微積分聯合教學 會考三 Dec 26, 2023

考試時間120分鐘，題目卷為兩張紙，共三頁，滿分110分。為避免產生爭議，不建議使用鉛
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號順序依序寫在答案卷上，而是非與填充題必須寫在第一頁。答案卷務必寫學號、姓名，題
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關的內容於考試時間內帶入座位，違者成績以零分計算，監試人員不得回答任何關於試題的
疑問。Use the answer sheet provided ONLY.

是非題True or False (20 points)，請答T (True) 或F (False) 。每題2 分。(不需詳列過程，請依題號

順序依序寫在答案卷第一頁上。)
 
−1 3π 3π
1. sin sin = .
4 4

Answer: False

√ √
3π 2 −1 2 π
sin = ⇒ sin ( )=
4 2 2 4
π π
Since the range of sin x is − ≤ sin−1 x ≤
−1
2 2

Z ∞
1
2. dx converges.
1 x1.2

Answer: True

Z ∞
1
It’s the p-integral: dx and p > 1. So it’s convergent.
1 xp

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 d x
3. x = x x (ln x + 1), x > 0.
dx

Answer: True

Let y = xx , x > 0.
Then ln y = ln xx = x ln x, x > 0.

d d
⇒ (ln y) = (x ln x), x > 0.
dx dx
1 dy 1
⇒ = ln x + x · = ln x + 1, x > 0.
y dx x
dy
⇒ = y(ln x + 1) = xx (ln x + 1), x > 0.
dx

Z 1
1
4. 2−θ dθ = − .
0 2 ln 2

Answer: False

Z 1  −θ 1
−θ 2
2 dθ = −
0 ln 2 0
−1
2 20
=− − (− )
ln 2 ln 2
1 1
= −( )
ln 2 2 ln 2
1
=
2 ln 2

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5. If f : (a, b) → R is differentiable at c ∈ (a, b), then lim f ′ (x) = f ′ (c).
x→c

Answer: False

A counter-example is provided by
  
 2 1
x sin if x ̸= 0 ,


x
f (x) =

0

 if x = 0 .

f is differentiable at x = 0. (see homework and quiz solutions)

′ h2 sin(1/h)
f (0) = lim = lim h sin(1/h) = 0 by the Sandwich Theorem (§2.2 Thrm 4).
h→0 h h→0
   
′ 1 1
Now f (x) = 2 x sin − cos . Hence lim f ′ (x) does not exist.
x x x→0

Z 1
6. x sin(x3 − x) dx = 0.
−1

Answer: False

x, x3 − x, and sin(x3 − x) are odd functions of x, so x sin(x3 − x) is an even function of x.

−1 ≤ x3 − x ≤ 0 on [0, 1] and −1 < x3 − x < 0 on (0, 1) ⇒ sin(x3 − x) < 0 if x ∈ (0, 1) and
sin(x3 − x) = 0 at x = 0, 1. So
Z 1 Z 1 Z 1
3 3
x sin(x − x) dx = 2 x sin(x − x) dx < 2 x · 0 dx = 0.
−1 0 0

Hence
Z 1
x sin(x3 − x) dx ̸= 0.
−1

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 e−x −e−x
7. lim = lim = lim 1 = 1.
x→0 1 + e−x x→0 −e−x x→0

Answer: False

0 ∞
Limit is not of the form or . L’Hôpital’s rule is not applicable.
0 ∞
e−x 1
In fact, lim = .
x→0 1 + e−x 2

√
8. x2 + 5 = O(x)

Answer: True

√ p
x2 + 5 (x + 5)2 x+5 5
< < = 1 + < 6 if x > 1
x x x x

9. Suppose that the function f is one-to-one on an interval I and the function g is increasing on an
interval I. If the range of g is a subset of I, then f ◦ g is one-to-one on I.

Answer: True

We claim that if x1 ̸= x2 then (f ◦ g)(x1 ) ̸= (f ◦ g)(x2 ).

Given x1 ̸= x2 . Without loss of generality, we assume that x1 < x2 . Then we have g(x1 )−g(x2 ) ̸= 0
by g(x1 ) < g(x2 ). By the fact that f is one-to-one, It follows that

(f ◦ g)(x1 ) = f (g(x1 )) ̸= f (g(x2 )) = (f ◦ g)(x2 ).

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 Z 1
1
10. The value of the integral dx is 0.
−1 x3

Answer: False

1 1 1
The integrand 3
is discontinuous at x = 0 since lim+ = 3 = ∞ and lim− = 3 = −∞.
x x→0 x x→0 x
Z 1 Z 0 Z 1
1 1 1
3
dx = 3
dx + 3
dx
−1 x −1 x 0 x
Z 0 Z 1 Z 1
1 1 1
Both improper integrals dx and dx are divergent by the fact that dx diverges
−1 x3 0 x3 0 xp
whenever p > 1.

