of land. Here almost all kind of vegetations are found from Chhattisgarh
are being cultivated Scientifically. A Butterfly Garden will also be established. This project is under forest
Research Center.
● In Nava Raipur, Chhattisgarh Construction Academy will be established. Business Center will going to
be established over 100 acres of land( Tuta village) in memory of late Pandit Shyamprasad Mukharjee
on the lines of Pragati Maidan in New Delhi. Water convenience will be arranged from Mahanadi anicut
to Nava Raipur.
● Eco-friendly city : There is more than 26% Provision of Green area at Nava Raipur.
● Knowledge Hub : Knowledge Park and Amusement Park will be built in 1,000 acres of land. Here
Hidayatullah National Law college, IIT, IIM Campuses is established. A 22km express way has been
constructed to connect New Raipur city to Raipur city.
● With the help of World bank, In order to provide better Public transportation facility an Urban
Transportation system in which work on Bus Rapid transit system (BRTS) has been started. For the
better re-establishment of Rakhi village Nava Raipur Development Authority (NRDA) is awarded
with National Award ,Raipur will be first city in the country to be systematically established without
displacing the villages.
● Chhattisgarh Government has also declared establishment of Modern film city in Sector-39 near
Pachera village of Nava Raipur.
02
State Symbol
State A Emblem picture

● Acceptance by the State government: 4 September 2001
S.No. Part Color Description
01 Circular Circumference of Embelem Continuous development of state
● Prosperity of state
02 36 forts on the outer circle (36 Garh) Green ● Forest Wealth
● Natural Beauty
03 Paddy Golden Agricultural state
04 Electrical Signal (Thunder) Black Efficiency & potential in energy sector
Orange
Rich Water Resources
05 Three wavy lines White
Color of flag represents Unity
Green
National Emblem : Sarnath Pillar & Red
06 Truthfulness towards nation
"Satyamevjayte" Black
Motto of State
After the assembly election the state slogan has been changed to “GADBO NAVA CHHATTISGARH”. But
no written order has been issued. Earlier the state slogan was “Credible Chhattisgarh” which was given by Mr.
Nitin Gadhkari.
State Language: Chhattisgarhi

● Adopted on 28 November 2007, and on this day of every year "State language day" is celebrated.
State Animal and Bird

● Adopted by state government: 4 July 2001
State Animal
● Wild Buffalo (Scientific Name) : Bubalus-bubalis (Male - Ama, Female - Arni)
Description :
● In Chhattisgarh wild buffalo is found in forest areas of Bilaspur, Raipur and Bastar. In Addition to this
they are found in Nepal, Plains of Brahmaputra (Assam), and in Excessive numbers at Odisha.
● Banabhatta, the Court poet of Harsha (the glorious ruler of Pushyabhuti dynasty), mentions the
abundance of wild buffalos in his book ‘Kadambari’. He mentions wild buffalo as a carrier of Yamraj, he
called it "the symbol of real death.
● Habitat : Their habitats are in grassy marshy land and water logged areas where after feeding they can
roll in mud and can remain sub-merged in water. They are vegetarian and their main food is grass.
Note : They enter fields near forest, Unlike bison
● The breed of Wild buffalo found in Chhattisgarh is Purest but breeding with domesticated buffalos have
created threat to their adulteration.
● They have peaceful nature but they can attack suddenly if provoked. A powerful buffalo has power to
drive away a lion as well.
● Due to increasing biological survival pressure, hunting, "Rinderpest" (a disease spread through Lions
and buffalo) their population is decreasing. Presently wild buffalos are being, conserved at Udayanti
Sanctuary (Gariyaband), Pamed Sanctuary (Bijapur) and Indrāvati National Park. Efforts are being
under way for conserving them.
Rinderpest : It is a bacterial contagious disease related with wild buffalos and few other animals in which
symptoms such as fever, drooping saliva and diarrhea are common due to lack of water in their body
they get feeble or they could die within 8 to 9 days.
State bird :
● Hill Myna (Scientific Name) - Gracula Religiosa Peninsularis
Description :
● Hill Maina can be seenat Narayanpur, Bijapur, Dantewada, Jagdalpur, Kanger valley, Gupteshwar,
Kondagaon etc.
● Maina, who is soft and beautiful looking, specializes in making sounds and imitating it exactly like a
human. Due to its quality, man started raising it. As a result, where it was taken out of its natural habitat
and sold in large quantities, and they have't got any opportunity to breed.
● Presently, the existence of hill myna is at danger and it is at verge natwally a state of extinction. This bird
is being preserved at 'Kanger Valley National Park'.
State Tree
● Sal Scientific Name: Shorea Robusta.
Description :
● Sal tree is found in almost every part of state but it is abundant in Baster division. Hence Bastar is called
as island of sal tree'. They are prone to a disease called 'Sal borer'.
● Sal Borer : Sal borer Insects starts laying eggs in trees and starts to expand from one place to another in
rainy days. And hence trees starts to decay and die.
03
Geographical Area and boundary
of Chhattisgarh
Geographical Conditions
● Latitudinal Extent : 17°46' 'North latitude to 24°5' North latitude.

● LongitudinalExtent : 80°15 'East longitude to 84°24' East longitude.
● Chhattisgarh's maximum length north to south is 700 km. And the maximum length from east to west is
435 km.
● Tropic of cancer passes through Northern parts covering the three district of Chhattisgarh, namely
Koriya, Surajpur and Balrampur.
● Eastern most District of Chhattisgarh : Jashpur (Tehsil-Jashpur)
● Western most District of Chhattisgarh : Bijapur (Tehsil-Bhopalpatnam)
● Northern most District of Chhattisgarh : Balrampur (Tehsil-Ramanujganj)
● Southern most District of Chhattisgarh : Sukma (Tehsil-Konta)
● Chhattisgarh is situated at the middle of India and it is part of peninsular plateau.
● Chhattisgarh is completely a land locked state, its boundries doesn’t touch the boundries of any other country
or Sea (The beach).
● According to 2011 Census: Area of Chhattisgarh is 4.11% of the total area of India and the population of
Chhattisgarh is 2.11% of India’s total population. Area of India is 2.11% of total world's total areas.
● Chhattisgarh has share of 30.47% (area wise) of undivided Madhya Pradesh, that means, detachment of
30.47% part of M.P.took place on 1 November 2000.
% of Chhattisgarh in
Chhattisgarh India Rank in India
comparision to India
Area 1,35,192 km2 32,87,000 km2 10th 4.11
Population 2,55,45,198 1,21,08,54,977 16th 2.11
S. According to Economic
Subject According to Chips Data
No. Survey of 2015-16
1 Tropic of Cancer and IST intersects at Koriya (Tehsil-Sonhat) Surajpur
Koriya, Surajpur, Korba Balrampur, Surajpur,
Indian Standard Time (IST) (Longitude) Janjgir-Champa, Balodabazar, Surguja, Korba, Janjgir-
2
passes from 7 District of Chhattisgarh Mahasamund, Gariaband -Champa, Balodabazar,
Mahasamund
Noumber
S.No. Direction State District of
District
1 North Uttar Pradesh Balrampur 01
2 North East Jharkhand Balrampur, Jashpur 02
Jashpur, Raigarh, Mahasamund, Gariaband,
3 East Odisha 08
Dhamtari, Kondagaon, Bastar, Sukma
4 South Andra Pradesh Sukma 01
5 South West Telangana Sukma, Bijapur 02
6 West Maharashtra Bijapur, Narayanpur, Kanker, Rajnandgaon 04
Rajnandgaon, Kawardha, Mungeli, Koriya,
7 North West Madhya Pradesh Gaurella-Pendra -Marwahi, Surajpur, 07
Balrampur
● Chhattisgarh shares its max. boundary with :
1. Odisha (830 km)
2. Madhya Pradesh (410 km)
● Chhattisgarh State shares its least boundary with:
1. Andhra Pradesh (38 km)
2. Uttar Pradesh (103 km)
● From view point of area the largest state bordering with Chhattisgarh - Madhya Pradesh.
● From view point of area, the smallest state bordering with Chhattisgarh -Jharkhand
● Total Interstate boundary: 2203 km.
Location of neighbouring States As per the location of Chhattisgarh

Uttar Pradesh – South
Jharkhand – South West
Odisha – West
Andhra Pradesh – North
Telangana – North East
Maharashtra – East
Madhya Pradesh – South East
Within Chhattisgarh :
● Districts touching the boundary of three states - 02
○ In North Balrampur - Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand
○ In South Sukma - Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha
● Districts touching the boundary of two states - 03
○ East Jashpur - Jharkhand and Odisha
○ South-west Bijapur - Maharashtra and Telangana
○ Western-Rajnandgaon - Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra
● District that touches maximum inter-state boundries – Balrampur-Ramanujganj
● District that touches minimum interstate boundries – Dhamtari
● Out of 27 districts of Chhattisgarh, 10 districts are land-locked districts and rest of then touches the
boundary of other state.
Border Districts - 18
01 Koriya 10 Bastar
02 Gaurella-pandra-Marwahi 11 Kondagaon
03 Mungeli 12 Dhamtari
04 Kabirdham 13 Gariaband
05 Rajnandgaon 14 Mahasamund
06 Kanker 15 Raigarh
07 Narayanpur 16 Jashpur
08 Bijapur 17 Balrampur
09 Sukma 18 Surajpur
Land locked Districts - 10

i Surguja
x Bilaspur
ii Korba
iii Janjgir-Champa
iv Baloda bazar
v Raipur
vi Bemetara
vii Durg
viii Balod
ix Dantewada
Border District Land- locked District

Largest Rajnandgaon Korba
Smallest Gorella-Pandra-Marwahi * Durg
Interconnected Districts of Chhattisgarh
Order of Districs
S.
Districts Connceted with Districts Connected to other Districts
No.
other Districs
Mungeli, Bilaspur, Janjgir-Champa, Raigarh,
01 Balodabazar 07
Mahasamund, Raipur, Bemetra
Koriya, Surajpur, Surguja, Raigarh, Janjgir-Champa,
02 Korba 07
Bilaspur, Gorella-Pandra-Marwahi
Jashpur, Surguja, Korba, Janjgir-Champa, Balodabazar,
03 Raigarh 06
Mahasamund
Mungeli, Balodabazar, Raipur, Durg, Rajnandgaon,
04 Bemetara 06
Kawardha
Balodabazar, Mahasamund, Gariaband, Dhamtari,
05 Raipur 06
Durg, Bemetara
06 Dhamtari 06 Durg, Raipur, Gariaband, Balod, Kanker, Kondagaon
07 Surguja 05 Surajpur, Balrampur, Jashpur, Raigarh, Korba
Gaurella-Pandra-Marwahi, Korba, Janjgir-Champa,
08 Bilaspur 05
Mungeli, Balodabazar
09 Durg 05 Bemetra, Raipur, Dhamtari, Rajnandgaon, Balod
10 Rajnandgaon 05 Kawardha, Bemetra, Durg, Balod, Kanker
Rajnandgaon, Balod, Dhamtari, Kondagaon,
11 Kanker 05
Narayanpur
12 Bijapur 05 Narayanpur, Kondagaon, Bastar, Dantewada, Sukma
13 Kondagaon 05 Dhamtari, Kanker, Narayanpur, Bijapur, Bastar
14 Surajpur 05 Koriya, Korba, Surguja, Balrampur
15 Janjgir-Champa 04 Bilaspur, Korba, Raigarh, Balodabazar
Bilaspur, Balodabazar, Bemetra, Kawardha, Gaurella-
16 Mungeli 04
-Pendra-Marwahi
17 Balod 04 Rajnandgaon, Durg, Dhamtari, Kanker
18 Mahasamund 04 Raigarh, Balodabazar, Raipur, Gariaband
19 Bastar 04 Kondagaon, Bijapur, Dantewada, Sukma
20 Koriya 03 Surajpur, Korba, Gorella-Pandra-Marwahi
21 Balrampur 03 Surajpur, Surguja, Jashpur
22 Kawardha 03 Mungeli, Bemetra, Rajnandgaon
23 Jashpur 03 Balrampur, Surguja, Raigarh
24 Gariaband 03 Mahasamund, Dhamtari, Raipur
25 Narayanpur 03 Kanker, Kondagaon, Bijapur
26 Dantewada 03 Bijapur, Bastar, Sukma
27 Sukma 03 Bijapur, Dantewada, Baster
04
Natural Divisions of Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh comes under diverse geographical locations and it is located in middle of India. There are four
Natural Division in Chhattisgarh from North to South :
1. Eastern Baghelkhand pleatues (16.16%)
2. Jashpur pat (4.59%)
3. Mahanadi Basin (50.34%)
4. Dandkaraya pleatues (28.91%)
Plateau of Eastern Baghelkhand (21,863 km2, 16.16%)

From Shahdol and Dindori districts in the west to the plateau of Chota Nagpur in the east and from Son river in the
north to Maikal Range and Mahanadi Basin in the south the uneven hilly area spreads in the area of (42000km2)
is called the Eastern Baghelkhand plateau. The Eastern part of Baghelkhand plateau falls under Chhattisgarh.
Therefore, the northern part of Chhattisgarh is called the plateau of Eastern Baghelkhand.
About 47.32% of Eastern Baghelkhand Plateau is extended to Chhattisgarh so there is uneven land in about
16.16% of Chhattisgarh which can be further subclassified into three categaries.
1. Devgarh Hills - 1033 Meters
2. Sonhat pleatues - 755 Meters
3. Sarguja Basin - 755 Meters
● Extent :
○ From 23°40'N latitude to 24°8' N latitude
○ From 80°5' E longitude to 81°23' E longitude
● Districts included :
○ Koriya,
○ Surajpur,
○ Balrampur (Excluding Samri Pat and Jamir Pat),
○ Sarguja (Excluding Mainpat, Jarangpat)
● Average height : 300-700 m.
● Slope : Towards North
● Physical Structure : On the basis of Physical Structure, Eastern Baghelkhand pleatues can be further sub
divided into :
1. Kanhar Basin
2. Rihand Basin
3. Changbhakhar - Devgarh
4. Sarguja Basin
5. Hasdeo - Rampur Basin
1. Kanhar Basin : Kanhar Basin is formed by the Kanhar river and its tributaries. Kanhar river emerges
from Bakhona peak of Pandrapat situated in Bagicha Tehsil of Jashpur district. Kanhar Basin is
situated at Northern region of Chhattisgarh and extended to the North-East part of Sarguja to Tehsil of
Ramanujganj.
2. Rihand Basin : It is formed by Rihand river and its tributaries. It comes under Northern part of Devgargh
mountains and Western part of Kanhar Basin of Wadrafnagar Tehsil.Rihand flows from chhuri Matiringa
(Sarguja) hills and enters to Sarguja. Then it crosses hills of Sarguja and flows in few parts of Balrampur
and enters the Uttar Pradesh and meets Son River. Rihand basin is also known as Singroli Basin.
3. Changbhakhar and Devgarh hills : It is a part of Vindhyan mountain ranges. It extends is in Koriya,
Surajpur, Northern Sarguja and Southern Balrampur districts. It is one of the highest region in
Chhattisgarh. Highest peak of Devgarh hills is Lilavani - 1033 Meters. Hills of Devsar is located in North
of Changbakhar & Devgarh Hills, it is a water divider between Gopad River and Rihand river. The slope
of the rgion is towards north, And hence the river water of this region such as Gopad, Banas, Rihand and
Kanhar rivers flows towards north and merges into Son river.
○ Sitakund (Sarguja) : In times of Ramayana, this water reservior hass been built for water conservation.
○ Sitalekhni Hills : Surajpur
4. Sarguja Basin : It is surrounded by Northern part of Devgarh hill and southern part of chhuri -
Matiringa mountains. It is the biggest part of eastern Baghelkhand pleatues (CGPSC PRE - 2015). This
Region consist of Ramgarh Hills and pleatues of Sonhat in west. Ramgarh Hills comes under divisions of
satpura mountain ranges. Great poet Kalidas wrote "Meghdoot" in Satpura mountain ranges which was
translated into Chhattisgarhi by popular writer Mukutdhar Pandey.
5. Hasdeo Rampur Basin : It is the southern most part of the natural division. It extends to southern
Manendragarh, eastern Pendra and northern Katghora. There are several waterfalls in this region. Hasdeo
River emerges from Kaimur-Sonhat plateau and cuts rocks of Hasdeo Rampur Basin at Gondwana
rocks of Korba Basin and finally river at siladehi of Janjgir-Champa district. Hasdeo Rampur Basin
is surrounded by pleatues of Pendra-Lormi, Sarguja Basin, Korba Basin and hills of Chhuri-Udaipur.
Sitabengra, Jogimara and Lakshman caves situated on Ramgarh Hills.
1. Sitabengera : It is one of the worlds oldest theaters.
2. Jogimara : In this caves pictorial description of love story of dancer Devdutt and Devadasi Sutnuka
was described, Scripture of Ashoka of Mauryan dynasty is found in Pali language and Brahmi script.
Approximate Height : 300-700 meters
Slope : Towards North
● Drainage System : East Baghelkhand plateau is Sourthern part water dividing range of Ganga and Mahanadi.
Son river with its tributaries (Banas, Gopad, Rihand, Kanhar rivers) merges with Ganga river in Patna, Bihar.
Which means that region comes under drainage system of Ganga. In addition to this Hasdeo river takes
water to southern part of pleatues and merges to Mahanadi.
● Geological Structure : Baghelkhand plateau is formed from Gondwana rock series and Archean rocks of
pre-cambrian era. In northern part of the plateau from east to west Balrampur, Surajpur & Koriya in upper
Gondwana are present. In which sand stone are found. The lower Gondwana rock is found in lower part
attached to strip of this rock group which is expand to Southern Koriya and Southern Surajpur. In both of
these rock Series coal is abundent. In addition to this in few regions of Sarguja Archean rock series is found
in which Granite are found.
● Soil : Almost half of the region of plateau is covered with forest. In this region mainly red-yellow soil is found
which is good for farming of coarse grains.
● Climate : As Tropic of cancer passes through this region, the region is having abundance of forest area. This
region has a dry monsoon climate and approximate rainfall is between 125-150 cm. Tropical forest are found
here.
Jashpur Pat Region (6,208 km2, 4.59%)
It is the highest and smallest natural division of Chhattisgarh, which is situated at North-Eastern part of
Chhattisgarh. Pat is a high topograpical location, which has flat top and steep slope. This is a part of Chhota
Nagpur Plateau. (Basically "Pat" is classification of special type of Plateau in local dilact)
● Area of Chhota Nagpur : 65509 km2
● Extension : Mostly in Jharkand and in few parts areas of Odisha, Bihar and Chhattisgarh.
● Included Districts : Jashpur, (Samaripat, Jamirpat) Balrampur, (Mainpat, Jarangpat) Surguja
● Expansion : 22°18' to 23°40' N Latitude, 83°2' to 84°20' East Longitude
● Approximate Height : 700-1000 meters.
● Slope : Towards east south
● Physical Structure : This pat is surrounded by Chhota Nagpur plateau from east, Baghelkhand plateau from
west & Mahanadi basin from South-West of Chhattisgarh.
1. Samripat (Balrampur)
2. Jamir Pat (Balrampur)
3. Pandra Pat (Jashpur)
4. Jashpur Pat (Jashpur)
5. Jarang Pat (Sarguja)
6. Mainpat (Sarguja)
1. Samri Pat : It is extends in Balrampur district of Kusmi Tehsil. It is situated in the borders of Jharkhand
& Chhattisgarh. Highest peak of Samri Pat is Gaurlata (1225 meter) Which is also the highest peak of
Chhattisgarh. Western part of Samri Pat is known as Lahsoon pat. (CG Vyapam (RI) 2017)
2. Jamir Pat :
It is situated in the east of Samripat, It has abundance of Bauxite and hence also known as plains of
Bauxite.
3. Pandrapat : It is located in Bagicha tehsil of Jashpur district. Kanhar river originates from Khudiya hills
of Pandarapat and the Ib river from highlands of Ranijhulas. Ib flows towards South-East region and
enters Odisha and finally falls into Mahanadi river. Bauxite is found in Khudiya hills.
4. Jashpur Pat : It is the widest and largest pat of this natural division. It extends to almost whole of Jashpur
district. Its average height is about 900 meter but height of peaks are more than 1000 meters. Example:
Bhavar Hill, Tendu pat ect.
5. Jarang Pat : It is extends from Northern Sitapur to Lundra Tehsil of Sarguja district. Its highest altitude
is 1145 meter. The largest bauxite reserve is found in Jarang pat.
6. Mainpat : It is one of the coldest area of Chhattisgarh, it is located in south Ambikapur of Sarguja district
and few parts of Sitapur Tehsil. It is 29 m wide and 1152 high. Mand originates from Mainpat and falls
into Mahanadi at Chandrapur (Janjgir-Champa).
In 1962 Tibetan refugees were settled at Mainpat. The tourist attractions are tiger point, Eco point, and
fish point, jaljali (sesmic area).
● Geological Structure : The Deccan Trap formed by the freezing of basalt containing lava from the volcano
has created this region. There is abundance of bauxite mineral here.
● Soil : In this region laterite soil is found. In which oxide of Iron and Aluminium are found. The fertile layer
of this Soil is destroyed by flow & leaching, so it is unsuitable for agriculural work but it canbe used for
construction work.
● Climate : The entire region is extremety inaccessible and covered with forests. The climate is Tropical
monsoon where approximate temperature during summer is 32°C and temperature during winter it goes to
17°C. Hot humid deciduous forests are found.
● Drainage System : The major rivers of this region are Kanhar (A tributary of Son), Shankh (A tributary of
Brahmi) Ib and Maand (A tributary of Mahanadi). The flow these river are mostly from east to south.
Plains of Chhattisgarh (68,064 km2, 50.34%)

The fertile land of Mahanadi, comes under plains of Chhattisgarh. It is Surounded by Baghelkhand plateau at
north, Maikal Series from west, Dandkaranya plateau at South and some minor ranges from east, the shape
of the area is like a wing of a bird. The plains of Chhattisgarh is also known as "heart of Chhattisgarh”. The
surface structure of this region is flat in the middle and the eastern and western border areas are at elevations
due to which the region looks like a bowl.
● Included Districts :
1. Korba 2. Raigarh 3. Gorella-Pendra-Marwahi ' 4. Bilaspur
5. Mungeli 6. Janjgir-Champa 7. Kawardha 8. Bemetra
9. Balodabazar 10. Raipur 11. Durg 12. Mahasamund
13. Rajnandgaon 14. Balod 15. Dhamtari 16. Gariaband
● Extension :
○ From 19°47' to 23°7' Northerm Latitude
○ From 83°17' to 83°52' Eastern Longitude
● Approximate Height of the Plain is 200 meters and avg. height of bordering highlands is 330 mts.
● Slope : Towards east
● Physical structure : Central plains of Chhattisgarh expands upto 31,600 km2, of area and Marginal sides
of this plain are Surrounded by Highlands, which are expanded in an area of over 36,464 km2 and hence
Chhattisgarh basin is divided into two topograpical Regions.
Mahanadi Basin
S. No. Plains (31,600 km )
2
Highlands (3,60,464 km2)
1. Pandra-Lormi Plateaues Hills of Churi-Udaipur
2. Korba Basin Maikal Series
3. Raigarh Basin Marginal Highlands of Durg
4. Plain of Bilaspur-Raigarh Dhamtari-Mahasamund Highland
5. Plains of Durg-Raipur
Plains
1. Pandra-Lormi plateau : This plateau is expanded to North-Western parts of Lormi (Mungeli), Pendra
(Bilaspur) and Katghora (Korba) Tehsils with Approx height of 800 meters. There are two major peaks
in this pleatue :
i. Palma Peak : Gaurella –pendra- marwahi (1080 meters)
ii. Lafagarh peak : Korba (1048 meters)
2. Korba Basin : It is expanded in the Southern region of Korba district. A major rivers in this region
Hasdeo which is a tributary of Mahanadi and approx hight of the region is 250-300 meters.
3. Raigarh Basin : It extends in the North-Western parts of Raigarh district and to the East of Korba
district. Major river of this region is Kelo and approx height of the region is 300 meters.
4. Plains of Bilaspur and Raigarh : This region is extends in the middle of plains of Mungeli tehsil to
Raigarh tehsil. Hight the region is between 150-300 meters. The height of Dalha hill situated at Akaltara
is 760 meters.
5. Plains of Durg and Raipur : This Region is extends from east of Rajnandagaon, Southern Kabirdham,
Durg, Raipur and upto Northern Dhamtari (Kurud Tehsil). Approx height of this plain is 300 meter.
Highlands
1. Hill of Chhuri-Udaipur : It extends in northern Korba, Southern Sarguja and Dharamjaigarh Tahsil of
Raigarh (at Udaipur). Approx height of this highland is regionis 600-900 meters.
2. Maikal Series : It is situated expands in western Chhattisgarh from Rajnandgaon to Mungeli. Maikal
series are a part of Satpura range. Heighest peak of this region is Badargarh (1176 meters), which is
situated at Kawardha district. Maikal series comes under a rain shadow area that's the reason for lowest
rainfall recorded in Kabirdham district. (CGPSC PRE 2008)
3. Marginal-Highlands of Durg : This region extends to is expanded in Ambagarh (Rajnandgaon), South
Durg and Balod district. Approx height of the region is 500-800 meters. Heights peak of this region is
Dongargarh(Rajnandgaon) is 704 meters and Dallirajhara Balod (700 meters).
4. Highlands of Dhamtari-Mahasmund : It expands from northern Dhamtari to northern Gariyaband
and to Mahasamund District. Avg. Height is 400-900 meters. The heighest peak of this highland are
Shishupal Dharidongri (899 meters) situated at Mahasamund district.
● Geological Structure : This Region is formed due to erosion of Granite stones which also indudes Cuddapah
stone. This region is having abundance of Limestone and Dolomite ores.
● Soil : Here fertile Soil of the region includes Red-Yellow soil and Black soil. Major crops grown are rice, gram,
Soybean etc. It is a major region of natural division in which maximum facility for irrigation is provided
and in addittion to this, place has highest Agricultural Productivity Moreover this region has the highest
population, population density, litteracy and Industrilization.
● Drainage System : The Major rivers of this fertile region are Mahanadi river and its tributary rivers i.e. Eib,
Mand, Kelo, Borai, Hasdeo, Shivnath, Pairi, Sondhur, Jonk and Laat etc. In addition to this Tada and Banjar
river flows from Kabirdham and merges to Narmada river.
● Climate : This region has tropical monsoon climate. Approx. temperature in summer is between40°C-45°C
and 20°C during winters. Average annual rainfall in this region is more than 117.5 cm but Kabirdham is the
minimum Rainfall region.
Note :
○ Sihawa Hills - Dhamtari
○ Kandavani Hills - Kabirdham
○ Chhata Hill - Balodabazar
○ Pragyagiri Hills - Rajnandgaon
Plateaus of Dandkaranya (39,060 km2, 28.91%)

Dandkaraya forest of Chhattisgarh (Area : 39060 km2) is extendeds from Vindhyachal mountains to Godavari
Basin (Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andra Pradesh) Which is surrounded by Bastar from east, Abujhmad hills in west
and plains in South. The region is rich in tribal population, forest and endowed with rich mineral resources.
● Included District : Bastar, Dantewada, Sukma, Narayanpur, Bijapur, Mohla (Rajnandgaon).
● Expansion : From 17°46' to 20°34' North Latitude & from 80°18' East to 82°15' East Longitude
● Slope : From West to South
● Average Height : 600 meters
● Physical Structure : This plateau is situated in the southern part of Chhattisgarh plain. The plateau can
divided into four division :
1. Kotri Basin
2. Abujhmad Area
3. Bastar plateaus
4. Plains of Bijapur
1. Kotri Basin : This Basin is formed by Kotri river a tributary of Indravati river. This area is extended from
Mohalaa (Rajnandgaon) to Pakhanjur, Bhanupratapur (Kanker) the average height is 300-450 meters.
2. Abujhamad Area : It is expanded in South-West region of state, Abujhmad comes under the hills of
Narayanpur and South Kanker. The average height of Abujhmad hills are 600-900 meters. Where as
maximum height of this hills is 1076 meters. Here, forest has abundance of Teak(sagon) Trees and this
region has high records of Rainfall (187.5 cm). And hence this region is also known as "Cherapunji of
Chhattisgarh".
Under the Kanker Districts :
○ Raoghat hills : Famous for iron-ore
○ Aridongri (Bhanupratapur Tehsil) : Iron ore deposite.
○ Gadhiya hills : Gadhiya festival is celebrated in september.
3. Bastar Plateaus (North-East plateau) : This Region extends to the North-eastern part of Bastar, Northern
Sukma and Dantewada. Its average height is 450-750 meters. In this plateau Keshkal valley is situated in
North and Bailadila hills is located in west.
○ Bailadila hills - This hills are formed of Dharwad rocks in which high Quality iron-ore is found.
Iron ore obtained from this region is exported to Japan through Vishakhapattnam harbour. Highest
peak of these hills is Nandiraj (1210 meters).
○ Keshkal Valley (Kondagaon) - This valley is a water dividing range between Indravati drainage
system and Mahanadi drainage system. There are 12 turns in this valley and this is also known as
an entry Gate of Bastar.
4. Plains of Bijapur (Godavari-Shabri plain) : This is Southern part of plateau, which is extends to in
South of Bijapur and sukma.
● Drainage System : The dandkaranya plateau is part Godavari drainage system. The tributary of Godavari is
Indravati which originates from Kalahandi in Odisha and falls into Godavari.
● Geological Structure : Northern part of Dandkaranya is formed from Archean rock series, Granite and
gneiss are found in the rock series. Its extends in Kanker, Kondagaon, Narayanpur, Bijapur and north Bastar.
The plateau of Bastar is formed of granite and gneiss. Dharwad rock series is found in Dantewada and has the
high deposit of iron ore. High pleatues of Keshkal valley is formed from Cudappah and vidhyan rock series.
This rocks are formed due to erosion of Granite.
● Soil : 52.47% of this plateau and hills are covered with forests. In this region Red-sandy soil is found but due
to high amount of sand present in such soil its fertility is low. In regions of south Dantewada and Sukma red
loamy soil is found. And hence, in some parts of this regions farming is done.
● Climate : Climate of Dandkaraya is tropical monsoon. The Average temparature in winter is 19°c and 31°c
in summer seasons.
S. No. District Peak, hills Height (meter)
01 Balrampur Gauralata (highest peak) Samripat 1225 m.
02 Sarguja Mainpat, Jarang Pat 1152 m., 1045 m.
03 Koriya Devgarh, Lormi 1033 m.
04 Bilaspur, Korba, Mungeli Plateaus of Pandra Lormi 800 m.
05 Gaurella-Pendra - Marwahi Palma, Pendra Lormi 1080 m.
06 Korba Lafagarh,( Pendra Lormi plateau) 1048 m.
07 Kabirdham Badargarh, (Maikal Range) 1176 m.
08 Janjgir-Champa (Akaltara) Dalha Hills 760 m.
09 Mahasamund Dharidongar, (Shishupala) 899 m.
10 Rajnandgaon Dongargarh Hills 704 m.
11 Balod Dallirajhra 700 m.
12 Narayanpur Abujhmad Hills 1076 m.
13 Dantewada Bailadila, (Nandiraj) 1210 m.
05
Geological Structure
● Chhattisgarh is divided into three divisions on the basis of Geological Structure :

1. Plateau of Northern Chhattisgarh (Eastern Baghelkhand Plateau and Pat Region)
2. Plains of central Chhattisgarh (Plains of Chhattisgarh)
3. Milly region of Southern Chhattisgarh (Dandakaranya plateau)
● The following rock groups are found in the state on the basis of Geological Structure :
1. Archean Rock Group (50%) :
2. Dharwad Rock Group
3. Cuddapah Rock Group (30%)
4. Vindhyan Rock Group
5. Deccan Trap
6. Gondwana Rock Group (17%)
1. Archean Rock Group (50%) :
● Archean rock series is expanded in 50% part of Chhattisgarh.
● It is one of the ancient, hard, fossil free and found in very deep core.
● The rock system was formed in the Precambrian era, after cooling of lava. That means, these rocks are
oldest sedimentary rocks made by igneous and other deposits.
● Soil formes from the erosion of these rocks are suitable for farming of course crops.
● It consists of Granite, Gneiss, Quartz, , Hornblade, Biotite rocks.
Expansion :
i. Eastern Baghelkhand plateaus : Ambikapur Tehsil.
ii. Jashpur Samri pat : Samri, Jashpur, Bagicha, Kunkuri, Pathalgaon.
iii. Plains of Chhattisgarh : Ghargoda (Raigarh), Pendra Lormi, Pandariya, Kota (North-
Western region)
iv. Eastern Region : Tehsil of Mahasamund, Gariaband, Rajim, Dhamtari, Kurud,
Dondi Lohara, Balod etc.
v. Dandkarnya Plateaues : Kanker, Narayanpur, Bijapur, Sukma, Kondagaon, North western,
Bastar etc. (75% of Land is formed from proto Granite and proto
rocks)
2. Dharwad Rock Group:
○ It is fossil free rocks formed from the erosion of Archean Rocks.
○ It is named after Dharwad district of Karnataka.
○ The maximum minerals are found in this Layered rocks Like. Tin, Quartz, Iron ore and Asbestos are
found.
○ This rocks are expanded in three Series in Chhattisgarh :
i. Chilphi Ghati Series : It is expanded in few parts of Mungeli, Kabirdham and Rajnandgaon. In this
series, Mangnese ore, Sericite, Quartzite, Cyst stone series are found.
ii. Sonakhan Series : This Series is expanded in a shape of finger in Balodabazar and Mahasamund
district of Southern part of Mahanadi. In this series Quartzite, Conglomerate, Slate, Quartz, clay etc
are found.
iii. Iron-Ore Series : This Series is expanded in mountains of Dalhirajra, Raoghat, Bailadila. In which
Iron-ore, quartzite, Hemetite is found.
3. Cuddapah Rock Group (30%) :
● The Cuddapah rocks are formed by the erosion of Darwad rock. This are broken and metamorphic
rocks.
● Its is named after Kadappa district of Andhra Pradesh.
● These are mainly found in the plains of Chhattisgarh. The dolomite and lime stone are mainly found in
the area.
● It consist of two series in state :
i. Raipur Series : It is expanded in areas of Bilaspur, Bemetara, Raipur, Balodabazar and the limestone
obtained here is of cement grade. And hence the cement plants are established in these areas.
ii. Chandrapur Series : The Lower order of Cuddapa series comes under Chandrapur series which
extends in Northern Kanker to Raigarh. It has green chlorite and pink purple rock series.
4. Vindhyan Rock Group :
● It was formed after the formation of Cuddapah rock group. These are flaky rocks formed by water
deposits. In which sands stones are found.
● It is named after vindhyachal mountains.
● This rock series is divided into two :
i. Upper Vindhyan : These rock formations extend to the north of the Narmada River. Therefore, they
are not present in Chhattisgarh.
ii. Lower Vindhyan : This Rocks are found in very few quantity in some river valley and plains of
Chhattisgarh.
5. Deccan Trap :
● The physical form of basalt derived from cooling of volcanic Lava into thick layer is called Deccan trap.
● These volcanic deposits have flat top and steep sides and therefore called ‘trap’ meaning a ‘stair’ or ‘step’
in Swedish.
● These rock series are of Beige Color Black soil is found due to Basalt precipitation in deccan trap.
● These are expanded in Eastern part of Maikal seies (Kawardha, Rajnandgaon and Jashpur-Samripat).
● These areas have abundance of bauxite ore.
6. Gondwana Rock Group (17%) :
● Gondwana is a fossilized rock made from the remains of various types of flora, fauna and climate change
of historical geological era.
● Mainly, Coal is found in these rock series.
● Depending upon the configuration and quality this rock series is divided into following :
i. Upper Gondwana : It is expanded in Eastern Baghelkhand plataue -Janakpur, Mahendrapur,
Pratapur, Baikunthpur, Surajpur etc. In this region high amount of coal is found.
ii. Middle Gondwana : It is not yet fully developed in Chhattisgarh regions, but its few concentration
is found in region of Son river and Mahanadi river. Which is known as parsora & Tikki. These rock
series can be classified on the basis of the content of fossil fuels found in it.
iii. Lower Gondwana : This rock series expandes in Lower part of uppper Gondwana Southern
Manendragarh, Southern Sarguja, Korba, Katghora, Kharsia, Raigarh & Dharmjaigarh.
● These rock series are formed from the Layers of Shell grit (Soft, White and sand-stones) and coals.
● These comes under Talchar, Brakar and Kamethi rock series.
06
Soils of Chhattisgarh
The Geological structure and climate of the place decides the nature and condition of soil. Chhattisgarh is
a part of a peninsular plateaue of India and so, the residual soils are found in this region. Soil are divided in five
division on the basis of structure and quality :
1. Red-Yellow Soil (55–60%)
2. Red–Sandy Soil (30–35%) :
3. Red - Loamy Soil (10–15%) :
4. Black Soil :
5. Laterite Soil:
1. Red-Yellow Soil (55–60%) :
● Local Name : Matasi Soil.
● It is the most commonly found soil in Chhattisgarh.
● This Soil is formed from the erosion of Cuddapah and Dharwad Rock. In which enough proportion of
Limestone is found. Due to the lack of nitrogen, phospharus & humus the soil is less fertile.
● Red-Yellow soil is normally found is some place. Its red colour is due to presense of Iron oxide while
yellow colour is due to hydration of ferric oxide.
● Due the presence of sand its water retention capacity is low.
● Its ph value is between 5.5–8.4. This soil has both acidic and basic nature. Soil found in north Chhattisgarh
is basic and Soil found in Bastar region is acidic in nature.
● Rice cultivation is mostly done in Red-Yellow soil. In addition to this, cultivation of pulses, Oilseeds and
tobacco is also done in this soil.
● Expansions : Northern region & plains of Chhattisgarh. (Koriya, Sarguja, Surajpur, Balrampur, Jashpur,
Mungeli, Bilaspur, Korba, Janjgir-Champa, Raigarh, Durg, Balod, Bemetra, Rajnandgaon, Raipur,
Balodabazar, Dhamtari, Gariyaband & Mahasamund etc)
2. Red–Sandy Soil (30–35%) :
○ Local Name : Tikra.
● It is expanded in 30-35% of land in Chhattisgarh.
● Due to presence of iron - oxide and high proportion of sand this soil is named as Red- Sandy Soil.
● It is acidic in nature.
● Due to lack of Nitrogen and humus this soil is less fertile and has less water retention capacity.
● This kind of Soil is suitable for course grains. Like Maize, Barley, Kodo-Kutki etc.
● Expansion : In Southern part of the state i.e. Dandkarya region (Kanker, Narayanpur, Bijapur, Sukma,
Dantewada, Bastar, Kondagaon, Rajnandgaon & Balod).
3. Red - Loamy Soil (10–15%) :
○ In this Soil proportion of clay is high as compared to sand.
● Due to presence of iron oxide colour of this soil is red.
● Nature of this soil is acidic and due to less moisture absorption capacity, high irrigation is required.
● This Soil is found in few areas of Sukma & Dantewada.
4. Black Soil :
● Local Name : Kanhar/Regur/Bharri
● This Soil is formed due to erosion of Basalt containg lava.
● Due to presence of high proportion of ferric titanium colour of this Soil is black.
● In this Soil high amount of Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Organic element is found. It is basic in nature
(ph = 7.8)
● In this Soil proportion of iron & clay is high. It is higly fertile Soil because of its smooth texture its water
retentioin capacity is very high and cracks occurs due to Lack of water because of this sun rays air etc
enters inside the Layers of Soil.
● This kind of Soil is highly suitable for farming of Gram, Wheat, Sugarcane, Cotton, Soyabean etc.
● Expansion : This Soil is found in region with less rainfall like Kawardha, Mungeli, Rajnandgaon (Maikal
Series), Gariyaband, Raipur, Dhamtari and few parts of Mahasamund.
5. Laterite Soil :
○ Local Name : Bhata/Murmi.
● The formation of such Soil takes place due to deposition method. In which upper fertile layer of Soil is
drained in water due to flow and deposition. (CG Vyapam 2014)
● In this Soil oxides of Iron and Aluminum is found and lime flows inside due to leaching and found in
deep layers.
● This pebbled Soil is suitable for Tea farming and for construstion purpose.
● This Soil lacks Nutrtive values, its water retention capacity is also less and it is basic in nature, whose ph
value is 7.
● Expansion : It is found in pat region , Raipur, Bilaspur, and few parts of Janjgir-Champa.
Note : The mixture of Red-Yellow Soil and Black Soil is known as Dorsa.
Local Soil found in Nothern and Southern plateaus of Chhattisgarh

