mS 20105F 10» B1113-138 MR BUH ot POOH AGF HEE ARR a IY ae * REAR GM RAO RA DE BEd ERSOREAT REPUAMRHRRBANORER AK BACK: SANE ERNE RARER BAe 1WSBERALE REPDAMBRMRAM - RKPPMSUMRRSLR BRK A Ese RRRHARSS Hs ERE RS (ORR ZOLA APE] > RUNES » ARES SOIREE | BAST EER ATES + LEAR RRHEAR ¢ esse (O95 ERIK WA RUM RRAKLRASRMRAURREARR B23) RMR ER AA CHR ARE CARIES BE RRS RAR LEB RIAE WISER] : eae P seat + BARI) ~ RB KT ELEEANALHT ERR EGMARTER AR ORs Rene SARE + eee A SM OLMSUTEna CRY AL A Brief Encounter with the Other: ‘Yu Kwang-chung’s Poems on the Journey to America and the Formation of National Identity Elliott S.T. Shie sistant Profesor Grade Insite of Tbwan Literate [Nationa Ting Ha Universi Abstract ‘Among many Taiwanese poets, Yu Kwang-chung has drawn special attention from the worldwide Chinese readers for his national consciousness and nostalgia poetry. Based on Stuart Hall's theory about cultural identity, this paper attempts to historize Yu's cultural identity, arguing that only after his journey to America in 1958 did he start to formulate a nostalgic turn in his poetry writing. Under the influence of Romanticism, Yu's early poetry expresses a yielding for freedom, adventure, and the infinite and never views the state of exile or out of place as a painful and remorseful experience. But as soon as he encountered the other's discriminating gaze in the United States, he could not help but recollect collective cultural memories and conceive himself as a Chinese exile. Thus his nostalgia poetry, written during the stay in America, demonstrates a narrative pattern, always starting from the scenery at the present to the hometown in the past. Here and there, the present and the past coexist and penetrate each other and then constitute a contrapuntal structure and two-centered frame of reference for interpreting the new experiences. This paper then argues that writing nostalgia poetry is not only a necessity for expressing one's longing for the country and hometown, but also a surviving strategy for articulating the triangle relationBSL thet — fe He He eH HE SC IE us of hometown, alien land and one's self-identity. Writing self-identity therefore signifies a commitment and a decision, a commitment to the country of the origin and a decision to refuse the lure of the new home. Ultimately, to be an exile and to write about one’s nostalgia are reciprocal and interdependent. Keywords: Yu Kwang-Chung, other, national identity, nostalgia, America, exile16 SARTRE + — I SERA Seat RIP MDA TE HEIL BARI OG BE: ERT ERS OBRAT + ROCIO RRR » GRE AMESR + 19284F