填充題Short answer questions (40 points)，每題5 分。(不需詳列過程，僅將答案依題號順序依序

寫在答案卷第一頁上即可。)

1. Let y = x3 log7 x. Find y ′ .

x2 x2
Answer: (3 ln x + 1) or 3x2 log7 x +
ln 7 ln 7

ln x
y = x3
ln 7

ln x 1
⇒ y ′ = (x3 )′ · + x3 · · (ln x)′
ln 7 ln 7
3 2 1 1
= x ln x + x3 · ·
ln 7 ln 7 x
3 2 1
= x ln x + x2
ln 7 ln 7
x2
= (3 ln x + 1)
ln 7

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 Z π
2
2. Evaluate the integral sin 3 x cos 6 x dx.
0

2
Answer:
63

Let u = cos x, du = − sin xdx.

x = 0 ⇒ u = cos 0 = 1
π π
x= ⇒ u = cos = 0
2 2
Z π Z π
2 2
3 6
sin x cos x dx = − sin 2 x cos 6 x (− sin x) dx
0 0
Z π
2
= −(1 − cos2 x) cos 6 x(− sin x)dx
Z0 0
= −(1 − u2 )u 6 du
Z1 1
= (u6 − u8 )du
0
 7 1
u u9
= −
7 9 0
1 1
= −
7 9
2
=
63

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 Z π
8
3. Evaluate the integral sin 5θ sin 3θ dθ.
0
(Hint: cos(α + β) = cos α cos β − sin α sin β, cos(α − β) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β)

√
2
Answer:
8

π π
cos(5θ − 3θ) − cos(5θ + 3θ)
Z Z
8 8
sin 5θ sin 3θ dθ = dθ
0 0 2
Z π
1 8
= (cos 2θ − cos 8θ)dθ
2 0
 π
1 sin 2θ sin 8θ 8
= −
2 2 8
 π  0  
1 sin 4 sin π 1 sin 0 sin 0
= − − −
2 2 8 2 2 8
√
1 2/2
= ·
2√ 2
2
=
8

Z 1/2 Z 2
1
4. Let f be a continuous function over [0, 2]. Suppose f (2x) dx = − and f (x) dx = 1.
Z 2 0 2 1

Find f (x) dx.

0

Answer: 0

1
1 1
Z Z Z 1
1 2
− = f (2x) dx = f (u) du. ⇒ f (x) dx = −1
2Z 0 2 0 0
2 Z 1 Z 2
⇒ f (x) dx = f (x) dx + f (x) dx = −1 + 1 = 0.
0 0 1

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 Z x √ π
5. Find the length of the curve y = cos 2t dt from x = 0 to x = .
0 4

Answer: 1

√ Z x
dy √
y= cos 2t dt ⇒ = cos 2x
0 dx
Z πq √
4
=⇒ L = 1 + [ cos 2x]2 dx
0
Z π
4 √
= 1 + cos 2x dx
0
Z π√
4
= 2 cos2 x dx
0
Z π√
4
= 2 cos x dx
0
√ π
4
= 2 sin x
0
√ π √
= 2 sin − 2 sin 0
4
=1

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 1
x3
Z
6. Evaluate the integral dx.
0 x2 + 2x + 1

Answer: 3 ln 2 − 2

x3 3x + 2
= (x − 2) + .
x2 + 2x + 1 (x + 1)2
3x + 2 A B
2
= +
(x + 1) x + 1 (x + 1)2
⇒ 3x + 2 = A(x + 1) + B = Ax + (A + B)

⇒ A = 3, B = −1.

1 1 1 1
x3 dx
Z Z Z Z
dx dx
= (x − 2) dx + 3 −
0 x2 + 2x + 1 0 0 x+1 0 (x + 1)2
 2
1
x 1
= − 2x + 3 ln |x + 1| +
2 x+1 0
 
1 1
= − 2 + 3 ln 2 + − (1)
2 2
= 3 ln 2 − 2

7. Evaluate the limit lim+ xtan x .

x→0

Answer: 1

lim xtan x = lim+ etan x ln x .

x→0+ x→0
 
ln x 1/x − sin x
lim+ tan x ln x = lim+ = lim+ = lim+ · sin x = −1 · 0 = 0.
x→0 x→0 cot x x→0 − csc2 x x→0 x

It follows that !
lim+ tan x ln x
lim xtan x = lim+ etan x ln x = e x→0 = e0 = 1.
x→0+ x→0

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 r
2
x2
Z
8. Evaluate the integral 1− dx.
−2 4

Answer: π

x π
Let = sin θ, |θ| ≤ . ⇒ dx = 2 cos θdθ. Then
2 2
Z 2r Z π/2 p
x2
1 − dx = 1 − sin2 θ 2 cos θdθ
−2 4 −π/2
Z π/2
= 2 cos2 θdθ (∵ cos θ ≥ 0)
−π/2
Z π/2
= (cos 2θ + 1) dθ
−π/2
π/2
sin 2θ
= +θ = π.
2 −π/2

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計算問答證明題Show all your work (50 points)，每題10 分，請依題號順序依序寫在答案卷上，可
以用中文或英文作答。詳
詳列 計 算 過 程，否則不予計分。需標明題號但不必抄題。