Northern Chhattisgarh Southern Chhattisgarh
S.No.
(Sarguja Area) (Bastar Area)
1 Tikra Marhan
2 Chavar Tikra
3 Gad Chavar Mal
4 Bahara Gabhar
07
Climate of Chhattisgarh
● Climate is the average weather in a place over many years.i. e prolonged temperature,. That means its climate
is similar to the climate of India. Geographically Chhattisgarh is located in the central India. Hence its climate
is similar to the climate of India.
● Climate of Chhattisgarh is Tropical Monsoon Climate (Hot Humid Monsoon). Average rainfall in
Chhattisgarh is 125-150 cm and the average rainfall days is 67 days.
● Chhattisgarh was divided into three divisions On the Basis of Climate :
1. Northern Hilly area
2. Plane of Chhattisgarh
3. Hilly area of Bastar
1. Northern Hilly area :
● Tropic of Cancer passes through northern region of Chhattisgarh (Koriya, Surajpur, Balrampur). Due to
which there is more heat in summer and cold in winter. But Heat is not felt due to abundance of forests
region.
● In winters the temperature of Mainpat is about 0°C. That means it is the coldest place in Chhattisgarh.
● Average rainfall in Jashpur region is 172 cm.
2. Plane of Chhattisgarh :
● Due to the Scarcity of forest in plain of Chhattisgarh. There for the maximum heat is felt in summer
seasons.
● Janjgir-Champa is the hottest place of Chhattisgarh (45°C).
● In this region, less cold during winter seasons and there is minimum average rainfall in Maikal range
regions (Rain Shadow areas)
● Lowest Rainfall is recorded in Kawardha district.
3. Hilly area of Bastar :
● Due to abandance of forest and hilly areas, there is warm during Summer Seasons and very cold during
winter seasons and high average annual rainfall.
● There is cold and wet elimate (due to high rainfall) in this region.
● Highest rainfall is recorded in Abujhmad (187 cm). That is why Abujhmad is also called as Cherapunji
of Chhattisgarh.
Climate condition of Chhattisgarh

● The reasons responsible for climate conditions of any region are as following :
1. The Distance of Tropic of cancer and Equater from that area.
2. Height and distance from the sea level.
3. Wind flowing from ocean and surface.
4. Oceanic Currents.
5. Mountain Series, soil and forest etc
● Climate of the region affects the Soil, vegetation, agriculture, population, Energy and water sources.
● In India, after 21 March sun rays falls straight in the Northern hemisphere.On 21 June Sun is perpendicular
to the Tropic of Cancer. During this time the sunlight falls straight and the tempreture of the state increases.
The lowpressure center is established in North-Western part of India and it is too high in June that winds of
sea moves towards lands and Monsoon winds from Indian oceans (low temperature and high pressure area)
starts flowing from south to west and this winds is responsible for rain fall when it flows from Chhattisgarh.
The monsoon first enters Bastar region.
● After 21 September, the Sun moves from equator towards southern Hemisphere. During this time sun
rays falls fallobliquely on India. There is high wind pressure in Northern-western region and low in Indian
occean. As a result, wind starts flowing from North-west to South region. But this wind is dry and cold. There
is winter in November to January in state.
● The south-west monsoon is responsible for the rainfall in Chhattigarh. In which 90% of rainfall occurs due
to monsoon winds of Bay of Bengal and 10% of Arabian sea.
● There are 3 major seasons in Chhattisgarh :
1. Summer - March to June
2. Rainfall - July to October
3. Winter - November to Feburary
● Mean while, October is the transition period (Sankranti) between rainy and winter seasons called "Sharad"
and February is the transitaion period (Sankranti) between winter and summer called 'Basant' or 'Spring'.
08
Agriculture, Irrigation and Animal Husbandry
In Chhattisgarh
Agriculture
● Chhattisgarh is an agricultural dominant state in which 80% population is involved in agriculture related
Industries.Chhattisgarh is surrounded by hills & plateaues; paddy is grown mainly in the plain areas of
Chhattisgarh (around 67.46%) Hence, Chhattisgarh is also known as "Rice bowl". Despite of all this per
hectare production is only limated to 8 Quintals per Acre, which is Less than the average production of our
country.
● Total population of families involved in farming in the state is 37.46 Lac. Under which 76% families comes
under small & marginal category.
● The contribution of crop production of Chhattisgarh in GDP (at constant price) - 24,18,422 Lac approx
(2018-19).
Contribution of Crop sector in GDP (constant price)
Statistics 2015–16 2016–17(P) 2017–18(Q) 2018–19(A) 2019-20(A)
Contribution (in lakhs) 19,78,955 24,54,184 19,82,601 22,97,560 2344656
Increment (%) –3.27 24.01 –19.22 15.89 2.05
Share (%) 10.97 12.57 9.71 10.52 10.19
Agricultural Computation according to 2010-11 :
● Total Sown Area - 50.40 Lakh Hectare
● Total farming family - 37.46 Lakh Hectare
● Average Holding Size - 1.36 Hectare
● Small and Marginal farmers - 76%
According to the Economic Survey 2018–19
Total Sown Area Net Sown Area Dual Croping Area
56.24 Lakh Hectare 46.81 Lakh Hectare 9.4 Lakh Hectare
No. Max. Min. No. Max. Min. No. Max. Min.
1 Rajnandgaon Narayanpur 1 Rajnandgaon Narayanpur 1 Rajnandgaon Bijapur
2 Bemetra Bijapur 2 Mahasamund Bijapur 2 Bemetra Narayanpur
3 Mahasamund Dantewada 3 Raigarh Koriya 3 Kabirdham Sukma
Agricultural Climate area
1. Plains of Chhattisgarh
Area Soil Rainfall Crops
Division : Bilaspur, Gaurella- Bhata 1225 mm. Rice, Kodo-Kutki, Wheat, Pea, Moong,
Pendra-Marwahi, Raipur, Durg, Matasi Gram, Linseed, Mustard, Groundnut,
Charama and Bhanupratapur in Dorsa Soyabean
Kanker
Kanhar
Headquater : Raipur
50.52% of state's land comes
under it.
2. Bastar Plateaues
Division : Bastar (Under Kanker Marhan 1521 mm. Rice, Wheat, Kodo-Kutki, Maize, Arhar,
district : Kanker, Narharpur, Tikara Gram, Kulthi, Sesame, Tivra, Potato,
Antagarh, Pakhanjoor) Mal Vegetables
Headquater : Jagdalpur Gabhar
28.62% land it comes under
3. Northern Hilly Region
Division : Sarguja Tikara 1241.5 mm. Kodo-Kutki, Rice, Wheat, Ramtil, Pea,
Headquater : Ambikapur Chhawar Mustard, Potato.
20.86% state land comes under Gadchawar
it Bahara
Classification of Crops
1.Crops Based on life cycle 2. Crops Based on Seasons 3. Crops Based on Utility
Annuals, Kharif
Biannual Rabi
Perennials Zaid General Utility Special Utility
Food Crops Cash Crops
Oil seeds Inter cropping
Pulses Soil Protector
Spices Green Manure
Fruits
Medicinal
Stimulants
१. Crops on the Basis of Life Cycle :
Annual crops Biannual crops Perennial crops
These crops complete their life cycle These crops complete their life These crops complete their life cycle
in one year. cycle in two years. in more than two years. Basically in
Ex. : Paddy, Wheat, Barley, Gram, Medicinal and flowering crops this flowers and fruits are grown.
Soyabean, Cotton, Potato and are such kind of crops. Ex. : Naiper Grass, Rijka, Fruits etc.
Gourd etc. Ex. Sugarcane, Beet and Onion
etc.
2. Crops Based on Seasons :-

a) Kharif Crops (Rainy Seasons crops) :
● Duration : 15 June to 15 October
● These crops require High temperature and Humidity at the time of sowing and a dry climate at the
time of Harveting. These crops are sown in June and Harvested during October.
● These Crops completely depends upon rainfall, just because of its high water requirement.
● 75% of Rice farming is done under such crops.
● Major Kharif Crops :
1. Food corps : Paddy, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Kodo, Kutki
2. Oilseeds : Groundnuti, Soyabean, Til etc
3. Pulses Crops : Moong, Arhar, Urad
4. Commercial Crops : Jute, Sugarcane, Soyabean
b) Rabi Crops (Winter Crops) :
● Duration : 15 October to 15 Feburary
● These crops requires less temperature during sowing and dry and warm climate during harvesting.
So, its cropping starts in winter and harvested in summer.
● Water Requirement of such kinds of crops are relatively Low and such crops completely depends
upon irrigation.
● Major Rabi Crops :
1. Food Crops : Wheat, Barley
2. Oil Seeds Crops : Mustard, Sunflower, Linseed
3. Pulses Crops : Gram, Peas, Tiwra, Masur
4. Commercial Crops : Tobacco, Potato
c) Zaid Crops (Summer Crops) :
● Duration : 15 February to 15 June
● This crops has high resistance towards warm and dry environment. It is sown in month of March
and April and harvested in rainy seasons.
● Major Zaid Crops : Watermelon, Muskmelon, Tomato, cucumber etc.
Average Production of Major Crops
Year Paddy Wheat Sorghum Maize Gram Tuar Soyabean Cotton Sugarcane
(jowar)
2016–17 2212 1448 1355 2566 1164 615 791 316 4236
2017–18 2169 1332 1339 2566 990 407 331 323 4906
2018 –19 2358 1548 990 2568 1044 480 640 249 4477
Highest production year

1. 2014–15 Paddy, Wheat, Arhar
2. 2015–16 Cotton
3. 2016–17 Gram, sorghum(Jowar)
4. 2017–18 Maize, Sugarcane
5. 2018-19 Sugarcane, Maize
३. Major Crops on the basis of utility :

Crops
Food Crops Pulses Oilseeds

Paddy Gram Groundnut
Maize Lakhdi Soyabean
Wheat Urad Mustard
Kodo-Kutki Arhar Ramtill
Small-Pulses Kulthi Til
Sorghum (jawar) Moong Alsi
Barley
Grains
1. Paddy (Kharif) :
● Rice is a major crop of Chhattisgarh. Due to high rice producing area Chhattisgarh is also known as
"Rice bowl". This crops requires more water and high temperature.
● In Chhattisgarh, the paddy crop is mainly cultivated by the Chhintwa method (by throwing the seeds)
and partly by Ropa method (by planting the crops). The yield of paddy is 15%-20% higher in the Ropa
method.
● The plain of Chhattisgarh is the major producing area of paddy. Major district are Jangir-Champa,
Rajnandgaon, Bilaspur, Dhamtari, Mahasamund, Raigarh, Balod, Bemetra, Balodabazar, Durg,
Raipur etc.
● More than 20,000 varieties of paddy are found in the state. The major ones are Swarna, Mahamaya, IR36,
IR64, Bamleshwari, Danteshwari, Purnima, Kranti, Ananda, Safri, Indra 9, R1102 etc. Dubraj, Vishnu
Bhog, Badshah Bhog, Jawaphool etc are the famous & traditional vairities of rice in Chhattsgarh.
● 03 new varieties of the paddy have been released by central varaity committee i.e.Trombay Chhattisgarh
Dubraj Mutant, Chhattisgarh Devbhog, Chhattisgarh Zinc Rice.
● In some places the paddy is cultivated in between summer and winter seasons. These are known as Olha
crops.
2. Wheat (Rabi) :
● In Chhattisgarh Wheat is cultivated in the districts of Bemetra, Rajnandgaon, Bilaspur, Balrampur,
Kabhirdham, Surajpur, Mungeli, Balodabazar, Durg, Sarguja.
● Major vairites of wheat in Chhattisgarh are Sharbati, Bilasa 5005, Arpa 503 and Ratan 5010.
3. Coarse Grains and Other Grains :
● It includes, Jowar, Barley, Finger, Millet (Ragi). Sarguja and Bastar pleatues are major production areas
of this crops.
4. Kodo-Kutki (Kharif) :
● Kodo Kuki is the main food crop of the state after paddy. It is basically sown in areas of less fertile soil
with uneven surface and less rainfall. It is more prevalent in Bastar division. It comes under coarse crops.
It is major alternative food crop of Bastar and tribal areas.
Oilseeds :
Major Oilseed’s food crop in Chhattisgarh is Soyabean, sesameseeds, mustard, flax seed, Groundnut.
Soyabean is mainly a crop of China and about two decade before it came to the state. Today it is the highest
producing oilseed crop in the state. Groundnut is the crop of the leguminous family, it absords the nitrogen
present in the atmosphere thus increases the fertility of the land. Linseed locally called Alsi is the traditional Rabi
oilseed crop of the state; it is popular in all the areas of Chhattisgarh.
Pulses :
Pulses are a major source of protein and are the main contributors to nitrogen fixation in pulses. Gram is the
main pulse crop in Chhattisgarh. After gram, comes tiwda and urad. Kulthi is a traditional crop. Arhar or Tuar is
also one of the main pulses , it is sown with cotton and Jowar.
Production of Major Crops (In 1000 Metric tonne) :
Increnment
S.No. Khariff Crop 2018-19 Supply 2019-20 Supply
Decrement %
1. Paddy 6963.89 8346.79 20
2. Maize 489.48 507.89 4
3. Arhar 60.39 78.00 29
4. Moong 11.61 12.25 6
5. Urad 49.20 52.56 7
6. Groundnut 71.39 79.13 11
7. Soyabean 78.52 81.57 4
8. Ramtil 12.47 13.00 4
9. Other 0.00 0.00 0
S.No. Rabi Crops
1. Summer Paddy 594.68 320.00 -46
2. Maize 216.09 228.15 6
3. Wheat 278.12 326.40 17
4. Gram 385.26 451.50 17
5. Peas 14.53 27.30 88
6. Tivda 128.43 195.00 52
7. Mustard 57.60 78.75 37
8. Linseed 10.15 18.00 77
9. Sugurcane 180.59 225.00 25
Production of Major Crops (In 1000 ten.) :
Production of Major Crops

S. No. Crops
2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018-19
1.0 Grain
1.1 Paddy 7731.5 13189.9 8623.5 9762.8
1.2 Wheat 142.33 151.08 141.64 446.13
1.3 Jowar 4.36 5.44 4.7 2.81
1.4 Maize 237.74 309.32 306.94 303.60
1.5 Kodo-Kutki 11.93 23.05 14.87 22.23
1.6 Barley 0.67 1.88 1.96 1.36
1.7 Small Grain 7.87 4.97 5.74 5.76
2.0 Pulses
2.1 Gram 218.8 338.32 331.67 680.03
2.2 Tuar 30.6 39.01 25.74 30.13
2.3 Urad 28.91 30.57 28.52 26.98
2.4 Moong 6.56 6.44 4.92 4.85
2.5 Kulthi 15.09 16.37 15.76 14.86
2.6 Lakh (Tivara) 192.1 222.63 129.79 124.23
3.0 Sugarcane 46.9 109.58 64.21 93.38
4.0 Oilseeds
4.1 Groundnut 37.25 46.93 33.112 78.05
4.2 Ramtil 10.24 11.39 10.69 10.7
4.3 Til 6.82 7.55 5.19 5.67
4.4 Soyabean 40.12 76.13 30.31 52.20
4.5 Linseed 9.45 10.10 4.57 4.37
4.6 Mustard 25.96 18.43 18.35 18.96
Argicultural Production (2016–17) :
Grain
a) Paddy 1. Janjgir-Champa 2. Dhamtari 3. Raipur
b) Maize 1. Balrampur 2. Kondagaon 3. Bastar
c) Wheat 1. Rajnandgaon 2. Bemetra 3. Balrapur
d) Kodo-Kutkee 1. Kanker 2. Dantewada 3. Bastar
Pulses
a) Gram 1. Bemetra 2. Rajnandgaon 3. Kabirdham
b) Tivda 1. Mungeli 2. Balod 3. Bilaspur
c) Urad 1. Kondagaon 2. Jashpur 3. Raigarh
d) Arhar 1. Rajnandgaon 2. Kabirdham 3. Balrampur
Oilseeds
a) Soyabean 1. Kawardha 2. Rajnandgaon 3. Bemetra
b) Groundnut 1. Raigarh 2. Jashpur 3. Mahasmund
c) Mustard 1. Balrampur 2. Sarguja 3. Surajpur
d) Linseed 1. Balrampur 2. Rajnandgaon 3. Sarguja
e) Ramtil 1. Jashpur 2. Balrampur 3. Bastar
Sugarcane
a) Sugarcane 1. Kabirdham 2. Surajpur 3. Bemetra
Note : Minimum support price (MSP) for the Rabi crops in year 2020–21 from Central Government are as follows:
Crops MSP for year 2019-20 MSP for year 2020-21 Increment
(Quintals)
Wheat 1840 1925 85
Barley 1440 1525 85
Mustard oil 4200 4425 225
Gram 4620 4875 255
Kusum 4945 5215 270
Masur 4475 4800 325
2. MSP for marketing of Paddy and Maize for year 2019-20 is set by government of Indian are as follows:
○ Normal Paddy : 1815 Rs. per quintal
○ Grade A Paddy : 1835 Rs. per quintal
○ Maize : 1760 Rs. per quintal
○ Procurement period :
1 December 2019 to 15 February 2020 (for Rice purchase)
1 December 2019 to 31 May 2020 (for Maize purchase)
○ Per Acre Purchase determined :
Paddy Purchase Limit - 15 Quintals/Acre(including linking)
Maize purchas Limit - 10 Quintals/Acre (including linking
State Research Center in Chhattisgarh
1. Kosa Research Center : Bastar
2. Cashew Reserch Center : Bastar
Agricultural Worker Award

S.No. Year Crops
1. 2010–11 Paddy
2. 2012–13 Paddy
3. 2013–14 Paddy
4. 2014–15 Pulses
5. 2017–18 Specific contribution in the field of agriculture
(mechanization)
Other facts :
● Chhattisgarh is a first state of Indian which has adopted seperate agricultural budget for agriculture in
year 2012-13.
● Chhattisgarh is 1st state of India to provide 24×7 electricity to farmers for agricultural work.
● Establishments of "Agricultural Service Centers" in 146 Development block of Chhattisgarh.
● Soil testing facility is provided to all farmers of Chhattisgarh of Rs. 2.
● Providing farmers Loans in 0% Interest Rate.
● Agricultural Machinery Testing Laboratory is located in Raipur.
Agricultural Marketing
● Chhattisgarh State Agricultural Marketing Center - Raipur (Formed - 23 December 2003)
○ Purchase of paddy in Chhattisgarh : by Chhattisgarh State Government Marketing Association
(Markfed)
○ Maize purchased in Chhattisgarh : Chhattisgarh State coopertive Marketing Federation
(MARKFED)
○ Storange of Produced crop : State Government Corporation, Raipur
● Agricultural produce Market in Chhattisgarh (Mandi) : 69
● Sub-Division Produce Market(Up-Mandi) : 118
● Primary Agricultural credit committe : 1333
● Total Accrued Area : 1992
● Farmer's shopping Mall : Rajnandgaon (2010), Mahasamund
● Farmer's Market : Dhamtari 2016
● e-Nam : 14 Markets
● Soil Testing Laboratory : 11 (Bemetara, Balod, Rajnandgaon, Sakti (Janjgir-Champa), Raigarh,
Ramanujganj (Balrampur), Raipur, Balodabazar, Mahasamund, Durg and Bilsapur)
● Mini Soil Testing Laboratory : 111
● Adarsh Mandi : 1. Dhamtari, 2. Kurud, 3. Rajnandgaon, 4. Kabirdham, 5. Mungeli
● Agriportal.cg.nic.in : Information on daily arrival and prices of agricultural product market can be
obtained.
Agricutural Development Programme

1. Kisan Samridhi Yojna/Indira Khet Ganga Yojna (2002) :
● Objective : To provide irrigation facilities through tube mining and pump energization in districts with
less rainfall.
2. Surajdhara Yojna :
● Objective : Seed exchange programme -Providing improved seed is given instead of non-viable seeds.
3. Shakambhari Yojna (2005–06) :
● Self irrigation facility for small and marginal farmers.
4. Rajya Poshit Sukshm Sichai Yojna (2013–14) :
● Purpose : To provide subsidy drip irrigation to farmers.
● Subsidy for small and Marginal farmers : 70%.
● Subsidy for Lage scale farmers : 50% (Max. 5 hectare).
5. PM Krishi Sichai Yojna (2015–16) :
● Objective : Rain water Harvesting, Development of Irrigation sources, inhancing ground water level,
More irrigation by less use of water.
● Subsidy : For small scale formers 70% (40% central + 30% State)
For Large scale formers : 50%
Organic Farming Scheme

● Started from 2014
● 5 districts are declared as a organic districts and 1 development block from rest of the 22 districts has been
anounced to be developed as organic regions.
● Organice Districts : 1. Gariyaband, 2. Narayanpur, 3. Bijapur, 4. Sukma, 5. Dantewada.
● Organic Crops : Aromatic varieties of paddy in the State - Basmati, Badshahbhog, Dubraj, Pusa Sugandh,
Javaful, Motichur, Jeeraful, Tulsi-Manjari, Kali Kamod, Loctimanchi, Kaligilas, Tilakasturi (Gireen Rice),
Maize and minor Crops - Kodo-Kutki, Ragi, Sanwa, Kosal etc and Oilseeds-Pulses : Arhar, Urad, Moong,
Kulthi, Til.
● Organic Farming certification : By P.G.S. India.
● Organic Brand in Chhattisgarh : The marketing of the organic products is done throgh branding in various
districts of the state.
1. Changro Rice Mill – Balrampur
2. Mahamaya, Districts – Surajpur
3. Bansajhal Rice, Mahamaya, Districts – Sarguja
4. Jashpur Agrofresh, Districts – Jashpur
5. Agar Organic Prodect, Districts – Mungel
6. Korba Agrofresh, Districts – Korba
7. Kelo Brand, Districts – Raighar
8. Shivnath Organics, Districts – Durg
9. Raipur Organic, Districts – Raipur
10. Rudra Organic, Districts – Dhamtari
11. Panchtatva, Districts – Kondagaon
12. Bastar Natural, Districts – Raighar
13. Aadim Brand, Panchtatva, Districts – Dantawada
Suraji gram yojana

"छत्तीसगढ़ के चार िचन्हारी नरवा, गरूवा, घुरूवा, बाड़ी एला बचाना हे सं गवारी"
● Connecting the proceedings of water conservation, animal promotion, soil health and nutrition management
with the cultural tradition of Chhattisgarh and with the support of common people The campaign of Narva,
Garuva, Bari conservation and promotion through the creation of "Suraji Gram Yojana" has been started by
the Government of Chhattisgarh :
○ Narva Under the Narva program, conservation of water resources available in the state, various small
structures such as street plugs, brushwood dam, loose bolder check dams etc are being constucted.
Under the scheme , at present 680 nala constructionhave been completed , 2852 are under construction
, and 19056 are yet to start.
○ Garuva : To conduct activities for Gothan construction work and pasture development under Garuva
program, fodder arrangement for animal drinking water in Gothan, solar pumps, fencing / CPT,
protective planting etc. are being done. Vermi tank, Nadep tank, biogas plant etc. for management of
cow dung is being constructed. Under Garva scheme, in the month of November, 2019, 3,509 Gothan
have been sanctioned out of which 1,661 gothan are in operation and construction of 309 is in progress.
○ Ghuruwa : Under the Ghurwa Scheme, 'Waste Decomposer' is being used for manufacturing of Quality
Fertilisers in comparatively lesser time. Through the Ghurwa Scheme and willingness of the farmers, a
total of 48289 Bhu-NADEP, 4464 NADEP Tanks, 3167 Vermi Tanks, 9592 Vermi Beds and 395 Bio Gas
Plant construction have been completed.
○ Badi : Under the Badi scheme, Badi Development program is being implemented in the land available
in the backyard of villager's homes. In these Badis land leveling, micro irrigation, fruits vegetables
production etc. work is being done. Under the Badi Development program, 25005 new Badis and 44143
old Badis work has been completed.
Chhattisgarh Public Distribution System (PDS)

● Fair Price Shops – 12298 (Rural - 11044, Urban - 1254)
● Computarizatin of Paddy procurement – 2007-18
● Computerization of PDS – 2007
● Call Centre (1967) – 2007
● Rice Festival – On 7th day of every month from February 2008
● Mukhyamantri Khadyan Sahayta Yojna – April 2007
Horticulture
● National Horticulture Mission : 5 May 2005 (Under to 10th five year plan)
● National Horticulture Mission : 2005–06
Horticulture Crops
Total Area : 8.30 Lakhs
Total Production : 98.3 Lakh Metric ton
Northern Region Central Region Southern Region

(Potato, Tomato, Lichi, (Banana, Gauva, (Cashew, Coconut,
Strawberry etc) Mango etc) Region Black pepper, Bay leaf etc)
● Production year : 2017–18

○ Area : Vegetables > Fruits > Spices > Flowers > Medicinal plants
○ Production : Vegetables > Fruits > Spices > Medicinal plants> Flower
○ Productivity : 11.36 Metric tonn/Hectare
Note :
○ The "National Horticulture Mission" was launched in Chhattisgarh under the 10th Five Year Plan.
○ Under Coordinated development 2005-06 National Horticulture Mission has started for the integrated
development of horticulture in 2005-06.
Area, production and productivity under horticulture crops
2017–18 2018-19
S.No. Name of Crops Area Production Area Production Productivity
(Rakba) (M. Tonne) (Rakba) (M. Tonne) (in. Tons per hec.)
1. Fruit 2,61,518 25,92,450 256776 2542241 9.90

2. Vegetable 4,74,701 67,54,610 491214 6890529 14.03
3. Spices 1,00,980 7,15,517 93588 659250 7.04
4. Medicine and 8,745 61,948 8865 58013 6.54
Aromatic Crops
5. Flower 13,200 60,689 14008 74609 5.33
Total 859144 10185214 864451 10224642 11.83
Other fact :
○ Mrcor Irrigation Project (Sukshma Sinchai Yojna) 2012–13
○ Tomato capital of Chhattisgarh - Ludeg (Jashpur)
Animal Husbandry
Details of live stock sector's contribution in GDP (At Constant Price 2011–12)
Statistics 2015–16 2016–17 (P) 2017–18 (Q) 2018–19 (A) 2019-20(A)
Contribution (Lakh) 253157 284250 313526 322592 375670
Increase (%) 3.21 12.28 10.30 2.89 16.45
Share (%) 1.40 1.46 1.54 1.48 1.63
Livestock development :
● Under the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and Dairy :
○ According to 2012 statistics, there are 1.50 crore livestock and 1.80 crore poultry and duck livestock in
the state.
○ State Animal husbandry and Development Corporation : Raipur (1982)
○ Dairy Technology College : Raipur (1983)
○ State Cooperative Milk Federation : 1983 (Raipur) Brand- Devbhog (2011 Devbhog), Old Name–Sanchi
○ Veterinary College : Anjora (Durg– 1984)
○ Kamdhenu University : Anjora (Durg– 2012)
○ Chhattisgarh state livestock and development Agency : Raipur (June 2001)
○ Objective : National Agency for Animal Husbandry-For operation and control of cow and buffalo
breeding project.
● Animals of their Improved Breeds :
○ Milk producer : Gir, Jailo, Redsindhi, Sahiwal (Pakistan)
○ Agricultural Producer : Malvi, Nimadi, Bellari (Karnataka)
○ Buffallo : Murra (Punjab, Haryana), Surti (Gujrat), Nili (Gujrat), BHadawari (Gujrat), Itava (UP),
Jafarabadi (Kathiawar).
○ Other :
• Chhattisgarh is the third state in the country to formulate a Livestock Development and Animal
Breeding Policy.
• Frozen Semen Bull Station – Anjora (Durg) [Under the Animal breed improvement program)
Animal Census (According to 2012)
• Total livestock 1.50 Cr.
• Total Hen & Ducks livestocks 1.80 Cr.
Animals Population (in lakh)
• Cow 98.13 lakh
• Goats 32.25 lakh
• Buffalo 13.90 lakh
• Pig 4.39 lakh
• Sheep 1.60 lakh
• Hen (Poultry) 1.80 Cr.
Note :
○ Livestock in Chhattisgarh - Cow > Goat > Buffalo
○ Cow - Sahiwal, Redsindhi (H.F.C)
○ Buffalo - Murrah, Surti, Bhadawari, Jafarabadi
○ Livestock density on the basis of Animal census 2007-105
○ Animal census (2007) - Goat > Bull > Cow-Buffalo
Livestock Availability
S.No. Products Production Per person Avaibility
1. Milk 1567 Thousand Tons 143 Mlg. per day
2. Egg 18928 Lakh Egg 63 Eggs per year
3. Meat 60886 Thousand kg. 2,022 kg. per year
Fishery Development
● A total of 1.837 lakh hectares of water area is available in the state of Chhattisgarh of which the fish production
is done in 1.739 lakh hectares of water area, which is 94.66 precent of the total area.
● Fish production from all the resources – 457167.19 metric. ton (2017-18)
– 488618.98 metric. ton (2018-19)
– 290978.36 metric. ton (Upto september 2019-20)
● Fisheries Cooperative Society – 1578 (Upto september 2019)
● Members – 50930 (10 years lease of pond/Irrigation reservoir is given to all classes)
The Details of share of fishery in GDP (of constant price 2011–12)
Statistics 2015–16 2016–17 (P) 2017–18 (Q) 2018–19 (A) 2019-20(A)
Contribution 320482 352891 428201 457659 476239
(Lakh)
Increase (%) 8.91 10.11 21.34 6.88 4.06
Share (%) 1.78 1.81 2.10 2.09 2.07
Fish Seed producing area in Chhattisgarh under Fishery department :
○ Demar (Dhamtari)
○ Khutela Bhata (Durg)
○ Dudhwa (Kanker)
○ Khuntaghat (Bilaspur)
○ Etmanagar (Korba)
○ Selud (Durg)ससंचाई (Irrgation)
Blue Revolution
The blue revolution or Nilkranti scheme is centrally sponsored scheme by the Government of India. Merging
the central sector plan, programs under the new scheme with the fisheries development and management
programs in the state under the components of Nilranti. The beneficiaries associated with fisheries of Unreserved
category are provided 40 percent and Scheduled Castes and Tribes are provided 60 percent subsidy.
Irrigation
Water resource & Irrigation in Chhattisgarh :
● The maximum irrigated district is Jangir Champa and minimum irrigated distirct is Dantewada.
● Canals are the major source of irrigation in the plains of Chhattisgarh.
● Mainly Mahanadi, Hasdeo and Tandula canals are used for irrigation purpose.
● Tubewells are the major source for irrigation after canals.
● Wells are the major sourch for irrigation in Dandkaryan areas and ponds are the Major sourch for irrigation
in Bastar division.
Economic Survey 2019-20 (till 30th June 2019)
Subject Total Irrigation Area (Lakh Irrigation (%)
Hectare)
Irrigation capacity 20.99 Lakh Hectare 37%
Total irrigated area 20.06 Lakh Hectare 36%
Net irrigated area 15.64 Lakh Hectare 33%
One Time irrigated area 4.4 Lakh Hectare
Contribution of Irrigation Sources (In Decreasing order) :
○ Canals (52%) : 8.9 Lakh Hectare
○ Tubewells (29%) : 6.2 Lakh Hectare
○ Ponds : 29.5 thousand Hectare
○ Wells : 15.8 thousand Hectare
Total : 15.64 Lakh Hectare
S. No. Canals Tubewells Ponds
Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min.
1. Janjgir-Champa Bijapur Bemetra Bijapur Mahasmund Kabirdham
2. Raipur Dantewada Balod Dantewada Balod Narayanpur
3. Dhamtari Narayanpur Kondagaon Narayanpur Raigarh Mungeli
According to Irrigation Date(2018-19) : Net irrigation Area in Hectare (%) :

S. No. Subject Canals Tubewell Ponds Well Total
1. Area 898000 621159 29876 15807 1564842
2. Percent 57.39% 39.7% 1.90% 1.01%
3. Maximum use Janjgir-Champa Raigarh Jashpur Dantewada Janjgir-Champa
Irrigation (Year 2017–18)
Total Irrigated Area
Area Based Percentage Based
Max. Min. Max. Min.
1. Janjgir-Champa 1. Narayanpur 1. Janjgir-Champa 1. Dantewada
2. Bemetra 2. Dantewada 2. Raipur 2. Sukma/Narayanpur
3. Rajnandgaon 3. Sukma
Net irrigated area :

Area Based Percentage Based
Max. Min. Max. Min.
1. Janjgir-Champa 1. Narayanpur 1. Raipur 1. Dantewada
2. Raipur 2. Dantewada 2. Janjgir 2. Sukma/Narayanpur
Note :
○ Presently, the state's irrigation percentage has gone up to 37 percent.
○ The target is to develop surface water irrigation capacity in 32 lakh hectare area out of about 43 lakh
hectare area of the total sown area of the state in the coming years.
Other Projects :
S.
Projects River Districts note
No.
1. Keshva Project Keshva canal Mahasmund
2. Ghongha Project Ghongha Bilaspur Ghongha Tributary river of
Maniyari
3. Ramavtar Project Masturi
4. Anand Sagar Reservoir Bilha
5. Dhurdev Reservoir Marwahi
6. Bhaisajhar Barrage Arpa Bilaspur
7. Khamhar Pakut Project Raigarh
8. Kedar Project Kedar Canal Raigarh
9. Shyam Project Ambikapur
10. Banki Project Sarguja
11. Mahan Project Balrampur
12. Chirpani Project Kabirdham
13. Sutiyapat Project Kabirdham
14. Beharkhar Project Kabirdham
15. Mongra Barrage Project Shivnath Rajnandgaon
16. Mariyamoti Project Rajnandgaon
17. Ruse Project Rajnandgaon
18. Pipriya canal Project Rajnandgaon
19. Jhumka Project Koriya
20. Myaan Project Kanker
21. Rogda Reservoir Janjgir (Akltara) Provided of Leagve to Vardha
Power Plant on lease.
22. Maroda Reservoir Durg
Project
Under Construction Project

S. िवशेष
Project River District
No.
1 Kelo Large Project Kelo Raigarh Irrigation capicity – 22810 Hectare
2 Sukha Nala Barrage Sukha Nala Rajnandgaon Irrigation capicity – 6270 Hectare
3 Ghumariya Nala Ghumriya Rajnandgaon Irrigation capicity – 3200 Hectare
Project Nala
4 Karra Nala Karra Nala Sahaspur Lohara,
Kabirdham
09
Major Resources
Major Resources
Water Resources Forest Resource Mineral Resources EnergyRsources
9.1 Water Resources

1. River Drainage System
River Drainage System :
● A continuous stream of water flowing through a naturally developed and modified path is known as river. It
usually originates from mountains on glaciers and merges into an ocean or a lake. In this accompanied, it is
joined by many tributaries. The web of these tributary river is called river drainage system.
Drainage Basin :
● The area from which river water flows and moves forward in its drainage valley is known as watershed.
River Basin :
● The Geographical area through which a river and its tributaries flow is called a basin.
● Chhattisgarh, known as "Rice Bowl", is rich in natural resources. Rivers of the state are chief source of
irrigation, hydroelectric power, industry and Potable water.
● On the Basis of Geographical structure, Chhattisgarh can be mainly classified into 5 river drainage systems :
1. Mahanadi Drainage System (56.11%)
2. Godawari Drainage System (28.62%)
3. Ganges Drainage System (13.62%)
4. Narmada Drainage System (0.55%)
5. Brahmani Drainage System (1.03%)
Mahanadi Drainage System (75,858.45 km2, 56.11%)
● The Mahanadi and its tributaries together form the Mahanadi drainage system.
● The Mahanadi drainage system is the largest drainage system of the state. It is widespread in the plains of
state; having slope towards the east. It contains 3/4th water distribution of the state.
● About 56.11% of the total watershed area of the state is under the Mahanadi drainage system, which is wide
spread in 75,858.45 km2 of Chhattisgarh.
Mahanadi
● "Ganges of Chhattisgarh" and "Lifeline of Chhattisgarh" (CGPSC (MI) 2014)
● Longest River of Chhattisgarh : 858 km. (Longest River of Chhattisgarh (CGPSC (MI) 2014)
● Length in Chhattisgarh : 286 km.
● Origin : Sihava hills (Dhamtari)
● Mouth : Cuttack (Odisha) near bay of Bengal (CGPSC 2003)
● Cities on Bank :
○ Rajim (Mahanadi + Pairi + Sondhur)
○ Sirpur, Arang, Palari, Champaran
○ Shivrinarayan (Mahanadi + Shivnath + Jonk)
○ Chandrapur (Mahanadi + Mand + Laat)
● Flowing Area :
1. Dhamtari 2. Kanker 3. Balod 4.Raipur 5. Gariyaband
6. Mahasamund 7. Balodabazar 8. Janjgir-Champa 9. Raigarh
Mahanadi, flows through 9 districs of Chhattisgarh :

Ancient Name : Kanaknandini
Sattyuga : Nilotpala (in Vayu Puran)
Tretayuga : Mahananda (In the name of favourite deciple of Saint Shringi)
Dwaparyuga : Chitrotpala (In Skand, Matsya and Brahma Puran)
Present : Mahanadi
● Details :
○ The Mahanadi, originates from the Sihawa range in the Dhamtari district, then it enters Kanker district
flowing in the south-west direction. At Kanker, the flow direction of Mahanadi shifts towards north-
west.
○ From this area, flowing through red-sandy soil, it enters the district of Balod and after crossing Balod,
enters the west Dhamtari, here it receives waters from the rivers Pairi and Sondhur in Rajim.
○ It starts delting vibrant from Arang and then broadens in Sirpur and flows towards Balodabazar and as
according to it name it becomes Mahanadi till Shivrinarayan.
○ The Mahanadi turns towards east from this religious place and enters the Sambalpur district (Odisha)
by taking the streams of water from Mand and Laat river at Chandrapur.
○ Approximately 7 miles from east of Cuttack, it forms a delta and from here it divides into several streams
and finally falls into Bay of Bengal.
○ Mahanadi is passes through Dhamtari, Kanker, Charama, Rajim, Arang, Sirpur, Shivrinarayan and
Sambalpur, Balangir, Cuttack in Odisha etc.
Major Projects on Mahanadi

