ENERGY

Year 1

NAME:

Minuit
…………………………………………………………….

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 Energy Key terms?
Define the following terms

Term Definition
Energy mix the combination of different

Fossil fuels

Non-renewable resources

Renewable resources

Energy ladder

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Describe the changes in world energy consumption shown in Fig 3.75. (page 207)

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Describe how energy use varies by world region shown in Fig 3.76 (page 208)

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Energy consumption per capita (per person) is highest in MEDCs. What is the per capita energy
consumption in:

USA and Canada = …………………

Africa = ………………………

What are the main differences in energy use between MEDCs and LEDCs.

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Fossil fuels (p.208 - 214)

Name the three fossil fuels

a)…………………………………………

b)…………………………………………

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c)…………………………………………

Complete the table on the next page and put the following types of energy in the non-renewable or
renewable section of the table.
● Coal
● Geothermal Power
● Wind power
● Oil
● Solar Energy
● Natural Gas
● Hydrogen
● Tidal
● Nuclear
● Waves
● Biomass
● Fuelwood
● Hydroelectric power

Non-renewable Renewable

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF OIL

Advantages of Oil Disadvantages of Oil

1 1 carbon emissions
stable energy sources -
toxic to environment
2 2 Transportation
Easily extracted can =
damage enr
3 3
variety of uses a
Extractionproces eur

4 4
Easily transportable

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 Extra research Explain what happened in the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill and the environmental effects
of this disaster.

What happened?

On
April 20 , 2018 , an explosion
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
occurred on the Deepwater
Gulf of Mexico,
Horizon drilling platform in
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
the

killing 31 workers
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
.
·

It is 3 of the largest spill

of oil in the
history
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Environmental implications:

• thousands of birds, mammals, and sea

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turtles were plastered with leached oil (killed)

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• sea life habitats got contaminated

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 Where are thermal power stations (using coal, oil or gas) located and why?

● Near the coast - because.……………………………………........................................

They need water for steam generation and cooling purposes
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
setting up the plant, staff colony, coal storage, ash disposal etc.
● Large areas of cheap land – because …………………………………………………….
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● Near coal fields (if coal fired) – because ………………………………………………..
Coal are burn to generate power
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The facilities must be available for transportation of heavy
● Good rail or road networks – because ……………………………………………………
equipment and fuels e.g near railway station.
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● Away from places with large numbers of people - because…………………………
Burning of coal produces smoke and ash which pollute the surrounding area - pollution due to
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smoke is dangerous for the people living around the area.
NUCLEAR POWER

Nuclear energy is the solution? (p.10 - 211)

Advantages Disadvantages

• No greenhouse gas emissions • Nuclear waste is radioactive and

expensive to dispose of

• Efficient as only Small

amounts of uranium needed to • Power stations are expensive
generate large amount of power

• It is not bulky so is easy to • Risk of nuclear accidents

transport

• Reduces reliance on fossil fuels • Possible health impacts in the areas

around nuclear power stations

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 FUELWOOD

What is fuel wood and what problems can it cause?

(pg. 209)

Fuel wood is wood that is harvested from forestlands and

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combusted directly for useable heat. The use contributes
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to deforestation, soil erosion and desertification in
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many countries ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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HYDROELECTRIC POWER pg 211

Name four countries that get a lot of power from HEP:

● 1 China
………………………………….
● 2 Brazil
………………………………….
3 US
………………………………….
●
Canada
● 4. ………………………………….

List the advantages and disadvantages of HEP

Advantages of HEP Disadvantages of HEP

1 Renewable energy source 1 environmental impact

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2 Pairs well with other renewables 2 Expensive to build

3 Can meet peak electricity demand 3

Lack of available reservoirs

4 4 Facilities rely on local hydrology

Is inexpensive in the long run
5 5
Produced domestically

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY (p 213)

What is geothermal energy?

Heat within the earth

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Which countries use a lot of geothermal energy?

US
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What four advantages does geothermal energy have?

• Geothermal energy is renewable as the heat energy from the Earth is not used up.
1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
• It has little negative impact on the environment as there is little pollution or
greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere.
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
• Geothermal is a reliable source of electricity and it is easier to predict and control
the power output from a geothermal plant accurately compared to wind, wave or solar
3……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
power which rely on changeable weather.
• It can be used directly to heat homes, workplaces and greenhouses.
4…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

What four disadvantages are there of using geothermal energy?

• Major use of geothermal energy is limited to only a few

1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
places around the world that are volcanically active.
• It is expensive to build geothermal energy plants in the
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
first place.
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 • Small amounts of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide can be released, so these must be captured
3……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
to prevent pollution.
• In Scotland, ground source heat pump systems only work effectively in buildings that are
4……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
well insulated and draft-free.

WIND pg 212

Name some countries using a lot of wind power.

China, US, Germany, India, Spain

Where are wind turbines generally located to be efficient?

Places with high intensity wind

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speed; top of smooth round hills,

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wide open space
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Why should governments be encouraging the use of wind power?

There are many advantages of using wind power……………………………………………….

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 • Wind power creates good paying jobs offering career opportunities
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for the people in the country, there are over 125,000 people working
in the U.S. wind industry
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• It is a clean and renewable energy source (environmental
friendly) meaning that it provide us with electricity without
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
needing to burn any fuel and polluting the air, it helps U.S.
avoid 336 million metric tons of CO2 emissions yearly
• it benefits local communities (economic growth), in 2022,
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investments in new wind project added $20 billion to the U.S.
economy
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Why do some governments not feel inclined to use wind power?

Some governments feel that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages………………..

• turbines produce noise and lather visual aesthetics,

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locals farmer can be disturb by the noise produced as
well as the visual impact on the landscape
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• there’s challenges that must be overcome to install
wind turbines as it needs to be located where there’s
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
high intensity wind; requires lots of land if in cities
• It is expensive compared to gas, geothermal, coal, or
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nuclear facilities
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SOLAR ENERGY (p 214)

How is solar energy generated?

By nuclear fusion
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

that takes place in the

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

sun
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

What are the advantages of solar power?

1. Solar energy is a renewable energy

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source and reduces carbon emissions

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2. Solar panels have low maintenance costs
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3. Solar energy can generate electricity in
any climate
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4. Solar energy can reduce your home’s
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electricity bill
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What are tge disadvantages of solar power?

1. The high initial costs of installing

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panels
2. Solar doesn’t work for every roof
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type
3. Solar panels are dependent on
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sunlight
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BIOFUELS (p. 212)

What are biofuels?

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of biofuels?

Advantages of biofuels Disadvantages of biofuels

1 1

2 2

3 3

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TIDAL AND WAVE POWER (p. 214)

How does the coast have the potential to generate electricity?

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Case Study: Create a set of case study notes on Energy supply in China (p.215)

Practoice Exam questions on the next page.

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Mark Scheme

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