UENR University of Energy

and Natural Resources

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Programme: BSc. Computer Engineering

A Laboratory Report Presented to the Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering

©2024 University of Energy and Natural Resources

All Rights Reserved

GROUP 3

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD REPORT (PCB)

CENG 203

TITLE OF EXPERIMENT
FULL WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFICATION OF 5V POWER CIRCUIT

Lecturer: Dr. Kankam

© 2024
 Group Members

NAME INDEX №
Salifu Abdul-Rahaman UEB1101522
Ofori Mathias Sekyere UEB1101122
Bennin Humaidu UEB1101222
Frimpong Daniel UEB1101322
Martey Isaac Nii Marlai UEB1101422

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Table of Contents
EXPERIMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 5
Full Wave Bridge Rectification of 5V Power Circuit............................................................................ 5
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB): .................................................................................................. 5
Procedure ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Design Phase: ...................................................................................................................................... 6
PCB Layout:........................................................................................................................................ 7
Manufacturing Preparation: ................................................................................................................. 8
Assembly: ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Testing and Debugging: ..................................................................................................................... 10
EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND RESULTS .......................................................................................... 11
Discussions And Conclusion.............................................................................................................. 11

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Table of Figures

Figure 1.1: Schematic of the PCB ............................................................................................................ 6

Figure 1.2: PCB layout of the Rectifier Circuit ........................................................................................ 8

Figure 1.3: 3D Image of the PCB ............................................................................................................. 9

Figure 1.4: Back of the 3D Image of the PCB .......................................................................................... 9

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 EXPERIMENT
Full Wave Bridge Rectification of 5V Power Circuit

Introduction
Full wave rectification is the type of rectification in which both halves of the input
alternating waveform are converted to a single output waveform. This can be done
using a center-tapped transformer or by bridge rectification. In this experiment, we
focused on bridge rectification.
Objective:
This experiment aims to document the construction and functionality of a full wave
bridge rectification circuit for a 5V power supply.

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB):

The PCB serves as the foundation for the circuit, facilitating the connection and
arrangement of components in an organized manner.
From the experiment, the results found were as expected as that of the theoretical
results. Only just slight and negligible differences were encountered which was not
enough to alter the expected results.

Procedure
The components and equipment needed to experiment are as follows:
Component Quantity
1. Resistor 1
2. Diode 4
3. LED 1
4. Capacitor 2
5. 5V Power Source 1
6. 12V Power Source 2
7. Screw Terminal Block 2
8. Voltage Regulator (LM7805_TO220) 1
9. Connecting Wires

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The procedure followed when we were experimenting was as follows;

Design Phase:

1. We Created a schematic diagram of the circuit layout using a design

software; KiCad.
2. We Choose appropriate components based on the circuit requirements and
availability.
3. We Design the physical layout of the circuit board, arranging components
for optimal performance and space efficiency.

Figure 1.1: Schematic of the PCB

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PCB Layout:

✓ We imported the schematic into the PCB layout software.

✓ We placed components on the PCB layout according to the schematic,

considering factors such as signal flow, heat dissipation, and accessibility.

✓ We then routed traces between components to establish electrical

connections, ensuring proper signal integrity and impedance matching.

✓ The ground and power planes were created to provide stable reference

voltages and minimize electromagnetic interference (EMI).

✓ We performed a design rule check to identify and resolve any layout errors

or violations.

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 Figure 1.2: PCB layout of the Rectifier Circuit

Manufacturing Preparation:
✓ We generated files, which contain the information necessary for PCB fabrication,

including copper traces, drill holes, and component placements.

✓ Created a list of all components required for assembly, including part numbers,

quantities, and reference designators.

✓ We Prepared an assembly drawing illustrating component placement and orientation for

assembly technicians.

✓ We selected PCB specifications such as material type, thickness, and surface finish based

on the application and budget.

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 Figure 1.3: 3D Image of the PCB

Figure 1.4: Back of the 3D Image of the PCB

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Assembly:

✓ We procure all necessary components listed in our list of component

preparation.
✓ Then we assemble the PCB by soldering components onto the board
according to the assembly drawing and component placement.
✓ We perform quality control checks to ensure all components are soldered
correctly, and there are no short circuits or solder bridges.

Testing and Debugging:

✓ Then PCB was tested to verify functionality and performance according to

the design specifications.
✓ We identified and troubleshoot any issues or errors encountered during
testing, making necessary adjustments or component replacements.

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 EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND RESULTS

Discussions And Conclusion

The experiment was conducted to construct by designing a printed circuit board.

A Full Wave Rectification circuit to 5v power output was used to design our
printed circuit board, and is a full wave because both the positive and negative half
cycles of the input waveform are rectified. This is due to the diodes being
connected to the terminals of the Transformer, and then rectifying the current in
both halves of the wave.

The experiment theoritical output voltage is 5v but after our design was done and
completed the value of our output voltage was measured after a power source and a
transformer was connected with a digital multimeter it gave us a value of 5.02
volts which might be due to the instability of some components like the diodes and
the ac power source almost close to their ideal form but, the instability of these
components values when reading from the digital multimeter.

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