1. Rudri pickup ware (Dhamtari)
2. Gangrel (Dhamtari)
3. Dudhawa Reservoir (Dhamtari)
4. Hirakund (Cuttack)
5. Dilip Singh Judeo Setu (Raigarh)
6. Samoda Barrage (Raipur)
7. Saradih Barrage (Raigarh)
8. Shivrinarayan Barrage (Janjgir-Champa)
9. Kalma Barrage (Janjgir-Champa)
10. Mirouni Barrage (Janjgir-Champa)
Note :
● A Suspension bridge is being constructed on the Mahanadi at Rajim.
● The Longest Road bridge of the state is built as Dilip Sing Judeo Setu Mahanadi. This bridge has been
built between Surajpur village and Nandigaon between Pusaur and Sariya.
Tributaries of Mahanadi
Tributaries from the South Tributaries from the North

1. Dudh 1. Shivnath River
2. Silyari River 2. Hasdev River
3. Sondhur River 3. Borai River
4. Pairi River 4. Mand River
5. Sukha River 5. Kelo River
6. Eib River 6. Eib River
7. Laat River
Tributaries form South :

1. Dudh River :
● Origin : Malajkundam hills (Almost 15 km from Kanker)
● Confluence : In Mahanadi (in Kanker)
● Flowing Area : Kanker
● Waterfall : Malajkundam waterfall (Kanker)
2. Silyari River :
● Origin : Silyari (Dhamtari)
● Confluence : In Mahanadi (In Dhamtari)
● Flowing Area : Dhamtari
● River Project : Murumsilli water reservior (Dhamtari)
3. Sondhur River :
● Ancient Name : Sundarbhuti River
● Origin : Navrangpur (Korakut, Odisha), with reference to Chhattisgarh
state its origin is "Nariyarpani" in Dhamtari district.
● Confluence : Pairi River (In Malgaon, Rajim)
● River Project : Sondhur dam (Dhamtari)
● Flowing Area : Dhamtari, Gariyaband
4. Pairi River (90 km.) :
● Origin : Hills of Bhatrigargh, Bindranavagarh Tehsil (Gariaband)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Rajim)
● Flowing Area : Gariaband
● River Passes through town : Sitabadi, Sirkatti
● River Project : Sikasar (Gariaband)
● Note :
○ "Rajiv Lochan Temple" is situatd on banks of Pairi river.
○ On the Banks of river pairi 2500 thousand years old harbour Panduka is obtained near Sirgitti
Ashram.
○ Pairi River divides the Dhamtari and Rajim.
5. Sukha River :
● Origin : Tumgaon (Mahasamund)
● Confluence : Mahanadi
● Tributary : Kodar River
● Shahid Vir Narayan Singh projectis situated in Kodar River in Mahasamund district.
6. Jonk River (90 km) :
● Ancinet Name : Palasini (According to the Markandeya, Brahma and Vayupuran)
● Origin : It escapes from Sonbera plateau (Orissa), crosses Gauragarh hill
series and enters Mahasamund.
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Shivrinarayan)
● Flowing Area : Mahasamund, Balodabazar, (Giraudpuri), Janjgir-Champa
● River Prjoect : Jonk (Mahasamund)
7. Laat River :
● Origin : Radan hills (Saraipali, Mahasamund)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Chandrapur)
● Flowing Area : Mahasamund, Raigarh
Tributaries from North :
1. Hasdeo River (176 km.) :
● Ancient Name : Hastusoma
● Origin : Kaimur hills (Sonhat Tehsil, Koriya)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Kera village 8 Miles from Shivrinarayan, Siladehi)
● Flowing Area : Koriya, Korba, Janjgir-Champa
● Towns on River Bank : Manendragarh, Korba, Champa, Pithampur, (Janjgir-Champa)
● Projects : Hasdeo–Bango project (Machadoli, Korba), Darri Barrage (Korba).
● Note : Hasdeo Valley is popular for its Coal mines. "Sarvamangala Temple" (Korba) is situated on
the banks of River Hasdeo.
● Tributaries River : Taan, Jhing, Uttyeg, Gaj, Ahiran (Jatashankari), Chornai.
2. Borai River :
● Origin : Plateau of Korba
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Janjgir-Champa)
● Flowing Area : Korba, Janjgir- Champa
3. Mand River (155 km) :
● Ancient Name : Mandga, Mandvahini River (Markandeya Puran)
● Origin : Mainpat (Sarguja)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Chandrapur)
● Flowing Area : Sarguja, Jashpur, Raigarh, Janjgir:Champa
● Tributary River : Kurkut, Koiraj
● Note :
○ Mand River flows from middle of pandrapat and jarang pat.
○ Mand River valley that extends in (Sarguja:Raigarh) region is known for its coal deposition
region.
4. Kelo River (112 km.) :
● “Life line of Raigarh”
● Origin : Ludeg hills (Lailunga Tehsil, Raigarh)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Mahadevpali, Odisha)
● Flowing Area : Raigarh
● Project : Kelo River project/Dilip Singh Judev project (Raigarh), Khamhar
Pakut (Raigarh)
● Tributary River : Koldega, Razar
● Towns on the bank : Raigarh
● Note : It enters Gharghoda tehsil, flowing towards then it enters. Southwards, Bhalumar Sanctuary
and Tamnar and in the end and joins Mahanadi.
5. Ib River (87 km.) :
● Origin : Khurja hills, Pandrapat (Rani Jhula, Jashpur)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Sambalpur, 10 km before Hirakud Dam)
● Towns on River Bank : Jashpur (Bagicha)
● Tributary River : Maini, Doki, Kharang
● Note : Gold particles are found in the Sand of River Eib
● Total length : 202 km.
6. Shivnath River (290 km.) :
“It is Longest flowing river in Chhattisgarh”
● “It is Longest tributary of Mahanadi”
● Ancient Name : Shiva, Sunni (In Matsya and Vaman Puran)
● Origin : Panabaras hills (Ambagarh Tehsil, Rajnandgaon)
● Confluence : Mahanadi (Shivrinarayan)
● Flowing area : 1. Rajnandgaon, 2. Durg, 3. Bemetra, 4. Mungeli, 5. Bilaspur,
6. Baloda bazar, 7. Janjgri:Champa
● Towns on River bank : Rajnandgaon, Durg, Madku Dweep, Damakheda, Somnath
● Projects : Mongra Barrage project (Rajnandgaon), Mohad (Rajnandgaon),
Khapri (Durg), Maroda (Durg)
● Note :
○ Doab region of Mahanadi and Shivnath river extends to in Raipur and Durg district.
○ In Ancient times Shivnath river divided 36 Garhs 18 on each side of its banks.
● Tributary :
Rivers merging from North : 1. Aamner, 2. Hanp, 3. Maniyari, 4. Arpa, 5. Lilagar
Rivers merging from South : 1. Kharkhra, 2. Tandula, 3. Kharun, 4. Jamuniya
Rivers from North :
i) Amner River :
○ Origin : Kabirdham (Maikal Range)
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Durg)
○ Flowing Area : Kabirdham, Rajnandgaon, Bemetra, Durg
○ Note : Confluence of three rivers in Khairagarh : Amner +
Muska + Pipriya
ii) Hanf River (44 km.) :
○ Origin : Pandariya hill, Kandawani area (Kwardha)
○ Confluence : Shivnath River (Bemetra)
○ Flowing Area : Kabirdham, Bemetra
○ Tributary : Sakri River (Kawardha town is situated on the bank of river
Sakri)
○ Flowing Area of Sakri River : Kawardha, Bemetra
iii) Maniyari River (134 km.) :
○ Origin : Lormi plateau, Shinhaval (Mungeli)
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Amereekapa, Talagaon)
○ Flowing area : Mungeli, Bilaspur
○ Town on the bank : Talagaon, Takhatpur
○ Tributary : Arang, Tesuva, chhoti Naramada, Ghongha
○ Project : Rajiv Gandhi water reservior (Mungeli)
○ Note : It divides Mungali and Bilaspur
iv) Arpa River (100 km.) :
‘‘It is biggest tributary river of Shivnath river”
○ Ancient Name : Kirpa River
○ Origin : Khodri:khongsra hills
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Near Bartori, Thakurdeva, Manik Chawara)
○ Flowing Area : Bilaspur, Balodabazar
○ Towns on Bank : Bilaspur, Pendra Road, Manik Chawra
○ River Project : Arpa Bhaisajhar project (Kota, Bilaspur)
○ Tributary : Kharang
○ Note : It divides Mungeli from Bilaspur
v) Lilagar River (135 km.) :
○ Ancient Name : Nidila
○ Origin : Deepka plateaus (Bandhakhar, Korba)
○ Confluence : Shivnath
○ Towns on River bank : Malhar
○ Note : It flows through the boundaries of Korba, Bilaspur,
Janjgir-Champa
Rivers from the South :
i) Kharkhra River :
○ Origin : Dondilohara (Balod)
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Balod)
○ Flowing Area : This river originates from Balod and flows in Balod
○ Project : Kharkhra project (Balod)
ii) Tandula River (64 km.) :
○ Origin : Northern hills of Bhanupratapur (Kanker)
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Durg)
○ Tributary : Juhar River (Gondli Dam)
○ Flowing Area : Kanker, Balod, Durg
○ Project : Tandula water reservior (Balod), First project of }
Chhattisgarh
○ Major places on bank : Dondi and Gunderdehi
iii) Kharun River (208 km.) :
○ Origin : Petechua Mountains (Chorhanala, Balod)
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Somnath, Dharsiva)
○ Flowing Area : Balod, Durg, Raipur
○ Towns on Bank : Raipur, Tarighat (Durg)
○ Note : This river forms a boundary of Durg and Dhamtari and
enters Raipur.
iv) Jamuniya River :
○ Origin : Balodabazar
○ Confluence : Shivnath (Balodabazar)
Other Rivers :
● Tel River :
○ Ancient Name : Utpalla and Utplavi (In Mahabharat)
○ Origin : Umarkot Tehsil (Korput, Odisha)
○ Confluence : This river flows through Gariyaband (Devbhog) and enters Odisha
and falls into Mahanadi near Sonpur (Kalahandi).
● Surhi : Rajnandgaon
● Sarangi and Balamdehi River : Mahasamund
● Jatlur River : Narayanpur
● Sakri River : Kwardha (Tributary of Shivnath River)
● Surangi River : Mahasamund (Tributary of Mahanadi River)
Godawari Drainage System (38,694 km2 1,28.62%)
● Godavari Drainage system is the second largest river drainage system of Chhattisgarh.
● Godavari and its tributaries together form the Godavari drainage system.
● Indravati river is major tributary of River Godavari which receives water from many tributary rivers of
Dandakaranya plateau.
● About 28.62% of the total watershed area of the state comes under the Godavari drainage system, which is
about 38,694 km of Chhattisgarh.
● Slope : Towards West & South
Godavari River (1465 km.)

● Ancient Name : Godavari river is largest river in the peninsular plateau of India. It is also known as Ganga
of South
● Origin : Trimbak hills (Nasik, Maharashtra)
● Confluence : It forms a delta near Dauleshwaram near Rajahmundry city on Bay of Bengal. This river falls
into the sea in the form of seven streams.
● Flowing Area : Maharashtra, Telangana, Andra Pradesh
● Tributary : Pranhita, Indravati, Manjira, Venganga, Usur, Sabri, Talperu, Bagh Guvel etc.
● Note :
○ River Krishna and River Godawari together forms krishna:Godavari delta which is second Largest delta
of India.
○ Godavari and Mahanadi drainage system get seperated by the Telen valley
○ Polavaram dam on Godavari River is a disputed between Chhattisgarh, Telangana and Andrapradesh.
Godawari River
Shabri River Bagh River Taalperu River Indravati River
Rivers confluening from north Rivers confluencing from south

i) Kotri River i) Chintawagu River
ii) Nibra River ii) Dankini River
iii) Gudra River iii) Shankhini River
iv) Bordig River
v) Narangi River
vi) Bhavardig River
Main Tributaries of Godawari :

1. Shabri River (173 km.) :
● Ancient Name : Kolab
● Origin : Sinkram Series (Koraput, Odisha)
● Confluence : Godavari (Kunavaram Godawari)
● Flowing area : Bastar, Sukma
● Tributary : Kanger (Tributary of Kanger:Mungabahar), Pottero Malengar (Origin – Bailadila
hills)
● Project : Shabri project (Odisha), Polavaram project (Chhattisgarh+Andra Pradesh + Odisha)
● Note :
○ This river flows through the boundary of Chhattisgarh and Orissa. (CG Vyapam (E.cham)2016)
○ Only river of state which provides water transportation facility from Konta to Kunavaram (36 km).
This provides transportation through steamer and boat. (CGPSC (ADVHS)2013)
○ There is a natural habbitant of crocodile situated in Bhaisadarha in River Kanger.
○ Tirathgargh waterfall in located in River mungabahar.
2. Bagh River :
● Origin : Kuljhari hill (Rajnandgaon)
● Confluence : Venganga (Balaghat, M.P.)
● Note : It forms the boundary of Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra and at the
end it merges to Venganga tributary of Godavari.
3. Talperu River :
● Another Name : Murelu River, Talpiyar
● Origin : Nandiraj peak, Bailadila hill (Dantewada)
● Confluence : Bijapur (In Chita River)
● Tributary River : Chitavagu/Chitalnar
● Flowing Area : Dantewada, Bijapur
4. Indravati River (264 km.) : “Life line of Bastar”
● Ancient Name : Mandakini (CGPSC () 2016)
● Origin : Munger hills (Kalahandi, Odisha)
● Confluence : Godavari (Bundaries of Telangana + CG + Maharashtra)
● Total length : 308 km.
● Flowing region in Chhattisgarh : Bastar, Dantewada, Bijapur
● Towns on River Bank : Jagdalpur, Barsur (Dantewada) Bhopalpattnam
● Project : Bodhghat (Dantewada)
● Detail :
○ The Indravati River originates from the 5000:feet:high Munger hill at Rampur Thuamul in Kalahandi
district, Odisha. It enters Bastar flowing westwards, forms Chitrakut waterfall 40 km from Jagdalpur
and flows through Dantewada enters in Bijapur district. (CG Vyapam (AMIN) 2017, (RDP) (ROS)
2017)
○ The river joins the Godavari River at Border (confluence) of Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and
Telangana near Bhadrakali. After this, Godavari river enters Telangana.
Tributaries of River Indravati :
Rivers Merge from the North :
i. Kotri River (135 km.) : “Largest Tributary of River Indravati”
○ Ancient Name : Paralkot
○ Origin : Mohala Tehsil (Rajnandgaon)
○ Confluence : Indravati (On the Boundary of Bijapur and Maharashtra)
○ Flowing Area : Rajnandgaon, Kanker, Maharashtra
○ Tributary River : Khandi River
○ Origin : Bhansuli (Kanker)
ii. Nibra River :
○ Another Name : Naibharat
○ Origin : Antagarh (Narayanpur)
○ Confluence : Indravati near Bhairamgarh
○ Flowing area : Sonpur, Behramad
iii. Gudra River :
○ Origin : Abujhmad hill (Narayanpur)
○ Confluence : Indravati (Near Barsur)
○ Flowing Area : Narayanpur, Bijapur, Dantewada
iv. Bording :
○ Origin : Kondagaon
○ Confluence : Near Bodhghat (Dantewada)
v. Narangi :
○ Origin : Makdi hill (Kondagaon)
○ Confluence : Indravati (Near Chitrakot Waterfall in Bastar)
○ Town on Bank : Kondagaon (CGPSC PRE 2015)
○ Tributary : Markandi River
iv. Bhavarding River :
○ Origin : Kondagaon Tehsil
○ Confluence : Harrakoder
River merges from South :
i. Chintavagu :
○ Another Name : Bhopalpattnam River
○ Origin : Form Plateaus of Kutru:Bijapur
○ Confluence : Bijapur
○ Note : Vagu means stream in Madia dialect and Sita is called Chita or Chinta. It is also knowns
as “Sitadhara". It is a tributary of Talperu.
ii. Dankani River:
○ Origin : Dangri–Dongri (Dantewada)
○ Confluence : Shankhini (In Barsur)
○ Tributary of : Indravati
iii. Shankini River: “Most polluted river of state”
○ Origin : Nandiraj Peak, Bailadila Mountains (Dantewada)
○ Confluence : With Dankini (Near Danteshwari temple, Dantewada)
○ Note :
▪ Due to the washing of Bailadila iron ore in this river, have made waters of this river red.
▪ Temple of Danteshwari Mata is situated at the confluence of Shankini and Dankini rivers.
Name of both these rivers is inspired from the Shakva dharm prevalent in Bastar.
▪ After Dankini:Shankini river meets it is known as river Dantewada.
Other Rivers of South
S.No. River Origin Importance
01 Hinar River Kanker Tributary of Mahanadi
02 Turi River Kashkal (Kanker) Tributary of Mahanadi
03 Hatkul River Keshkal Tributary of Dudh
From waterfall near Handwada a Tributary
04 Goinder River Abujhmad
of Godavari
05 Guvel River Tikanapalli:Golapalli (South Bastar) Tributary of Godavari
06 Usur River Bijapur Merges in Godavari near varangal
07 Sileru River Malkangiri (Odisha) Merges in river shabri near Konta
08 Pottereu River Malkangiri Tributary of Shabri
09 Mander River Near Barsur Tributary of Indravati
10 Berudi River Bailadila Near Kirundul Merges in Indravati near Kutru
Tributary of Indravati : Boroda (Origin:hills
11 Bhawarding River Kondagaon
of Amabeda)
12 Bhasakel Kalahandi Tributary of Indravati
Ganga Drainage System (18,406 km,13.62%)

● Rivers in the northern region of the state merge into river Ganga through the Son River forming Ganga
drainage system. About 13.62% of the total drainage system of the state comes under the Ganga drainage
system, which spreads over an area of about 18,406 km2.
● Slope : Towards North
● Son is the major River of the Ganga drainage system whose tributary flows in northern region of Chhattisgarh.
Sonbhadra / Son River (784 km.)

● Ancient Name : Sohan
● Another Name : Sonbhadra, Hiranyavah
● Origin : Sonmuda, Hills of Amarkantak (M.P.)
● Confluence : Ramnagar (Bihar)
● Flowing area : Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Bihar
● Tributary : Banas, Gopad, Rihand, Kanhar etc.
● Expansion :
○ Son river originates from Sonmuda situated opposite of the Narmada kund in Amarkantak. Then this
river, enters in the Marwahi plateau from north east direction, after its confluence with river Banas and
river Gopad in Madhya Pradesh, Rihand and Kanhar joins it in Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh.
Finally joins river Ganga near Ramnagar a place 16 kms from Dinapur of Patna.
○ Due to the a place color of the sand Son River, glows like gold, hence this river is called Son River.
○ The water originating from the son River meets the Mahi Nala, a tributary of Arpa and Shivnath.
Tributaries of Son River :
Son River
Banas River Gopad River Rihand River Kanhar River
y Lodhar ● Mahan ● Sindur
● Morni ● Galfula
● Gobri ● Penjan
● Surya ● Chenab
1. Banas River :
○ Origin : Manjhtoli hills, Kudia Region, Bharatpur Tehsil (Koriya)
○ Confluence : Son River (Shikarganj, Madhya Pardesh)
○ Flowing Area : Koriya
2. Gopad River :
○ Origin : Northern slope of Sonhut plateau (Koriya)
○ Confluence : Son River (Bardi, Madhya Pradesh)
○ Flowing area : Koriya
○ Towns on the Bank : Hardi Harchouka
○ Tributary River : Lodhar
3. Rihand River (145 km.) :
○ Ancient Name : Renu, Rend
○ Origin : Hills of Churri Matiringa (Sarguja)
○ Confluence : Son River (Ndar Chopan, Sonbhadra Madhya Pradesh)
○ Tributary : Mahan, Morni, Gobri, Surya, Ghunghata
○ Flowing Area : Sarguja, Surajpur, Balrampur
○ Note : Govind Vallabh Pant Sagar/Rihand Birdge is built on this river in Sonabhadra district of Uttar
Pradesh.
4. Kanhar River (115 km.) :
○ Origin : Bakhona peak, Pandrapat, Bagicha Tehsil (Jashpur)
○ Confluence : Son River (Near Chopan, Sonbhadra District)
○ Flowing Area : Jashpur, Balrampur
○ Towns on river bank : Deepadih (Balrampur) Archaeological site
○ Tributary : Sindur, Galfulla, Penjon, Chanan
○ Feature : It enters Uttar Pradesh after forming the boundary between Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand
Bramhani Drainage System (1,394,552,1.03%)
Bramhani River (799 km.)

● Brahmani is a seasonal river. It is formed by the confluence of the South Koyal and the Konch River near
Rourkela. Its major tributary, is Shankh originating from Jharkhand:Chhattisgarh border.
● Confluence of Two Rivers : South Koyal River (Jharkhand) & Shankh River (Jharkhand).
● Shankh River :
○ Origin : From South of Raidih, Gumla District (Jharkhand)
○ Features : This river initially forms a very narrow and deep valley and forms the "Sadni Ghagh waterfalls".
If flows along the border of Jashpur District Rourkela in Odisha and then joins South Koyal river and
becoming river Brahmani.
Narmada Drainage System (743.88 km.2 0.55%)

● This is the smallest river drainage system of state.About 0.55% of water shed area of total Drainage system of
state comes under this, which is wide spread in an area of 743.88 km2.
● The Tada and Banjar rivers of Kabirdham flowing westward join Narmada and forms the Narmada drainage
system.
Other Rivers and their flowing Area :
○ Neyur River - Koriya (It forms the boundary of C.G. & M.P.)
○ Nayani River - Kanker
○ Devdha River - Kanker
○ Fok River - Kawardha
○ Madin River - Narayanpur
○ Kukur River - Narayanpur
○ Jatlur River - Narayanpur
S. S. S.
River Length (km.) River Length (km.) River Length (km.)
No. No. No.
1. Shivnath 290 7. Mand 155 13. Arpa 100
2. Mahanadi 286 8. Rihand 145 14. Pairi 90
3. Indravati 264 9. Kotri 135 15. Jonk 30
4. Kharun 208 10. Lilagar 135 16. Eib 87
5. Hasdeo 176 11. Maniyar 134 17. Tandula 64
6. Shabri 173 12. Kanhar 115 18. Hanf 44
2. Waterfall
The waterfall is formed due to the presence of Hill and plateaus in Chhattisgarh. The Major Waterfalls of
Chhattisgarh :
S.
Waterfall River Special
No.
Balrampur
a Kothli Wateralls Kanhar River Near Dipadih
b Powai Wateralls Chinar/Chenan Height:100 feet (In Semarsot Sanctuary)
01
c Bhedia Patthar Waterfall
d Weinganga Waterfall
e Jheria Waterfall
Sarguja
a Sarbhanja Waterfall In Mand River
b Kundru Ghagh Falls Pingla River
02 c Sedam Waterfall
d Ghunghutta Waterfall Ghunghutta River
e Tiger Point Waterfall
f Fish point
Koriya
a Amritdhara Waterfalls Hasdeo River Manendragarh
b Akurinala Waterfalls Air conditioner of Koriya
03 c Gawar Ghat Waterfalls Hasdeo River
d Ramdaraha Waterfalls Banas River
e Nilkanth Waterfalls In Gurughasidas National Park
f Chyul Waterfalls In Gurughasidas National Park
Surajpur
a Mahan Waterfalls Mahan River
b Sarasore Waterfalls Mahan River
160 km from Ambikpur and near to Chandithan
04
c Raksganda Waterfalls Rihand River
and Balangi (Nalangi)

d Baank Waterfalls
e Tura Waterfalls
Korba
05 a Kendai Waterfalls Kendai River 50 km from Katghora
b Devpahari Waterfalls Churni River Tributary of Hasdeo River
Raigarh
06
a Ramjharna
Jashpur
There is Myth about this waterfall that queen
a Ranidah Waterfalls
committed suicide here
Rajpuri Waterfalls
b
(Bagicha)
c Damera Water Shrinala
07 d Khudiyarani
e Gullu Waterfalls Ib River
f Churri Waterfalls Ib River
In middle of Sulesa of Bagicha development block
g Dangari Waterfalls
and Pandrapat
h Beneprapat
i Danpuri Waterfalls
Mahasamund
08 a Satdev Dhara Waterfalls Balmdei River
b Keshva Waterfalls
Gariyaband
09
a Godna Waterfalls Udyanti River
Janjgir-Champa
10
a Rogada Waterfalls
Kanker
a Malajkundam Falls Dudh River
11 b Charre:Murray Falls Dudh River On Antagardh Amabeda forest road
c Mayna Falls
d Paralkot Falls
Narayanpur
12
a Khursel Waterfall Khursel River
13 Bastar
Niagara of India's (300 feet) widest waterfall of
a Chitrakot Waterfall Indravati River
India
Chhattisgarh's highest waterfall is approximately
b Tirathgarh Waterfall Mungabahar River
(300 feet)
c Kanger stream Waterfall Kanger River
d Chitradhara
In Madurum, 3 km before chitrakot in pujari para
e Mahadev Ghumar
of Mawlibhata, 13 km from Jagdalpur
f Tamda Ghumar Tamda Bhar
g Mandwa (Tokapal)
Mendri Gumar Waterfall
h Matnarnala
(Hathie darha)
i Bhubhuna
Dantewada
Shankhani-Dankini
a Suratgarh Waterfall
River
b Toyarnala
14 c Bodhghat
d Pulpad Indul Waterfall Near Nukulnar
Satdhara–Shivdhara, Shiv Chitradhara,
Satdhara (beautiful as
e Indravati River Krishandhara, Pandavdhara, Bandhar, Bodhdhara
Bhedaghat)
and Kapildhara
Bijapur
a Vogtung Waterfalls Posadapalli Village, Bhopalpatnam
15
b Lankapali Waterfalls
c Handwara Waterfalls
Sukma
a Gupteshwar Waterfall Shabri River
16
b Ranidarha Waterfall Shabri River
c Malger Waterfall Malger River
Kabirdham
17
a Raindarha Waterfall
3. River Project Dam and Anicut
Mahanadi Project
● This is the first irrigation project of Chhattisgarh.
● Started on – 1912–15
● Total Irrigation capacity – 2.64 Lakh Hectare
● Water Reservoir on Mahanadi :
1. Gangrel Dam (Dhamtari)
2. Murumsilli Dam (Dhamtari)
3. Rudri:Pickup Wear (Dhamtari)
4. Dudhawa water reservior (Kanker)
S. Establishment
Water Reservior (Place) River Features
No. year
• Hydropower project started from on
Rudri pickup wear 1990
01 (Dhamtari) It is first 1912–15 Mahandi • Capacity – 0.2 MW
hydroelectric project • Rudri Pickup Wear converted into
Rudri Barrage.
Siliyari River • This is the Asia's First Siphon Dam
Madam Silli or Murumsilli
02 Mahanadi (Tributary of • Built by : Elphiston (II)
dam (Dhamtari)
Mahanadi)
• First dam of state built after indepen-
Dudhawa water reservior
03 1962 Mahanadi dence
(Kanker)
• Longest dam of Bastar region
• Major Dam of Mahanadi project
• Length : 1380 meter
• Longest dam of Chhattisgarh
Gangrel Dam or
• It provides water for Bhilai Steel
04 Ravishankar water 1979 Mahanadi
Plant
reservior
• Hydro electric project started on 2004
• Capacity = 10 MW (2.5 MW×4=10
MW)
Mahanadi Complex :
● It is established in year 1979:80 with the help of world bank.
● Total Irrigation Capacity : 3.40 Lakh Hectare
Year
S. No. Project River Features
Established
Sondhur Project
01 1979–89 Sondhur
(Rechka,Dhamtari)
● Kukda pickupwear is built under this.
02 Sikasar Project (Gariaband) 1972–1995 Pairi River ● Hydro electric production from 2006
● Capacity – 7 MW (3.5 MW × 2)
● Under Mahanadi Complex : Sondhur Dam, Sikasar Dam, Pairi Upper wear, Mahanadi-Pairi linking
canal etc.
Tandula Complex
S. Formation Features
River Project River
No. Year
● First project of Chhattisgarh
● From here, water is provided to Bhilai Steel
01 Tandula Project (Balod) 1913 Tandula
Plant
● Irrigation capacity – 0.87 Lakh hac.
Gondali water reservior ● Tributary river of Tandula river.
02 1956 Juhar River
(Balod)
Kharkhara water reservior Kharkhra ● Completly made from soil
03 1967
(Balod) River ● This water reservoir is called natural Lake.
Khuntaghat/Sanjay Gandhi Project (Bilaspur)

● Place : khuntaghat (Bilaspur)12 km from Ratanpur
● Establishment : 1920–31
● River : Kharang River (Tributary of Arpa River)
Khudiya/Maniyari/Rajivgandhi project (Mungeli)

● Place : Khudiya village Lormi (Mungeli)
● River : Maniyari (Tributary of River Shivnath)
Hasdev Bango/Minimata project (Korba) “First Multipurpose project of Chhattisgarh”

● Place : Bango Village, Machadali (Korba)
● Establishment : 1967 (Construction have been completed in 2012)
● River : Hasdeo River (Tributary of Mahanadi)
● Features :
○ Highest dam of state (87m)
○ Hydro Power Generation started in 1994
○ Largest Hydroclectric project of Chhattisgarh
○ Irrigation Capacity : 4,20,580 Hectare
Kharif : 2,47,400
Rabi : 1,73,180
● Water supply for : NTPC, Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (CSEB), SICL, BPCL, Korba Municipal
Corporation.
● Beneficiary Districts : Korba, Janjgir-Champa, Raigarh
Kodar/Veer Narayan Singh project (Mahasamund)

● Place : Kawajhar village (Mahasamund)
● River : Kodar River (Tributary of Mahanadi)
● Features : Large Irrigation project.
Kelo/Dilip Singh Judev Project (Raigarh)

● Place : Danaut (Raigarh)
● Establishment : Under construction
● River : Kelo (Tributary of Mahanadi)
● Beneficiary districts : Raigarh, Janjgir-Champa
Mongra Barrage (Rajnandgaon)

● Place : Dongargarh (Rajnandgaon)
● River : Shivnath River
Other projects
S. No. Place River Project River Features
01 Koriya Jhumka Jhumka river
Gej
02 Sarguja Kuwarpur Chulhatnala • First project of
Shyam, Hunhuta Ghunghutta River Sarguja
Barnai, Pidiya
03 Surajpur Mahan Project Mahan
04 Kabirdham Kshirpani Fhonk
Sutiyapat Silhati
Beharkhar, Pipriya
Karra Karrunala
Saroda Sakri
05 Bilaspur Arpa bhaisajhar Arpa • Kota Tehsil
Ghonga (1978–92) Ghonghanala • Near Kargi Road
06 Gaurilla-Pendra- Khongsara Arpa River • Aga Mohan village
Marwahi
Kinkari irrigation canal Kinkari canal • Sarangarh Tehsil
07 Mand Project Mand River
Raigarh
Kamhar pakut, Kelo Kelo River
Putka Putka Canal
Dhara, Ruse, Mariyamoti
Rajnandgaon Pipriyanala, Surhi
08 Mohad Shivnath River
Sukhanala Sukhanala • Dongargarh,
Ghumariyanala Ghumarinala Bahmani, Kaneri
• Joshilmati village,
Huliya
09 Mahasamund Jonk diversion project Jonk River • Arjuni Village
10 Kanker Mayna Naini

Paralkot Devdha
11 Bastar Kosarteda Indravati
12 Dantewada Bodhghat multipurpose projct Juhar River • Barsur (proposed)
13 Balod Gondali waterfall Ballar River
14 Balodabazzar Ballar Shivnath River
15 Durg Maroda Khapri Shivnath River
Miscellaneaus :
○ Ayacut development : 1. Hasdev Ayacut, 2. Mahanadi Ayacut
○ National Water Science project with the help of World Bank.
○ Chhattisgarh Irrigation Development Project from Asian Bank.
Inter river linking project
River are being connected with the aim of removing the irrigation crisis in the state :
1. Mananadi + Tandula link project
2. Pairi + Mahanadi link project
3. Rehar + Atem link project
4. Ahiran + Sarang link project
5. Hasdeo + Kevai link project
Completed & Under-Construction Projects (Source : Economic Survey 2019 - 20)

● During state formation, irrigation potential was 13.28 lakh hectares in the state through 3 Large, 29 medium
and 1945 minor irrigation schemes, it has been increased to 20.88 lakh hectares (till March 2018) :
Project During Completed Under
Formation Construction
• Major Project 03 08 04
1. Sondhur water reservior project
2. Arpa Bhaisajhar project
3. Kelo project
4. Rajiv Samoda Nisda Diversion project
• Medium Project 29 37 01
• Minor Project 1945 2395 369
• Anicut/Stopdam 718 145
• Waterwells 30 01
Irrigation Capacity 13.28 Lac 20.99 Lac

Hectares Hectares
Note :
1. Major Project : Project with irrigation potential of more than10,000 Hectare
2. Medium Project : Project with irrigation potential between 2,000 – 10,000 Hectare
3. Minor Project : Project with irrigation potential less than 2,000 Hectare
● 4 out of 6 proposed barrage projects have been completed till now.
1) Samoda, Riapur
2) Mirauni, Janjgir-Champa
3) Shivrinarayan, Janjgir-Champa (Under construction)
4) Kalma, Janjgir-Champa
5) Saradih, Janjgir-Champa (Under Construction)
6) Basantpur, Janjgir-Champa
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana
● Capacity : 42,625 Hectare
● Under PMKSY, 99 projects have been identified by the Government of India, out of which Chhattisgarh
has 3 major projects :
1. Kelo project (Raigarh)
2. Kharang project (Bilaspur)
3. Maniyari irrigation (Mungeli)
9.2 Forest, Wildlife & Sanctuareis

1. Forest
● Chhattisgarh is famous at international level because of its dense and diverse forest wealth and wild life.
● According to 2017 state forest status report :
○ Total Area of Chhattisgarh – 1,35,192 km2
○ Total forest area of Chhattisgarh – 59,772 km2
○ Percentage of forest area as compared to area of Chhattisgarh – 44.21%
○ Chhattisgarh's forest area as compared to total forest area – 12.26%
● According to commissioner Land Records :
Subject On the basis of 27 district On the basis of 18 district
Area Max. 1) Narayanpur 2) Bijapur Sarguja
Min. 1) Durg 2) Bemetra Janjgir-Champa
In percentage Max. Narayanpur (92%) Dantewada
Min. Durg, Bemetra (0%) Janjgir-Champa
Density Max. Dantewada
Min. Janjgir-Champa
According to ISFR 19 (Dehradun)

● Total forest area in Chhattisgarh – 59,772 km2
● Percent of forest area – 44.21%
○ Forest cover – 55610.57 km2 (41.14%)
○ Tree Cover – 4248 km2 (3.14%)
○ Percentage of Chhattisgarh forest as compared to total forest in India – 7.40%
○ Chhattisgarh's in 3rd Rank on the basis of forest area in Chhattisgarh :
1. Madhya Pradesh (77414 km2)
2. Arunachal Pradesh (66964 km2)
3. Chhattisgarh (55547 km2)
● Per person forest & trees cover – 0.232 Hectare
● From bio-geographical point of view, Chhattisgarh is included in the Deccan bio-region.
S. Forest cover (based on 18 districts) Percentage
No. Max. Min. Max. Min.
1. Sarguja Janjgir-Champa Narayanpur Janjgir-Champa
2. Bijapur Durg Bijapur Durg
3. Dantewada Mahasamund Koriya Mahasamund
Forestry sector participation in gross state domestic product
Year 2017–18 (P) 2018–19 (Q) 2019–20 (A)
Contribution 669349 664873 670109
Increase 1.60 -0.67 0.79
share 3.28 3.04 2.91
Chhattisgarh's forest area in percent (as per 27 districts)
S. District Reserved Protected Other Revenue Total Forest Total Geographical Percentage
No. Forest Area Area
Chhattisgarh 24372.17 20036.50 502.16 18401.91 63312.74 137898.36 44.21%
1 Narayanpur 780.02 5425.80 0 179.00 6384.82 6922.68 92%
2 Bijapur 1845.26 0 0 3116.95 4962.21 6552.96 76%
3 Korba 0 2831.14 0 1883.98 4715.12 7145.44 66%
4 Kondogaon 1986.80 379.10 0 1750.35 4116.25 6050.73 68%
5 Koriya 2000.61 1528.13 0 468.83 3997.57 5977.70 67%
6 Gariyaband 663.57 1802.15 502.16 920.34 3888.22 5854.94 66%
7 Sukma 1964.25 143.89 0 1421.97 3530.11 5635.79 63%
8 Balrampur 899.78 1310.48 0 736.51 2946.77 6016.34 49%
9 Kanker 1585.98 278.25 0 925.55 2789.78 6432.68 43%
10 Rajnandgaon 941.79 665.02 0 983.03 2589.84 8022.52 32%
11 Surguja 223.96 1044.80 0 1124.67 2393.43 5019.80 48%
12 Surajpur 1257.23 953.83 0 149.32 2360.38 4998.26 47%
13 Jashpur 1147.70 588.08 0 567.77 2303.55 6457.41 36%
14 Bilaspur 0 1072.44 0 1111.92 2184.36 5818.49 38%
15 Dhamtari 1913.66 69.22 0 82.07 2064.95 4081.93 51%
16 Raigarh 1477.76 0 0 584.38 2062.14 6527.74 32%
17 Kabirdham 710.58 927.74 0 256.09 1894.41 4447.05 43%
18 Dantewada 1082.70 63.45 0 353.90 1500.05 3410.50 44%
19 Mahasamund 761.43 340.56 0 304.82 1406.81 4963.01 28%
20 Balodabazar 1079.91 3.20 0 250.53 1333.64 4676.97 29%
21 Mungeli 1110.94 0 0 19.44 1130.38 2750.36 41%
22 Balod 605.32 112.94 0 259.70 977.96 3527.00 28%
23 Janjgir 309.39 485.00 0 97.50 891.89 4466.74 20%
24 Bastar 1084 1128 0 836.58 8587 4052.15 21%
25 Raipur 12.69 0 0 16.71 29.40 2914.37 1%
26 Durg 0 0 0 0 0 2319.99 0
27 Bemetara 0 0 0 0 0 2854.81 0
Classification of Forest
There are 3 division of forest in Chhattisgarh :
1) On the basis of administration
2) On the basis of species
3) On Natural basis
Classification of Forest
On the basis of administration On the basis of species On Natural basis
Reserved Conserved unclassified

Forest Forest Forest Tropical dry Tropical wet
decidous forest decidous forest
(51.65%) (47.69%)
Sal(Shorea Teak(Tectona Mixed