EIR + REPORTER BAe TREES HS FELIPE (1938) + BERTEDIIINET 72 IFA] (1938-1945) > TIE] BIRT EIS (1945-1949) GNU: LIS » IPI. SHE MERA RFC ARE 950% ¢ THE HEIR A AEA LA hs SREP RERT RER » FBRRRS ASE EP ET an RHE T RIE Te MORES ABIES: + ROTEL AS BURP RRSR, ; SAMS BER HERS (obsession with China) 2G M HEM : BRL (AE) NS HRT PE ARR? PRR RB ARR IEHN CAAT) (Ph SA VE-P RR GGA (RESAECREGREEBROAE A) SARERCLAOEORS + DIDUEHE BLAS ME + HPT RES > BE SOC E RAS AMER HTTPD ° Raa» HAHERI BISSAU SATE LER ASE HPORRICR > GNM AMS + RPA BREA MSEIR » TIRE BBG EA » I EPARMMABALAE GS > UTE 1 ABAUPOE S RAM CRBCE : FED (Ask | ARICICHARDA + 1999.01) RSRRAO (CATER) | SURGE MUTICM + (ERIS : REPRE (apie: BABA + 2001.12) + 107-108 + 2 BTR (MERARTHMEM) HR (ORE: ERA R) (Ast ESUBAAARAL » 1979.04) » 1169-89 : C. T. Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction, 3nd ed. (Bloomington: indiana University Press, 1999.12), pp.675-579 i BifMHt » ( " fE5 HNN, — SiseeS EES, ) + FARR (ORHIMLE + FOGRYE REFS» 7200-201 «SOLS thee — oe tere ASR Te SC ATA 17 ASHOMIES WELL + AICHE ARREST + beens PETE LARSEN + LARS ARE «RAE SB ° ROSE HOARE TEAL REP AER — A) > ARETE TTL FCP BGT Ee PORE» BAERS» TE REPRE BP + SRD, (RETR) BS Wee PAE MSEAF J > BERGER » SRA SUI) » OMAN PR -° BRE LARS OTHE » REA "LETHE HIRT EARP RTRY RAR , » * TARTAR b+ 3 FPR EATERS RE + HERI EPS SSh APE ELC LAE IBN ° STESC(LERIRIAVI RR » HAF (Stuart Hall) RBA RAE BG + ACHR RO BEA SEA EE LR» OE K+ SCERBIAUESE RA BIT TESLA (sameness) [ + #584 (difference) HSRC Rae LORE > SST BUN (ESBS ER (EAE (EAA NY "AA, + RRL RRONRRIE] - ASTI. AER MBK + RST AREA » RITE» SCSI FREAAIPIE (being) + TRL (becoming) + AAEM TS > i FERED + AL + PORTA GRR «RGR ; PORK BEIE E {SUES RATA AE » MIBK STRATE RIE ARTE «RRP RR + RE AHEE FER PRO : RAIS RES PEUe + ARERR Joseph Lau, “Acres of Barbed Wire: An Appreciation," in Acres of Barbed Wire, Yu Kwang-chung (Taipe: Mei Yu Publications, Inc., 1971). OSSETIA» PRM DRAIPMNAN ES (ANE ELEN YP] UYFRRYERA « C. T, Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction, SHAH (AUGRATRIIESERE) + SEARIRIR + CCBA : SOEs EMER ARID » F120 « ‘Stuart Hall, “Cultural Identity and Diaspora,” in identity: Community, Culture, Difference, ed. Jonathan Rutherford (London: Lawrence&Wishart, 1990.07), p.223, (elRi6 » 225 «18 GADCBSRR A+ WER RRS TS AR» ALAA AS °° RIS ERVLR AMMAR » ANARMEEIL (historicize) FEHHISCL SETA] + BRT ARR ROR ABSA EU Sh + Gtk — A REP EL Eee (1958) CAA PRE RAF SRS VRE E + HE TSUBASA AEE AR ° TERE» FERIA RT WAALS (other) + A(t BU ERRORS» HELL TSCA RIA)» ASSN aL SEN END RUPEE + USC PRR PaEA T BARR - =) MET: REE AWA RET RIA + ATES 9S0FFB) 1957451] > USTE CP ASREAKD (1952) >» CHEER) (1954) » (AMRIT) (1969) SAKA Fe SHEESH (EG AEB ie RHE AM RR» BLT RE RE AO FAIMER MCSE ERTS + FS BRUNE 19th ORE BIRES A ° OE 19692 ES CHET) (1960) ARH + Ath aRReSe ERT AFTER S AUT AEE © ° PATTI T RRC FRI» ARES ROPE + MRSA + SRA ETRE CORRS ESE RASC TN BARR ASTI BSE LTE ETA» BRTAGAR © RICH LE 19504 BEBE HABE REGS + SAAN ET HATA » UMILE CoH BKAL) o> AUER DBS ARGS OW + ESET SRN T ART STB: WBF BE REBATE BT AT AY Bt + REREZE SS — SH LE ARMEBRA * 8 GSH» COMLEELEHOUSE) » BEARER + CAGSOOSUM : SoksR ERIM » oD s ARI + (Ai “DALPEES — SESE POIOR) «ATURE + CSARBUI : ECS CHORD t+ AURRALARAL » 1999.06) » Fi43-54 © 9 Julia Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry (Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1985.07), p.152 : BORG (BAVESH MENA)» IRINA CHAAR : See YFBETAMM (1979-1993) (Aad: AURRUINERE + 1994.10)» Fas « 10 shokee + CUMEER) (fast: REESAL » 1960.08) » F154~SEU — seer ARSE LN ET 119 AOR COREY BE HE CRF ATR > SRL e RIF NEGe WEL ASCE LRM / BROS EAL / EMR AIT SB RE ARETE ° PRIMERS MECH» ET ABR PTS BL » MPRA PIRSA (HTS) (1969) > PORT RES RTERE * FEXCHAIBAR (nostalgia) TEMS AHR » ASEH ME + nosts BK algae : ERL: MAHMEERBRSL RGATH GRE ATEN R + HEATARUS UTHER» TELS IISA » Seen FER (a sense of place) SHRM + MMA ZAYE RE, PEARS + REN + FOEHA SPA LSet RES SRE s Ae EPECHAYELR, + HUATHERE TOR AM » AOR SSS SSCA GI « EPEAT RCH + PHAR IUALIE RRS OTT AEE POAREC SE SPRIAS + LRT 8 EES HE PE ° CE ERATHGAS P+ FEE "REG RUEERAES AR OR iG OS BR Ee HA Ds PATRAS LTTE RRR, - EZ + RRS SSR ARAI IR Lina + BRR FTEM ACH G ANY RORSERET AS RE» PRD LARS HSER "SANE | ORBEA + DE RN RE PIERRE » PERSIE + CEPA) RA TEMARSS RCE RACK ARNERBS RAT HMR EB) RSE fi: “RETF + BIR OER(E URES A + DEEAO RRA MOIE RS + TTT JES GA > SIREN » TAR IECH POET AMRE ALL 11 Se GHFAVERD (Ade: BPRMNEAL » 1952.03) « 12 RET» B24 13 David Lowenthal, The Past Is a Foreign Country (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), pat 14 iia ERBERRM : (OFA) RT —MRARNVER » etaotleesltHAe » soemayeE EAT BORLEB—OS | BRABORAM, FR) GED: BEMEMEE) (PAIN SK ABNER + 2003.02) » HZ1200 ARR + ERAT PEALE » SSM AE ATE NTC PST » SATAY «AIR AY » ASRESEASA CASHES TEZE + ROBERTA TALENTS AB ERR + TRIS PR + ORY REPS TE, BOHRA +» RAZOR TERS LE + PETE ZENER LL + FSIS BEME » RAE FP MTEESA RHI » REMAIN + SEE + AHI — © RO CBF ULAR) OB AAS! EP Ek LY / RO ARR, +" TERMINI + HARARE + OF LER > RRS + BPR RRATARBORE » TE CHIR) “P+ iB BERG LE + /MNRBR + ROHN « / REIL -BOB/ KE - ACETEISLASHE ! 