1. (10 points)
Z
a. (5 points) x2 sin xdx.
Z
dx
b. (5 points) √ .
9 + x2

a. Let u = x2 , dv = sin xdx ⇒ du = 2xdx, v = − cos x

Z Z
2 2
x sin xdx = −x cos x + 2 x cos xdx (Let u = x, dv = cos xdx ⇒ du = dx, v = sin x)
 Z 
2
= −x cos x + 2 x sin x − sin xdx

= −x2 cos x + 2x sin x + 2 cos x + C

π π √ q
b. Let x = 3 tan θ, − < θ < ⇒ 9 + x2 = 9 (1 + tan2 θ) = 3 sec θ, dx = 3 sec2 θdθ
2 2

3 sec2 θ
Z Z
dx
⇒ √ = dθ
9 + x2 3 sec θ
Z
= sec θdθ

= ln |sec θ + tan θ| + C
√
9 + x2 x
= ln + +C
3 3
√
= ln 9 + x2 + x + C − ln 3
√
= ln 9 + x2 + x + C ′

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2. (10 points)
Z 1
a. (5 points) Evaluate the integral ln x dx.
0

Z ∞
x
b. (5 points) Investigate the convergence of √ dx.
2 x4 − 1

a. By integration by parts formula

Z Z
1
ln x dx = x ln x − x · dx = x ln x − x + C
x

Z 1 Z 1
ln x dx = lim+ ln xdx
0 a→0 a

= lim+ [x ln x − x]1a
a→0

= lim+ [(0 − 1) − (a ln a − a)]

a→0
ln a
= −1 − lim+ 1
a→0
a
1
a
= −1 − lim+ (By l’Hôpital’s rule)
a→0 − a12

= −1 − lim+ (−a) = −1
a→0

√
√ x
4 x4 1
b. lim x −1 = lim √ = lim q =1
x→∞ √x x→∞ 4
x −1 x→∞ 1
x4 1− x4

Z ∞ Z ∞ Z b
x 1 1
√ dx = dx = lim dx = lim [ln x]b2
2 x4 2 x b→∞ 2 x b→∞

= lim (ln b − ln 2) = ∞, which diverges.

b→∞
Z ∞
x
⇒ √ dx diverges by the Limit Comparison Test.
2 x4 −1

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3. (10 points) Consider the function
  
 2 1
x sin
 + 2x, if x > 0
f (x) = x

ax + b, if x ≤ 0.


Suppose that f is differentiable everywhere.

a. (6 points) Find the values of a and b.

b. (4 points) Write down the linear approximation of f (x) at x = 0.

a. Since f is differentiable at x = 0, f must be continuous at x = 0 (Theorem 1 in §3.2). This

gives
 
2 1
b = f (0) = lim− ax+b = lim+ x sin + 2 x = 0 (by the Sandwich Theorem (§2.2 Thrm 4)).
x→0 x→0 x

f (x) − f (0)
f is differentiable at x = 0 means lim exists, which then implies
x→0 x−0

ax − 0 f (x) − f (0) f (x) − f (0)

a = lim− = lim− = lim+
x→0 x−0 x→0 x−0 ( §2.4 Thrm 6 ) x→0 x−0
1
2


x sin x + 2 x − 0
 
1
= lim+ = lim+ x sin +2 = 2 .
x→0 x−0 x→0 x
(by the Sandwich Theorem (§2.2 Thrm 4))

Hence a = 2, b = 0. From the above computation, we also know that f ′ (0) = a = 2.

b. The linearization/linear approximatin of f at x = 0 is then L(x) = f (0) + f ′ (0) · x = 2 x.

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 h πi π π 
4. (10 points) Given f (x) = sin−1 (cos x), x ∈ 0, . Verify that the point , lies on the graph
2 π π  4 4
of y = f (x), and find the tangent line of f which passes , .
4 4

π  √ !
 π 2 π π π 
Since f = sin−1 cos = sin−1 = , the point , lies on the graph of y = f (x).
4 4 2 4 4 4
π π  π 
The slope of the tangent line passing , can be obtained by evaluating f ′ . Therefore we
4 4 4
compute √
′ π
  − sin x 2/2
f = √ = −√ = −1.
4 1 − cos2 x x=π/4 2/2
π π 
Thus the tangent line passing , is
4 4
π   π π π
y = f′ x− + = − x.
4 4 4 2

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 p 15
5. (10 points) Find the area of the surface generated by revolving the curve x = 2 4 − y, 0 ≤ y ≤ ,
4
about the y-axis.

 2
dx −1 dx 1
=√ ⇒ =
dy 4−y dy 4−y
Z 15 r Z 15 p
4 p 1 4
⇒S= 2π · 2 4 − y 1 + dy = 4π (4 − y) + 1 dy
0 4−y 0
Z 15 p   154
4 2 3
= 4π 5 − y dy = −4π (5 − y) 2

0 3 0
"  23 # "  3
#
8π 15 3 8π 5 2 3
=− 5− − 52 = − − 52
3 4 3 4
"   32 # √ !
8π 3 5 8π √ 5 5
= 52 − = 5 5−
3 4 3 8
√ √ ! √
8π 40 5 − 5 5 35 5
= = π
3 8 3

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