Robusta) grandis) • Bija (Pterocarpus Marsupium)
• Saja (Terminelia Tomentosa)
• Dhawra (Anogeissus latifolia)
• Mahua (Madhuca longifolia)
1. On the Basis of Administrative Management (According to Economic Survey 2019-20)
S.
Division Area (km2) % Peculiar
No.
1 Reserved Forest 25,782.17 43.13% • This region is reserved protection for Environment,
Biodiversity and wildlife.
• Unauthorized entry is prohibited and there is ban
on cutting wood and grazing activities.
• Reserved Forest - National Parks and Sanctuaries.
2 Protected Forest 24,036.10 40.22%
• Local residents are allowed for limited consumption
of minor forest produce, timber pasto ralactivities
under the supervision of the administration.
3 Open Forest 9,954.13 16.65% • It is under the control of forest Revenue Department
• Unclassified forest- open town & village
Note : According to ISFR-19 Chhattisgarh is having 3 National Parks and 11 Sanctuaries having a total
geographical area of 4.93%
2. On the Basis of species
● Average yearly Rainfall in Chhattisgarh is 120–135 cm.Hence, Tropical humid deciduous forest is
found in this Region, sal forests are found in the northern and southern regions where as in plains of
Chhattisgarh Mix forest are found. In the Maikal area and other few regions teak forests are expanded.
i) Sal forest (Scientific Name– Shorea Robusta, 40.56%) :
○ Area : 24,244 km2
○ Percenatage : 40.56%
○ It is found in almost every part of Chhattisgarh.
○ It is state tree of Chhattisgarh.
○ Bastar is also known as Island of Sal forest. Sky high Sal trees of Komalnar and Mangnar in
Bastar are similar to the Sal trees of low land of Nepal.
○ High Quality of Sal trees are found in Keshkal valley (Kondagaon) in Chhattisgrh.
○ Expansion : Koriya, Sarguja, Jashpur, Korba, Gariyaband, Bilaspur, East & Middle Bastar etc.
ii) Teak forest (Scientific Name– Tectona grandis, 9.42%) :
○ Area : 5633 km2
○ Percentage : 9.42%
○ In Chhattisgarh, Teak forests are scattered in few regions.
○ Second and Third grade teak trees are found here.
○ Teak forests of Narayanpur near Khursel valley are similar to the teak forest of Burma.
○ Expansion : Raigarh, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Kwardha, Narayanpur, Bijapur & Konta etc.
iii) Mixed forest (43.52%) :
○ Expansion : 26,012 km2
○ Percentage : 43.52%
○ Mixed forests is expanded throughout the Chhattisgarh, This forest consist of several varities
of trees and shrubs.
○ Mixed Forests - Mango, Peepal, Banyan, Tamarind, Bell, Kusum, Pallas, Saja, Bija, Ber, Tinsa
Mahua etc.
○ Expansion : Koriya, Jaspur, Sarangarh, Raipur, Mahasamund, Durg etc.
According to Economic Survey 2019 :
Forest In Percentage Forest In percentage
Reserved 43.13 Mix. 43.52
Protected 40.22 Sal 40.56
Unclassifies 16.65 Teak 9.42
3. On Natural Basis
● Passage of the Tropic of cancer throught northern districts made climate of state Tropical in nature.
● In Chhattisgarh 10 different vairities of forest are found which are further divided in following categories:
1) Tropical wet decidous forest (47.69%)
2) Tropical dry decidous forest (51.65%)
S. No. Tropical wet decidous forest (47.69%) Tropical dry decidous forest (51.65%)
1 Average yearly Rainfall : 100–150 cm. Average yearly Rainfall : 75–100 cm.
2 These forests are expanded in Northern & These forests are expanded in plains of Chhattisgarh
Southern part of Chhattisgarh
3 Only forest product can be obtained from Forest products as well as wood can be obtained from
these forest these forests
4 Ex. : Sal & Teak forest Ex. : Mixed forest
Forest Administration and Institute in Chhattisgarh

Forest Administration Unit :
Department Head Name of Department
Forest Minister Forest Department
Principal Secretary Secretariat
Principal Chief Conservaton of forest (PCCF) State Forest Development Corporation (1)
Chief Conservator of Forest (CCF) Forest Circle (6)

(Sarguja, Raipur, Bilaspur, Durg, Kanker, Bastar)
Divisional Forest Officer (DFO)
Forest divsion (34)
Sub Divisional Forest Officer (SDFO)
Sub forest divion (82)
Ranger
Assistant forest range (320)
Deputy Ranger
Forest Beat (872)
Forest guard
Forest range (3287)
Other Fact :
Name of forest Directorate Building- Aranya Bhavan
1. Work planning forest circle – 01
2. Industrial forest project division – 02
3. Regional forest circle – 06
4. Forest project Board – 08
5. Research, working plan Board – 08
6. Regional forest Board – 36
Regional Administrative Units & Institutions
● In May 2001, Chhattisgarh forest Development Corporation was established. Forest development corporation
is responsible for the sustainable development of forest in Chhattisgarh.
● On 17th March 2013 Chhattisgarh forest Research & Training Center was formed at Raipur.
● Total forest area of Chhattisgarh is divided into six forest circles, which in further subdivided into 36 forest
divisions. Each forest circles consist of two or more than two forest divisions :
S. Name of forest circle Types of forests Sum (area sq km)
No. Reserved Protected Unclassified
1 Bilaspur Forest Circle 4,178.169 5,358.671 3,883.457 13,420.297 (Largest forest circle)
2 Bastar Forest Circle 3,742.124 6,405.978 2,138.280 12,286.382
3 Surguja Forest Circle 4,474.293 7,709.972 – 12,184.265
4 Kanker Forest Circle 3,717.127 2,201.022 2,283.534 8,201.683
5 Raipur Forest Circle 4,721.790 2,880.082 1,039.420 8,041.279
6 Durg Forest Circle 2,284.810 2,744.230 609.430 5,638.470 (Smallest forest circle)
Total forest area 59,772.376
Other facts : Dhamtari is proposed as new forest circle of state.
Forest Training Center
● Ranger Training Center – Jagdalpur
● Forest Gaurd Training Center – 1) Sakti (Janjgir-Champa),
2) Mahasmund and
3) Jagdalpur
● Forest Research & Training Center – Raipur
● Regional forest Research Center – Bilaspur, Raipur, Jagdalpur
● Bamboo Marketing Center – Raipur (2010 formed in 2010)
● Honey processing Center – Bilaspur, Jashpur, Bhanupratappur and Kawardha
● New forest school – 1) Ambikapur (Sarguja),
2) Kawardha,
3) Bhanuprtapur (Kanker)
● Chhattisgarh Environment – Raipur
● conservation Board
● Rajiv memorial forest development – Bilaspur, Raipur
Chhattisgarh State Forest Development Corporation
● Formation : May 2001
● Headquarter : Raipur
● Under this, Industrial Project Division (Bilaspur) was formed : September 2001
● Main objectives :
○ Conservation of forest resources, Development & sustainable management.
○ In order to improve the environment; Promotion and falicitation of plantation activities.
○ Improving in social & economic condition of villagers in bordering tribal dominated areas of forest by
generating.
Chhattisgarh Herbal State
● Formation – 4 July 2001
● Objective – To conserve and enhance the rich biodiversity and bio-medicinal plants of state through
scientific methods
● Exclusive – Note
○ In the monsoon season of 2017, Home Herbal Gardens were established in 08 forest divisions of Raipur,
Dhamtari, Kabirdham, Surguja, Bastar, Kanker, South Kondagaon and Marwahi Vanamandal.
○ Herbal Garden – Dhamtari forest Division
Kondagaon forest Division
Narayanpur (under progress)
○ Interpretation Center : Bastar forest (Lamni park)
○ Herbal Market : Under Dhamtari forest division
○ Medicinal plants processing center : Sankara (Under progress)
Chhattisgarh State Medicinal Plant Board
● Formation : 28 July 2004
● Head : Chief Minister
● Objective : For policy making and coordination among various institutions related to the conservation,
promotion, harmless utilization of forest products.
Other Organisations
S. No. Organisation Place Objective
1 Forest Research center 1. Bilaspur
2. Raipur
3. Jagdalpur
2 Chhattisgarh Biodiversity Board (2006)
Head : Forest Minister
3 Chhattisgarh state enviromnent Headquater :
conservation Board Bhilai
4 CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation • Formation for rectification of
Fund Management and Planning damage forest conservation &
Authority) promotion.
(From bifurcation of MPMFPS founded
on 1984)
5 Chhattisgarh state minor forest produce • To Encourage Marketing
(2000) of miror forest proudce,
(Trading & Development Cooperative collection, Research
federation Ltd.) • Storage work – Primary forest
produce through government
socities
6 Rajiv memorial forest 1. Raipur
2. Bilaspur
7 Tamarind Market Jagdalpur (Bastar)
8 Cashew-nut & Kosa Research Center Jagdalpur (Bastar)
Forest Properties of Chhattisgarh

A vivid forest product is obtained from dense forest of Chhattisgarh. Which is divided into two categeries :
Forest Products
Major forest products Small & Minor forest products

1. Sal or Sarai 1. Bamboo
2. Teak 2. Tendupatta
3. Sheesam 3. Tamarind
4. Saja 4. Mahua
5. Bija 5. Gum
6. Khair (Kattha) 6. Harra, Lakh, Chirongi, Babul, Baheda etc
Major forest products :

○ The main wooden products are firewood and Timber.
○ There are 13 such species in the country, out of which 6 species are found in Chhattisgarh :
1) Sal (Shorea Robusta)
2) Teak (Tectona grandis)
3) Shisham (Dalbergia)
4) Saja (Terminelia Tomentosa)
5) Bija (Cpterocarpus Marsupiur)
6) Khair (Cpterocarpus Marsupiur)
Minor forest products :
○ Minor forest products : Bamboo, Tendupatta, Tamarind etc
○ Storage : Primary minor forest product committee & forest product
○ Determination of Prices : Apex Committee (Director-Collector)
Forest wealth of Chhattisgarh State :
1) Bamboo :
● Bamboo is found in almost every region of Chhattisgarh. Mosty Male Bamboo (Male Bamboo
Demdrocalamus strictus)are found in Chhattisgarh. Naturally grown bamboos like Katang bamboo
(Bambusa arundinacia), Newton (Bambusanutons & Dohna (Dendrocalamus longispathus) is
found is Sarguja forest division. 80 species of bamboos alone is found in Bastar division out of most
species of bamboos in Chhattisgarh. But according to the survey of S.S.R. Banet & Gaur Survey
in 1971 it has been Identified that only 9 species of Bamboos while according to Bisen & Ujjaini
(T.F.R.I Jabalpur 1996) Only 10 species of bamboo is identified.
● Bamboos species found in Chhattisgarh are as follows :
S. Species Name Flowering Cycle Area/Forest Division
No. Native Name Botanical Name
1 Male Bamboo, Dendrocalamus 25–45 years In whole Chhattisgarh
Lathi Bamboo strictus
2 Dohna bamboo, Dendrocalamus unrecorded Usally obtained in South Sarguja, Shan-
Chati Longispathus kargarh forest circle especially in Raipur
and Kusmi Range.
3 Flute Bam- Dendrocalamus 19–20 years Manjhkot, Jagdalpur Range (Bastar)
boos Membranaceus
4 Cotting & Bambusa bambos 25–36 years Whole Sarguja
Kata Bamboo (arundinacca)
5 Bambusa unrecorded It if found in Antagarh, Khursel valley,
polymorpha Narayanpur, Abujhmad of Bastar.
6 Water Bam- Bambusa burmanica 30–32 years It is found in Jagdalpur range, Indravati
boo park, Chitrakot etc.
7 ––––– Bambusa tulda 30–36 years Narayanpur from Kanker, Bijapur, An-
tagarh, Khursel valley in Koylibeda, Gud-
abela, Chindbhat etc.
8 Ropa Bam- Bambusa nutans 35 year Raipur, Udaypur, Lakhanpur, Shankar-
boos garh, Bhanupratappur under Sarguja dis-
trict and It is expanded in Korba from
Kendai range to Mongra. It is found in
Kunkuri, Jashpur, Pratapur of Pathalgaon.
It is also found Kanker, Keshkal Dantewa-
da.
9 Orange Bam- Cephalostachyum 35–60 years Found in Narayanpur and Khursel Valley
boo pergracile
10 ––––– Gigantochloa 7–16 years Dantewada, Bhopalpatnam (In South Bas-
nigrociliata tar)
Note :
○ Bamboo Marketing Center is established in Raipur in 2010.
○ Total Bamboo forest area is expanded in 6556 km2. Which is 12% share in forest product revenue.
○ Bamboo hold 20% share in forest product. revenue.
2) Tendu leaves :
● This is major forest produce from Chhattisgarh.
● Most of Tendu leaves are found in Sarguja and Bastar. Tendu leaves of Bastar are declared as highest
quality tenduleaves of India.
● Collection of tendu leaves starts in May and it is used to make beedi. (local cigarettes)
● Chhattisgarh holds 17% share of Tendupatta production of India.
● Tendupatta Conservation Act was formed in 1964.
● According to Tendupatta act 1989. Procurement of Tendu Leaves is done by government commit-
ties.
● Janshri Insurance scheme is started for Tendupatta collectors.
● in 2018, 1800 Rs. for per standard sack is increased to 2500 Rs. for per standard sack. At present it
is 4000 Rs. for per standard sack (Per standard sack = 50,000 leaves)
● to encourage the Tendupatta collectors, In 2006 free footwears were distributed to them.
3) Gum :
● According to act 1989, Procurement of Gum is done by government committies.
● Kullu Gum one of the species of Gum is Banned. There is no royalty provided for the collection of
too.
4) Kattha (Catechu) :
● Khair trees are used for manufacturing of Katthas.
● It is majorly found in Sarguja, forest circles of Sarguja, Bilaspur and Bastar. But it mostly conserved
in Sarguja.
● Chief Kattha processing unit Sarguja wood products is Located in Ambikapur.
● Traditional processing Kattha is preformed by Khairwar tribes on Khair tree.
5) Lac :
● Lac is obtained from trees of Berries, Arhar palash, Ghotu, Kusum etc.
● These trees are found in areas of Raigarh, Bilaspur, Sarguja.
● Lac is majorly used for manufacturing of Bangles, Showpices, Toys, Chemicals and for medicinal
purposes.
● Lac Processing Center : Jashpur, Rajnandgaon
6) Mahua :
● This is used for manufacturing of Alcohol, Ink and Paint.
7) Ratanjot :
● Biodiesal is obtained from Ratanjot.
Other facts :
○ On the basis of species, Sequence of Chhattisgarh forest are as follows :
1) Mixed forest (43.52%)
2) Sal forest (40.56%)
3) Teak forest (9.42%)
4) Bamboo (8.11%)
○ Major Tendu leaves producing districts are : 1) Sarguja 2) Bastar
○ Share of Chhattisgarh is Tendu leaves production : 17%
○ Total bamboo revenve share of Chhattisgarh : 12%
○ Bamboo share in Minor forest produce revenue in Chhattisgarh : 20%
○ Rank of Chhattisgarh Lac production : Second (1st = Jharkhand)
2. Wildlife & Sanctuaries
● Various species of wild animals are found in Chhattisgarh, majorly Wildbuffalo, Tiger, Leopard, deer, Deer,
Spotted deer, Peacock, Bear, Pig, Monkey, Bulls etc.
● In his travel memories, Cunningham mentions the abundance of elehpants in forest of Podi uproda and
Matin region of Korba districts, which were seen crossing the Hasdeo river in herd.
● 03 national parks, 11 sanctuaries and 01 biosphere reserve area are in Chhattisgarh for wildlife conservation..
● Kanger valley has been declared as Asia's first bio-diversity part, but it has been abolished and Achanakmar
is decteared as the 14th Biosphere Reserve in 2005.
● Indian Wildlife Conservation act – 1972
Tiger population in National park and Sanctuaries
National Park Sanctuaries
i) Indravati : 07 i) Achankmar : 28
ii) Gurughasidas : 02 ii) Udyanti : 05
iii) Bhoramdev : 04
Other fact : According to the 2010 census the number of tigers in the country was 1076, which has been
increased by 30% to 2226 in 2014 In Chhattisgarh too, the number of tigers has increased from 26 to 46 during
2010 to 2014.
National Parks & Sanctuaries

● Area under National park and sanctuaries : 6506 km2.
From which, Area under National parks : 2929 km2.
● Area under Sanctuaries : 3577 km2.
Which is 11% of total forest area of the state : 11%
National Parks
● There are 03 National parks in Chhattisgarh, which are as following :
1. Indravati National Park
2. Gurughasidas National Park
3. Kangar valley National Park
1. Indravati National Park : “State's First National Park”

○ Foundation year : 1978 (Status of National park– 1982)
○ District : Bijapur
○ Total Area : 1258 km2
○ “First National Park of Chhattisgarh”
○ This was the only national in Chhattisgarh declared as project tiger in 1983 and in 2009, It is declared
as Tiger Reserve.The population of tigers found here is much higher as compared to the other national
parks in state.
○ Major Animals: Wildbuffalo, Tiger, Blue Bull, Monkey, Boar, Peacock, Reindeer, spotted dear, four
horned Antelope etc.
○ Kuturu game Sanctuaries is situated in this National Park. Which is called as "House of Wildbuffalos".
○ Wild buffalos are conserved here.
○ Indravati river flows through this National Park.
2. Guru Ghasidas National Park : “State's Biggest National Park”

○ Formation Year : 1981
○ Ancient Name : Sanjay Gandhi National Park (District-Sidhi, was a part of Madhya Pradesh,
Name changed from 2001)
○ District : Koriya
○ “Biggest National Park of Chhattisgarh”
○ Major Animal : Tiger, Blue Bull, Leopard, Baboon, Spotted dear, cheetal, Mou-hill maina etc.
○ In 2001 it’s named was changed from Sanjay Gandhi National Park to Gurughasidas National Park.
○ At present, Centeral Government has declared this to developed as Tiger reserve.
○ Gopad River and Neyur River is flows through this area.
○ Tourist place : Caves of Aamapani Sidh baba, caves of Gangirani Mata, Neyur River, Chyul
waterfall etc
3. Kangervalley National Park : “State's Smallest National Park”

○ Establishment : 22 July 1982
○ District : Bastar
○ “Smallest National Park of Chhattisgarh”
○ Hill Maina is mainly conserved here.
○ Here are the ancient caves of Kutumsar, where blind fishes are found.
○ The Kanger River flows in the middle of the Kanger Valley and here is a natural conservation of croco-
diles is done in a place called Bhainsadaraha.
○ Major Animal : Hill Maina, Wild buffalo, flying squirrel, rhesus Monkey
(Discovery of RH factor), spotted deer, Leopardetc.
○ On Munagabahar river Tirathgargh waterfall (Highest Waterfall of Chhattisgarh) is situated.
○ Other places under Kanger Valley: Kailash Caves, Dandak cave, Kanker Karpen cave, Titali (Butterfly)
park, Devgiri cave, sheet caves, Gupteshwar cave, Kanger waterfall etc.
○ In 1982 it was declared as Asia's first Biosphere reserve. But at present it does not hold that status.
Sanctuaries
Total Sancturies in Chhattisgarh :
S. Sanctuaries Formatin Place Area Major Tourist Places
No. year (km2) Animals
1. Sitanadi 1974 Dhamtari 559 Leopards • Name Inspired from Sitanadi(river)
(Oldest) • (Udyanti & Sitanadi) Tiger project
: 2006
• In 2009 Declared as Tiger Reserve.
• In its one end Sodhur water reserv-
ior is situated.
2. Achanakmar 1975 Mungeli 553 Tiger • This is India's 14th Biosphere re-
serve
• In 2009 Declared as Tiger Reserve
• Maniyari river flows in middle of it.
• Bararpani waterfall
• White Bear is found in Marwahi
forest.
• In 2008, here mouse Deer was seen
3. Baldalkhol 1975 Jashpur 105 Tiger, • Kailash Caves
(Smallest) Leopard
4. Gomarda 1975 Raigarh 278 Asiatic
wild Dog
5. Baranwapara 1976 Mahasamund 245 Snake • Balamdei river flows in middle of it
• Turturaiya, Ashram, Devdhara,
Waterfall etc.
6. Samarsot 1978 Balrampur 430 Nilgai • Powai waterfall, Tatapani, Chitama-
da, Parevadah.
7. Tamor Pigla 1978 Surajpur 608 Nilgai • Raksaganda waterfall, Bongach-
(Largest) pather, Ghat-Pendari
8. Bharamgarh 1983 Bijapur 139 Lion,

Leopard
9. Bhoramdev 2001 Kawardha 163 • Maikal series is situated.
(Newest) • Declared as Tiger Reserve in 2017
10. Udyanti 1983 Gariyaband 230 Wild • Tiger project in 2006, Tiger Reserve
Buffalos in 2009.
• Udyanti river is flows in middle of it
which forms Gowdna waterfall.
11 Pamed 1983 Bijapur 262 • It is surrounded by five Mountains
namely Metagundam, Koragutta,
Balrajgutta, Kotapalli, Doligutta.
• Talpuru river and Chintavagu river
flows through it.
Tiger Reserve & Project
S. No. Name Project Tiger Tiger Reserve

1 Indravati 1983 2009
2 Udyanti + Sitanadi 2006 2009
3 Achanakmar 2006 2009
4 Gurughasidas National Park 2019
Some Major Park
S. No. Park Place Formation Peculiar

1 Maitribagh Bhilai 1955–56 • Oldest Zoo of Chhattisgarh
• Founded as symbol of friendship between
India & Russia
2 Indira Marvahi forest 1975
divison, Pendra
3 Kanan Pandari Sakri, Bilaspur 1975 • Mini Zoo
4 Nandan Van Tatibandh, Raipur • Mini Zoo (16 km from Raipur)
• Largest Zoo of Chhattisgarh
5 Rajiv Memorial Raipur & Bilaspur
forest
6 Jungle Safari Naya Raipur • Area-202.87 hectare

Village – Tuta • Asias biggest Man made jungle safari
• 52-acre Khandwa reservoir with
Nandanvan mini bird house is built here.
Projects
1) Ashadeep Project :
○ The Ashadeep Project has been started for the conservation of the endangered state animal wild buffalo.
○ There are only nine wild buffalos in state, of which, Eight are being conserved in Udyanti - Sitanadi
Sanctuary and one is being conserved at Jungle-Safari.
○ In Baranwapara a particular area is being reserved at which, 5 wild buffalos from assam will be kept.
2) Jamvant Project :
○ Launch year : 2014
○ Area : Marwahi, Katghora, Menendragarh, Koriya.
○ Population of Bear in state is 3000 and for their conservation Jamvant project has been launched.
3) Gajraj Project :
○ Lunch year : 2014
○ Execution Area : jashpur, Balrampur, Sarguja, Raigarh, Korba, Surajpur, Dharamjaigarh.
○ This project covers the few areas of chotta Nagpur plateaus of Jharkhand and C.G.
○ In 11 june 2011. 1443 Km2 area of land has been declared under elephant conservation which includes
areas, Tomarpingla, Badalkhol and semarsot.
4) Crocodile conservation Area :
○ Kotmi sonar (2006-07) : Artificially developed park in Jangir-Champa district in (2006-07).
○ Crocodile is naturally found and conserved at a place named Bhaisdarha of kanger river in Bastar dis-
trict.
○ Jatlur River : Crocodile is naturally found in near Muramvada of in Jutlur river in Narayanpur district.
5) Gidhwa Bird sanctuary Nandghat (Bemetara) :
○ First Bird sanctuary which is developed for Migratory Birds.
○ Second Bird sanctuary is Rahangi Bird sanctuary of Bilaspur.
6) Butterfly Park (Bastar) :
○ Only Butterfly Park which is developed at Kangervalley National park.
7) Cow sanctuaries :
○ According to Gokul Mission scheme of central government, two areas of state will be developed as cow
sanctuaries :
1) Jhalam (Bemetra)
2) Bilaspur (declared)
8) Richariya Bird Research Center :
○ Lunch : Date 17 October 2014
○ Place : Indira Gandhi Agricultural University
○ Note : It is named after famous agricultural scientist of C. G. late Dr. R. H. Richariya.
9) Natural Kosa Sanctuary :
○ Place : Kureha-Rakhi Village (Naya Raipur)
○ Proposed : 1) First Bird sanctuary – Gidhwa (Bemetra)
2) Marine fossil park – koriya
Other facts : 1) Harihar chhattisgarh Yojna – 2010

2) Hariyarli prasar Yojna – 2005-06
3) Free footwear distribution scheme.-2006
9.3 Minerals
Minerals
Chhattisgarh is one of the formost mineral rich state in the country. Twenty eight known varieties of mineral
are found in the state including precious stones and Diamonds, Iron are, Coal, Limestone, Dolomite, Tin are,
Bauxite and Gold. Chhattisgarh is having India's only active tin mine (in Bastar district) and one of worlds best
quality of iron are deposits in the world (at Bailadila in Dantewada district). The stat has high potential for mining
good quality of diamonds.
● Contribution of mineral sector to the state's gross domestic : 26,958 Crore (estimated)
product (fixed price) in the year 2019–20 (advance)
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh state in country's major minral : 9.3%
first in revenue Generation in year 2017-18
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh state in major mineral revenue For : 9.6%
the production year (2016-17) is
● 14032 meters of drilling work was done by CMDC for certification of mineral bauxite deposits in the
financial year 2017-18.
● Rank of Chhattisgarh on the basis of mineral production : 5th
1) Offshore Area
2) Odisha
3) Jharkhand
4) Rajasthan
5) Chhattisgarh
● Rank of Chhattisgarh on the basis of mineral Storage : 3rd
1) Odisha
2) Jharkhand
3) Chhattisgarh
● As per their availability, Minerals in Chhattisgarh are classified into two parts.
Classification of Minerals
Major Minerals (94%) Minor Minerals (6%)

1. Coal 1. Fireclay
2. Iron 2. Laterite clayey material
3. Lime Stone 3. Dolomite
4. Other 4. Quartz
5. Quartzite etc.
Revenue income (crore Rs.)
year Mineral Revenue
2014–15 3572.68
2015–16 3709.57
2016–17 4141.47
2017–18 4911.41
2018–19 6110.25
Details of Deposition and production of major minerals at all India level
S. Name of As of 11 April 2013 All India level production under the year 2017–18
No. Mineral Storage at all india level
In million In Rank In Thousand In Percentage Rank Value
tons Percentage Tons
1 Coal 54,912 17.91% 3rd 1,42,510 21.00% 1st —
2 Iron 4031 19.59% 3rd 34,546 17.19% 2nd 23.78
3 Limestone 8959 4.84% 5th 36,352 10.74% 4th 11.13
4 Bauxite 168 4.49% 4th 25,58,453 11.47% 4th 13.67
5 Tin 30 35.83% 1st 16,758 100% 1st 100.00
6 Dolomite 919 11.37% 3rd — — — —
contribution of Mining and Quarrying Sector in Gross State Domestic Product (Fixed Price 2011–12)
Statistics 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18(P) 2018–19 (Q) 2019-20 (A)
Participation (Lakh) 2008586 2200011 2352636 2556447 2695767
Increase (Percent) –4.79 9.53 6.94 8.66 5.45
Share (Percent) 11.14 11.27 11.52 11.70 11.72
Major mineral production, Chhattisgarh and India 2019-20 (April 18 - February 19)
Major Mineral Chhattisgarhh India Percent of contribution
Production Value (lakh) Production Value (lakh) Production Value
Coal (000 ton) 142592 – 638497 – 22.33
Iron ore (000 ton) 30430 859883.39 187602 4107660.57 16.22 20.93
Lime stone (000 ton) 38480 83545.24 343681 769075.00 11.91 10.86
Bauxite (000 ton) 1369280 13989.26 21852258 156358.47 6.26 8.94
Tin (kg.) 19410 126.79 19410 126.79 100 100
Other Major Minerals 13166 94800460 29404985 657728455 0.04 14.41
Total 95758005 662761676 15.66
Source : Indian Bureau of Mines
Value of total mineral production (in crore)
Year Chhattisgarh India % Of contribution
2012–13 18401 233321 7.9
2013–14 19566 225660 8.7
2014–15 19416 236554 8.2
2015–16 19213 234171 8.2
2016–17 22743 237730 9.6
2017–18 9184 58638 15.66
Year wise details of production of major mineral (thousand tons)
Main Mineral 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018-19*
Coal 130605 139722 142514 161896
Iron ore 26718 31068 34856 35220
Limestone 27667 31919 35154 41796
Bauxite 1991 1954 1901 1502
Tin (kg.) 13541 12120 16757 20053
Description of production and value of minor minerals
Type of 2015–16 Production 2016–17 Production 2017–18 Production 2018–19 Production
Mineral Quantity Price Quantity Price Quantity Price Quantity Price
(ton) (Lakh) (ton) (Lakh) (ton) (Lakh) (ton) (Lakh)
Stone 5646990 19764.47 3754172 13139.62 4339209 15187.24 4310776 13765.68
Soil 1165293 2097.53 767648 1381.78 780588 1405.06 1710734 3763.61
Muroom 3544738 6380.53 5143334 9258.00 7134384 12841.89 5509403 12120.69
Floor stone 470559 941.12 301822 603.54 175504 351.01 214757 633.53
Granite (g) 292 7.30 1279 31.92 1609 40.18 888 26.61
Limestone 13264591 46426.07 9722328 34028.17 11813753 27171.63 11050829 42545.68

Dolomite 3228186 12105.70 2739546 10273.30 3120026 11700.10 4283177 17313.55
Quartz 52167 224.31
Quartzite 30429 311.89
Revenue in last 5 years (Rs. Lakh)
Year 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018-19
Major Minerals
Coal 186709.23 195654.85 236289.79 271350.59
Limestone 21742.33 25237.90 31307.81 34433.27
Iron ore 82276.92 82994.13 129085.81 183769.52
Bauxite 3344.70 3284.49 4717.27 2948.71
Soapstone 0 0 0 0
Molding sand 7.18 8.36 3.29 3.05
White clays 0 0 0 0
Ocher/China Clays 0 0 0 0
Tin Ore 5.24 7.81 15.83 13.82
Graphite 0 0 0 0
Vanelladium 400 0 0 0
Miscellaneous income 0.30 1.28 0 76.13
Total 294485.90 307188.82 401419.88 492595.09
Growth –11.88 4.31 30.68 22.71
Minor minerals
Limestone 10611.67 7777.86 9451.00 8840.66
stone 3780.66 2513.42 2905.10 3635.00
Floor stone 315.04 202.07 117.50 167.51
soil 158.48 104.40 106.16 581.65
Mroom 404.10 586.34 813.32 1570.18
The sand 6.03 0.53 5.11 2.69
Granite 4.38 19.18 24.14 17.74
Dolomite 2421.14 2054.66 2340.02 3944.86
Quartz and Quartzite 74.99 49.96 71.63 89.55
Fire clay 0.75 1.91 4.25 11.25
Miscellaneous income 6530.23 5197.00 5550.46 11225.05
Total 24307.47 18507.33 21388.69 30086.14
Growth 12.14 –23.86 15.57 40.66
Amount received from 50177.85 86302.52 66281.54 85571.01
auction
fines 1063.13 1144.11 1124.23 1522.03
Miscellaneous Receipts 922.53 1004.50 927.11 949.27
Total revenue 370956.88 414147.28 491141.37 611023.54
Major Mineral Deposits in Chhattisgarh
S. Name of Mineral Unit Total Reserves in Total Reserves Chhattisgarh's
No. the country in Chhattisgarh Percentage in
the country
1 Coal Million tons 306596 54912 17.91
2 Iron ore (hematite) Million tons 20575 4031 19.59
3 Limestone (all category) Million tons 184935 8959 4.84
4 Dolomite Million tons 8085 919 11.37
5 Bauxite Million tons 3739 168 4.49
6 tin ore Million tons 83.72 30 35.83
Tin metal tons 102275 15487 15.14
7 Quartzite Million tons 1251 27 2.16
8 Quartz and silica sand Million tons 3499 9 0.26
9 Fluorite Million tons 18 0.55 3.06
10 Diamond लाख कै रेट 319 13 4.07
11 Fire clay Million tons 714 21 2.94
12 Kaolin (china clay) Million tons 2705 15 0.55
13 Corundum tons 267816 885 0.33
14 Gold and (primary) Million tons 494 5 1.01
Gold Metal (Primary) tons 640 5.51 0.83
15 Garnet Million tons 57 0.03 0.05
16 Talc / steatite Million tons 269 0.11 0.04
17 Granite लाख घन मीटर 46230 50 0.11
18 Marble Million tons 1931 83 4.30
Major Minerals of Chhattisgarh
S. No. District Minerals
1 Raipur Limestone
2 Balodabazar Limestone, dolomite, gold
3 Gariaband Garnet, Diamond, Alexandrite (iron ore and manganese available in Micro
quantities)
4 Durg Limestone, Molding sand, Quartzite
5 Balod Iron ore
6 Bemetra Limestone, Dolomite, Quartzite
7 Rajnandgaon Limestone, iron ore, fluorite, clay, quartz / silica sand (gold and lead are
available in micro quantities)
8 Kabirdham Bauxite, Limestone, Iron Ore, Soapstone
9 Dhamtari Clay and Agate available in micro quantities
10 Mahasamund Gold, quartzite, iron ore, limestone (Mercury and fluorite available in micro
quantities)
11 Jagdalpur Limestone, dolomite, bauxite, quartzite
12 Narayanpur Iron ore
13 Kanker Bauxite (Gold and Quartz available in micro quantities)
14 Kondagaon Bauxite
15 Dantewada Iron Ore, Tin Ore (Lepidolite, Galena and Quartz available in micro quantities)
16 Bijapur Corundum, bauxite (garnet and copper ore available in micro quantities)
17 Sukma Quartz, limestone, tin, corundum (Galena sillimanite, baryl etc. available in
micro quantities)
18 Bilaspur Limestone, Dolomite
19 Gaurela-Pendra- Limestone
-Marwahi
20 Mungeli Limestone, Dolomite
21 Janjgir Limestone, Dolomite
22 Korba Coal (mica and fire clay available in micro quantities)
23 Surguja Coal, Bauxite (lead, mica and limestone available in micro quantities)
24 Surajpur Coal (mica and fire clay available in micro quantities)
25 Balrampur Coal, Bauxite (Graphite and Asbestos available in micro quantities)
26 Koriya Coal
27 Raigadh Coal, Dolomite, Limestone and Quartzite
28 Jashpur Gold, Bauxite (Beryl and Garnet available in micro quantities)
Coal (Black Diamond)

● Coal is obtained from Gondwana rock series expanded in northern part of Chhattisgarh. bituminous and
some lignite coal are found here. Approx deposition of coal in state is 54,912 millon tonn.
● Contribution of Coal in Mineral Revenue Income : Coal is holds the Highest share.
● Chhattisgarh's contribution in the coal of the country : Deposition Percentage (17.91%, Rank; 3rd)
Production, (2017-2018 : 21% )
(Till February 2019-22.33%)
● Minning-by SECL (Headquater of South East coal region : Bilaspur
● Largest mechanized coal mines of India : Mukundghat (Korba)
● Largest underground coal mine of Chhattisgarh' : Korba
● Coal found in hasdeo valley : Rampur coal
● Hasdev valley is popular for coal mines.
● Semi --Coking coal region in Chhattisgarh : Sonhat (Koriya)
● Industries Based on coal : Thermal Power Plant.
● Highest coal production : Korba, Raigarh, Koriya.
● Top coal possessing district in the state : Raigarh, Korba, Surajpur
S. Coal Availability
No. Regions
1. Koriya Sonhat, Chirmiri, Jhagrakhand, Jhilmili, Sohagpur, Hill of Kurasia, Manendragarh,
Baikunthpur, Sendurgarh
2. Surajpur Ramkola, Vishrampur.
3. Balrampur Tatapani, Tara, Shankargarh, Oriya.
4. Surguja Lakhanpur, Sodia, Gotan, Birjupali, Sedu (Hasdo-coal field), five sisters.
5. Korba Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda, Mukundghat, Manikpur, Korba.
6. Raigadh Dharamjaigarh, Gharghoda, Mandaghati, Bark Region, Kharsia, Raigad, Tamnar,
Kudumkela, Garepalma, Jampali.
Iron Ore
● Iron ore is found in Chhattisgarh under Dharwad rock group mainly under rocks of Precambrian age.
● Iron is generally obtained from 4 types of ores :
1. Magnetite (most iron)
2. Hematite
3. Limonite
4. Siderite
● Iron is obtained from hematite ore In Chhattisgarh.
● Contribution to Mineral Revenue : 23.78% of the total income of the country
● Industries Based on iron : Steel Plant
Contribution of Chhattisgarh's iron ore in country :
1. Deposition Percentage : 19.59 % (Fifth part of total iron of India)
2. Deposition Rank : 3rd
3. Production : 17.19% (2017–2018),
16.22% (till February 2019)
4. Place of Production : 2nd
● Mining : By NMDC (National Mineral Development Corporation Headquarters-Dantewada).
● Dantewada : Source of purest form of irron are in state Bailadila. A Maharatna Company NMDC is carrying
out mining activities here and is being exported to Japan from part of vizag.
● First plant of NMDC was established in Kirandul (1968), second Bacheli (1980), and third Bailadila
(1988).
● Largest mechanized iron ore mining of India is situaded at Bailadila (Dantewada).
● There are three main iron ore region in Dandakaranya iron ore region :
1) Bailadila Region (Dantewada)
2) Raoghat, Chargaon, Hill of Kondapakha (Kanker)
3) Chhote Dongar Region (Narayanpur)
S. No. Iron ore Availability
1. Kawbirrdham Eklama, Chelliklama and Chilfighati
2. Rajnandgaon Boriatibbu, Nachania, Khara
3. Balod Dallirajhara, Daundilohara, Dulki [CG Vyapam (Chemist) 2017]
(Iron ore is provided to Bhilai Steel Plant)
4. Kanker Raoghat, Aridongri, Bhanupratappur, Chargaon, Metabodali, Hahaladdi,
Charama, Kolamsar
5. Narayanpur Chhote donger
6. Dantewada • Bailadila (purest iron ore), Malegar region [CG Vyapam (Patwari) 2017]
• Kirandul, Bacheli
• Bailadila is India’s largest mechanized mines. [CGPSC (Lib.) 2014]
• District rich in iron ore deposit - Dantewada. [CG Vyapam (FI) 2013]
Note : Depositin Region : Bailadila> Raoghat> Eklama> Dallirajhara
Lime Stone
● In the plains of Chhattisgarh (Mahanadi Basin), limestone of cement grade is found abundantly in the
Kaddapa rock Group.
● Limestone is used for manufacturing of lime, cement industries and iron plant.
● Most of the cement companies are situated in Balodabazar and Raipur.
● Chhattisgarh's contribution to total limestone revenue income of the country : 11.13%
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh to the country's limestone :–
1. Deposition percentage : 4.8%
2. Deposition Rank : 5th
3. Production percentage : 10.74% (2017–2018)
11.19% (till February 2019)
4. Production rank : 4th
S. No. Limestone Region Availability
1. Bilaspur Chilhati
2. Raigardh Kharsia, Sarangarh, Joganpali, Gudeli, Wanipathar
3. Mungeli Bhakuridih, Khamhardih, Sonpuri, Chorha Bundeli, Chhatan
4. Janjgir-Champa Arasmeta, Akaltara, Baradwar, Dabhra, Mudpar
5. Kabirdham Ranjitpur, Nawapara-Dongaria, Sahaspur-Lohara, Patpar
6. Balodabazar Jhipan-Karhi, Rwan, Hirami, Kukridih, Sonadih, Basin, Amalidih
7. Ripur Tilda, Manthar, Baikund, Kesla, Siliari, Nahardih-Machaipur
8. Rajnandgaon Bhatagaon-Charbatha, Machanpur, Tekapar-Kalkasa
9. Durg Nandini Khundini, Jamul-Patharia, Semaria, Acholi
10. Bemetra Matra-gota, chhotwani-acholi
11. Bastar Manjidongri, Devarapal, Junagarh, Chapka, Raikot, Alnar
12. Sukma Gangla, Pakela, Naikaras, Rokel, Bagulaghat
Note : Highest production of limestone - Balodabazar (Jhipan-Karhi). [CGPSC (Pre) 2015]
Dolomite
● Dolomite is obtained from Kadappa rock series expanded in the plains of state. It is basically calcium and
magnesium ore.
● Chemical Formula : CaCO3.MgCO3
● When the percentage of magnesium is more than 10% than it is called dolomite and when this percentage is
more than 45% then it is called pure dolomite.
● Uses : Steel Plants (Highest), Fertilizer industries, Rubber industries For manufacture of Refractory bricks
Etc.
● Share of Chhattisgarh Dolomite production in country :
1. Deposition percentage : 11.24%
2. Production : 39.20% (2016–17) (Rank in India)
S. No. Region Availability
1. Bilaspur Hirri, Belpan, Dhuma
2. Janjgir-Champa Chitapadaria, Baradwar, Sakti, Madanpur, Dabhra, Champa
3. Raigardh Katangpali, Bharadih
4. Balodabazar Bhatapara, Patpar, Tikulia, Dhanauli, Garadih
5. Bemetra Kodwa, mohabhatta, Patpar
6. Baster Tiruch-machkot, Jeeragaon, Kumhali, Dokripakhna
Bauxite
● Bauxite is obtained from deccan trap stones of Chhattisgarh.
● This is an aluminum ore in which percentage of aluminum is more than 40%.
● Use : Bauxite is chief source of aluminum.
● Production : Bauxite production in the state-BALCO
[Its mining is done by Chhattisgarh Mineral Development Corporation (CMDC) and Hindalco]
● Contribution in Revenue - Chhattisgarh holds ashare of 13.67% of the country.
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh in Bauxite Production in country :
1. Diposition percentage : 4.4%
2. Production : 11.47% (2017–2018)
: 6.26% (till February 2019)
S. No. Region Availability