1° PADRE EAL IEASWUES + TBST ALA > AAPL: 5 5S — — FB TERROR A HAE © CHEN) BL Sh SAGAS RD TEBEACT + CERT BURRS th REDE + '° HEARSE UR RSIS AIS + BUTTE RS — RE ce LL « RES AW » AU A> TR SE ar DR ° ARABS NTS SN + BHA BIRD (BRAVIA BRHEER: AM STR / TH BATE EF BIN A BS GMT RM, + ORR RAR INUIT «AO COOL) AT B RARER: STR HS RRS, : TRH UE SHUI > TRIEAICESORET EH + ALTE STE ° HE CB REZ) PF SRNR TRA TE EAT AS E+ PRT RAR 15 Yeh Michelle, Modern Chinese Poetry: Theory and Practice Since 1917 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.03), p.38. 16. M.H, Abrams, The Mior and the Lamp: Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition (New York: (Oxford University Press, 1953.12), p.127. 17 sath: CE FAEED Rae 18 RT (EMTS! Ht6-18+ + CREQOTY (dedk : SARIS + 1960.05) » HIB -RFR AB PM PATE PRS OS, 121 FEU T RIOT «1 AT RH ME RPT LL + CB STROBES - BR LAT ACRE + TEAMS AI SBE AD CM) CA Small Island) A/F Jamaica Kincaid#ti@is *— ‘BLES A SAE SER HA B+ f—BESA SER + A (ESATA ESA GES OARS ART RAEI 1° TTT 2 ARS ATE TEHTS 5 + AREA ROE PLA BIS » Ree » FOCAL AT SRR EI PI ° EAC RTE EL ARTETA EE AH + SSF SAL TPS LI + REA ORIG °° TEACRIVE RRR » RIL HHEE! + AUB OY BR REP Bl OE + Hh BOR Uae BR AY — PY Re OCH BGA LM HAP HEME RRAKAALP HER S FE 3b SCI ab dw EK + Sasa a ROTHARHE LE: MEF Meet: —HM EER ARB - ERA Kiki RM: LA PLM Po PROP PARSM » ATM SS RAG EM PRY» HRA TE SHE REVRROT HO + REAR » UE RAE - MERE 4 (Benedict Anderson ) HEtH Wife (FS A2H93¢ (FI (SUREE) BY + B58 SPEEA RATES + AO ASE ET FAERIE © °° PTT AR IRMERS » BZ IMIZER + AUR T BEERS RIE RE SRR IOR (AFM « SRY + AAI FE |) + HAEERRI— HR ATLA a 2 2 2 2 Jamaica Kincaid, A Small Island (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1988.07), p.18. FOR + CORUNRER BERRA (Ade: KRU ALMA) + 2002.03) » B29 SOE + CANE (Arlt: AMMAR + 1974.04) + i209 « Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, rev. ed. (London: Verso Press, 1991), pp. 163-186.122 GAB SCRUEE + —O BER ATL LA MESES "RRR 1 SMEAR + RTT RIT RES (AGRA LSP, ) - Bi» eRe ARR T FO TRS EB + ASE RR AACE REAL Wi SUE AAF— AEE ISP + HPA ATS ce «Oe STAR) IER TE RRL LL ° ZENE ABE A + SE RRA S TEE , BUA MUTE Eee + SUE RAE OD fi)» VRAD RUGS + (ELAS SS SERUR 7s REE EH ILRAR » BUFST BORER TA BRATS » EOE ECR RFC BS tS AS IF AEE © CE CARRERE) aS + GPR SRIR + BORE + ae SLES RL LR «7 CAR / ART) ATMA» TEA SEP EES RRA PR ATES > (EL WEAR I7 AT ARIE ET AE RTTRIEK + HE SSA)» TAS IMEEM + TRUCHET + BOY AALS BR «+ TE CRET) DUNTAS IEE + ASHE RPE IAFCMD » KARIERRE y= S > RAH + SRA RADA TE SURE AOET OR + A PALM OUMT « DPHede A A OL ASAE + TT A FER (AUER) I bth RBI «NRA REY Ae BR ASSAD EO NARUC IRAN «EEL + ee FOE HEA LATHE « SHARAN CE195847 101 SARL = Ae See ITE SE FA ABM, AS» 38 AE EY OS ERAGE AAR + (AFISUML TT HaHa Poke ea eBAOtE 26 SS + CRORE — sens CONTRA)» ROAR PRTC ICANE RUE: RATE ARBMTET MY (At : ROSAS * 2008.09) » #229 + 27 Rok (EAE) FI52-54+ 28 suk CRETE It « 29 AB CSRIRND + SEPARA) (SREMLRLAN + TesEHMEAE 2002.05) - Hi108 »SSR the — Peseta (PICT 123 ARE + SSL — AER + CEASA AES + TIPE SNR A AIRE ZR» °° HIE RE I + AOE PPR T ER MRSA RS SEAT SABRIR BOCES RETR + RES WERWGBE - CRAWL TOMS » SRS + TC HUA IE AIR BACHAR WARE RE >? EEE SS (AREA BROAN GE + NRE + BUR KLONER + REE BA SHENG + MEER CRS RRA + AICTE OMB E TSS E ik (ORME CE) HRP) RACwAT— RC BAT » URS MRSS - Sa EMSS HORT EES SAREE GSES FSH » NEUE MBA RHR » — ELSPA AORTA + Abi Piere Bourdieutyit a FAS MRSH REA "Bes (habitus) Bal AGT POU OS LOBE | + HAE RNS EERIE ° BRT CBR + BAS ea ATL RE: OZR ° RHP RAAT BC » ERA US RET 7 + SER BH LTA LE - BRA RKTAOMS RA MTEC ALA TATE + TUR RBLE RRL - MERE » POE ‘SHEE IZ HUEE » WALL) + REBELS, + RTT IER ABW + AERA A AETIEE Ds SPUR + TSI ABR / DULG 5 + “REE ANMENSOEH « NENURERE + (BRL 30 Ath CERAM (Alb: AMMMIRRAE + 1974.07) + Fi2> 31 MAE CROERAURITREIS) «BERR CCRINIRL : SUEERERAEAAMD «T1296 32 Mary McCarthy, “A Guide to Exiles, Expatriates, and Internal Emigré,” in Altogether Elsewhere: Writers on Exile, ed. Mare Robinson (Faber and Faber Inc., 199412), pp.49-51. Edward Said, “Reflection on Exile,” in Allogether Elsewhere: Writers on Exile, ed. Mare Robinson, p.140. 34 bh GRRE» Fea2~ %124 AOC RE EE — Be WAT SOE PRENSA / MERA BNR ASAE ASL E + EARS T AE ds AIRE» UAT" ALC HOM PASE RUT / SEARS y+ ASR RUA E LN, RBRWGE : BROSKKEREPRE | —ARRRE / BREA HL HURRHE © ZEREA Wallace StevenstBE + ETE DMR RIK HE: REE «TERRI / A ER BRA HIRT °° RRR E TREE AERORIE + BER, RECS EKA BRA + (BER ARE RIOR IEE TR STE EAR / ASIII R, ° ORE DRS KR CREPRAL ARMANI RTI EE « RA SKA AEN RAS BETS » MRA BUR WERE RAWAM SRE, AKIRA EMR mR 2 ALL 08 os PAR HE PRR LAA HARI HY Gee RRO 35 RURES4 Fis4 36 RES + Biz © 37 (ARES + BLAT © 38 Edward Said, “Reflection on Exile,” in Allogether Elsewhere: Writers on Exile, ed. Marc Robinson, p14. 39 UGH CAREEIOD + Blog « 40. RESO» F492 41 RiRESO » Hie2 42 RESO» T4B +SB thet — oe Herm He SEAS fh PS LT 125 BEIGE + akc h dn + ofa tb fo HE EPFEREFRMERD FROMARK RABE SAR ARMSAT RRA HATS » CEDAR + ORE — PREAH BOUKHAS » URED SE ERBR > ZEB HP TO ka ATR SARANGI ESI + ERE T Se RS FANENS ED LA UD AR A, EO + TAPAS RE ER BARMRPRAKEAR HRB RAR AREER EL SERS EDRT ASAE CAO IEBIT-P + (Bc DKA rH ) BEREAN ASO7RRAS ARE GH: B88, + FD, ) Oh TERE BS ANER | JAR ZT PNB AR + UR ECU RE Fre BS SALES BF TELE RDB As 9 SE SHR A EAR BE TER ARE LER AOBEAR + SGI RE A CRIITIR » ASS WHEE SA SE BERR EPEC, » RR- BR AMARC AMS » MATA OTN «RRO (contrapuntal composition ) AUE(FIRS » “EZ + HEC RN OAS SEEM TTBS RR th HEAR + ST RCER SLAC a Be HRS ASHER > BARTOLO ERASTM (George Santayana) Mi aR: EVE BRM — BEAR: + (DZD (moral climate) 24889 °9ZE 88 (inner landscape of his mind) > 5 “ (i3% RB -PEESRRCSHTBRROCS | RRC SOSH HOR DATE EAS RRA R - Beebe eAk 43. RESO» FIO 44 Edward Said, “Reflection on Exile,” in Altogether Elsewhere: Writers on Exile, ed. Mare Robinson, p.148, 48. George Santayana, “The Philosophy of Travel,” in Altogether Elsewhere: Whiters on Exile, ed. Marc Robinson, p.44,1260 RSCTA WE SEAS " PAZEBUS s BF + RAVER BEDE (replaced) + TRAE (displaced) + RUL7HEMMHOR + TIPU ATE: SEHR ESE | BSE CELT TAY FRSA SS ETT + LD CEMEF) PB RESP OSSEEHIIOA + TERRE PRS (BA + SPAS AT + MSR AIRE MATE APE ER AE * YR SAME ROEM RGMR ERM AS TPE LOR « SMART BRT + GENSAT 5 +" SRRR ERR Ro: CE ABICTERME , + SOE SRI— SERRA TH (sinful city) © iii ME— TRL ARENA + TA OR GRE 4 CESE A + RO QS THELE/ RRM, ° MARES LABARS +» —Fl HE Sh» SHER ) + REST ETE AAS ECIE + RSL ACER RE | HA ATE OER P NE CLEA NORE ° IMT» BUA SETA + BLL IAEA AAORAMTIEICAS (subtext) + BUz ARIA ECE SE SHARE PORE ERS IER WUE ESATE A + MEA MEAD A Moth MUSE Pie PR SRHRAK FY DRS BIBLE HY aR > GARE REAMZ— RRA BAR SAH Mea ap a OP REPS SURE » TTR ASE + Soha ARR 46 SR CREM) + ST «BSL et — Soler wR SRTS fF REST 2 PZ TEAST PRR» HAS) aa FF Le a Aa OAUE > BERR AG Bt. HOR BSE, RE LRT Bes G1 BA BRANT ACW «hae LR BERATED + SATU AUAELA GARG ERENT IRE + ALMA SRE HE RT SAHEIEAPUS : BEA SUR RAMOS + AUREL 2 BREESE ACNE RR-LARMES ? PEOVER AA » AUIS PER "Sk, NSURTTBRHIRG | WAAC ERIMRSRD Re» it TRE ib, SR HS BRT + CARRE ITT LASER) BS RE TERN 4, BR TER BME + Soest + KARE BRAM VA SEARO + VATE 8 OT BR RFR GMH SE WER MER + MR BRAS RAH RAP ay HL Hy FAR PAR A AEA A I a THT H+ TAY ERK AOE Bl MEA SS SEA AY RI TA * Be) —— {RFR Ht FWA » DRIER TERROR EATS + FEI SATAY + FRR ZEIT TSR °F RARERMBATB THAME A C0 eA ) > FOE PALATINE ATT ° ACEH Bae BOUT PRAT ERE TA RS » SIGART EH SATE F SL AIS SES + ED RRR ° BORE CATES + BRUTE SE FR AOE INSTT ORLA + (INIT AK + A HERS SAGEM A Bit RURAGRATTOE + TES BURTLA28 SRR eA AORTA + RUIN » RAE + ULAR Cee A Aa Ly TTI HRS SE SS BT SMS PASCHE + CURR PRY + RANA AIRS Ps EAE RR (Heat ch } AR HO FFE) SEAR TERA T OE BiB 8 HAs Oy BRA © Bi + SA DCN ARATE AH: RR TEILSERS PR + BUI CE HERS i PP BULASE » AUB AIR HS + AORKATRE MRR TE RCIA LL + AAD SORET ROAR + By" UE» AUER SHURE + WRT BFA CSIR +O SBE + (SRAM , Be TWBLASIA + RUESRILA ) + AOE PREM A— ARAB T SUA Gs FS SH A RB BE A ER DA HATERS, — Si + FAH] DUR — HE Te BOE LE HED HT ° SOF] (EA) PASM EHH -HMRAT RARER + * PEER ARS AHH NH MIMS RRR, SAPP AORCOFANK » (BUSH + FRAIL aa HARK: FP BRAS RRAEA RE + ERROR» BECHER, «RNR (ZH) —e pal ASHI + SEMA ATT : ARR RAPATAOM + ASRS TIAL ARBRRIHS LAIN + ALAS PBSHTLR © CEFR TSRORAEE A] 56 HT AES ACESS (HL AGEISM ) 5 HAR PAH + SRR AR TS OE BK 4 Leo Spitzer, "Persistent Memory.” in Exile and Creativity: Signposts, Travelers, Outsiders, Backward Glances, ed. Susan Rubin Suleiman (Burham: Duke University Press, 1998.05), p.375. 48 PROSE» CHUNAR + SSAA ALIUMD (Ask : BEMAATAL + 2002.04) + F199 49 BUS CREED (Alt : HASBUINERL 2009.11) » #52SAA Soe hey MRS EEA TOT 19 SHI RSERIEAR » AL HOR RCN TEAS TEM » RRA » SRST BA RERCSA GHEE ° » BR he Rees AS PORRBOKE » ROTM tae ON» ABE RS BIS CLEME) > RRA IRAE HEL E Be ins tT ES FR ARS + ERR (Frantz Fanon) E50! AY AEE) (Black Skins » White Masks) PAMUSHEAUINAR > (Bit » REE —BRAAP EWR ONE » REARS BHABHA CHE TE: ° ATTRIB A AER» RL WANKER: 9B! ERA (a Negro) 1 RF ERISA CBS SWE RIBERA IE ° MOREA SITE | ESA AY CHREMRBRN SRG) + AEE SCEAOHITS » RASS PETRER 38 AFTER TSB BREE « ARCOLA SORRELL » ARETE e+ RECAP + SEATS SEHK ALZER » BEARER EORTC A SS ER: CAA RE es AREER RAO] — BAF HRC BR + HIRE T OA Re TE CREAT) HSI RRE CERT) Ps AHP RRM S HS RAMI » IC PUUA IE: WOARRRRAAL PRES CRUSE - MORRO S AC RR RE {EAE ABR UER + SRRMBAT/e H AS EM HITE AIS Bi EM ANIERE » TERIA + BILBO + RAS RR AR BE 60 Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, White Masks, trans. Charles Lam Markman (New York: Grove Press, 1967), p.108. 51. (BEESO + 1109 «BO | GRC} RSL SEP ARTA + SE ERASER F YT PRES eT: Hh (PDH) KRY BRA + SAEBEEI RIE AA RE— EE + REITER + LDL TREAT , «NACHE POE AE RSESAT Bh, USAID ANTI + CDR THERE TT PRU RSA + (NTL PRR RAT AN (Bei lec BA ESR IRR)» SETAE A + CENCE TORT HPT ARERR P+ LEB —BRERAY ~ SR RBS + ROE PAEAIRAY + A SU ATGER FRAT URS 1 PRLS + ToS RAT TRE » EASIER BOATS + ATR AAMT + TNLSSHY SRG + REA i El BUR RS» REARS iC TR a AS AE CAR + 1S ERAS TIRES SA > AOA TERBOS (SURE) PESIE STE baRAY BUS + BABRATEKI CH» DURES AR IS OMS eDRR + RAN SE TEAR A ey 8 eC RERN HERR PEATE + ERAT ACUI + OCR SAC SHE PE HE + SRG ANTDLES T BARA SNAIL REM LS AS - RBCS + REE TEUNREL ER» EE RE T° BE We BR AOS > “TERE MP RBS AUR TF + POET CAN ¢ RRALMHORE AGRTRERT, HERE + #HellostGood Morning Mi BF ALK + Hy to BAR A a Be 52 FER» CARRIO)» Fi92 - 53 FER: GalRIED «A178 « 54 MEDS NEARER) (dedk : BEATA » 1980.02) » FA187 ©5B FL} — fest PATIOS (ERE: ASHE 