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Heat Transfer Applications
Heat Transfer Applications
MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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CONTENTS :
1. INTRODUCTION
2 . A P P L I C AT I O N S
3. REFERENCES
4. CONCLUSION
Modes of Heat flow
Ref [2]
Fig 2
Radiator
Air Conditioner
Fig : 3
Hot air balloon
Fig 4
Fig 5
Melting of ICE
Fig 6
Air cooled engines [3]
Fig 7
Fig 8
Water cooled engines [3]
Fig 9
Sea/Land Breezes
The formation of sea and land breeze follows Heat transfer
through convection.
The molecules at a higher temperature displace the ones at a
lower temperature.
In the afternoon, the surface of the land near the sea is
warmer as compared to in the evening.
Convection causes the air to heat and hence rise.
This warm air near the land is readily replaced by the cool air
resulting in ―Sea Breeze.‖
When its night, the tendency of land to cool down is more.
The air above the sea water is warm and rises up. Once this air
rises, it is replaced by the cool air from the land, which is
commonly referred to as ―Land Breeze.‖
Breezes
Fig 10
Laptops
Fig 11
Microwave oven
Fig 12
Nichrome 80/20
Fig 13
ELECTRIC HEATER
Electric heating coils transfer energy into heat in a variety of heating
applications. They’re an important part of many industrial heating
solutions as well as it has household application
Nichrome
Iron-Chromium-Aluminum alloy.
Silicon Carbide (SiC)
Molybdenum Disilicide (MoSi2)
MATERIAL SELECTION CRITERIA [6]
Fig 15
Fig 14
.
Fig 17
Fig 16
HEAT EXCHANGERS [8]
Thermal efficiency
Cost, availability
Corrosion resistance
Cleanability
Durability
MATERIAL USED
In Steam generator tubing material for Nuclear plants
o Heat treated Inconel 600 wire
o Incoloy 800
o Monel 400
o Stainless steel 304
o Stainless steel 316/316L
DESIRABLE MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Corrosion resistance
o Nominal corrosion rate to decrease the attack
o Resistance to corrosion from off normal composition caused by leak
in upstream heat exchanger or failure in the chemistry control
o Withstand chemistry developed by mixing shell and tube fluids
Diagrams
Fig 18 Fig 19
Heat exchanger
Fig 20
BUILDING INSULATION MATERIALS [10]
Building insulation materials are the building materials which form the thermal
envelope of a building or otherwise reduce heat transfer.
MATERIAL USED
Spray foam
Insulating concrete forms
Rigid panels
Structural insulated panels
Fiberglass batts and blankets (glass wool)
Reflective insulation and radiant barriers
Aerogels,etc
MATERIAL SELECTION CRITERIA
Thermal conductivity
Moisture sensitivity
Compressive strength
Ease of installation
Durability – resistance to degradation from
compression, moisture, decomposition, etc.
Ease of replacement at end of life
Cost effectiveness
Toxicity
Flammability
Environmental impact and sustainability
Insulating materials
Fig 21
Fig 22
SPACESHIPS [11]
Number of Launches
Survivability of Space Environment
Radiation
Magnetic Influences
Plasma Fields
Thermal Differentials
Near Zero Atmospheric Pressure
Traveling Debris
Structural Support
DESIRABLE MATERIAL PROPERTIES
The flexible
Reusable
Lightweight
Thermal properties will conserve energy
Reduce repair costs
Save lives
.
FURNACE
Operating Temperature
Thermal Stability
Strength
Oxidation
Carburization
Sulfidation
Fabricability
Design
Thermal Expansion
Molten Metals
Galling
DESIRABLE MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Fig 23
Fig 24
Kitchen Utensils
Fig 26
Fig 25
Material selection
[1] Kay, Thornton (14 March 2016). "A peculiar kind of apparatus, which I call a
radiator".
[2] Johnny Acton; Tania Adams; Matt Packer (2006). Origin of Everyday
Things. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. 205. ISBN 1402743025.
[3] Sloan, Alfred P. (1964), McDonald, John (ed.), My Years with General Motors,
Garden City, NY, US: Doubleday, LCCN 64011306, OCLC 802024. Republished in 1990
with a new introduction by Peter Drucker (ISBN 978-0385042352).
[4] University of Wisconsin. Sea and Land Breezes. Archived2012-07-04 at the Wayback
Machine Retrieved on 2006-10-24.
Reference Links
[5] https://www.wattco.com/2018/07/electric-heating-coils-selection-design/
[6] http://zenmuralinotes.weebly.com/types-and-properties-of-a-good-heating-element.html
[7] https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/process-equipment/understanding-heat-
exchangers/#:~:text=While%20metals%20are%20highly%20suitable,greater%20advantages%20dep
ending%20on%20the
[8] https://www.enerquip.com/2019/12/02/heat-exchanger-material-selection/
[9] http://www.idc-
online.com/technical_references/pdfs/mechanical_engineering/Criteria_for_Furnace_Design_and_
Selection_of_Refractories.pdf
[10] https://technology.nasa.gov/materials_and_coatings/mat-insulations.html
[11] https://howthingsfly.si.edu/ask-an-explainer/what-metals-are-used-spaceships-and-why
.
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