1. Balrampur Jamirpat, Jarangpat, Samaripat, Tatijaria
2. Surguja Mainpat, Parata Mountains, Dandakesara, Sapnand, Nagarand, Kudari Dih
3. Jashpur Pandrapat, Khudia, Datunpali, Jashpurpat
4. Raigarh Kindha region
5. Korba Putka-hills, Pawankheda- hills, Kerala Mountains, Tarandul
6. Kabirdham Bodai - Daldali
7. Kanker Near Antagarh-Keshkal region
8. Bastar Asna, Tarapur
9. Kondagaon Keshkal, Kudarwahi, Chherabhara, Budhayamari
Note : Deposition: Khudiya> Kudaridih> Sapnadand> Nagardand
Tin Ore
● Tin is mainly obtained from cassiterite ore. The atomic number of this element is 50.
● Usage :
1. For alloy production.
2. For Appling anti rusting coat on iron.
3. In weapons manufacturing.
● Chhattisgarh is only state which produces Tin in India.
● Mining : CMDC
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh: Total tin revenue income of 100% country.
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh in tin ore to country :
1. Deposition percentage: 35.83%
2. Production : 100%
– Chhattisgarh is only tin producing state.
– Chhattisgarh ranks 1st in India in tin production.
● Mining :
○ Tin Research Center : Raipur (This research center is established by BARC)
○ In Chhattisgarh Mineral Development Corporation (CMDC)is responsible for tin production.
S.No. Center Availability
1. Dantewada • Bacheli, Katekalyan (max deposit), Teknar, Tongpal, Padapur, Padampur.
• It ranks first in tin production & deposition.
2. Sukma • Govindpal, Mundpal, Chittalanar, Konta, Berikupali, Chiurwara, Kachhiras
Note : Deposition – Katekalyan> Tongpal> Bacheli> Padapur
Diamond
● Rock : Diamond is obtained from kimberlite rocks.
● Extension : Expanded in Gariyaband and Bastar district.
● Contribution of Chhattisgarh in Diamond production of country :
– Deposition Percentage – 13 Lakhs caret (4.07%) (2017-18).
– As of 2009, Chhattisgarh's contribution to diamond reserves was 28.02 percent.
● Mining : Chhattisgarh minerals Development corporation (CMDC)
● Diamond is an Allotrop of carbon which works on phenonmenon of total Internal Reflection. In this each
carbon atom is forms strong covalent bond with four other carbon atoms. Therefore it is considered as
hardest element on earth.
● Colour of pure diamond is white, after adding impurities in it, it's colour can be converted to red, Blue,
yellow and Black.
● CMDC is working on the developments of diamonds in the state.
● Diamonds are found in Kimberlite stones, the following are the six kimberlite pipelines in Gariyaband
district of Tehsil; Mainpur :
○ Behridih
○ Payalikhand
○ Jangra
○ Kodomali
○ Kusumbuda
○ Behradih Temples are marked in the areas
Availibility
1. Gariaband - Behradih, Payalikhand, Kodomali, Kosambuda, Jangra and Temple Area, Kusumpura.
2. It is found in Tokapal region of Bastar district.
3. The diamonds will be exploited at Saraipali (Mahasamund) by the National Mineral Development
Corporation and Chhattisgarh State Mineral Development Corporation.
Alexandrite
● It is a rare and precious metal.
● In addition to the Siberia region of Russia, this mineral is only found in Sendumuda, Latapara region of
Devbhog tehsil of Chhattisgarh in India. It is called as 'Cursed gem' by poor.
● It is also known as “Natural diamond”.
Graphite
● It is a allotrope of carbon. Graphite word is inspired from Greek word “Grepho” which means “I write” that
means it is used to make marks on paper.
● Region : 1. Balrampur : Girwani, Manikpur, Kishanpura, Gaurenga
2. Sukma : Keralapal
Granite
● Granite is an igneous rock whose main components are feldspar and quartz.
1. Kanker : Kanharpuri, Narharpur
2. Kondagaon : Farasgaon
3. Dantewada : Bhusaras Region
4. Sukma : Errabor
Garnet
● Garnet belongs to the silicate group of minerals. Whose chemical formula is (Sio3). Several types of garnet
are found and all of them have similar physical properties and crystal form but their chemical structures are
different.
● It is used in abrasive industries and jeweleries.
S.No. Region Availability
1. Gariyaband Devbhog, Gohekla, Dhupkot, Latapara, Kenduvan
2. Bijapur Kuchanur
3. Jashpur Besanpur
Mica
● Mica is often found in igneous rocks. It is a complex silicate compound in which alkaline substances like
potassium, sodium and lithium is found.
● With the effect of sunlight and wind, sometimes silicate minerals are set and converted into mica.
● Mica is used for wire cutting tin in electric power region.
● It is good conductor of electricity and bad conductor of heat. That is why it is used in press plates (iron).
1. Bastar Darbha Valley (Golapally)
2. Sukma Jhirmaghati
3. Jashpur
Apart from this, Ratkhandi (Korba), Pendri (Surajpur), Kalikapur (Surguja)
Uranium
● It is a Shiny White Colored atomic mineral.
● This is heaviest element present in nature
● Region: Rajnandgaon : Bhandaritola
Surajpur : Pratapur
● And recently in Raigarh.
Fluorite
● Florite has a special property - fluorescence.
● It Glows like glass.
● It is used to flush out sewage in ceramic industry, hydrochloric manufactuing and Iron Industry.
● Region: Mahasamund : Churakuta, Kukurmutta, Ghatkachar
Rajnandgaon : Chandidongri, Kevrapani, Lamtidongri
Quartzite
● It is an oxide of silicon; it is mainly used in quartz industry.
● Region : Rajnandgaon : Amlidih, Bortalab
Mahasamund : Parasapani, Saletarai
Jagdalpur : Dilmili
Mungeli : Kanchanpur
Raigad : Urdn-Rampur Region
Manganese
● It is a chemical element which does not found in free state rather it is found in combined form with different
elements (mainly iron compounds). It is found in oxides of Dharwad rocks. It is a main ingredient for man-
ufacturing steel and mixed ferro manganese.
● Uses : for manufacturing dry cell, as salts in photography, textile industries, leather and match industries, to
colour glass pottery, and for manufacturing of paint and colored bricks.
1. Janjgir-Champa Mulmula, Sendra, Mulihatona
2. Gariaband Chura, Parsoli
3. Baster
4. Bilaspur Kariyamunda, Kori, Gorkhona
Corundum
● Corundum is a crystalline form of aluminum. Oxide which comes for it's hardenability
● It is used as gem.
● It is a transparent metal, but after adding impurities to it, it can produce different colours.
Red colored corundum : Ruby (due to the presence of chromium)
Blue Corundum : Sapphire
Pink-Orange Corundum : Padparadscha Sapphires
● Bastar district, is having two industries established for cutting/polishing of corundum.
● Corundum deposition in Sukma and Bijapur region is nearly around 885 ton. Which is 0.33% of the total
storage of the country.
● Availability : Bijapur : Bhopalpatnam, Dampaya, Kuchnur, Usur, Dhangol
Sukma (18 ton) : Sonacukanar, Nagaras.
Gold
● It is shiny yellow coloured metal which is used for manufacturing of Jewelaries, coins etc.
● Approx. gold deposition in stae is 0.15 metric ton. Which is 1.01% of total deposition of country.
● In following three rivers gold particulars are found in Chhattisgarh :
1) Ib River (Jashpur)
2) Shabari River (Sukma)
3) Amor River (Durg)
4) Sand in Kolab river
● Availability :
Jashpur : Tapkara - Barjor region (25 kg alluvial gold reserves)
Raigarh : Sonjharia, Tuta
Mahasamund : Rehtikhol, Limuaguda
Rajnandgaon : Tappa, Peepalakadar, Kudikasa
Balodabazar : Sonakhan, Rajadevari (2780 kg certified deposition),
Baghmara (Acquired by Vedanta group during auction)
Kanker : Sonadehi, Michgaon
Dantewada : Kutkut
Other Minerals
1) Copper : Bijapur (Gilgicha, Modenar, ettepal) and north of Ambikapur
2) Beryl : Kunkuri, Berikupali (Sukma),
Chikudapalli and Mundpal (Bijapur)
3) Lead : Mahasamund (Khursi hills, Rampur, Bijrabhata)
Rajnandgaon (Chicholi, Kotrapani, Karamatra) Sukma
Dantewada (Jhirka, Bijam)
Surguja (Bhalai)
4) Galena : Jagdalpur, Surguja
5) Silver : Rajnandgaon (Bagh River Region)
6) Fireclay : Koriya (Vishrampur, Vampura, Nagapara)
Korba (Godipur, Gopalpur)
7) Kaolin : Rajnandgaon
8) Marble : Sukma
9) Mineral oil : Tatapani (Balrampur), Manendragarh (Korea)
10) Fluorite : Rajnandgaon (Chandindongri, Kerwapani, Lamtidongri)
Mahasamund (Makarmutta, Chivarakuta)
11) Fireclay : Surajpur (Bajpur, Vishrampur, Nagpara)
Korba (Bisanpur, Gopalpur)
9.4 Energy Resources

● Energy resources : The resources that are used to generate energy are called energy resources.
● Chhattisgarh has a leading in power generation due to adequate availability of water and coal required for
power production.
● Chhattisgarh also fulfills the electricity requirements of other states like Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra
etc.
● In 2008 Chhattisgarh had been declared as Zero power cut state.
● State is having a total installed capacity of (16,454,42 MW)
Energy Administration
Minister
Principal Secretary
Chhattisgarh State Chhattisgarh Renewable Chhattisgarh state elec- Chhattisgarh Bio Fuel
Electricity Board Energy Development En- tricity Regulatory Development Authority
(CSEB) ergy (CREDA) commission (CSBDA)
(CSERC)
Chhattisgarh state electricity Board (CSEB)
● Establishment : 15 November 2000
● Chairman (CSPDCL Chairman) : Mr. Shailendra Kumar Shukla
● Reorganization : 19 December 2008
● On 19 December 2008, CSEB was divided as five companies :
CSEB
Generation Transmission Distribution Trading Holding
1) Chhattisgarh State Power Generation Company Limited [CSPGCL – EST. 1 Jan, 2009]
2) Chhattisgarh State Power Transmission Company Limited (CSPTCL)
3) Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company Limited (CSPDCL)
4) Chhattisgarh State Power Trading Company Limited (CSPTCL)
5) Chhattisgarh State Power Holding Company Limited (CSPHCL)
● Total installed capacity of CSEB (3224.7MW)
○ Thermal Power Capacity : 3080 MW
○ Hydropower capacity : 138.7 MW
○ Cogeneration Capacity : 6 MW
Chhattisgarh State Power Generation Company Limited

1) Thermal Power House
S. Power House Units Installed Year of operation Peculiar
No. capacity
01 Korba Thermal Power House (East) Presently
• Power House Number 1 (closed) 1958 Total capacity -
• Power House Number 2 4×50 200 1966, 1967, 1968, Korba East - 240
• Power House Number 3 2×120 240 1968 MW
1976, 1981
02 Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee 2×250 500 2007

Power House
03 Hasdeo Thermal Power House 4×210 840 1983–84, 1985–86 Korba West
Korba West
04 Korba West Extension Thermal 1×500 500 2013
Power House
05 Madwa-Tendubhata Thermal 2×500 1000 2015, 2016
Power House
"Atal Thermal Power House"
Total thermal power energy 3080 MW
2) Hydro Power House
01. Minimata Bango HydroPower 3×40 120 1994, 1994, 1995 Hasdeo River
House (Korba)
02. Korba West Mini Hydroelectric 2×0.85 1.7 2003, 2009 Hasdeo River
Power House (Korba)
03. Hydroelectric Power House, 4×2.5 10 2004 Mahanadi
Gangrel (Dhamtari)
04. Hydroelectric Power House, Sikasar 2×3.5 7 2006 Pairi River
(Gariaband)
Total thermal power energy 138.7 MW
3) Cogeneration Plant
Other Bhoramdev Co–Generation 1×6 6 2006 Electricity
(Kawardha) Production from
sugarcane residues.
Total 3224.7
MW
Other fact :
• Korba East Electricity Power House Number 1 was established in 1958 in collaboration with Japan.
• A unit of Korba East Power House No. 2 (4 × 50 = 200) has been Decommissioned as per Central Electricity
Authority CEA-PL-14-38 / 6/2019-PDM.
1. Unit no. 1 - 05.07.17
2. Unit no. 1 - 07.12.17
3. Unit no. 1 - 14.09.18
4. Unit no. 1 - 14.09.18
• Total power generation capacity, November 2000 : 1360 MW
As of September 2019 - 3224.70 MW (137% increase)
Thermal power projects under construction and proposed by CSPGCL
Power Project Place Installed Capability

Under Korba South Thermal electricity Project Korba (2×500 = 1000 MW)
Construction Gunji Bundeli Thermal Power Project Bundeli (Koriya) (2×250 = 500 MW)
CSPGCL Proposed Hydorpower Electricity Project :

● Bodhghat Hydroelectric Project (Dantewada) (4×125 = 500 MW)
● Mattanar Hydroelectric Project (Bastar) (3×20 = 60 MW)
● Kanhar Hydroelectric Project (Balrampur) (2×25 = 50 MW)
● Rehar Hydroelectric Project (Surajpur) (3×32 = 96 MW)
Under : Construction Private Thermal Electricity Power Projects :

● Raigarh Thermal electricity Project (M/s Jindal Power Limited)
● Patadhi Thermal electricity Project (Lanco Amarkantak Power Private Limited)
Contribution of electricity, gas and water supply to the Gross State Domestic Product (constant price 2011-12)
Marketing 2017-18 (P) 2018-19 (Q) 2019-20 (A)

contribution (LAkh rupees) 1918456 2026906 2087992
Increament (percentage) 13.06 5.65 3.01
Share(percentage 9.40 9.28 9.08
Note :
• The power distribution loss in the state has come down from 31.5 percent in the year 2009-10 to 16.6
percent in the year 2018-19.
• The state has electrified its19,567 (100 percent) out of 19,567 (2011 Census) villages as on 2018-19.
Chhattisgarh Renewable energy development agency, Raipur

● Establishment : 25 May 2001
● Headed by : Purandar Mishra
● CREDA : A Government agency dealing with renewable energy and conservation under the Departement of
Energy - for the development of non-conventional and modern energy sources.
● It was formed as “State Nodal” agency by the Chhattisgarh government.
● 'Energy Park' is established by CREDA in Raipur.
1) Solar Energy
2) Solar Energy Policy – 2017–27
3) Chhattisgarh Non conventional Energy Resources
1) Solar Energy :
Following village in which electricity is provided by CREDA :
1. Achanakmar region (Mungeli) : Electricity is being supplied to 17 villages. (Bahmani
village)
2. Bhopalpatnam and Usur region (Bijapur) : 90 villages
3. Tamor Pingla area : 30 villages
2) Solar Energy Policy : 2017–27 :
○ Duration : Active 2017 to March 2027. (Earlier its duration was from 2017–22, which
later was expanded to 2027).
○ Major Provisions : According to new policy, Grid connectivity is provided up to 10 KW roof top,
solar power plant.
: Power at the plant's own consumption and captive consumption within the
state by each solar power power project there is a Waiver of fees.
3) Chhattisgarh Non-conventional energy resources :
S. No. Energy resources Establishment Total capacity (MW) Special
1. Bhoramdev 2006 6 MW Electricity is produced from sugarcane
Co.Generation residues.
(Kawardha)
2. Dhamtari Biomass 2014–15 310 MW Electricity is produced from Rice
Plant residues.At present 14 plants has been
established of 116.5 MW capacity.
3. Geo-thermal Plant 30 MW Due to the source of hot water in
the Tatapani area of Balrampur ). A
contract has been signed between the
State Government and the American
company Geo- Thermal Corp to set
up the country's second geothermal
power unit.
4. Wind energy 1991 First in state established at Government
resources Balod. collage Balod. At present closed.
5. Sardar Vallabhbhai 2017 14 MW Produced from the sugarcane waste.
Patel sugar Industry
Chhattisgarh State Electricity Regulatory Commision

● Director : D.S. Mishra
● CSERC determines the cost of eletricity consumption.
Chhattisgarh Bio–fuel Development Authority, Raipur

● Establishment : 26 January 2005
● Director : Sunil kujur (Chhattisgarh Chief Secretary)
● The main objective of Chhattisgarh Biofuels Development Authority is to ensure the continuous source of
supply of feedstock for biofuel production in the state.
Thermal Power Plants in state established by Centre

National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)
● Former Name : National Thermal Power Nigam.
● Establishment : 1975
● Head-Quarter : Delhi
● Director : Gurdeep Singh
● Total installment Capacity : 50.750
● 1st Established plant : Singrauli (U. P.)
S. Enterprises Year of Capacity Note
No. Establishment (MW)
1. Super Thermal Power 1978–1983 2600 • It is a public undertaking. Coal is supplied to this
center (NTPC) (Jam- (under 5th plant from Gevra mines of Korba and water is
nipali Korba, evia Year Plan) supplied from Hasdev barrage.
estab-lished) • It was established in collaboration with Japan.
• Electricity supply - Bhilai Steel Plant ,Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goa and Gujarat.
2. Super Thermal power 2002–2008 2980 • First project of the country set up by Super
station NTPC, Sipat Critical boiler technology
Bilaspur • Beneficiary States - Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa, Daman & Diu and
Dadar-Nagar Haveli
• Coal (raw material) - from Korba
• Water - Hasdeo Barrage
3. N.S. Power Company, 2001 574 • Joint venture : NTPC + SAIL
Bhilai Durg • Earlier it was established as joint ventures power
plant under Bhaili steel plant.
4. NSPCL, NTPC 2014–2017 4000 • In first stage 1600 MW electricity will be
Sailpower Limited produced.
(Bhilai)
10
Industries in Chhattisgarh
● Industries are divided into three categories in state :

1) Large and medium scale industry.
2) Small scale industry.
3) Subsidiary industry (industries that are based on the product of large scale industries.)
Industries
Large & Medium scale Industry (106) Small Scale & Cottage Industries (332) Subsidiary industry (272)
• Iron ore industry Industries based on Local agriculture, Plastic industry, sponge
• Cement industry forest and mineral. iron industry etc.
• Aluminum industry
• Jute industry
• Fertilizer industry
• Engineering Industry etc
Two complex for Subsidiary industries are being established in the state
SECL Subsidiary Complex Subsidiary Industry Complex

(Sarguja) in NTPC & CSEB (Korba)
Details of manufacturing sector's participation in gross state domestic product (constant price 2011-12)
Detail 2017-18 (P) 2018-19 (Q) 2019-20 (A)
Contribution (Rs. Lakh) 3268997 3358021 3527342

Increase (Percent) 3.17 2.72 5.04
Contribution (Percent) 16.01 15.37 15.34
Industries Established in State
S. Formation Industries Industries Place Details

No. Year established by
the Central
Government
1. 1892 Bengal Nagpur Rajnandgaon • First established industry of State.
Cotton Mill • Shutdown at present.
2. 1900 Bilaspur Railway Bilaspur
Division
3. 1935 Mohan Jute Mill Raigarh • Only jute mill industry of
Chhattisgarh.
4. 1955 Bhilai Steel Plant Bhilai • Under SAIL
5. 1965 Associate Cement Jamul (Durg) • First cement plant of State
Company (ACC)
6. 1965 Bharat Aluminum Korba
Company (BALCO)
7. 1966 Wagon Repair Shop Raipur • Repair of damaged and old railway
(WRS) wagon
8. 1968 National Mineral Kirandul
Development (Dantewada)
Corporation
(NMDC)
9. 1978 National Thermal Korba • First Central Thermal Plant of the
Power Corporation state
Limited (NTPC)
10. 1978 Bharat Refractories Bhilai • Manufacturing fire bricks with the
help of Japan.
11. 1979 Ferroscrap Corporate Bhilai • Established in collaboration with
Limited Harsco Corporation of America.
• Reuse of waste materials produced
during steel making process
12. 1980 NMDC Bacheli
(Dantewada)
13. 1987 South East Coal Field Bilaspur • Under Coal India Limited (CIL)
Limited (SECL)
14. 1988 Jindal Steel Power Raigarh • Largest sponge iron plant in Asia
Limited (O.P. Jindal)
15. 1988 NMDC Bailadila
(Dantewada)
16. 2000 Monnet Ispat and Raigarh
Energy Ltd.
17. 2001 Chhattisgarh Raipur
State Industrial
Development
Corporation
(CSIDC)
18. 2001 Chhattisgarh Raipur
Mineral
Development
Corporation
(CMDC)
19. 2002 Monnet (MIEL) Raipur
20. 2002 NTPC Sipat Bilaspur
21. 2003 South East Central Raipur • 16th Railway zone (highest
Railway (proposed revenue generating zone)
since 1998) • Includes Raipur divisions, Nagpur
divisions and Bilaspur divisions
22. 2008 Nagarnar Steel Plant Bastar
23. 2014 NTPC Pusaur
(Raigarh)
24. 2017 Real Estate Naya Raipur
Regulating
authority (RERA)
Mineral based Industries
(A) Coal Industries
1. South Eastern Coal Fields Limited (SECL)

● Formation Year : 1987
● Place : Bilaspur
● The mining of Coal is done by them.
● Its works under coal India limited (CIL) Kolkata.
● Details : Major products: Aluminum ingot rod, Bars etc.
Balco (Korba) supplied 90% aluminium metal for Agni and Prithivi missile project.
2. National Thermal Power Corporation Limited NTPC
S.No. Plant Place Formation production Capacity (MW)

01. NTPC Korba Korba 1978 –1983 2600
02. NTPC Sipat Bilaspur 2002 –2008 2980
03. NTPC Pusaur (Lara) Raigarh 2014 4000
Total : 9580
(B) Iron Industries
1. Bhilai Steel Plant (Bhilai, Durg)
Industry Formation for Supply of Raw material Details

production
Bhilai 1955–1959 1. Iron Ore - Raoghat • It was founded in collaboration with
Steel Plant 1955 – for Agreement (Kanker) Russia during the second five year plan
(BSP) 1956–61 Manufactur- [But in early years it was (1956-61) and Maitribagh (Bhilai) was
Bhilai ing work provided by Dallirajhara built to symbolize the friendship be-
(Durg) (Balod)] tween Russia and India.
1959 – Work Start-
ed (first Liquid steel 2. Coal - Korba • Rourkela, Durgapur steel plants were
produced) 3. Coking Coal - Jharia, also established along with Bhilai steel
plant.
1961 – First stage Bokaro (Jharkhand)
work completed 1. Rourkela steel plant-with the help
4. Water - Ravi Shankar
of Germany.
1962 - Expansion of reservoir (Dhamtari)
Plant 2. Durgapur steel plant - with the
5. Dolomite - Hirrimines
help of Britain.
(Bilaspur)
3. Bhilai steel plant - with the help of
6. Manganese - Malajkhand
Russia.
(Madhya Pradesh)
All the above three were under
7. Electricity - NTPC
Hindustan Steel Limited but at
(Korba)
present the BSP is under SAIL.
8. Limestone - Nandini
• Bhilai Steel Plant was inaugurated in
Khundini (Durg)
1959 by then President of India Dr. Ra-
jendra Prasad
• 15 percent of India’s total steel is pro-
duced in Chhattisgarh.
• Bhilai Steel Plant is a PSU.
Details :
○ Major Product : Rail line, Railwheels, Hot metals, Wire rod etc.
○ Export :
1. Steel plate – Britain, America, Japan, Italy etc.
2. Commercial steel – Shri lanka, Dubai, Taiwan, Singapore.
3. Rail lines- Malaysia, New zealand, Iran, Turkey, Egypt etc.
○ Bhilai steel plant had established the Jawaharlal Nehru hospital research centre in sector 9 Bhilai.
○ Patronized by BSP : Tijanbai (Pandavani singer)
Late Devdas Banjare (Panthi Singer)
Nelson (Painter)
2. Other Steel Plants of State
1. Nova Sponge and Iron Industry : Dagori (Bilaspur)
2. Jindal Steel Power Ltd. : Raigarh (Largest sponge iron plant of Asia)
3. Monet Steel Plant : Bhupdevpur (Raigarh) and Mandir Hasaud (Raipur)
4. Prakash Sponge Iron : Champa (Janjgir-Champa)
5. Rajinder and Neco : Siltra (Raipur)
6. Aspar Steel Plant : Hiranar (Bastar)
7. Nagarnar Steel Plant : Bastar (Manufactured by NMDC in 2008)
(C) Cement Industries

● Lime stone is majorly found in Cuddapah rocks series, expanded in plains of Chhattisgarh Lime stone is
main ingredient for cement production. That is why most cement factories are seen in central region of
Chhattisgarh.
● There are 7 large scale and several small scale cement industries in state. In which major industries are :
1. Associate Cement Company (ACC) : Jamul Durg
(ACC Cement was first Cement Company / factory of state which was established in 1965.)
2. Lafarge Cement Company - I : Arasmeta (Janjgir-Champa)
3. Lafarge Cement Company - II : Sonadih (Baloda Bazar, 1993)
4. Ultratech Cement Company : Hirmi (Baloda Bazar, 1994)
5. Grasim Cement Company : Ravan (Baloda Bazar)
6. Ambuja Cement Company : Ravaan (Baloda Bazar, 1995)
7. Birla Century Cement Company : Baikunth (Raipur, 1997)
8. Raymond Cement : Gopalpur (Bilaspur, 1983)
9. Shri Cement Company : Baloda Bazar
10. Emami Cement Company : Risda (Baloda Bazar)
11. Kelkar Cement Company : Bhupdevpur (Raigarh)
12. Modi Cement Company : Modi Village (Raigarh)
13. J.K. Cement Company : Raipur
14. Century Cement Company : Baikunth (Raipur)
15. J.K. Laxmi Cement Company : Ahiwara (Durg)
16. JAYPEE Cement Company : Bhilai
17. Jaibajrang Cement Company : Jagdalpur
Note :
○ CCI cement corporation of India limited : CCI -I Mandhar, Raipur and CCI – II Akaltra which is
presently closed.
○ The maximum cement factories are found in Baloda Bazzar. Hence Baloda Bazar district is also known
as “Cement Hub”.
(D) Bauxite Industries
Industry Formation Production Availability of Raw Details

materials
Bharat Aluminum 24 November Starts from 1. Bauxite - Mainpat • It was established with the
Company (BALCO) 1965 1975 (Sarguja) (previously technical help of Hungary and
provided from Putka Russia
hills-Korba) • At present BALCO is a com-
2. Coal – Korba pany of joint venture because
in 2001 the government of
3. Water – Hasdo Bar- India disinested its 51 present
rage (Korba) share in the favour of sterlite
4. Electricity – NTPC company (Vedanta Group)
(Korba) • Bauxite is the major mineral
used in the plant
Forest Based Industries
1. Silk Industry :
● Following varieties of silk are found in Chhattisgarh :
○ Tussar silk : Bastar
○ Rally Silk : Mahanadi Basin
○ Mulberry Silk : Sarguja
○ Eri Silk : Sarguja
Note :
y To encourage silk Industries Chhattisgarh government initiated the project named as “SOIL TO SILK”.
y Champa Raigarh and Korba Region are famous for Kosa silk Clothes is.
y Chhattisgarh Silk Project : In collaboration with Japan Bank for International Co-operative in East
Bilaspur Division.
2. Kosa Industry :
y Kosa insects are cultivated in Arjuni, saja and sal trees.
y Chandrapur (Janjgir) is famous for kosa silk.
y Champa region of Janjgir district is famous for weaving industry.
y Kosa worms farming is practiced in Bastar, Sarguja, Bilaspur, Raigarh, Champa in the state.
3. Katha Industry :
y Katha Industry depends upon khair tree which is collected by khairwar tribes.
y Sarguja wood project, Ambikapur is the only operating katha industry of Chhattisgarh state.
4. Lac Industry :
y Lac is obtained from insects cultivated in palash, kusum and ber(Jujube) trees.
y Use of Lac : Bangles industry, wax, paint, Ornaments.
y Lac industries are majorly found in Dhamtari.
5. Paper Industry :
y Paper is prepared from Bamboo and wooden pulp.
1. Kanoi (Orian) paper mill : Theka (Bilaspur).
2. Brook bon paper mill : Champa
3. Madhyabhart paper mill : Birgahni (Champa)
4. Hanumam Agro limited : Gobra, Navapara (Raipur)
6. Card board Industry :

y Screw Board are made in the Industry.
y Place : Raigarh
7. Bedi Industry :
y Bedi is prepared from tendu leaves.
y Tendu leaf is an important minor forest produce of Chhattisgarh and holds a share of 17% in India.
y Bedi industry : Rajnandgaon, Bilaspur, Bastar.
y Cigarette factory : Durg
8. Plywood and wood cutting Industry :

y Cutting of timber wood is done by saw mill.
y Place : Jagdalpur Dantewada, Kanker, Durg, Rajnandgao etc.
9. Fertilizer Industry :
y B.E.C. fertilizer : Sirgitti (Bilaspur)
y Chitambara chemicals (old name-Dharamji Morarji) : Kumhari, Durg
10. Harra Industry:

y Production : 20-25 thousand tonn (holds a share of 60% of country production)
y Uses : Leather Industry, medical industry and chemical industry.
y Industry center : Raipur, Dhantari
11. Rice Industry :

y Most storage : Dhamtari, Tilda
y Most rice mill in state : Dhamtari (More than 750)
Agricultural Based Industries

Formation
S. No. Industry Name District Details
Year
1. BNC Mill 1892 Rajnandgaon
2. Mohan Jute Mill 1935 Raigarh First and only Jute mill of state.
3. Sugar industry
i) Bhoramdev Sugar March 2003 Ramhepur • First sugar factory of the state.
Factory (Kawardha) • Ethanol and 6 MW Electricity is
produced from molasses by product
of sugercane.
• Sugercane supplies – Kawardha,
Durg, Bilaspur, Rajnandgaon.
ii) Mahamaya Sugar 2007 Kerata (Surajpur) • Production since 2010
Factory
iii) Maa Danteshwari December Karkabhatha (Balod)
Sugar Factory 2009 Bisesra Village, • 14 MW electricity will be produce
iv) Sardar Vallabhbhai 2016 Pandaria (Kawardha) from sugar waste.
Patel Sugar Factory
4. Rice Industry Raipur • Most Rice Mill – Dhamtari
• Total Rice Mill – 750
5. Maida Industry Raipur
6. Oil extraction Ambikapur, Jashpur, Bilaspur, Durg, Kawardha, Raipur, Kanker, Jagdalpur,
Industry Dantewada, Tilda (Raipur) etc.
7. Pulse mill Jashpur, Bilaspur, Janjgir-Champa, Durg, Kawardha, Rajnandgaon, Bhatapara,
Tilda (Raipur), Dhamtari, Dantewada etc.
8. Rice Bran Oil • Several plants are established in Raigarh, Bilaspur, Raipur and Durg in
which oil is extracted from rice husk.
• Oil is extracted from sal seeds in Mahasamund.
Note : The 5th Co-Operative Sugar factroy is to be established at Chandanu (Bemetara)
Other Industries
● First beer plants of Chhattisgarh : Durg
● Cashew Research Center of Chhattisgarh : Bastar
● Matchbox Industry : Bilaspur (Sivakasi of Chhattisgarh)
● Bristol and Panama Cigarette Industry : Raipur
Major Industrial Policy of Chhattisgarh Government

1. Automotive Industry Policy - From 1 November 2012 to 31 October 2017
2. Chhattisgarh Industrial Policy - From 1 November 2014 to 31 October 2019
3. Agriculture and Food Processing Policy - From 1 November 2012 to 31 October 2019
4. Cottage Industries - From 1 November 2016 to 31 October 2021
5. Logistic Park Policy (Chhattisgarh) - From 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2023
Industrial Area in State

● Contribution of manufacturing sector in GDP :
Year 2016–17(P) 2016–17 (Q) 2018–19 (A)
Participation (Lakh) 3660171 3841141 4040133
Share (%) 7.57% 4.94% 5.18%
Increment (%) 18.62% 18.58% 18.49%
● Operated Industrial Policy in Chhattisgarh :
1) Fifth Industrial Policy 2019-24
2) Agricultural and fertilizer processing industries policy 2012-19
3) Automotive policy – 2012-17
4) Chhattisgarh economic sector policy 2010
5) Chhattisgarh closed / sick Industry promotion policy 2016.
Note : Under new industrial policy districts are divided into two parts.
Main points of Industrial Policy 1st November 2019 to 31 October 2024

01. In order to increase employment opportunities in large numbers. Provisions are being made to give more
incentives to fruits, flowers, vegetables and other horticulture processing industries including minor forest
produce and fertilizers processing industries.
02. Along, with the establishment of core sector industries in state, new technology industries will be established
for this, a new high priority category has been created in the Industrial Policy 2019 - 24 which is based on
world class innovative technology such as - robotics, artificial intelligence, aerospace engineering, based
industries like air craft repair have been placed. In the well being of the farmers of the state, refinery of
bio-ethane / ethanol from paddy which is being produced in large quantity from bio fruits, vegetables
and Horticulture product processing in the state have been placed on high priority. Keeping in mark the
economical transportation of the citizen of state, the policy encourages the investment on manufacture of
Batteries used in two wheeler, three wheeler and four wheelers, electric vehicles in on top priority list.
03. In order to give impetus to the industries, the rates of land allotted by the government departments have
been reduced by 30 % and the lease rates is reduced by 1%. Simplification of sub-leasing on free hold of land
processes and other process is being done.
04. For the marketing of products of local industrial units. Large quantities of goods are purchased by government
department, it is being made mandatory for all departments to purchase goods manufactured by local
manufacturers.
05. As per the promise of government for increasing the employment opportunity of the local people of state
the provision are made to provide 100% in unskilled category, 70% in skilled category and 40% employment
in administrative and management category for permanent employment in the industries of the state for
setting industrial investment encouragement under industrial policy 2019-24.
06. The biggest obstacle in exports from the state to foreign countries is unavilability of port. Our government
has announced a facility-transport subsidy to give impetus to this sector, which will provide a new economic
investment incentive for export to the exporting units of the state.
07. To provide pace to industries a new facility is introduced in industrial policy 2019-2024, State Goods and
Services Tax (SGST) has been announced which will speed up the establishment of industries in the state.
08. In the Industrial Policy 2019–24 for the all-round development of the state, all the development blocks of the
state have been categorized into four categories with a view to their backwardness and maximum facilities
have been declared for backward farmers.
09. In the Industrial Policy 2019–24, it has been provided that on the basis of demand, multi-storey industrial
buildings and sheds will be made available and provided by CSIDC for micro and small industries in the
industrial areas of the state.
10. To make the currently effective Single Window system effective, it is being made Seamless & Investor Friendly,
so that all necessary reforms will be made in the administrative structure to ensure timely implementation of
projects.
11. In the state, core sector industries like sponge iron industry, integrated steel plant, thermal power plant, rice
mill industries have been classified as eligible for industrial investment promotion in backward development
blocks of "C" and "D" category. So that the areas of backward development blocks can also have industrial
development.
12. Under the Industrial Award Scheme, provision has also been made for startup category units by increasing
the prize money.
13. Self-help groups and Farmers Producing Organization have also been included in the category of
entrepreneurs / investors for industrial investment promotion.
14. Industrial investment incentives will be provided to MSME service category enterprises by making new
provisions in the Industrial Policy 2019–24.
15. It has been arranged that service activity certificates will be issued to MSME service category enterprises by
the district trade and industry centers so that there is no hindrance in providing incentives provided in this
policy.
16. Industries interested in setting up laboratories for research and development of the state will be promoted
and other essential facilities including land will be made available (equivalent to) service enterprises.
17. Along with the development of industries the protection of the environment is also a priority of the
government. Therefore, all types of polythene bags, plastics, disposable products, packed drinking water etc.
have been categorized as ineligible for industrial investment promotion in the entire state.
18. For the development of the state's handicrafts, weavers and the industries of clay and bronze metal, the
medium of marketing will be made available through the State Stores Purchase Rules Portal (e-MaNe-C).
19. Subsidy will be provided for infrastructure in industrial areas / industrial parks to be set up in the private
areas and the industries to be set up in these cases will be given 10 percent more subsidy than prescribed in
cases related to subsidy and the maximum limit will be 10 percent more..
20. “Be spoken policy” has been introduced for investment more than 100 crores, in mega project and ultra
mega project of non core sector in addition to encouraging the investments to provide incentives.
21. Under this policy, provision has been made to provide interest subsidy on establishment of industry and on
the basis of the category of net SGST blocks :
○ General industries up to 40 to 65 percent, maximum amount at the rate of Rs. 40 lakhs per annum for
maximum 8 years.
○ Priority industries from 50 to 70 percent, up to a maximum of 10 years at the rate of Rs 50 lakh per year.
○ High priority industries up to 11 years at the rate of 50 to 70 percent maximum amount of Rs 55 lakh
per year.
○ Reimbursement of 35 percent to 100 percent net SGST on the basis of block and priority to industries.
22. Provision were made to exempt the electricity bill up to 100% for 7 years from the date of obtaining
production on the to the of backward area Developmental block for small, medium, Large , mega and ultra
mega industries of core sector.
23. Mandi Duty exemption upto five years for new, micro, small, medium and Large units up to maximum of Rs.
2 crore per year.
24. Provision has been made to give maximum interest subsidy, net GAT reimbursement, stamp duty exemption,
electricity duty rebate to the herbal, medicinal and minor forest produce based industries produced in the
state under high priority.
25. While allowing the establishment of the private industrial areas up to 20 acres in Sarguja and Bastar region,
a provision has been made to provide a grant of Rs 4 crore against infrastructural development works.
Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation (CSIDC)
● CSIDC was formed on 16 November 1981 in the undivided Chhattisgarh. It was established after formation
of Chhattisgarh on :
Establishment : April 2001
Chairman : Mr. Chhagan Lal Mundra
Headquarters : Raipur
● "Chhattisgarh State Industrial Corporation Limited" was formed in April 2001 under Chhattisgarh Industrial
Department.
● Duties of the Corporation :
○ Formation of industrial areas and parks.
○ Supply of Raw materials.
○ Operation of Government Industries.
○ To support marketing of small scale industries.
○ Industrial promotion activities in the state.
○ Organization of Rajyotsava in capital of state.
○ Construction of the state pavilion at the India International Trade Fair in New Delhi.
○ Responsibility for providing road, electricity, water and other basic facilities to industrial development
centers.
Industrial Development Area established by CSDIC
In terms of area, Industrial areas in the state areas are classified into 4 parts :
1) Large scale industrial Area (More than 200 Hectare)
2) Medium scale industrial Area (Up to 100-200 Hectare)
3) Small scale industrial Area (Up to 50-100 Hectare)
4) Micro scale industrial Area (Up to 0-50 Hectare)
Classification of Industrial Area

S. No. Industrial Area
1. Large Scale Industrial Area 1. Siltra (Raipur) [Largest in Area]
2. Urla (Raipur) [First Industrial Development Area]
3. Sirgitti (Bilaspur) [Maximum investment]
2. Medium Scale Industrial 1. Borai (Durg)
Area 2. Silpahri (Bilaspur)
3. Bhanpuri (Raipur)
4. Engineering Park Hathkhoj Bhilai
5. Industrial Area Metalpark Raipur
3. Small Scale industrial 1. Mahroom Art, Rajnandgaon District
Sector Area 2. Industrial Area Tifra, Bilaspur
3. Birkoni (IIDC) Mahasamund
4. Nayanpur-Girvaganj (IIDC) Sarguja
5. Foodpark Bagaud, Dhamtari District
6. Lakhanpuri Village, Kanker District
4. Micro Industrial Area 1. Rawanbhatha (Raipur)
2. Amasivani (Raipur)
3. Anjani Pendraroad (Gaurela-Pendra-Marwahi)
4. Harinchapra (IIDC) - (Kabirdham)
5. Industrial Area - Tendua (Raipur)
6. Teknar (IIDC) (Dantewada)
7. Kapan, (IIDC) (Janjgir-Champa)
8. Industrial Area - Baratori Tilda (Raipur)
9. Industrial Area - Gangapur Khurd (Sarguja)
10. Electronic Manufacturing Cluster Village Tuta (New Raipur)
11. Industrial Area - Mahroom Khurd (Rajnandgaon)
12. Industrial Area - Avarethi (Bhatapara)
Note :
• Maximum Developed District in Industries - Durg.
• It is proposed to set up 200 food parts in the state out of which land has been identified in 146 development
blocks. In addition words has been started in setting up food parks at Dhuragaon and Lohandiguda of
Sukma, Jagdalpur.
Establishement of New Small Industrial Area
S.No. Name of District Industrial Area
1. Raigarh Mohapali-Siyarpali
2. Mungeli Khamharia
3. Bilsapur Silpahari
4. Jagdalpur Kalcha
5. Bemetara Khaira
6. Koriya Parasgarhi
7. Janjgir-Champa Baradwar
(IIDC) [Integrated Infrastructure Development Corporation]

● Integrated Infrastructure Development Centers have been established for setting up micro, small scale
industries in the state. For this industry 60% of the establishment cost (maximum grant of 6 crores) will be
provided by the Government of India and the remaining amount will be provided by the State Government.
The nodal agency is CSIDC.
● Integrated Infrastructure Development Center (IIDC) in state :
1) Giravganj-Nayanpur Sarguja
2) Harinchapra Kabirdham
3) Tifra (Sector-D) Bilaspur
4) Kapan Janjgir-Champa
5) Tekanar Dantewada
● Approved Integrated Infrastructure Development Center (IIDC)
1. Khamharia : Mungeli
2. Parasgarhi : Koriya
3. Siyarpali / Mahuapali : Raigarh
● Proposed Integrated Infrastructure Development Center (IIDC)
1. Dhuragaon : Bastar
2. Abhanpur : Raipur
3. Sukma : Sukma
4. Ji-Jamgaon : Dhamtari
Note :
○ Integrated Infrastructure Development Center (IIDC) is being developed at Baratori, Tilda and Tendua
(Raipur).
○ The small Industrial area Gangapur-Khurd (Sarguja) is under progress.
Established/ Proposed Centers / schemes for industrial development
Established :
● Metal Park – The metal park has been set up with the view to provide land to the
(Rawanbhatha, Raipur) Ferrous and Non-Ferrous downstream non-polluting micro and small
industries.
● Engineering Park – The heavy industrial sector area has been developed on 122.618 hectares
(Village-Hathkoj, Bhilai of land for the development of cluster of the engineering product-oriented
(Durg) industries.
● Electronic Manufacturing – The Electronic Manufacturing cluster is being established on 48.56-hectare
Cluster (Naya Raipur) area by CSIDC in Naya Raipur.The cost of this project is 103.88 crores.
● Food Park (Village – Common Facilitation Center for Food Processing Units like Testing
Bagaud, Dhamtari) Laboratory, Warehouse,Group facilities of cold storage, raw material
arrangement, packing, grading, etc. will be available.
Other announced / proposed / popular :
● Food Park – Cold Storage at Tedesara, (Rajnandgaon).
Borai (Durg) for food processing industry (PPP).
Note : It is proposed to set up 200 food parks in the state out of which land has been identified in 34 of 146
development blocks. In addition, the establishment work of the park is under progress in Sukma and village
Dhuragaon, Lohandiguda of Jagdalpur.
● Aluminum Park – Proposed at Village Dodro (Korba), The units related to aluminum products
will be established in this park.
● Food Processing Park – In Public Private Partnership at Indavani, Rajnandgaon, [By CSIDC and
Ramki Infrastructure, Hyderabad].
● Agro Park – Bastar, cold storage and conservation of agricultural products as well as
guidance for agricultural products will be provided.
● Plastic Park – The principle approval was given by the Government of India for the
establishment of Plastic Park in village Khairjhiti (Rajnandgaon). Joint
venture with GP Realities.
● Agro Export Zone – Silatra (Raipur), for export of agricultural products.
● Testing Laboratory – Bhilai - 3500 small scale units will be provided the facility of their product
testing through this laboratory.
● Rice Mill Complex – At Dhamtari and Tilda-Nevra (Raipur), 200 rice mills will be established in
Dhamtari and 100 in Tilda-Nevra.
● Herbal / Medicinal Park – Bagod, Tehsil Kurud, District Dhamtari, in Public Private Partnership
between CSIDC and Ramki Infrastructure Hyderabad.
● Kosa Tussar Silk Complex – It is etablished for the development of the traditional Kosa-Tussar silk trade
in the district of Janjgir-Champa and Raigarh.
● Apparel Park – Bhanpuri, (Raipur); This integrated textile park is developed for the
readymade garment units.
● Handicrafts Complex – 50 units in Jagdalpur will be set up for the development of artistic handicrafts
in Bastar district, mainly for units based on Bell metal crafts and thus
providing profitble employment for tribals.
● Rail Material Complex – For construction of railway materials at Bilaspur.
● Bicycle Complex – Siltra (Raipur); For the construction of cycle parts.
● Software Technology Park – Bhilai (Durg), It is established by the Central Government as one of the
centre of Software Technology Parks of India Society for the development of
software industries.
● IT Park – Naya Raipur.
● Logistic Hub – Naya Raipur.
● Poly Park – Tilda (Raipur), for Polymer (Plastic) Industries.
● Gems & Jewellery (SEZ) – Raipur, A park is being constructed in Raipur for the trade and cutting
of valuable gems and minerals of Chhattisgarh region. In Public Private
Partnership between CSIDC and Ramki Infrastructure, Hyderabad. This
will be the fourth largest gems and Jewellery Park in the country after
Mumbai, Kolkata and Surat.
● Stone Cutting Complex – To streamline the traditional business of flooring stones found here in
Baasin, Rajim (Gariaband) and Ghodari (Mahasamund).
● Inland Container Depot – Established by Warehousing Corporation at Ravanbhata (Raipur).
● Dryport – Establishment of a dryport (Container Freight Station) in the industrial
development center of Urla, Raipur.
Other parks and Complex :

1) Biotech park : Ambikapur (Sarguja – first in state)
2) Traffic Park : Lagra (Bilaspur)
3) Science Park : Sukma
4) Mega Food Processing Park : Bagaud (Dhamtari), Sarora and Bemetra
5) Biotechnology Park : Mungi (Raipur)
6) Snake Park : Tapkara (Jashpur)
7) Farmer Shopping Mall : 1. Rajnandgaon (2010)
2. Mahasamund
8) Deer Park : Kotamsar Nagalatar (Bastar)
9) Kosa Silk Complex : Janjgir-Champa and Raigarh
10) Plastic Complex : Tilda
11) Industrial Park : Raigarh (by Jindal Group)
12) Industrial Tool Room : Borai
13) Incubation Center : Naya Raipur
14) Maize Processing Unit : Kondagaon
Proposed Food Processing Center :

Kodo Kutki Processing Center : Gariaband and Surajpur
Tea-Coffee Processing Center : Jashpur
Maize Processing Center : Kondagaon and Balrampur (Mahavirganj)
Triphala Processing Center : Dugali Village (District-Dhamtari)
Other important facts :
○ Special Economic Zone :
1) IT / ITES /SEZ IT Special Economic Zone, Raipur
• State's first and 9th Special Economic Zone of India.
• It is being developed by the "Naya Raipur Authority".
2) SEZ Solar Special Economic Zone (Solar SEZ)
• Solar energy equipment related industries will be established.
• It is being developed by "Lanco Solar Private Limited".
○ Dr. Shyamacharan Mukherjee Industry & Trade Complex, Naya Raipur.
○ Production units set up under the Department of Industries :
1) Furniture Works, Abhanpur
2) Agricultural Equipment Factory
○ Hitech Jaggery Factory- Kabirdham (First of state)
11
CENSUS
● The census is the subject of a center list, which is issued by the central government in every ten years.
● The 2011 census was the second census after the formation of state.
● The census in India was started in 1872 during the rule of Lord Mayo and the first regular census was started
from 1881 by Lord Ripon.
● The period from 1911–1921 is considered to be the decade of the Great Divide.
● On 11 July 1987, "World Population Day" is celebrated every year because on 11 July the world crossed 5
billion polpulation.
● India is the first nation in the world to implement a family planning program.
Administrative units of Chhattisgarh as per

census 2011
Area 1,35,192 km2
Number of Division 4
Number of Districts 18
Number of Tehsils 149
Number of development blocks 146
Census town 43
Number of villages 20,126
Religion based census

(Based on last data in Chhattisgarh)
Religion In Chhattisgarh In India
Population Percent (% )
Hindu 2,38,19,789 93.25% 79.08%
Muslim 5,14,998 2.02% 14.02%
Christianity 4,90,542 1.92% 2.3%
Buddhism 70,467 0.28% 0.7%
Sikhism 70,036 0.27% 1.7%
Jainism 61,510 0.24% 0.4%
Other Religions 4,94,594 1.3% 0.7%
Note :
○ The highest population of Christians - In Jashpur
○ The highest population of Muslims - In Raipur
Chhattisgarh's Rank in the country (2011)

S. Topic According to 28 states 28 + 7 according to states and union territory
No.
1. Population 16th 16th
2. Population growth rate 6th 9th
3. Population density 20th 25th
4. Sex ratio 5th 6th
5. Infant sex ratio 4th 4th
6. Literacy 20th 27th
7. ST population 5th 7th
8. ST population(percentage) 8th 10th
9. SC population 15th 15th
10. ST population(percentage) 15th 18th
Comparative description of India and Chhattisgarh

S. Particular 2011
No. India Chhattisgarh
1. Area 32,87,469 1,35,192
2. Population 1,21,05,69,573 2,55,45,198
Male 62,31,21,843 1,28,32,895
Female 58,74,47,730 1,27,12,303
3़. Population Growth Rate 17.69 22.61
4. Population Density 382km2 189km2
5. Sex ratio 943 991
6. Literacy rate 72.99 70.28
Male 80.89 80.27
Female 64.63 60.24
7. Urban population 37,71,06,125 59,37,237
8. Urban population% 31.15% 23.24%
9. Rural population 83,34,63,448 1,96,07,961
10. Rural population 68.85% 76.76%
11. ST population 10,42,81,034 78,22,902
12. ST population(%) 8.61% 30.62%
13. SC population 20,13,78,086 32,74,269
14. SC population (%) 16.63% 12.82%
15. 0–6 age group 16,44,78,150 36,61,689
16. 0–6 age in population 13.59 14.33
17. Sex Ratio (0-6 age group) 919 969
18. Total families 24,94,54,252 56,50,724
Comparative Description of Chhattisgarh as per census (2001 and 2011)

S. No. Subject Chhattisgarh
2001 2011
1. Population 2,08,33,803 2,55,45,198
Men 1,04,74,218 1,28,32,895
Female 1,02,59,585 1,27,12,303
2़. Population growth rate 18.27 22.61
3. Population density 154 km2 189 km2
4. Sex Ratio 989 991
5. Literacy rate 64.66 70.28
Men 77.38 80.27
Female 51.85 60.24
6. Urban population 41,85,747 59,37,237
7. Urban Population (%) 20.09 23.24
8. Rural population 1,66,48,056 1,96,07,961
9. Rural Population (in%) 79.91 76.76
10. ST Population 66,16,596 78,22,902
11. ST Population (%) 31.76 30.62
12. SC population 24,18,722 32,74,269
13. ST population (%) 11.61 12.82
14. 0–6 age group 35,54,916 36,61,689
15. 0–6 age in population 17.06 14.33
16. Sex ratio (0-6 age group) 975 969
17. Total families 40,91,551 56,50,724
Chhattisgarh Census : 2001

Growth Sex
S. District Population Density Urban ST SC Literacy
Rate Ratio
No.
Chhattisgarh 2,08,33,803 18.27 989 154 20.09 31.76 11.61 64.70
1. Koriya 5,86,327 16.91 946 89 29.21 44.35 8.22 63.09
2. Surguja 19,72,094 24.58 972 125 6.96 54.60 4.81 54.79
3. Jashpur 7,43,160 12.71 999 127 4.6 63.24 4.90 63.77
4. Raigarh 12,65,529 18.68 994 179 13.39 35.58 14.20 70.16
5. Korba 10,11,823 22.55 964 153 36.27 41.50 9.98 61.71
6. Janjgir-Champa 13,17,431 18.55 998 342 11.03 11.62 22.48 65.94
7. Bilaspur 19,98,355 17.59 971 241 24.35 19.87 18.47 63.51
8. Kawardha 5,84,552 13.86 1,002 138 7.68 20.86 12.76 55.15
9. Rajnandgaon 12,83,224 17.70 1,023 159 18.05 26.86 9.93 77.21
10. Durg 28,10,436 16.88 982 328 38.15 12.41 12.79 75.62
11. Raipur 30,16,930 18.97 980 230 30.42 12.11 16.17 68.51
12. Mahasamund 8,60,257 8.72 1,018 180 11.35 27.03 12.13 67.01
13. Dhamtari 7,06,591 19.72 1,004 208 13.24 26.25 6.99 74.89
14. Kanker 6,50,934 18.84 1,005 100 4.82 56.08 4.25 72.93
15. Bastar 13,06,673 18.28 1,011 87 9.95 66.31 2.96 43.91
16. Dantewada 7,19,487 15.56 1,00016 41 7.23 78.52 3.36 30.17
Chhattisgarh: Census 2011 Final Statistics

0.6
S. Total Mass Sex 0.6
District Sex ST SC Literacy
No. Population Density Ratio Population
Ratio
Chhatisgarh 2,55,45,198 189 991 36,61,689 969 32,74,269 78,22,902 70.28
1 Koriya 6,58,917 100 968 95,784 968 54,776 3,04,280 70.64
2 Surguja 23,59,886 150 978 3,80,445 962 1,15,652 13,00,628 60.01
3 Jashpur 8,51,669 146 1005 1,22,266 980 48,844 5,30,378 67,92
4 Raigarh 14,93,984 211 991 1,95,069 947 2,24,942 5,05,609 73.26
5 Korba 12,06,640 183 969 1,72,016 966 1,24,679 4,93,559 72.37
6 Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 420 986 2,24,218 950 3,97,908 1,87,196 73.07
7 Bilaspur 26,63,629 322 971 4,07,835 961 5,52,992 4,98,469 70.78
8 Kabirdham 8,22,526 194 996 1,41,904 983 1,19,798 1,67,043 60.85
9 Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 190 1015 2,09,575 986 1,56,623 4,05,194 75.96
10 Durg 33,43,872 392 988 4,30,536 963 4,58,040 3,97,416 79.06
11 Raipur 40,63,872 328 984 5,83,382 968 7,24,250 4,76,446 75.56
12 Mahasamund 10,32,754 216 1,017 1,34,448 971 1,39,581 2,79,896 71.02
13 Dhamtari 7,99,781 196 1,010 1,01,909 973 58,581 2,07,633 78.36
14 Kanker 7,48,941 105 1,006 1,00,099 978 31,543 4,14,770. 70.29
15 Bastar 14,13,199 135 1,023 2,16,713 994 37,963 9,31,780 54.40
16 Narayanpur 1,39,820 30 994 23,358 989 4,979 1,08,161 48.62
17 Dantewada 5,33,638 64 1,020 79,637 1005 12,996 4,10,255 42.12
18 Bijapur 2,55,230 30 984 42,495 978 10,122 2,04,189 40.86
Census 2011 Data

○ Total population of Chhattisgarh state : 2,55,45,198
Number of males : 1,28,32,895
Number of females : 1,27,12,303
(2.11% of the country's total population)
○ Chhattisgarh ranks 16th state in the country in terms of population.
○ Chhattisgarh ranked 17th in 2001 census (Chhattisgarh overtook Haryana this time)
○ Maximum population 1. Raipur (4063872) 2. Durg (3343872) 3. Bilaspur (2663629)
○ Narayanpur is least populous district : (139820)
Census 2011 : Order of 18 Districts based on total population
S. State/Distric Total Population Male Population Female Population

No. Chhattisgarh 2,55,45,198 1,28,32,895 1,27,12,303
1. Raipur 40,63,872 20,48,186 20,15,686
2. Durg 33,43,872 16,82,101 16,61,771
3. Bilaspur 26,63,629 13,51,574 13,12,055
4. Surguja 23,59,886 11,93,129 11,66,757
5. Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 8,15,717 8,03,990
6. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 7,62,855 7,74,278
7. Raigarh 14,93,984 7,50,278 7,43,706
8. Bastar 14,13,199 6,98,487 7,14712
9. Korba 12,06,640 6,12,915 5,93,725
10. Mahasamund 10,32,754 5,11,967 5,20,787
11. Jashpur 8,51,669 4,24,747 4,26,922
12. Kabirdham 8,22,526 4,12,058 4,10,468
13. Dhamtari 7,99,781 3,97,897 4,01,884
14. Kanker 7,48,941 3,73,338 3,75,603
15. Koryia 6,58,917 3,34,337 3,24,180
16. Dantewada 5,33,638 2,64,142 2,69,496
17. Bijapur 2,55,230 1,28,663 1,26,567
18. Narayanpur 1,39,820 70,104 69,716
Total Population (In decreasing order fro 27 districts)

Total Sex Urban 0–6 Year Age sex ST SC Literacy
S. State/Distric
Population Ratio Percentage Population ratio (%) (%) (%)
No.
Chhattisgarh 2,55,45,198 991 23.24 36,61,689 969 12.82 30.62 70.28
1. Raipur 21,60,876 963 59.08 3,04,044 959 16.60 4.30 80.52
2. Bilaspur 19,61,922 970 31.32 2,87,204 956 18.26 21.70 72.87
3. Durg 17,21,948 966 64.15 2,10,511 948 14.26 5.88 82.56
4. Janjgir- 16,19,707 986 13.90 2,24,218 950 24.57 11.56 73.07
-Champa
5. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 1,015 17.73 2,09,575 986 10.19 26.36 75.96
6. Raigarh 14,93,984 991 16.49 1,95,069 947 15.06 33.84 73.26
7. Balodabazar 13,05,343 1,004 12.73 1,95,540 975 23.37 12.83 70.63
8. Korba 12,06,640 969 36.99 1,72,016 966 10.33 40.90 72.37
9. Mahasamund 10,32,754 1,017 11.63 1,34,448 971 13.52 27.10 71.02
10. Jashpur 8,51,669 1,005 8.92 1,22,266 980 5.74 62.28 67.92
11. Sarguja 8,40,352 980 16.27 1,26,032 963 4.77 57.36 6086
12. Bastar 8,34,315 1,017 16.24 1,26,892 987 1.77 62.42 53.15
13. Balod 8,26,165 1,022 12.77 96,271 983 8.28 31.35 80.28
14. Kabirdham 8,22,526 996 10.63 1,41,904 983 14.56 20.31 60.85
15. Dhamtari 7,99,781 1,010 18.65 1,01,909 973 7.32 25.96 78.36
16. Bemetara 7,95,759 1,001 9.37 1,23,754 973 18.10 4.67 69.87
17. Surajpur 7,89,043 981 9.07 1,27,458 958 5.43 45.58 60.95
18. Kanker 7,48,941 1,006 10.26 1,00,099 978 4.21 55.38 70.29
19. Balrampur 7,30,491 973 4.75 1,26,955 964 4.48 62.83 57.98
20. Mungeli 7,01,707 974 9.33 1,20,631 971 27.76 10.37 64.75
21. Koriya 6,58,917 968 31.16 95,784 968 8.31 46.18 70.64
22. Gariaband 5,97,653 1,020 6.77 83,798 933 10.13 36.14 68.26
23. Kondagaon 5,78,824 1,033 10.02 89,821 1,006 4.01 71.01 56.21
24. Dantewada 2,83,479 1,023 24.00 43,378 1,012 3.61 71.07 48.63
25. Bijapur 2,55,230 984 11.60 42.495 978 3.97 80.00 50.46
26. Sukma 2,50,159 1,017 11.27 36.259 997 1.11 83.47 44.06
27. Narayanpur 1,39,820 994 15.81 23,358 989 3.56 77.36 57.31
Population Growth Rate

○ Decadal population growth rate in Chhattisgarh : 22.61 (9th position of Chhattisgarh incountry)
during 2001-2011
○ District with highest decadal population : Kabirdham (40.71%)
Growth rate in Chhattisgarh
○ District with lowest decadal population growth : Bijapur (8.78ः)
Census 2011 : Order of 18 districts according to decadal growth rate

Population Population
S. District Growth Rate
(2001) (2011)
No.
Chhattisgarh 2,08,33,803 2,55,45,198 22.61
1. Kabirdham 5,84,552 8,22,526 40.71
2. Raipur 30,16,930 40,63,872 34.70
3. Bilaspur 19,98,355 26,63,629 33.29
4. Janjgir-Champa 13,17,431 16,19,707 22.94
5. Mahasamund 8,60,257 10,32,754 20.05
6. Rajnandgaon 12,83,224 15,37,133 19.79
7. Sarguja 19,72,094 23,59,886 19.66
8. Korba 10,11,823 12,06,640 19.25
9. Narayanpur 1,17,337 1,39,820 19.16
10. Durg 28,10,436 33,43,872 18.98
11. Raigarh 12,65,529 14,93,984 18.05
12. Bastar 11,98,067 14,13,199 17.96
13. Kanker 6,50,934 7,48,941 15.06
14. Jashpur 7,43,160 8,51,669 14.60
15. Dhamtari 7,06,591 7,99,781 13.19
16. Koriya 5,86,327 6,58,917 12.38
17. Dantewada 4,76,119 5,33,638 12.08
18. Bijapur 2,34,637 2,55,230 8.78
Population Density
y Population density of the state in Census 2011 : 189 persons per square km.
(154 person per km in Census 2001)
y Highest population density : 1) Janjgir-Champa (420)
2) Durg (392)
3) Raipur (328)
y Lowest population density : Narayanpur (30)
Census 2011 : Order of 18 Districts According to Population Density
District Area Square km Total Population Population density

S. No.
Chhattisgarh 1,35,192 2,55,45,198 189
1. Janjgir-Champa 3,853 16,19,707 420
2. Durg 8,535 33,43,872 392
3. Raipur 12,383 40,63,872 328
4. Bilaspur 8,272 26,63,629 322
5. Mahasamund 4,272 10,32,754 216
6. Raigarh 7,086 14,93,984 211
7. Dhamtari 4,084 7,99,781 196
8. Kabirdham 4,235 8,22,526 194
9. Rajnandgaon 8,070 15,37,133 190
10. Korba 6,598 12,06,640 183
11. Surguja 15,732 23,59,886 150
12. Jashpur 5,838 8,51,669 146
13. Bastar 10,470 14,13,199 135
14. Kanker 7,161 7,48,941 105
15. Koriya 6,604 6,58,917 100
16. Dantewada 8,298 5,33,638 64
17. Bijapur 8,530 2,55,230 30
18. Narayanpur 4,653 1,39,820 30
Sex Ratio in Census 2011

● Sex Ratio of the country in Census 2011 : 940
● Sex Ratio of the state : 991 in 2011; 5th in India
● The seven districts of the state (Bastar, South Bastar ,Dantewada, Mahasamund, Rajnandgaon, Dhamtari,
North Bastar Kanker and Jashpur) have a sex ratio of over 1000.
● District with the highest sex ratio in the state : Bastar (1023) as per 18 districts
Kondagaon (1033) as per 27 districts.
● District with minimum sex ratio in the state : Koriya (968) as per 18 districts
Raipur (963) as per 27 districts
The Order of 18 Districts According to the Sex Ratio of Census 2011
Total Male Female Sex

S. State/District
Population Population Population Ratio
No.
Chhattisgarh 2,55,45198 1,28,32,895 1,27,12,303 991
1. Bastar 14,13,199 6,98,487 7,14,712 1,023
2. Dantewada 5,33,638 2,64,142 2,69,496 1,020
3. Mahasamund 10,32,754 5,11,967 5,11,787 1,017
4. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 7,62,855 7,74,278 1,015
5. Dhamtari 7,99,781 3,97,897 4,01,884 1,010
6. Kanker 7,48,941 3,73,338 3,75,603 1,006
7. Jashpur 8,51,669 4,24,747 4,26,922 1,005
8. Kabirdham 8,22,526 4,12,058 4,26,922 996
9. Narayanpur 1,39,820 70,104 69,716 994
10. Raigarh 14,93,984 7,50,278 7,43,706 991
11. Durg 33,43,872 16,82,101 16,61,771 988
12. Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 8,15,717 8,03,990 986
13. Raipur 40,63,872 20,48,186 20,15,686 984
14. Bijapur 2,55,230 1,28,663 1,26,567 984
15. Surguja 23,59,886 11,93,129 11,66,757 978
16. Bilaspur 26,63,629 13,51,574 13,12,055 971
17. Korba 12,06,640 6,12,915 5,93,725 969
18. Koriya 6,58,917 3,34,737 3,24,180 968
Decreasing Sex Ratio of 27 Districts
Total Male Female Sex

S. State/District
Population Population Population Ratio
No.
Chhattisgarh 2,55,45,198 1,28,32,895 1,27,12,303 991
1. Kondagaon 5,78,824 2,84,781 2,94,043 1,033
2. Dantewada 2,83,479 1,40,094 1,43,385 1,023
3. Balod 8,26,165 4,08,638 4,17,527 1,022
4. Gariaband 5,97,653 2,95,851 3,01,802 1,020
5. Mahasamund 10,32,754 5,11,967 5,20,787 1,017
6. Bastar 8,34,375 4,13,706 4,20,669 1,017
7. Sukma 2,50,159 1,24,048 1,26,111 1,015
8. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 7,62,855 7,74,278 1,010
9. Dhamtari 7,99,781 3,97,897 4,26,922 1,015
10. Kanker 7,48,941 3,73,338 3,75,603 1,006
11. Jashpur 8,51,669 4,24,747 4,01,884 1,015
12. Balodabazar 13,05,343 6,51,474 6,53,869 1,004
13. Bemetara 7,95,759 3,97,650 3,98,109 1,001
14. Kawardha 8,22,526 4,12,058 4,10,468 996
15. Narayanpur 1,39,820 70,104 69,716 994
16. Raigarh 14,93,984 7,50,278 7,43,706 991
17. Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 8,15,717 8,03,990 986
18. Bijapur 2,55,230 1,28,663 1,26,567 984
19. Surajpur 7,89,043 3,98,381 3,90,662 981
20. Surguja 8,40,352 4,24,492 4,15,860 980
21. Mungeli 7,01,707 3,55,449 3,46,258 974
22. Balrampur 7,30,491 3,70,256 3,60,235 973
23. Bilaspur 19,61,922 9,96,125 9,66,797 970
24. Korba 12,06,640 6,12,915 5,93,725 969
25. Koriya 6,58,917 3,34,737 3,24,180 968
26. Durg 17,21,948 8,75,813 8,46,135 968
27. Raipur 21,60,876 11,00,861 10,60,015 963
Population and Sex Ratio( Age Group 0–6) in Census 2011

● In the census 2001, the population of 0-6 age group of the state was 35,54,916, which has increased to
36,61,689 in 2011.
● In the census 2001, this age group was 17.06 percent of the total population which in 2011 decreased to 14.33
percent.
● Highest population (percentage) Kabirdham (17.25%)
● Lowest population (percentage) Dhamtari (12.74%)
● Highest Sex Ratio : Dantewada (1005) as per 18 districts
● Minimum sex ratio : Raigarh (947) as per 27 districts
(Census 2011) Order of 18 Districts According to Sex Ratio in 0 - 6 Age Group
S. Total 0–6 0–6 0–6 0–6

State/District 0 – 6 Male
No. Population Population Percentage Female Sex Ratio
Chhattisgarh 2,55,45198 36,61,689 14.33 18,59,935 18,01,754 969
1. Dantewada 5,33,638 79,637 14.92 39,718 39,919 1005
2. Bastar 14,13,199 2,16,713 15.33 1,08662 1,08,051 994
3. Narayanpur 1,39,820 23,358 16.71 11,744 11,614 989
4. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 2,09,575 13.63 1,05,508 1,04,067 986
5. Kabirdham 8,22,526 1,41,904 17.25 71,571 70,333 983
6. Jashpur 8,51,669 1,22,266 14.36 61,744 60,522 980
7. Bijapur 2,55,230 42,495 16.65 21,488 21,007 978
8. Kanker 7,48,941 1,00,099 13.37 50,598 49.501 978
9. Dhamtari 7,99,781 1,01,909 12.74 51,652 50,257 973
10. Mahasamund 10,32,754 1,34,448 13.02 68,207 66,241 971
11. Raipur 40,63,872 5,83,382 14.36 2,96,441 2,86,941 968
12. Koriya 6,58,917 95,784 14.54 48,666 47,118 968
13. Korba 12,06,640 1,72,016 14.26 87,487 84,529 966
14. Durg 33,43,872 4,30,536 12.88 2,19,341 2,11,195 962
15. Sarguja 23,59,886 3,80,445 16.12 1,93,952 1,86,493 962
16. Bilaspur 26,63,629 4,07,835 15.31 2,07,995 1,99,840 961
17. Janjgir- Champa 16,19,707 2,24,218 13.84 1,14,957 1,09,261 950
18. Raigarh 14,93,984 1,95,069 13.06 1,00,204 94,865 947
Population and sex ratio in age group

0-6 in decreasing order of 27 districts
State/District 0-6 Age Group Population
S. No.
Chhattisgarh 36,61,689
1. Raipur 3,04,044
2. Bilaspur 2,87,204
3. Janjgir-Champa 2,24,218
4. Durg 2,10,511
5. Rajnandgaon 2,09,575
6. Balodabazar 1,95,540
7. Raigarh 1,95,069
8. Korba 1,72,016
9. Kawardha 1,41,904
10. Mahasamund 1,34,448
11. Surajpur 1,27458
12. Balrampur 1,26,955
13. Bastar 1,26,892
14. Sarguja 1,26,032
15. Bemetara 1,23,754
16. Jashpur 1,22,266
17. Mungeli 1,20,631
18. Dhamtari 1,01,909
19. Kanker 1,00,099
20. Balod 96,271
21. Koriya 95,784
22. Kondagaon 89,821
23. Gariaband 83,798
24. Dantewada 43,378
25. Bijapur 42,495
26. Sukma 36,259
27. Narayanpur 23,358
S. State/District 0 - 6 Age Group Sex Ratio

No. Chhattisgarh 969
1. Dantewada 1,012
2. Kondagaon 1,006
3. Sukma 997
4. Narayanpur 989
5. Bastar 987
6. Rajnandgaon 986
7. Balod 983
8. Kawardha 983
9. Gariaband 983
10. Jashpur 980
11. Kanker 978
12. Bijapur 978
13. Balodabazar 975
14. Dhamtari 973
15. Bemetara 973
16. Mahasamund 971
17. Mungeli 971
18. Koriya 968
19. Korba 966
20. Balrampur 964
21. Surguja 963
22. Raipur 959
23. Sarajpur 958
24. Bilaspur 956
25. Janjgir Champa 950
26. Durg 948
27. Raigarh 947
Literacy
● Citizens above 7 years of age who are able to read and write in any language are considered literate.
● In Census 2011, the literacy rate in the country - 74.04%
Total Literate Person (1,53,79,922)
Male Literate Female Literacy

88,07,893 65,72,029
(80.27%) (60.24%)
● State Literacy Rate : 70.28%
● State Rank in Country : 27th
● Male literacy rate in the state : 80.27%
● Female literacy rate in the state : 60.24%
● District with highest literacy rate in the state : 1. Durg 2. Dhamtari 3. Rajnandgaon
● District with minimum literacy in the state : Bijapur
● District with highest male literacy : 1. Durg 2. Dhamtari 3. Rajnandgaon
● District with highest female literacy : 1. Dhamtari 2. Durg 3. Rajnandgaon
Census 2011: The Order of 18 Districts in Literacy
District Order in Total Literacy

S. No. District Litaracy Rate
1. Durg 79.06
2. Dhamtari 78.36
3. Rajnandgaon 75.96
4. Raipur 75.56
5. Raigarh 73.26
6. Janjgir-Champa 73.07
7 Korba 72.37
8. Mahasamund 71.02
9. Bilaspur 70.78
10. Koriya 70.64
11. Kanker 70.29
12. Jashpur 67.92
13. Kabirdham 60.85
14. Sarguja 60.01
15. Bastar 54.40
16. Narayanpur 48.62
17. Dantewada 42.12
18. Bijapur 40.86
Literacy rate of 27 districts in decreasing order

District Literacy district wise(%)
S. No.
Chhattisgarh 70.28
1. Durg 82
2. Raipur 80
3. Balod 80
4. Dhamtari 78.36
6. Raigarh 73.26
8. Bilaspur 72.87
9. Korba 72.37
10. Mahasamund 71.02
11. Koriya 70.29
12. Balodabazar 70.63
13. Kanker 70.29
14. Bemetara 69.87
15. Gariyaband 68.26
16. Jashpur 67.92
17. Mungeli 64.75
18. Surajpur 60.95
19. Surguja 60.86
20. Kawardha 60.85
21. Balrampur 57.98
22. Kondagaon 56.21
23. Bastar 53.15
24. Dantewada 48.63
26. Bijapur 40.86
27. Sukma 34.81
Male Literacy rate in decreasing order
Male Literacy Rate in decreasing order of 18 districts

S. No. District Literacy rate
1. Durg 87
2. Dhamtari 87
3. Rajnandgaon 85
4. Raipur 85.24
6. Raigarh 83.49
7 Korba 82.48
8. Mahasamund 82.05
9. Bilaspur 81.54
10. Koriya 80.37
11. Kanker 80.03
12. Jashpur 77.32
13. Kabirdham 72.98
14. Sarguja 69.53
15. Bastar 64.82
17. Dantewada 51.92
18. Bijapur 50.46
Male literacy in decreasing order of 27 district
State / District Male Literacy (%) District wise

S. No.
Chhattisgarh 80.27
1. Durg 89
2. Balod 89
3. Raipur 87
4. Dhamtari 87.78
7. Raigarh 83.49
8. Bilaspur 83.04
10. Korba 82.48
12. Bemetara 81.26
13. Gariaband 80.38
14. Koriya 80.37
15. Kanker 80.03
16. Jashpur 77.32
17. Mungeli 77.20
18. Kabirdham 72.98
19. Surajpur 70.99
20. Sarguja 69.65
21. Balrampur 67.78
22. Kondagaon 67.45
23. Bastar 63.02
24. Dantewada 58.95
26. Bijapur 50.46
27. Sukma 44.06
Female Literacy Rate in in decreasing :
Female Literacy rate in decreasing order of 18 districts

S. No. District Literacy Rate
1. Dhamtari 79
2. Durg 70
3. Rajnandgaon 66
4. Raipur 65.75
5. Raigarh 63.02
6. Korba 61.93
7 Janjgir-Champa 61.31
8. Kanker 60.64
9. Koriya 60.20
11. Bilaspur 59.71
12. Jashpur 58.61
13. Sarguja 50.32
14. Kabirdham 48.71
15. Bastar 44.26
17. Dantewada 32.54
18. Bijapur 31.11
Female literacy rate of 27 districts in decreasing order
State / District District wise female literacy (%)

S. No.
Chhattisgarh 60.24
1. Durg 75
2. Raipur 72
3. Balod 71
4. Dhamtari 69.08
6. Raigarh 63.02
7. Bilaspur 62.40
8. Korba 61.93
9. Janjgir Champa 61.31
10. Kanker 60.64
11. Koriya 60.60
13. Jashpur 58.61
15. Bemetara 58.55
16. Gariaband 56.45
17. Mungeli 51.97
18. Sarguja 51.92
19. Surajpur 50.76
20. Kawardha 48.71
21. Balrampur 47.93
22. Kondagaon 45.37
23. Bastar 43.49
25. Dantewada 38.58
26. Bijapur 31.11
27. Sukma 25.74
Rural - Urban Population

● The Total Number of towns in Chhattisgarh in 182 during 2011 census.
● Urban Population : 59,37,237
● Percentage of urban population : 23.24 percent
● Rural Population : 1,96,07,961
● Percentage of rural population : 76.76 percent
● District with highest urban population : Raipur (14,82,227)
● District with highest urban population percentage : Durg (38.41 percent)
● District with minimum urban population : Narayanpur (22,119)
● District with minimum urban population percentage : Jashpur (8.92 percent)
● Cities with a population of more than 10 lakhs : 2 (Raipur and Durg-Bhilai cities)
● Cities with population more than 1 lakh : 9
1. Raipur 2. Durg-Bhilai 3. Bilaspur
4. Korba 5. Rajnandgaon 6. Raigarh
7. Jagdalpur 8. Ambikapur 9. Dhamtari
Census 2011 : The Order of 18 Districts in Urban Population
Total Urban Rural Urban

District
S. No. Population Population Population Percentage
Chhattisgarh 2,55,45,198 59,37,237 1,96,07,961 23.24
1. Durg 33,43,872 12,84,765 20,59,107 38.42
2. Korba 12,06,640 4,46,290 7,60,350 36.99
3. Raipur 40,63,872 14,83,289 25,80,583 36.50
4. Koriya 6,58,917 2,05,299 4,53,618 31.16
5. Bilaspur 26,63,629 6,79,870 19,83,759 25.52
6. Dhamtari 7,99,781 1,49,195 6,50,586 18.65
7. Dantewada 5,33,638 96,233 4,37,405 18.03
8. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 2,75,512 12,64,621 17.73
9. Raigarh 14,93,984 2,46,302 12,47,682 16.49
10. Narayanpur 1,39,820 22,106 1,17,714 15.81
11. Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 2,25,061 13,94,646 13.90
12. Bastar 14,13,199 1,93,494 12,19,705 13.69
13. Mahasamund 10,32,754 1,20,152 9,12,602 11.63
14. Bijapur 2,55,230 29,600 2,55,630 11.60
15. Kabirdham 8,22,526 87,395 7,35,131 10.63
16. Surguja 23,59,886 2,42,921 21,16,965 10.29
17. Kanker 7,48,941 76,761 6,72,180 10.25
18. Jashpur 85,11,669 75,992 7,75,677 8.92
Urban Population in Decreasing Order of 27 Districts :
Urban Population : District wise order

S. No. Chhattisgarh 59,37,237
1. Raipur 12,76,652
2. Durg 11,04,700
4. Korba 4,46,290
6. Raigarh 2,46,302
8. Koriya 2,05,299
10. Dhamtari 1,49,195
11. Surguja 1,36,702
12. Bastar 1,35,511
14. Balod 1,05,498
15. Kawardha 87,395
16. Kanker 76,761
17. Jashpur 75,992
18. Bemetara 74,567
19. Surajpur 71,536
21. Mungeli 65,439
24. Balrampur 34,683
25. Bijapur 29,600
26. Sukma 28,202
Urban Population: District-wise Rank in Percent
S. No. Chhattisgarh 23.24
1. Durg 64.15
2. Raipur 59.08
3. Korba 36.99
4. Bilaspur 31.32
5. Koriya 31.16
6. Dantewada 24.00
7. Dhamtari 18.65
9. Raigarh 16.49
10. Sarguja 16.27
11. Bastar 16.24
14. Balod 12.77
17. Bijapur 11.60
18. Sukma 11.27
19. Kabirdham 10.63
20. Kanker 10.25
21. Kondagaon 10.02
22. Bemetara 9.37
23. Mungeli 9.33
24. Surajpur 9.07
25. Jashpur 8.92
26. Gariaband 6.77
27. Balrampur 4.75
Tribal Population
Chhattisgarh accounts for 7.5 percent of the country's total tribe population [10,42,81,034]
Distribution of tribal population (district wise order of 18 districts) :

ST Population: District wise order
Total
State/District ST
S. No. Population
Chhattisgarh 255,45,198 78,22,902
1. Sarguja 23,59,886 13,00,628
2. Bastar 14,13,199 9,31,780
3. Jashpur 8,51,669 5,30,378
4. Raigarh 14,93,984 5,05,609
5. Bilaspur 26,63,629 4,98,469
6. Korba 12,06,640 4,93,559
7. Raipur 40,63,872 4,76,446
8. Kanker 7,48,941 4,14,770
9. Dantewada 5,33,638 4,10,255
10. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 4,05,194
11. Durg 33,43,872 3,97,416
12. Koriya 6,58,917 3,04,280
13. Mahasamund 10,32,754 2,79,896
14. Dhamtari 7,99,781 2,07,633
15. Bijapur 2,55,230 2,04,189
16. Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 1,87,196
17. Kabirdham 8,22,526 1,67,043
18. Narayanpur 1,39,820 1,08,161
ST District Wise Order in Percent
State/District ST Percentage
S. No.
Chhattisgarh 30.62%
1. Bijapur 80.00%
2. Narayanpur 77.36%
3. Dantewada 76.88%
4. Bastar 65.93%
5. Jashpur 62.28%
6. Kanker 55.38%
7. Sarguja 55.11%
8. Koriya 46.18%
9. Korba 40.90%
10. Raigarh 33.84%
11. Mahasamund 27.10%
12. Rajnandgaon 26.36%
13. Dhamtari 25.96%
14. Kabirdham 20.31%
15. Bilaspur 18.71%
16. Durg 11.88%
17. Raipur 11.72%
18. Janjgir-Champa 11.56%
Tribal Population in Decreasing Order of 27 Districts
State/District ST Population-District Wise Order

S.No.
1. Jashpur 5,30,378
2. Bastar 5,20,779
3. Raigarh 5,05,609
4. Korba 4,93,559
5. Sarguja 4,82,007
6. Balrampur 4,58,949
8. Kanker 4,14,770
9. Kondagaon 4,11,001
11. Surajpur 3,59,672
12. Koriya 3,04,280
14. Balod 2,59,043
15. Gariaband 2,15,986
16. Sukma 2,08,797
17. Dhamtari 2,07,633
18. Bijapur 2,04,189
22. Kawardha 1,67,043
23. Narayanpur 1,08,161
24. Durg 1,01,188
25. Raipur 93,010
26. Mungeli 72,781
27. Bemetara 37,185
State/District District wise order in ST-Percentage

S.No.
Chhattisgarh 30.62
1. Sukma 83.47
2. Bijapur 80.00
3. Narayanpur 77.36
4. Dantewada 71.07
5. Kondagaon 71.01
6. Balrampur 62.83
7. Bastar 62.42
8. Jashpur 62.28
9. Sarguja 57.36
10. Kanker 55.38
11. Koriya 46.18
12. Surajpur 45.58
13. Korba 40.90
14. Gariaband 36.14
15. Raigarh 33.84
16. Balod 31.35
19. Dhamtari 25.96
20. Bilaspur 21.70
21. Kawardha 20.31
24. Mungeli 10.37
25. Durg 5.88
26. Bemetara 4.67
27. Raipur 4.30
Scheduled caste population

Chhattisgarh accounts for 1.63% percent of the country's total SC population [20,13,78,086)
Distribution of Scheduled Castes (District wise order of 18 districts)

SC Population : District Wise Order
Total SC
State/District
S.No. Population Population
Chhattisgarh 2,55,45,198 32,74,269
1. Raipur 40,63,872 7,24,250
2. Bilaspur 26,63,629 5,52,992
3. Durg 33,43,872 4,58,040
4. Janjgir-Champa 16,19,707 3,97,908
5. Raigarh 14,93,984 2,24,942
6. Rajnandgaon 15,37,133 1,56,623
7. Mahasamund 10,32,754 1,39,581
8. Korba 12,06,640 1,24,679
9. Kabirdham 8,22,526 1,19,798
10. Sarguja 23,59,886 1,15,652
11. Dhamtari 7,99,781 58,581
12. Koriya 6,58,917 54,776
13. Jashpur 8,51,669 48,844
14. Bastar 14,13,199 37,963
15. Kanker 7,48,941 31,543
16. Dantewada 5,33,638 12,996
17. Bijapur 2,55,230 10,122
18. Narayanpur 1,39,820 4,979
District wise order of SC percentage
State/District SC (%)
S.No.
Chhattisgarh 12.82%
1. Janjgir-Champa 24.57%
2. Bilaspur 20.76%
3. Raipur 17.82%
4. Raigarh 15.06%
5. Kabirdham 14.56%
6. Durg 13.70%
7. Mahasamund 13.52%
8. Korba 10.33%
9. Rajnandgaon 10.19%
10. Koriya 8.31%
11. Dhamtari 7.32%
12. Jashpur 5.74%
13. Sarguja 4.90%
14. Kanker 4.21%
15. Bijapur 3.97%
16. Narayanpur 3.56%
17. Bastar 2.69%
18. Dantewada 2.44%
Scheduled Caste Population / in decreasing order of 27 districts)
State/District Scheduled Caste Population

S.No.
2. Raipur 3,58,674
5. Durg 2,45,587
6. Raigarh 2,24,942
7. Mungeli 1,94,770
9. Bemetara 1,44,022
11. Korba 1,24,679
12. Kawardha 1,19,798
13. Balod 68,431
15. Dhamtari 58,581
16. Koriya 54,776
17. Jashpur 48,844
18. Surajpur 42,830
19. Sarguja 40,090
20. Balrampur 32,732
21. Kanker 31,543
23. Bastar 14,759
25. Bijapur 10,122
27. Sukma 2,776
State/District SC Population (%)

S.No.
Chhattisgarh 12.82
1. Mungeli 27.76
4. Bilaspur 18.26
5. Bemetara 18.10
6. Raipur 16.60
7. Raigarh 15.06
8. Kawardha 14.56
9. Durg 14.26
11. Korba 10.33
13. Gariaband 10.13
14. Koriya 8.31
15. Balod 8.28
16. Dhamtari 7.32
17. Jashpur 5.74
18. Surajpur 5.43
19. Sarguja 4.77
20. Balrampur 4.48
21. Kanker 4.21
22. Kondagaon 4.01
23. Bijapur 3.97
24. Dantewada 3.61
25. Narayanpur 3.56
26. Bastar 1.77
27. Sukma 1.11
Census
(As per 18 districts) (As per 27 districts)
S. No.
Subject Maximun Minimum Maximum Minimum
01. Population 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur
2. Durg 2. Bijapur 2. Bilaspur 2. Sukma
3. Bilaspur 3. Dantewada 3. Durg 3. Bijapur
02. Population 1. Kawardha 1. Bijapur . Balodabazar 1. Sukma
growth rate 2. Raipur 2. Dantewada 2. Bemetara 2. Bijapur
3. Bilaspur 3. Koriya 3. Kabirdham 3. Balod
03. Urban Population 1. Raipur 1.Narayanpur 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur
2. Durg 2. Bijapur 2. Durg 2. Sukma
3. Bilaspur 3. Jashpur 3. Bilaspur 3. Bijapur
04. Urban Population 1. Durg 1. Jashpur 1. Durg 1. Balrampur
(in percentage) 2. Korba 2. Kanker 2. Raipur 2. Gariaband
3. Raipur 3. Sarguja 3. Korba 3. Jashpur
05. Rural Population 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur
2. Sarguja 2. Bijapur
3. Durg 3. Dantewada
06. Rural Population 1. Jashpur 1. Durg
(in percentage) 2. Kanker 2. Korba
3. Sarguja 3. Raipur
07. 0–6 age group 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur
Population 2. Durg 2. Bijapur 2. Bilaspur 2. Sukma
3. Bilaspur 3. Dantewada 3. Janjgir-Champa 3. Bijapur
08. Population 1. Janjgir -Champa 1. Narayanpur
density 2. Durg 2. Bijapur
3. Raipur 3. Dantewada
09. Literacy 1. Durg 1. Bijapur 1. Durg 1. Sukma
2. Dhamtari 2. Dantewada 2. Raipur 2. Bijapur
3. Rajnandgaon 3. Narayanpur 3. Balod 3. Narayanpur
10. Male Literacy 1. Durg 1. Bijapur 1. Durg 1. Sukma
2. Dhamtari 2. Dantewada 2. Balod 2. Bijapur
3. Rajnandgaon 3. Narayanpur 3. Raipur 3. Narayanpur
11. Female literacy 1. Dhamtari 1. Bijapur 1. Durg 1. Sukma
2. Durg 2. Dantewada 2. Raipur 2. Bijapur
3. Rajnandgaon 3. Narayanpur 3. Balod 3. Dantewada
12. Sex Ratio 1. Bastar 1. Koriya 1. Kondagaon 1. Raipur
2. Dantewada 2. Korba 2. Dantewada 2. Durg
3. Mahasamund 3. Bilaspur 3. Balod 3. Koriya
13. Tribal Population 1. Sarguja 1.Narayanpur 1. Jashpur 1. Bemetara
2. Bastar 2. Kabirdham 2. Bastar 2. Mungeli
3. Jashpur 3. Janjgir-Champa 3. Raigarh 3. Raigarh
14. Tribal Population 1. Bijapur 1. Janjgir-Champa 1. Sukma 1. Raipur
(In Percent) 2. Narayanpur 2. Raipur 2. Bijapur 2. Bemeatara
3. Dantewada 3. Durg 3. Narayanpur 3. Durg
15. Scheduled Caste 1. Raipur 1. Narayanpur 1. Janjgir-Champa 1. Sukma
2. Bilaspur 2. Bijapur 2. Raipur 2.Narayanpur
3. Durg 3. Dantewada 3. Bilaspur 3. Bijapur
16. Scheduled Caste 1. Janjgir-Champa 1. Dantewada 1. Mungeli 1. Sukma
(In Percent) 2. Bilaspur 2. Bastar 2. Janjgir-Champa 2. Bastar
3. Raipur 3. Narayanpur 3. Balodabazar 3. Narayanpur
12
Education & Sports
Education in Chhattisgarh
School Education
● The administrative system of education in the state of Chhattisgarh is being done through the Directorate of
Public Education.
● The state of Chhattisgarh has a total of 28 education districts (27 revenue districts + Sakti).
● For better monitoring, a Divisional Joint Director office was establised in Sarguja and Bastar district.
● According to Census 2011, Chhattisgarh has a literacy rate of 70.28%.
Information of recognized institutions till the session of year 2019
No. of Affiliated Education Institutes
S. No. Name of Exam
Government Private Total
1. High school 4647 1988 6489
2. Higher secondary 2651 1203 3414
Higher Education
At the time of states formation In Present
1) Universities 03 08 (State)
2) Private University – 13
3) Central Universities – 01
4) Government College 116 253
5) Private College 74 244
6) Aided (Grant) Private College 12
Economic Survey 2018–19
Note : Chhattisgarh Tribal and Scheduled Castes Development Commission has approved the establishment of
33 new Eklavya Adarsh Tribal Schools by the financial year 2022. These schools are being run in tribal dominated
districts of the state. At present, 25 Eklavya Tribal Schools are funtioning in Chhattisgarh.
Total Universities in the state
Universities established by the University established by Central Government Private University (13)
state government
1) Dr.C.V. Raman University, Kota (Bilaspur)
2) Mats University, Arang, (Raipur)
State (08) Departmental (04) 3) Kalinga University, Kotni, Raipur
1) Indira Arts and Music University 1) Indira Gandhi Agricultural University 4) ICFAI University, Charoda, (Durg)
(Khairagarh) (Raipur) 5) ITM University, Uparwara (Raipur)
2) Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University 2) Kamadhenu University, Anjora (Durg) 6) O.P. Jindal University, (Raigarh)
(Raipur) 3) Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay University of 7) AMITY University, (Raipur)
3) Pt. Sunderlal Sharma Open University AYUSH & Health Sciences (Raipur) 8) Maharishi University, Mangla, (Bilaspur)
(Bilaspur) 4) Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekananda 9) ISBM University, Chhaura (Gariaband)
4) Kushabhau Thakre Journalism University Technical University (Bhilai)
10) K.K. Modi University, (Durg)
(Raipur)
5) Bastar University (Jagdalpur) 11) Devanskriti University, Kumhari (Durg)
6) University of Sarguja (Gahiraguru) 12) AAFT University, Tilda (Raipur)
7) Bilaspur University (Atal Bihari Vajpayee) 13) Shri Rawatpura Government University,
8) Durg University (Hemachandra Yadav) (Raipur)
(A) National University (01) (B) Departmental University established by the Central
1) Guru Ghasidas University (Bilaspur) Government (08)
1) Hidayatullah National Law University (Raipur)
2) National Institute of Technology (NIT) (Raipur)
Note :
3) All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS) Raipur
• Total Universities in the state - 22 (8 state and 13 private and 1 central)
4) Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kuthelabhanta (Bhilai)
• Formation of "Chhattisgarh State Private University Regulatory 5) International Institute of Information and Technology (Dr.
Commission" to ensure the quality of education in private universities Shyama Prasad Mukherjee) (IIIT) (Raipur)
of the state. 6) Indian Institute of Management (IIM) (Raipur)
• A college has been established in Mathpurana (Raipur) for differently- 7) National Institute of Pharmacy and Education Research
-abled children in the state. (Naya Raipur)
• Late Nandkumar Patel University proposed in Raigarh by the state 8) Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology
government. (CIPET), Raipur
University
S.
Government University Place Formation Particular
No.
1. Indira Arts and Music University Khairagarh 1956 Asia's first and state’s only music university
2. Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla Raipur 1964
University
3. Guru Ghasidas Central Bilaspur 1983 State’s only Central University
University
4. Indira Gandhi Agricultural Raipur 1987 State only Agricultural University
University
5. Hidayatullah National Law Raipur 2003 State's only Law University
University
6. Pt. Sundarlal Sharma Open Bilaspur 2005 State's only open University
University
7. Kushabhau Thakre Journalism Raipur 2005 State's only Journalism University
and Mass Communication
University
8. Swami Vivekananda Technical Bhilai 2005 State's only Technical University
University
9. Bastar University Jagdalpur 2008
10. Surguja University (Gahiraguru) Ambikapur 2008 Earlier Name - Rajmohini Devi University
11. Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Raipur 2008
University of AYUSH & Health
12. Bilaspur University (Atal Bihari Bilaspur 2012 Maximum College affiliated
Vajpayee)
13. Kamadhenu University (Anjora) Anjora 2012
(Durg)
14. Durg University (Hemchand Durg 2015 Most Recent University
Yadav)
Note :
○ First Sports University of Chhattisgarh : Rajnandgaon
○ All India Institute of Medical Science : Raipur
○ Indian Institute of Technology : Raipur
○ Approved Institute :
1) Tribal Museum & Reserach Center : Purkhauti, Muktangan
2) Raja Chakradhar Art Center : Raigarh
Universities
A Government Universities
1. Indira Art and Music University Khairagarh (Rajnandgaon)
● First Vice Chancellor : Shrikrishna Narayan Ratanjankar
● Established : 14 October 1956
● The Indira Arts and Music University was established by Raja Virendra Bahadur Singh & Rani
Padmavati of Khairagarh inside the Raj Mahal after death of their daughter Indira.
● It is considered the first Music University of India as well Asia. It is the only music University in
Chhattisgarh. Courses - 1) Art, 2) Visual Art, 3) Music Faculty, 4) Folk music, 5) Dance, 6) Painting
(Teaching courses are not conducted at Khairagarh University)
● There are following colleges affiliated with Indira art and music university in Chhattisgarh :
1. Shriram Music College, Raipur
2. Kamaladevi Music College, Raipur
3. Bhatkhande Music College, Bilaspur
4. Sharda Music College, Kawardha
5. Chakradhar Music College, Raigarh (Proposed)
2. Pt. Ravishankar University, Raipur
● Established: 1964
● First Vice Chancellor : Dr. Baburam Saxena
● Naming : It is named after first Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla
● It is the first and largest university of general education in state.
3. Guru Ghasidas Central University, Koni (Bilaspur)
● Established: 16 Jun 1983
● First Vice Chancellor : Dr. Laxman Chaturvedi
● It was given the status of Central University in 2009 and is currently the only Central University in
Chhattisgarh.
● It is the Largest University of Asia in terms of area.
4. Indira Gandhi Agriculture University, Raipur
● Established : 20 January 1987
● The only Agriculture University of state.
● Under this, all government and private agricultural education institutes / research (28 private
governments) are included :
1) Barrister Chedilal Agriculture College, Bilaspur
2) Raj Mohini Devi Agriculture College, Sarguja
3) Gundadhur Agricultural College, Jagdalpur
4) College of Agricultural College, Mungeli
5) Dau Kalyan Singh Agricultural College and Research Center, Bhatapara
5. Hidayatullah National Law University Raipur
● Established: 2003
● First Law University of state.
● It is named after former President Hidayatullah.
6. Swami Vivekananda Technological University, Bhilai (Durg)
● Established : 2005 (The only Technical University of state certified from AIC TE)
● Government, Private Engineering and Polytechnic Institutes of the state are related to this University.
Affiliated Collage and Institutes (111)
Engineering & Management Architecture Pharmacy Polytechnic Institutions

(34) (01) (34) (42)
Note :
1. Technical Education :
Government : 3
Autonomous - Self-financing: : 2
CIPET : 1
Under Higher Education Department : 1 (Engineering College, Lakhanpur)
Private Engineering College : 31
Capacity : 15,626
2. Polytechnic College : 60 (32 government, 22 private)
Capacity : 10,524
7. Government industrial training institute

● Total in142 development Block : 178
● Total ITI : 04 (2 - Central & 2 - State Government will be established by state government)
● First ITI : Koni (Bilaspur, 1904)
8. Bilaspur University, Old High Court Building (Bilaspur)
● Established : 2012
● Name : Atal Bihari Vajpayee University
● As soon as Guru Ghasidas University became the Central University .This Uinversty was established to
reduce the work load. At present maximum colleges are affiliated to thus university
9. Kamdhenu University, Anjora (Durg)
● Established : April 2012
● It consist of three faculty
1) Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry
2) Faculty of Milk Science and Food Technology
3) Fisheries faculty
B. Central Government Operated Universities in the State

S.No. Institutes Place Formation Details
1. Guru Ghasidas Central University Bilaspur 2009
2. National (NIT) Institute of Raipur 2006
Technology
3. All India Institute of Medical Science Raipur 2012
(AIIMS)
4. Indian Institute of Technology (IIIT) Bhilai 2014 • 23rd Rank in the country.
• Till 2016 –17 it was operated
as Government Engineering
College Raipur.
5. National Institute of Pharmaceuticals Naya 2015–16
Education and Research Center Raipur
6. International Institute of Naya 2015–16 • It was established in 2013 on the
Information Technology (IIT) Raipur PPP model between Chhattisgarh
(Dr. Shyamaprasad Mukherjee government and NTPC
International Information and
Technology Institute)
7. Indian Institute of Management Raipur 2010–11
(IIM)
8. HNLU Raipur 2003
(Hidayatullah National Law
University, Raipur)
9. Central Institute of Plastic Engi- Raipur 2016
neering and Technology, Bhanpu-
ri, Raipur)
Note : The country's second Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET) proposed at
Sayahi Mudi (Korba).
C. College
1. Rajkumar College, Raipur
● Established : 1882 (Jabalpur)
1894 (Raipur)
● Founder : Andrew Fraser
● The first educational institution of the state which was established in Jabalpur for education of children
for the higher classes.
2. J. Yoganandam Chhattisgarh College
● Established : 16 July 1938
● Founder : Shiksha Shastri J. Yoganandam
● First and Oldest College of Chhattisgarh.
● It was established in 1937 by Chhattisgarh Educational Society formed by Thakur Pyarelal Singh (First
Principal – J. Yoganandam). )
3. Shiv Bhagwan Rameshwar Lal (SBR) College, Bilaspur
● Present Name : Jamuna Prasad College, Bilaspur
4. Government (D.S.V.) Sanskrit College, Raipur
● Only Sanskrit College of Chhattisgarh
Note :
○ Mahakaushal Shikshak Samiti, Raipur : 1944
○ Total Government Colleges : 252
○ Non-government funded colleges : 13
○ Autonomous College : 11
○ Non-Government Grants Unaided College : 239
D Medical College
Medical College
Government Medical College (07) Private medical college (03)
1. Chandulal Chandrakar
Central (01) State (06) Memorial Medical College
1. All India Institute 1. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Durg,
of Medical Sciences Medical College, Raipur (1963) (First Private College of State)
(AIIMS), Raipur 2. Chhattisgarh Istitute of Medical 2. Shri Shankaracharya Medical
(2012) Sciecne (CIMS), Bilaspur (2001) College, Bhilai
(Only Central 3. Lt. Lakhiram Agarwal Memorial 3. Raipur Institute of Medical
Medical College) Medical College, Raigarh (2013) Science (RIMS), Raipur
4. Lt. Baliram Kashyap
Memorial Medical College,
Jagdalpur (2006)
5. Government Medical College,
Rajnandgaon (2014)
6. Government Medical College,
Ambikapur (3 September 2016)
Note : Proposed at Government Medical College Kanker, in addition to Mahasamund and Korba.
Livelihood (Gujar-Basar) College, Dantewada :

● Established : October 2012
● Location : Javanga Village, South Bastar Dantewada
: (Currently this college is operational in all the districts of Chhattisgarh)
● Objective : To provide employment and self-employment to unemployed youth/women by training
them.
Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Mememorial Health Collage, Raipur :
● Universities affiliated to Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Science &Ayush Collage :
1. Medical College
● Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Medical College : Raipur
● Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Science (CIMS) : Bilaspur
● Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical University : Durg (First Private Medical College
of State)
● Late, Baliram Kashyap Memorial Mediacal College : Jagdalpur (2006)
● Government Medical College : Ambikapur (3 September 2016)
● Late. Lakhiram Agrawal Memorial Medical College : Raigarh (2013)
● Government Medical College : Rajnandgaon (2014)
Private College :
● Raipur Institute of Medical Science (RIMS) : Raipur
● Shri Shankracharya Medical College : Bhilai
2. Naturopathy & Yoga College (Private)
● Shri Mahavir Naturopathy and Yoga science Medical College : Nagpura (Durg)
3. Unani Medicine College (Private)
● Mohsin-E-Millat Unani Medical College : Raipur
4. Homoeopathy Medical College (Private)
● Raipur Homoeopathic College : Raipur
● Maharana Pratap Homoeopathic College : Raipur
● C.L. Chouksey Memorial Homoeopathic College : Bilaspur
5. Dental College
● Government Dental college : Raipur
Private College :
● New Horizon Dental College and Research institute : Bilaspur
● Triveni Institute of Dental Science : Bodri, Bilaspur
● Rungta College of Dental Science and Research : Bhilai
● Maitri College of Dentistry and research center : Anjora (Durg)
● Chhattisgarh Dental College : Sundra (Rajnandgaon)
6. Ayurveda College
● Government NPA Ayurveda College : Raipur
● Government Ayurveda College : Bilaspur
Private College :
● Rajiv Lochan Ayurved Medical College : Durg
● Bharti Ayurved Medical College : Durg
● Chhattisgarh Dental College : Sundra (Rajnandgaon)
● Chhattisgarh Ayurved Medical College : Rajnandgaon
7. Physio Therapy College
● Government Physio Therapy College : Raipur
Private College :
● Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Science, Physio therapy : Raipur
● Bharti Ayurved Medical College : Durg
● Apollo college of Physio Therapy : Durg
● Rajiv Lochan Ayurved Medical College : Durg
8. Nursing Medical College
● Number of Government Nursing Medical College : 08
● Number of Private Nursing Medical College : 75
E. Veterinary College
1) College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandary (Anjora, Durg)(1985)
2. College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandary, Sarkanda (Bilaspur)
3. College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Raipur (1983)
4. Fishery College, Kabirdham (2012)
Note :
○ Second Fishery College (Rajnandgaon) – Proposed
○ Proposed Colleges in State :
In the year 2017–18, 11 private Colleges and Five Government Colleges were approved for
construction in the State.
○ 5 Government Colleges :
1) Birgaon (Bilaspur)
2) Chandrapur (Janjgir-champa)
3) Sariya (Raipur)
4) Katekalyan (Dantewada)
5) Kharora (Raipur)
(Sports)
Sports Competitions in Chhattisgarh :

1) Mahant Sarveshwar das, Memorial : Hockey
2) Subroto Mukherjee Cup : Football
3) Bisahudas Mahant Memorial : Football
4) Gondwana Cup : Lawn Tennis
5) Hindi sports Challenge : Football
6) Nazir Ahmed Memorial : Cricket
National/International Level Sports Competition Organized in Chhattisgarh :

1) Hockey World League (2015)
● Organized in : Raipur, Rajnandgaon
● Winner : Australia
● Runner up : Belgium
● India defeated the Netherland and won the bronze medal.
2) IPL Cricket – 2016 : Two Matches in Vir Narayana Singh Stadium (Naya Raipur)
3) Under 14 All India Tennis Tournament 2016 : Organized in Raipur
4) 14th National Power Lifting Tournament 2016 : Organized in Raipur
5) All India Civil Services Cricket Tournament 2016 : Organized in Raipur
6) Chhattisgarh in Ranji Trophy tournament (2019-20)
● It has been included in the Central Zone by the BCCI giving membership to the Chhattisgarh
Cricket Association.
● It was recognized to participate in Ranji Trophy in 2016 in Chhattisgarh.
● Chhattisgarh defeated Tripura by nine wickets in their first match of Ranji Trophy. Other results
are as follows :
● Facts related to the match held in the Chhattisgarh Ranji Cricket Team 2019-20 this year
{ First match : 9 December 2019 (against Odisha team)
{ Event : Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Stadium Raipur
{ Captain : Harpreet Singh Bhatia
{ Coach : Sulakshan Kulkarni
Traditional Sports Of Chhattisgarh

● Male's Dominated Sports : Bhaura, Gilli Danda, Banti, Chauser, Gedi, Wrestling
● Female Dominated Sports : Fugdi, Gharghundia, chudi Binoul, chudi Lookaul, Billas, Rope Jumping,
Langarchi, Saga-pahuna
Season Sports :
● Rainy season games : Gedi, Contul, Gharghudiya, Banti
● Winter sports : Ulaanbanti, rope jumping,Allga kud, Bhaura, chudi lookaul
● Summer Games : Pakharatuk, Gota, Gilli Danda, Atha-Panja, Chudi Binul
Festival Based Games :
● Coconut Throw : Hareli
● Wrestling : Nag Panchami
● Bull Race : Pora or Pola
● Putra - Putri : Akti (Tritiya of Shukla Paksha of Baisakh month)
● Gedi : Hareli
Miscellaneous Popular Games :
● Related to wet soil : Foda, Gharghundia
● Related to bantee : Raw-paved, Das bees, Panchdubiya
● The game of bantee : Ghera banti, Kot-kot
● Related to Bangles : Chudi Binoule, Chudi Lookaul
● Related to bhaunra : Lattu in Sarguja region, Bhunnati
● Related to Goti : Gotimar, Tippa, Bhotkool
● Related to the ball : Gidi gada, pittool
● Related to tree leaves : Philfili (Firki), Panalari, Tutru
● Related to points : Chor Sipahi, jowl
● Other collective sports : Nadi Pahar, Andhi Chapati, Gham-Chhaan, Baghuwa, Rastip (Luka
Chhupi), Dandi Pauha
● Song dominated folksports : Possum-Pa, Ghandi-Mundi, Attakan-Matkan, Keau Meu Mekra Ke Jala, Gol
Gol Rani
● Fugdi : The game is popular among the girls .It is a lyrical game.
● Khuduwa : Kabaddi-like game
Chhattisgarh's Sports Honors

S.No. Award Field Amount First Recipient
1. Gundadhur award For outstanding performance in 2 lakhs Ashish arora
the field of sports
2. Martyr Rajeev Senior players 2.25 lakhs Amit Dalai and Tej Singh Sahu
Pandey (For good performance in
national competition)
3. Martyr Kaushal To the junior player 1 lakhs Sabanam Bano and Durga
Yadav Award (For good performance in Prasad Janghel
national competition)
4. Hanuman Singh Sports Training and Coach 2.25 lakhs Sanjay sharma
Award Arvind Soni and Teklal Kurre
5. Praveer Chandra In the field of archery
Bhanjadev Award
6. Martyr Vinod Under the Life Time Achievement
Chaubey Award in Sports Sector
7. Chief Minister To the entire team for any game (Senior and
Trophy Award Junior)
Note :
• The Government of Chhattisgarh has announced the award for sports in the name of the leaders killed in
the Jhiram Valley attack.
• Police personnel who have shown indomitable courage to encounter Naxalites in Chhattisgarh have been
awarded in the State Investiture Ceremony (2019) Chhattisgarh Shaurya Medal :
1. Yugal Kishor (Posthumous)
2. Krishlal (posthumously),
3. Suresh Kashyap (Assistant Sub Inspector)
4. Mukesh (Head constable Tati)
In the year 2017, the Yugal Kishor and Krishlal Sahu played an important role in the encounter of Naxalites
in the forest of Gatapar in Rajnandgaon.
Sports stadium of Chhattisgarh
● Shaheed Veernarayan Singh International : Parsada (Naya Raipur)
Cricket Stadium [Construction - by Nagarjuna Construction Company
(Hyderabad) in 2008]
● International Blue Turf Hockey Stadium : Raipur (29 August 2014)
● International Astroturf Hockey Stadium : Rajnandgaon(First International Hockey Stadium in
Chhattisgarh)
● Balbir Singh Juneja Indoor Stadium : Raipur
● Digvijay Stadium : Rajnandgaon
● Jayanti Stadium : Bhilai
● Raja Raghuraj Stadium : Bilaspur
● Sports center : Bilaspur
● Second Indoor Stadium : Bilaspur
● Astroturf Hockey Stadium : Bilaspur
● First Astrogras Football and Basketball Stadium : Bhilai
(Lt. Rajesh Patel Stadium)
Excellent Players from Chhattisgarh

1. Hockey : Rajnandgaon : 1. R. Bastian 2. Renuka Yadav
Bilaspur : 1. Leslie Claudius 2. Basheer Ahmed 3. Qureshi
Bhilai : 1. Neeta Dumre 2. Mrinal Chaubey 3. Syed Abdul Ghaffar
Durg : Saba Anjum (Awarded Arjuna in 2013 and Padma Shri in 2015, currently
D.S.P.)
2. Power lifting : 1. Tandra Rai Chaudhary 2. Virendra Kumar Sahu 3. Akhilesh Tomar
4. Krishna Sahu
3. Weight lifting : 1. Rustom Sarang 2. Ajay Deep Sarang 3. Budharam Sarang
4. Wrestling : 1. Awadhesh Yadav
5. Football : 1. Hubert Claudius 2. Leslie 3. Arun Kumar
6. Cricket : 1. Rajesh Chauhan 2. Santosh Sahu 3. R.D. Outy
7. Basketball : 1. Rajesh Patel 2. Navneet Kaur 3. Poonam Chaturvedi
(Asia's longest player)
4. Anju Lakra 5. Navneet Kaur
8. Volleyball : 1. Basir Ahmed Khan 2. Vinodarai 3. Ashish Arora
(recipient of the first Gundadhur
honor)
9. Handball : 1. Vijaya Reddy 2. Shabana Qureshi 3. Kunal Sharma
4. Prabha Nair 5. Gurudeep Singh
10. Netball : 1. Ku. Preeti Banchore 2. Ku. Sarita Yadav 3. Neha Bajaj
11. Boxing : 1. Rajendra Prasad 2. Virendra Sahu 3. Karan Sonkar
4. Tandra Banerjee 5. Rajesh Chandra
12. Karate : 1. Amber Singh Bhardwaj (Gundadhur Award - 2014)
13. Chess : 1. Manoj Verma 2. Sudhakar Babu 3. Santosh Kaushik
4. Kiran Agarwal 5. Anil Tuteja
14. Badminton : 1. Sanjay Mishra 2. Aakarshi Kashyap 3. Sanyam Shukla
(Senior men's doubles game in
2014)
15. Table Tennis : 1. Sameer Sarkar
16. Shooting : 1. Amar Deep Singh Rai 2. Sania Sheikh
17. Gymnastics : 1. Akhilesh Tomar
18. Judo : 1. Reena Sahu
19. Bicycle Polo : 1. Noh Ronald Emajuel
20. Weightlifting : 1. Durga Janghel, Rustom Sarang (Raipur)
21. Cycling : 1. S. Chakravarthy
22. Swimming : 1. Anjani Patel (Para Swimming)
23. Kayaking : 1. Mamta Pradhan 2. Dev Kumari
Canoeing
(boat race)
List of outstanding players announced by the Government of Chhattisgarh :

1. Basketball : Aarti Singh (Raipur)
2. Archery : Teklal Kurre, Arvind Soni (Bilaspur)
3. Power Lifting : Santosh Manjhi, (Maroda, Durg), Sunita Toppo (Bhilai)
4. Handball : Amita Dalai (Durg)
: Israt Anjum, Syma Anjum, Vinita Das (Mahasamund)
: Chitreshwari Dhruv, Priyanka Sharma (Raipur)
: Matti Murmu, Anita Yadav, Shabnam Bano, Anamika Mukherjee, Ku. Pushpa,
Anjalina Lawrence, Juliet Lawrence, Karishma Sahu (Bhilai)
5. Boxing : R.K. Raju (Bhilai Nagar)
6. Weightlifting : Rustom Sarang (Raipur)
7. Netball : Priti Banchore, Sarita Yadav (Raipur), Balwinder Kaur Anand (Bhilai)
8. Judo : Ku. Reena Sahu (Bhilai)
Great players of the state :
Players Honored with Arjuna Award
Player Sport Years Place
Hanuman Singh Basketball 1975 Durg
Rajendra Prasad Boxing 1993 Durg
Devendra Singh Para Olympics 2004 Bilaspur
Saba Anjum Hockey 2013 Durg
Olympian
Player Sport Year/Competetion Place

Rajendra Prasad Boxing 1980, Masco Olympics Bhilai, Durg
Hanuman Singh Basketball 1980, Masco Olympics Durg
Mr. S. Chakravarthy Cycling 1960, Rome Olympics Durg
1962, Jakarta, Olympics
Vincent Lakra Hockey 04 World Cup Jashpur
R. Bastian Hockey 1960, Rome Olympics Rajnandgaon
Leslie Claudius Hockey In Olympics of Bilaspur
1948,1952,1956 and 1960
Shaheed Rajiv Pandey Award Year 2018-19
S.No. Name of the players Name of the sport Prize money

Olympic
01 Mr. Abhilash Raj Archery 3,00,000/-
02 Miss. Bhavika Ramteke Handball 3,00,000/-
03 Ku Swati Sahu Kayaking Canoeing 3,00,000/-
Ku Pinky Sahu
04 Shri Anup Chaudhary Fencing 3,00,000/-
Non Olympic
05 Ku Anisha Nair Rollball 3,00,000/-
06 Mr. Sunil Raj Softball 3,00,000/-
Paralympic
07 Mr. Ashwan Kumar Sonwani Para Body Building 3,00,000/-
SHAHEED KAUSHAL YADAV AWARD YEAR 2018-19
S. No. Name of the players Name of the sport Cash prize

Olympic
01 Mr. Ishank Yadav Fencing 1,50,000/-
02 Mr. Shikhar Singh Volleyball 1,50,000/-
03 Mr. Vijay Kumar Dolai Kayaking Canoeing 1,50,000/-
04 Ku Veena Thakur Weightlifting 1,50,000/-
Non Olympic
05 Mr. Nikhil Nayak Softball 1,50,000/-
06 Ku Lakshmi Nirmalkar Bicycle polo 1,50,000/-
Paralympic
07 Mr. Nikhil Nayak Softball 1,50,000/-
VEER HANUMAN SINGH AWARD YEAR 2018-19 (COACH)
S. No. Name of the player Name if the sports Cash prize
01 Ramesh Karate 1,50,000/-
02 Archana Kaur Rollball 1,50,000/-
VEER HANUMAN SINGH AWARD YEAR 2018-19 (UMPIRE)
S. No. Name of the player Name if the sport Cash prize
01 Arun Kumar Dwivedi Judo 1,50,000/-
13
Transport & Communication
1. Transport
Contribution of transport (other than rail) to the Gross State Domestic Product (constant price)
Year 2017–18(P) 2018–19(Q) 2019–20(A)
Contribution (Lakh) 476106 510453 543834
Increase (Percent) 8.81 7.21 6.54
Share (Percent) 2.33 2.34 2.36
1. Road Transport
● There are 4 transport facilities in the state :

1) Road Transport
2) Rail Transport
3) Air Transport
4) Water Transport
● Roads are the main means of transport so these are constantly being developed after the formation of the
state.
● First main Road of state : G.E. Road (Great Eastern Road), 1861–62
● National Highway Authority Raipur was established. For maintenance of National Highways.
● Chhattisgarh Transport Commissioner Office – Pandri Raipur
● The VAT rate on machinery and equipment used in civil construction has been reduced from 14 percent to
5 percent. With a view to promote infrastructure development,
● Construction of 52 large bridge and 134 medium bridges are in progress in the year 2013–14.
● The longest bridge of the state (1830 m in length) is constructed on Mahanadi in Raigarh district. With the
construction of this bridge, traffic between Raigarh and Pusaur, Sariya and Orissa become accessible.
Distribution of roads in the state as on March 2019
Types of road Total length
National Highway 3526 Km.
State highway 4176 Km.
Main district road 11501 Km.
Rural roads and other district roads 13729 Km.
Total Roads in the State 32932 Km.
National Highway in Chhattisgarh :

Based on the new serial number :
S. National
Name Length
No. Highways No.
1 NH 30 Chilfi-Kabirdham-Bemetra-Simga-Raipur-Dhamtari-Kanker-Jagdal- 636.60
pur-Sukma-Konta (State's longest NH)
2 NH 130 Simga-Bilaspur-Katghora-Ambikapur 292.60
3 NH 130 A NH-30 near Pondi connecting Pandaria, Mungeli, and ends at NH-130 on 105.80
Bilaspur
4 NH 130 B Raipur on NH-30 connecting Palari, Baloda Bazar, Kasdol and terminat- 187.50
ing at its junction with NH No. 153 near Sarangarh
5 NH 130 C Abhanpur (National Highway No. 30) Rajim, Gariaband, Bardula, Devb- 196.00
hog
6 NH 130 D Kondagaon (National Highway No. 30) to Narayanpur 49.70
7 NH 930 National Highway near Purur No. 30 to Balod, Kusumkasa, Kumhari, 115.40
Manpur Road
8 NH 43 Shahdol-Manendragarh-Ambikapur-Jashpurnagar 353.00
9 NH 243 Ambikapur-Ramanujganj Road 110.00
10 NH 49 Bilaspur – Champa – Raigarh 196.60
11 NH 149 B Champa (National Highway No. 49) Korba, Chhuri, Katghora (National 70.20
Highway No. 130)
12 NH 53 Dhule – Nagpur – Raipur – Sambalpur 322.00
13. NH 153 Saraipali-Sarangarh-Raigarh 86.80
14. NH 353 Ghodari-Mahasamund-Bagbahara-Khariar Road 65.60
15. NH 63 Bhopalpatnam-Gidam-Jagdalpur National Highway No. 153 236.80
16. NH 163 Bhopalpatnam-Venkatapuram-Warangal Hyderabad 36.00
17. NH 163A Gidam (National Highway No. 63) to Dantewada (smallest NH) 12.00
3073.00
Details :
● Total number of National Highways : 17 (at present)
● Longest National Highway : NH30 (636 km) > NH43 > NH53
● Shortest National Highway : NH163A (12 km) > NH163 > NH130D
Road Corridor Construction
● Two north-souths, Four East-West corridor networks were developed towards North-South.
● The total length of the corridor routes is 2.9 thousand km.
Under the North-South corridor :
● NS 1A : Ramanujgunj, Ambikapur, Bilaspur, Raipur, Kanker, Jagdalpur, Konta Marg (924 km)
● NS 1B : Dhanwar, Vadrafnagar, Ambikapur Marg (110.6 km)
● NS 2 : Mariyagundam : Janakpur Marg (955.7 km)
East–West Corridor
1. Manpur – Devbhog
2. Kotmi – Lavakera
3. Pandaria – Sohela
4. Manendragarh – Raikera
State Highway
● Total Number : 27
● Longest State Highway : SH 5
● Smallest State Highway : SH14
SH 1 SH 7 SH 13 SH 41
SH 2 SH 8 SH 14 SH 42
SH 3 SH 9 SH 15 SH 47
SH 4 SH 10 SH 16 SH 48
SH 5 SH 11 SH 25 SH 52
SH 6, SH – 6A SH 12 SH 39
2. Rail Transport
● Total length of railway line : 1213 km (According to the report of Ministry of Railways, GOI)
● Only Narrow gauge : Raipur to Dhamtari, short line 89 km. (currently not in work)
● First rail line : Nagpur to Rajnandgaon
○ Opening : 27 November 1888 (Between Bengal-Nagpur)
○ Established : In 1890
○ The railway lines in Chhattisgarh were constructed by the Bengal-Nagpur Railway Company under the
Great Peninsular Railway during the British rule.
● First Railway Station : Rajnandgaon
● In 1880, a meter gauge railway line was established from Rajnandgaon to Nagpur.
● Before the formation of the state railway network in the state was just 1196 km.
South–East–Central Railway
● Headquarters : Bilaspur
● Railway Zone : 16th
● Founded : 1 April 2003 (Declaration 1998)
● There are three railway divisions under this 16th railway zone (South-East Central Railway)
– Raipur
Bilaspur (1900, Oldest)
Nagpur
● Bilaspur railway division is the largest revenue giving division of India.
● Bilaspur was made a railway division in 1900.
● Railway Police Headquarters - Raipur
● About 13% of India's total railway revenue comes from the Bilaspur zone.
● Railway Station – Dongargarh
Bhilai
Raipur
Bilaspur
Raigarh
● Proposed new railway line – Dallirajhra to Jagdalpur
○ Its construction will be completed in two phases, which is targeted to complete by 2020–21.
○ 17 km railway line was constructed from Dalli Rajhara to Gudum.
● Objective :
○ Connecting the southern part of the state with the rail network.
○ Supply of iron ore from Raoghat to Bhilai Steel Plant.
Railway Lines in State

● The following four railway projects have been identified for implementation in the first phase by the joint
venture company; these plans are proposed to be implemented through SPV :
(i) Dongargarh : Khairagarh - Kawardha - Mungeli - Kota - Katghora : 270 km
(ii) Raipur : Jharsuguda (via Balodabazar) : 310 km
(iii) Ambikapur : Barwadih : 182 km
(iv) Surajpur : Parsa (Project East / East West Corridor) : 122 km
Metro Rail
● A metro rail project was announced for the purpose of modern and rapid rail connectivity between Ra-
jnandgaon-Durg-Raipur-Naya Raipur Which was targeted to be completed by 2021, which costs around 20
thousand crores. This will be done in three stages :
Phase I : Durg - Raipur (45 km)
Phase II : Rajnandgaon - Durg (45 km)
Phase III : Telibandha (Raipur) - Naya Raipur (40 km)
Railway Corridor Project

● In view of the development of passenger facilities and industrial development in North Chhattisgarh (public
and private) - three railway corridors were being constructed on partnership PPP model.
● It is the first rail corridor project of PPP model of independent India.
● Total length : 452 km
● Joint Partnership : Central Railway Board, State Government and SECL
● Cost : 4.5 thousand crores
1) East Corridor → Length – 173 km.
Kharsia – Dharamjaigarh – Korba (till 2020)
2) East-West Corridor → Length - 151 km
Gevarod - Deepika - Katghora - Sendurgarh - Pasan - Pendra Road (till 2019)
3. Water Transport
● Chhattisgarh has the least expansion of water transport facilities. Water transport facility is available only on
Shabari River in the state from Konta Tehsil of Sukma to Kunvaram, Telangana (36 km).
4. Air Transport
● The only airport of state Swami Vivekananda airport is located in Mana of Raipur.It was named after Swami
Vivekanand in 2012.
The second airport of the state is proposed in Raigarh district.
● Raigarh has been given the status of Second class Airport for the domestic flight by Airport Authority of
India (AAI) from July (2013).
● Runways - There are a total of 10 runways in Chhattisgarh. Through which the regional network with air-
ports can be strengthened.
Source : Economic Survey of Chhattisgarh Government 2016–17 (Page –185)
S. No. Name District Under

1. Baikunth runway Baikunthpur State Government
2. Derma runway Ambikapur State Government
3. Agadeeh runway Jashpur State Government
4. Jindal (JSPL) runway Raigarh Private Sector
5. Korba Runway Korba State Government
6. Bilaspur runway Chakarbhatha (Bilaspur) Army Central Government
7. Nandini runway Bhilai (Durg) Central Government
8. Jagdalpur runway Jagdalpur Subject to D.R.D.O. (currently operated)
9. Bijapur runway Bijapur
10. Dantewada runway Dantewada
Airline Service providing company in Chhattisgarh :

○ Air India
○ Vistara Airlines
○ Indigo
2. Communications in Chhattisgarh
Radio
● Radio broadcasting started in India - 3 June 1936
● It is called 'All India Radio' (Akashwani).
● All India Radio Center in Chhattisgarh :
1) Raipur AIR Center : 2 October, 1963 (first)
2) Ambikapur All India Radio Center started : 20 December 1976 (second)
3) Jagdalpur AIR Center : 1977
4) Bilaspur AIR Center : 1991
5) Raigarh AIR Center : 1992
6) Saraipali AIR Center :
Note : The first FM of the state started in the year 2003 in Raipur.
Doordarshan
● Launched in India - 1959 (Delhi)
● Raipur Doordarshan was established in 1972–73
● Color television started airing from August 15, 1982
● High power transmitter of 10 KW was installed at Raipur (I), Jagdalpur (II) and Ambikapur (III).
● Low power transmitters were installed at Bilaspur, Korba, Raigarh, Manendragarh, Champa, Sakti, Pen-
draroad, Pathalgaon, Saraipali, Dongargarh, Dallirajhra, Kanker and Bailadila etc.
● Doordarshan studios were installed in Raipur and Jagdalpur for the live telecast of a program.
Cinema
S.No. Film Year Producer Director Lyricist
1. Debut film - Kahi Debe 1965 Manu Nayak Manu nayak Hanumantha Naidu
Sandesh (Rajdeep)
2. Second Film - Ghar Dwar 1985 Vijay Kumar Pandey Niranjan Tiwari Hari Thakur
3. First Color and Most 2000 Shivdayal Jain Satish jain Laxman Masturia
Successful Film
Post Office
● The first Postal Circle in undivided Madhya Pradesh was established in 1962.
● The postal circle was established on 12 November 2001 in Chhattisgarh.
● Currently the number of post offices as of 2016 :
○ Head Post Office – 10
○ Main Post Office – 10
○ Sub Post Office – 320
○ Additional Department Post Office – 2785
Total : 3125
Telecom
● In 1974, a telecom office was established in Raipur.
● According to 2011 census the - 30.7 percent households had telephone and mobile facilities.
● According to the Government of India (TERM), the state had 140.35 lakh mobile subscribers till March
2014.
News Paper
1. 1889 – Prajaahitaishee
○ Place : Rajnandgaon
○ Hindi weekly newspaper
○ Registrar : Bhagwan Sirokiya
2. First newspaper - 'Chhattisgarh Mitra' (1900)

○ First monthly magazine
○ Published by Madhav Rao Sapre (Associate - Ramrao Chincholkar)
○ Place : Pendraroad, Bilaspur
○ It was published for three years.
3. First daily newspaper - 'Mahakaushal'

○ Started from Nagpur as a weekly magazine in 1936
○ Editor : Ambika Charan Shukla
○ Transfers : 1951 AD from Nagpur as Raipur daily magazine. (Editing - Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla)
4. Chhattisgarh Sevak
○ "First Chhattisgarhi newspaper"
○ Publication : 1955
○ Editing : Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh
5. "Dandakaranya"
○ Bastar's first daily newspaper
○ Publication : 17 May 1959
○ Place : Jagdalpur
○ Publisher : Mr. Satish Banerjee
○ Publication language : Hindi, English, Halbi
6. Bastaria
○ First tribal newspaper
○ Publication : 2 October 1984
○ Place : Jagdalpur
○ Publication : Lala Jagdalpuri
○ Language : Halbi, Hindi
7. India Calling
○ First english language newspaper
○ Place : Raipur
○ Publication : 1953
8. Other :
○ Tha Uday Pratap : 'Haihayavansh'
○ Vinay Kumar Pathak : Bhojali
○ Madhavrao Sapre : Hindi Ganath Academy mandali, Hindi Granthamala
History of newspapers in Chhattisgarh

1. 1900 'Chhattisgarh Mitra' : Madhavrao Sapre
2. 1907 'Hind Kesari' : Madhavrao Sapre
3. 1907 'Saraswati' : Padumlal Punnalal Bakshi
4. 1915 'Sunrise' : Kanhaiyalal Sharma
5. 1921 'Arunoday' : Tha. Pyarelal Singh
6. 1922–23 ‘Jail Patrika’ : Pt. Sundarlal Sharma
7. 1924 'Kanyakubj' : Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla
8. 1924–25 ‘Vikash’ : by Bilaspur Development Council (Kuldeep Sahay)
9. 1934–35 ‘Utthan’ : by Raipur Development Council
10. 1936 'Mahakaushal' : Ambika Charan Shukla (Weekly)
11. 1947 'Chhattisgarh Kesari' : Deepchand Daga
12. 1951 'Mahakaushal' : Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla (First Daily)
13. 1959 'Nai Duniya' : Late. Shri Mayaram Shukla (First Daily)
In 1974, it was named 'Deshbandhu'.
It was the oldest continuously published newspaper in the state.
14. 1961 'Yugadharma'
15. 1984 'Navbharat' (26 September)
16. 1988–94 ‘Dainik Bhaskar’
17. 1990 'Deshbandhu'
18. 2001 'Haribhoomi
Regional News Paper in Chhattisgarh

● Bastar : 1. 'Dandakaranya' - 17 May 1959 - Satish Benerjee
2. 'Bastaria' - 2 October, 1984 - Lala Jagdalpuri
3. 'Bastaria' - a newspaper published in the Halbi language from Jagdalpur
● Raipur : 1. 'Chhattisgarh Sevak' was the only newspaper published from Raipur in Chhattisgarhi language.
: 2. 'Mayarumati'
● Maximum published newspaper : Dainik Bhaskar (1991– Raipur)
Note :
○ 'Alok' : 1935, Shri Swarajya Prasad Dwivedi and Keshav Prasad Verma Hindi Literature Board.
○ The first daily Rashtravani from Bilaspur was registered in 1960 and the publication of Bilaspur Times began
in 1974.
○ Dhan ka katora : 1968, Published by Dr.Vinay Kumar Pathak from Bilaspur.
○ 'Bhojali' : 1968–75 (quarterly), Published by Dr.Vinay Kumar Pathak from Bilaspur.
○ 'Chhattisgarh Sahkari Sandesh' : Indira Art and Music University, Khairagarh Published by Dr. Vimal Kumar
Pathak.
Newspaper Newspaper Name Year

First monthly Chhattisgarh Mitra 1900
First weekly Mahakaushal 1936–37
First daily Mahakaushal 1951
First Chhattisgarhi Chhattisgarh sevak 1955
Information Technology in State

State Information Technology Policy :
1. Preparation of "Employment providers" rather than "Employment seekers".
2. To establish Chhattisgarh as the leading state for investment in the field of information technology.
3. To fullhill the needs of last person through information technology.
4. To make maximum use of information technology system and improve the governance.
5. To make Internet facility available to the general public, so that information can be easily transmitted to
them.
6. Ensuring internet connectivity anytime, anywhere.
7. Providing 100 percent IT literacy in all high schools and colleges in a phased manner to all schools.
8. Development of NET project.
CHIPS :
● Chhattisgarh Infotech and Biotech Promotion Society (CHIPS) was established to speed up the development
of information technology in the state for overall socio-economic development.
● CHIPS was a registered society formed by the state government, which worked as a nodal agency. This insti-
tution plays an important role in advancing and accelerating information technology and biotechnology in
the state. The Chief Minister heads the highly empowered governing council of CHIPS.
CHOICE (Chhattisgarh Online Information for Citizen Improvement) :

● 'Single Window Diagnostics' provided instant citizen services anytime, anywhere basis.
● Services of Aadhaar card registration, voter ID card, electricity bill, Jan-Dhan Yojana, banking agent service
and passport etc. were provided from the choice centers.
● More than 3000 Choice Centers operated in the state. They were being operated by the local people. More
than 50 government services are being provided in these. Over 30 lakhs benefited so far.
● 'CHIPS' also started computer literacy program in rural Choice Centers.
● Along with Choice, e-District Project was also going on in the State. Most of the departments including tehsil
offices, collectorate, municipality, and municipal offices connected to this network.
Public Service Center :

● Public Service Guarantee Centers started in all the 27 district headquarters of the state, in which applicants
got the facility to get caste, residence, income certificate, birth-death registration certificate, marriage cer-
tificate etc. online. These centers will be able to get about 31 types of services within the fixed time frame.
Mobile App :
● Through the mobile app of the Public Relations Department of the state government, information about
policies, decisions and schemes of the state government will be available easily.
● More Kheisa Mobile App - Digital financial transactions will be promoted through this app.
'Bhuinya' :
The scheme related to the use of information technology for computerization and distribution of land re-
cords in the state was computerized with maps of more than 20,000 villages.
Geographic Information System :

Chhattisgarh is the first state in the country, where geographic information system was prepared for more
than 20,000 villages. In this system, information was collected mainly in 37 layers on land records map, road-
ways, land use, land drainage, soil variety, forest, forest, water harvesting, minerals, social, cultural and popu-
lation. The Geographical Information System of Chhattisgarh was awarded the National e-Governance Gold
Award by the Government of India.
14
Literature and authors of Chhattisgarh
Arrangement of language literature in Chhattisgarh
On the basis of inscriptions found from Chhattisgarh the history of Chhattisgarhi literature traces back to
third century. The credit for first written form of Chhattisgarhi on a stone Inscription of 1703 AD goes to Pt.
Bhagwan Mishra who was then preacher at Danteshwari Temple of Dantewada.
State has authorized Chhattigarhi as its State language. The Development of literature of any particular
language comes up with the development of that language as language and literature are interdependent.
Eras in Chhattisgarhi Literature
Ancient era or Saga Era Medieval Era or Bhakti Era Modern Era
(From1000AD to 1500AD) (From 1500AD to 1900AD) (From 1900 to present)
● Pt. Sundarlal Sharma
Romantic Sagas Religious and ● Vinod Kumar Shukla
● Ahiman Rani Legendary Sagas ● Dwarika Prasad
● Kewla Rani ● Pandwani Tiwari
● Rewa Rani ● Story of
● Raja Veer Phoolbasan Heroic tales Religious and Social Carols Vocal
Singh (Traditionally evolved) ● Chattisgarh division of compositions
● Story of Kabir Sect ● Poet Gopal
Phoolkunwar ● (Founder – Dhani ● Poet Babu
● Stories of Gods and Dharamdas) Rewaram
Goddess ● Satnam Sect ● Prahlad
● Story of Kalyansay ● (Founder – Guru Dubey
● Gopalla Song Ghasidas) ● Makhan
● Story of Raisingh ● Lakshman
● Dholamaru
● Nagesar Kaina
Famous Personalities Related to Chhattisgarhi literature
● Panini/ Grammarian of Chhattisgarh - HiralalKavyopadhyay
● Founder of Romanticism in Chhattisgarhi - Mukutdhar Pandey
literature (first Romantic Poem of Chattisgarh – KurariKePrati)
● Founder of Experimentalism / Neelkanth - Gajanand Madhav Muktibodh
of Chhattisgarh
● Vidyasagar of Chhattisgarh - Ramdayal Tiwari
● Sonabai of Chhattisgarh - Nirupama Sharma
● Valmiki of Chhattisgarh - Gopal Mishra (court poet of Kalchuri ruler Raj Singh)
First in Chhattisgarh
● The first poet of the Chhattisgarhi language - Dhanidharmadas (Narsimhan Das Vaibhav according to
Dr. Vinay Kumar Pathak)
● First use of the word Chhattisgarhi - Dalram Rao
● First Archaeologist - Mukutdhar Pandey
● First Historian - BabuRevaram
● First storyteller - Banshidhar Pandey (HiruKeKahini)
● First novelist - Shivshankar Shukla (1. Diana keAnjor2. Mogra)
● First maiden epic - Pranayan ji (Shri Ram Katha)
● First Blog writer - Pt. Sundarlal Sharma (Danleela)
● First essayist - Keyur Bhushan
● First dramatist - Lochan Prasad Pandey (Kalikal)
● First female Hindi litterateur - Nirupma Sharma (Bundi Sagar)
● First Poetess - Nirupma Sharma (Patarengi)
● First Chhand - Jagannath Prasad "Bhanu"
● First Critic - Vinay Kumar Pathak
Important songs and Poems of Chhattisgarh

● ArpaPairiKe Dhar - Narendra Dev Verma
● DuniyaAthawariBaazar - Narendra Dev Verma
● GanvaikeGeet - Vimal Kumar Pathak
● BiyasiKeNaagarGeet - Kunj Bihari Chaubey
● Chhattisgarhi Geetau Kavita - Hari Thakur
● ChhattigarhiSuraajGeet - Girivar Das Vaishnav
● Suraj Geet, PhalgunGeet, DubkatGeet - Dwarka Prasad Tiwari
● Chhattisgarhi Geet Mala - Vidyabhushan Mishra
Chhattisgarh litterateurs and their compositions
Anantram Pandey - Kedarnath Thakur -
● Kapti Muni (Drama) ● Bastar Bhushan (1908)
Amritlal Dubey - Keyur Bhushan -
● Tulsi Ke Birwa Jagaye ● Kul Ke Marjaat (Chhattisgarhi Novel)
● Lahar (Poetry)
● Kahan Bilage Mor Dhaan ke Katora
( Chhattisgarhi Novel)
● Kalu Bhagat ( Chattisgarhi Tale)
Kapilnath Mishra - Koduram Dalit -

● Khusra Chirayi Ke Bihav ● Siyani Goth
Krishna Kumar Sharma - Nand Kishor Tiwari -
● ChherChhera (Novel) ● Parema (Chhattisgarhi Drama)
● Chhattisgarhi Sahitya Dasha Evam Disha
● Lokakshar (Publication of Chattisgarhi
Quarterly Magazine)
● Teen Katha Natak
Khoob Chand Baghel - Dr. Narendra Dev Verma -
● Karam Chhadha (Drama) ● Chhattisgarhi Bhasha Ka Udvikas
● Unch Neech (Drama) ● Subah Ki Talaash (Novel)
● Ledga (Drama) ● Apoorva (Chhattisgarhi Poetry)
● Jarnail Singh (Drama) ● Mola Guru Banai Lethe (Popular Chhattisgarhi

Skit)
● Chhattisgarhi State Song’s Composer Arpa Pairi
ke Dhar Mahanadi He Apaar
Girivar Das Vaishnav - Narendra Verma -
● Chhattisgarhi Suraaj (1936) ● Aani – Baani ke Goth
Note - Chhattisgarhi Suraaj is also known as Mirror ● Tharha (A list of books published by
of Chhattisgarh. Published on 1936, this Poetry was Chhattisgarhi Authors)
distributed in Tripuri (Jabalpur) Session of 1939
● Tab au Ab
● Aaj ke goth
Gangadhar Mishra - Narsingh Das Vaishnav -
● Koshalanand Ramayan Saar Sangrah ● Shivayan (1904)
Gopal Mishra/ Gopal Chandra Mishra - Dwarika Prasad Tiwari (Vipra) -
● Sudama Charit ● Ram au Kenwat Samvaad
● Khoob Tamasha ● Kuchhu Kanhi
● Bhakti Chintamani (Krishna Prabandh Kavya) ● Goswami Tulsidas
● Jaimini Ashwamegh ● Gandhi Geet
● Rampratap (Ram Prabandh Kavya) ● Dabkat Geet
(Although Rampratap Poetry was being started by ● Ledga Laika
Gopal Mishra but he got died before completing it, later ● Congress Vijay Aalha
this book was being completed by his son Makhan.) ● Kranti Pravesh
J R Soni - Devi Prasad Verma (Bachhu Janjgiri)) -
● Satnam Ki Darshanik Prishthabhumi ● Kosal Kaumudi]
● Babul ki Chhanv (Poetry) ● Maston Ka Masiha
● Nangmat (Story) ● Raasta kaatati Billi
● Meera (Story) ● Bastar Veerangana
● Chandrakala (Short-Story)
● Urharia (Chhattisgarhi novel)
Tikendra Tikariya Narayan Lal Parmar
● Gavaihan (Drama) ● Aazadi Ke Geet
● Naak Mein Chuna ● Kaanwar Bhar Dhoop
● Nava Bihaan (Drama) ● Akla Badi ya Bhains
● Suruj Nai Mare
● Sone ke Maali (Chhattisgarhi translation of The
Plate of Gold)
● Chhattisgarhi Lok Gaathaein
● Matwaar
Note - He is one of the Child Poet of Chhattisgarh.
Dayashankar Shukla - Pyarelaal Gupta -
● Chhattisgarhi Lok Sahitya Ka Adhyayan ● Prachin Chhattisgarh
● Dhan Luaai
● Gaav Mein Phool Ghalo Gothiyathe
● Lavanglata (Novel)
● Greece Ka Sudhaar (Story)
● France Rajya Ki Kranti Ka Itihaas
● Ek Din (Drama)
● Pandit Lochan Prasad Pandey (Biography)
● Pushpahaar
Daneshwar Sharma - Dr. Pardeshi Ram Verma -
● Har Mausam Chhand Likhunga (Poetry) ● Aava
● Beti Ke Bida ● Mai Baila Nohaanv (Chhattisgarhi drama)
● Lavkush ● Mera Chhattisgarh
● Chhattisgarh Ke Lokgeet ● Jatan (Chhattisgarh Tale)
● Chhattisgarh Mein Devta Bankar Aaye Gandhi
Dr. Paleshwar Prashad Sharma - Baldeo Prashad Mishra -
● Tiriya Janam Jhan Dey (Chhattisgarhi Tale) ● Chhattisgarh Parichay
● Susak Jhan Kurari Sarta Le (Chhattisgarhi Tale) ● Saket Sant (Epic)
● Chhattisgarh Paridarshan ● Ramrajya (Epic)
● Madanmahal
● Maithili Parinay
● Chhattisgarhi Lokjeewan
Pt. Banshidhar Pandey- Brijlal Shukla -
● Heeru Ki Kahini (First novel of Chhattisgarh) ● Chanda aau Aakas ma
● Vishwa Ka Phal (Hindi Drama) ● Beti Bida
● Sukuwa (Poetry on Dr. Vinay Kumar Pathak)
● Sabri Satkaar
● Kisan Kanhaiyya
Pt. Malik Ram Trivedi - Maakhan Mishra -
● Ramrajya (Drama) ● Rampratap (Completed the Incomplete
● Prabodh Chandrodh Creation of Gopal Mishra)
● Shri Naag Pingal Chhand Vilaas
Pt. Mukutdhar Pandey - Medani Prasad Pandey -
● Kurari Ke Prati (First Chhattisgarhi Romantic ● Kachheri
Poem) ● Satsang Vilas
● Pooja Ke Phool (Poetic Collection 1916) ● Sangrah Sagar
● Shailbala (Novel) ● Durjan Darpan
● Meghdoot (Chhattisgarhi translation of
Kalidasa’s Meghdootam)
● Lakshama (Novel)
● Mera Hriday Daan (Story)
● Chhayawaad aur Shreshtha Nibandha
● Smriti Kunj
● Vishwa Bodh
Rajeev Ranjan Prasad - Dr. Rajendra Soni -
● Aamcho Bastar (Novel) ● Khorbahaara Tola Gaandhi Banabo
● Dholkal (Novel) ● Dubbar Ladu Aasadh
● Bastar 1857 (Novel)
● Ashwatthama (Tourism)
● Bastar Ke Jan Nayak (Research Paper)
● Bastarnaama (Research Essay)
● Maun Magadh Mein (Research paper)
Note -
1. Indira Gandhi Rajbhaasha Puraskaar 2014 for
Maun Magadh mein.
2. Rahul Sankritayan Paryatan Puraskaar 2018 for
Bastarnaama
Ram Dayal Tiwari - Rameshwar Vaishnav -
● Hamare Neta Va Swarajya Prashnottari ● Noni Bendri ( Chhattisgarhi Comic Satire)
(Children’s Literature) ● Chhattisgarhi Mahatari Ke Mahima (Poetry)
● Gandhi Mimaansa ● Baalti Bhar Aansu (Chhattisgarhi Poetry)
● Gandhi Extrude
Rewaram Babu - Lakhanlal Gupta -
● Chanda Amrit Barsayis (Novel)
● Haathi Ghoda Palki
Hindi Poetry Sanskrit Poetry Hindi Passages
● Vikram Vilas ● Saar Ramayan ● Ratanpur ka ● Goth Baat (Essay)
● Ram Ashwamegh Dipika Itihaas ● Son Paan (Essay)
● Ratna Pariksha ● Brahman Strot ● Lok Laavanya
● Maata Ke Bhajan ● Ganga lahri Vrittant
● Geeta Madhav ● Ratanpuriha Lakshman Masturiya -
● Narmadashtak Gammat ● Ganwayi Ganga (Chhattigarhi Poetry)
● Mor Sang Chalav Re (Chhattisgarhi Poetry)
● Chhattisgarhi Baal Natak ● Chhattisgarh Ke Maati (Philosophy Of
● Sanjhauti Ke Bera Chhattisgarh)
● Sarag Le Dola Aayis ● Hamu Beta Bhuiyaan Ke (Chhattisgarhi Poetry)
● Suaa Hamar Sangwaari ● Mai Chhattisgarhiya Aawaon Re
Note -
1. Composer and Singer of famous Chhattisgarhi
Song “Mor Sang Chalav Re”
2. Composer of University Anthem of Indira
Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalay
Lala Jagdalpuri - Pt. Lochan Prasad Pandey -
● Bastar : Itihaas Evam Sanskriti ● Kalikal (First drama in Chhattisgarhi 1905)
● Mimiyati zindagi Dahadte Parivesh ● Kirari Ka Kashtha Stambh (Archeological
Essay)
● Bastar: Lok Kala (Cultural Research)
● Gunji Ka Sheelalekh (Archeological Essay)
● Raghuvamsha Saar
● A Grammar of the Chhattisgarhi Dialect of
Eastern Hindi(1921)
● Baal Vinod
● Kususm Mala
● Niti Mala
● Kaushal Kumudi
● Bhutaha Mandal
● Padya Pushpanjali
● Do Mitra (Novel)
Note - Lochan Prasad Pandey was much Popularly
known for his archeological works.
Dr. Vinay Kumar Pathak - Vinod Kumar Shukla -
● Chhattisgarhi Lokgaatha (1970) ● Naukar Ki Kameez

● Chhattisgarhi Sahitya Au Sahityakaar (1971) ● Vah Aadmi Chala Gya
● Ek Rukh Ekech Sakha (Biography and Memoir) ● Lagbhag
(1981)
● Jai Hind
● Ekadashi Au Anchinhaar (Chhattisgarhi Poetry
1998) ● Khilega To Dekhenge
● Bhojali (Chhattisgarhi Quarterly Publication) ● Deewar Mein Ek Khidki Rahti Thi

(1969-75)
● Kisko Kahe Bhala Apna (Poetry) (2010)

Dr. Vimal Kumar Pathak - Vimal Mishra -
● Ganwayi Ke Geet ● Sarsutiya
● Chhattisgarh Ke Heere – Kahan Gye Ve Log
● Hindustan Ek Hai
● Chingaari Ke Phool (Editorial)
Dr. Shankar Shesh - Pt. Sunder Lal Sharma -
● Chhattisgarhi Bhasha Ka Shashtriya Adhyayan ● Chhattisgarhi Daanleela (First Chhattisgarhi
● Gharaunda (Novel) poetry based on Life Lord Shri Krishna)
● Dooriyan ● Prahlaad Charita (Drama)
Note - A movie is also produced based on the novel ● Sachha Sardaar (Novel)
● Dhruv Aakhyaan (Drama)
“Gharaunda”.
● Karuna Pachhisi(Poetry)
● Sita Parinay (Drama)
● Parvati Parinay (Drama)
● Kans Vadh (Poetry)
● Vikram Shashikala (Drama)
● Rajim Kshetra (Travel Documentry)
● Chhattisgarhi Ramayan (Poetry)
● Satnaami Bhajanmala
● Shri Krishna Janm Sthan Patrika (From Raipur
Jail)
Dr. Surendra Dubey - Dr. Sanjay Alang -
● Mithak Manchan ● Chhattisgarhi Itihaas Evam Sanskriti
● Kis Kis Par Kavita Likhun ● Shav (Poetry)
● Nukkad Natak Samgrah ● Pagdandi Chhip Gyi Thi (Poetry)
● Do Paanv Ka Aadmi
● Mor Parwa Gawa Ge
● Nava Suruj
● Peera
Note - Dr. Surendra Dubey had been conferred
with Padma Shri on 2010
Sanjeev Bakshi - Hari Thakur -
● Bhoolan Kanda ● Surta Ke Chandan (Chhattisgarhi Song)

● Chhattisgarhi Geet Au Kavita (Poetry)
● Lohe Ke Nagar (Hindi Poetry)
● Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh (Chhattisgarhi
Prose)
● Jai Chhattisgarh (Chhattisgarhi Poem)

● Chhattisgarh Ke Ratna (Biography)
● Dhaan Ke Katora (Chhattisgarhi Poem)
● Chhattisgarh Gaurav Gatha
Harihar Vaishnav - Heeralal Kavyopadhyay -
● Chhattisgarhi Boli Ka Vyakran
● Bastar Ke Dhankul Geet (Research Essay)
Note - Credit for writing first grammar for
● Moh Bhang (Stories) Chhattisgarhi language goes to him, which he wrote
● Raja Aur Bela Kanya on 1885 and it got published on Journal of Bengal
Asiatic Society of 1890.
● Lakshami Jagaar
● Dhankul
Dr. Heeralaal Shukla - Hemnath Yadu -
● Aadivasi Bastar Ka Vrihad Itihas ● Chhattisgarh Au Chhattisgarhiya

● Chhattyisgarh Ramayen (Kishkindha kand)
● Prachin Bastar arthaat Dandakaranya Ka
● Son Chiraiyya
Sanskrutik Itihaas ● Sundar Kaand
● Aranya Kaand
हृदय िसहं चौहान - ● Banihaar (Poetic Collection)
● Chhattisgarh Ke Gau Gohaar
● फु टहा करम
● Chhattisgarh Ke Mati
Female authors of Chhattisgarh

Dr. Nirupama Sharma Shakuntala Verma
Chhattisgarhi - ● Chhattisgarhi Lok Jeewan aur Sahitya (Research
● Patrengi (Poetry) Journal)
● Ritu Barnan (poetry)
● Indradhanushi Chhattisgarh (Essay)
● Dai Khelan De (Poetry)
Hindi -
● Boondon Ka Saagar
● छत्तीसगढ़ की मिहला सािहत्यकार का सं पादन
● Chhattisgarh Ka Dadariya – Editorial
● Baal Geet (Poetry)
● Ushnima (poetry)
Vasanti Verma Sarla Sharma
Chhattisgarhi - Chhattisgarhi -
● Mor Angna Ke Phool (Poetry) 2012 ● Surta Ke Baadar (Memoir)
● Chhattisgarh ka Dadariya - Editorial ● 2. Maati Ke Mitaan (Novel)
● बाल गीत (काव्य) ● Aakhar Ke Aragh (Essay)
● उिष्णमा (काव्य) Hindi
Note - ● Kusum Gaatha (Novel)
1. Mor Angna Ke Phool is considerd to be the ● Bahurangi (Essay)
first poetic collection of Chhattisgarhi language ● Pandwani Aur Teejan Bai (Personality
which had been written by Dr. Vinod Kumar Introduction)
Verma
Note -
2. She had worked as first Poetess for women
empowerment in Chhattisgarh legal Services 1. First Female Novelist (Maati Ke Mitaan 2006)
Authority. 2. First Female writer of Memoir (Surata Ke Baad
2005)
3. 'आखर के अरघ' (2013) में सभी 16 िवधाओं के िनबन्ध जैसे -
सं स्मरण, समीक्षा, पत्र िवधा, िरपोतार्ज आिद।

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SECTION - 1

State Special Facts

State's Salient features

Political History of Chhattisgarh :

Names of Government Buildings

Important Helpline Numbers

Local Bodies Urban Bodies

District Panchayat - 28 Municipal Corp. - 14

Block Panchayat - 146 Municipality - 43

Gram Panchayat - 10971 Municipal Panchayat - 109

New Capital : (Present Name - Atal Nagar Nava Raipur)

State A Emblem picture

State Language: Chhattisgarhi

State Animal and Bird

● Latitudinal Extent : 17°46' 'North latitude to 24°5' North latitude.

Location of neighbouring States As per the location of Chhattisgarh

Land locked Districts - 10

Border District Land- locked District

Plateau of Eastern Baghelkhand (21,863 km2, 16.16%)

Plains of Chhattisgarh (68,064 km2, 50.34%)

Plateaus of Dandkaranya (39,060 km2, 28.91%)

● Chhattisgarh is divided into three divisions on the basis of Geological Structure :

Local Soil found in Nothern and Southern plateaus of Chhattisgarh

Climate condition of Chhattisgarh

2. Crops Based on Seasons :-

Highest production year

३. Major Crops on the basis of utility :

Food Crops Pulses Oilseeds

Production of Major Crops (In 1000 ten.) :

Production of Major Crops

Agricultural Worker Award

Agricutural Development Programme

Organic Farming Scheme

Suraji gram yojana

Chhattisgarh Public Distribution System (PDS)

Northern Region Central Region Southern Region

● Production year : 2017–18

1. Fruit 2,61,518 25,92,450 256776 2542241 9.90

According to Irrigation Date(2018-19) : Net irrigation Area in Hectare (%) :

Net irrigated area :

Under Construction Project

Water Resources Forest Resource Mineral Resources EnergyRsources

9.1 Water Resources

Mahanadi, flows through 9 districs of Chhattisgarh :

Major Projects on Mahanadi

Tributaries from the South Tributaries from the North

Tributaries form South :

Godavari River (1465 km.)

Shabri River Bagh River Taalperu River Indravati River

Rivers confluening from north Rivers confluencing from south

Main Tributaries of Godawari :

Ganga Drainage System (18,406 km,13.62%)

Sonbhadra / Son River (784 km.)

Bramhani River (799 km.)

Narmada Drainage System (743.88 km.2 0.55%)

and Balangi (Nalangi)

3. River Project Dam and Anicut

Khuntaghat/Sanjay Gandhi Project (Bilaspur)

Khudiya/Maniyari/Rajivgandhi project (Mungeli)

Hasdev Bango/Minimata project (Korba) “First Multipurpose project of Chhattisgarh”

Kodar/Veer Narayan Singh project (Mahasamund)

Kelo/Dilip Singh Judev Project (Raigarh)

Mongra Barrage (Rajnandgaon)

10 Kanker Mayna Naini