131 SEN Ma RR aE FRE 8 Sk AR AR AB AAR BBB o * Te SED + RE — PA RE : RA PR 22 > ARE PICI SIAR PF + MASSE AT RICH AEH > TRATES ( SUR ) + SE PEAR ORT - RASHES - — ARE RLY SIZ PA ARRIG ATR» SEE SNE AERA PAARL - KA-BAR » FOE MAT A EAT » RUA HE SR AEA + TE DUR HSMISCAL Le SeaR CHISEL > AEE SS RE « BORE + AO TEARE: Ai RA CRAMER RACE RISB + RAMEE AAT + BUPA RS ETRE A, + THE SRI A REPU TEATHE AR » ULES + AT CER RE FEF > IEA AGE ATRER IMS "FEEL 1 (representation) A9f8til - HERIAIE ERE + BUSCA] UCR» RET LUIS + EAE HE BHESAAAAROF OK >» ARRAS AAS SR DAE AAT + ZA aA RT UR « RACH > ASAP REN BIRER (BRE AR RCIA FEBL, + WA LHC | RANE + AEH ES Se BR ALAA SNA EACH RT BRD RPT AP A» MES + EE OH (AR > SUR DETAR] - MAEDA CATER + SER 55 fet: (BM) Hoe 56 C.T. Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction, p.575.132 GRC — BB POSRAGSCIS + TUBDIRECIAER MATL MRCS «7 FURR PIS ERR M) REORA DARREL MESSER GAS — ° Ala SERGE + HCE CARRE + HRT SRABECHE + — ABTA - OUR + SRS DS OR BS RY SS CL ts HS ZHI + RAAB MRR ABR SIR RHE RAK ; ARABS SALAM (space) R—-MAARMACEOR CER + TRA (BSS (place) °° (BRIE ERAS > RES FARAZMAAROLOSS » HAN : REARS (OF BEML / (SCPE EY / BSR > R/T «cl SERRA + SME RAY - ESRI BOUL : PRS ADE TT RHROCSE » SERRA RE RL » SABE AE PRAHA: PLPRALAS AOD ATMOS + ERAT SEAN SC(LECHE SRPMS + IRL ALA BUMEATT A + 5/88 BASSET ES ELIS 5 HORI © € MAMZR) Ps IANA RE » WSAT Laie ay RRS ARM ATE / (CARRE) / Pia SERS WAY (ERB) /AR-BBRB/ (ERERER) 1 °° ER HR SARS + ROEHL + PATTY + BEER CER) SEBER (ERA AB) NUM + RE ORMAT Bit Ba BS AS Se RE VEC BAS SCR ESA BOS IR ° FORRES AT BETES EHR L L/ HR / SLL > 1 EEE See (REDCILSCI » ADOPTING AY » EE LAER TC ATI» HARE Seth «(EAB)» Fis9 Paul Carter, Tho Road to Botany Bay: An Exploration of Landscape and History (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1989.12), piv. Soke + (BERED) «B70 ise Ato Miso» 71+ 223s 89ABE — Pe PAIR RS PER RES IT 133, SEC BDVEGE | PR BEAT HST eis ROEDER PRTUOEBL HL + SLUG E(B SC LAO AT ARTES A > BEL TANBRAMCS Me MATE RD BS BRATS + RAZA SUI OEE (PURO REREAD) Lt TIER ATRE AURA DREN - HERA IEP Sak SF SAIIBES SERA «AAA + BRACAIRLA » SEPA BSR BASL EE» (EES WREST + ESET (Bi Ht) SRA Ate > EBA IER + BUT — a8 BEG a ck —— BARE EE He fo BRAD ER © BARA» WARRAM > REG HB RAR ° 42 By KIER AG + RAT ADR DEA DRE >? BW ABAE A LIMENRE + (EE HE, BORE EWE » TGS RRS NABH» LP ea EEE OR» OE SOLUS MES » RRS SRR PREM - GREPRARS— Hk BMA HERR SS > ERE 62 RESO» FH50-61 «4 - GROSS RR CHARS TSA MUREARM MAEDA R PHA CRSA Hh TERGRRA ZONA + BCR ITI AR ° EMR BT BSP OCIGEG EA MESUES + IFC Dae EMR BA EAT BGR (ASW) » TED LN EECR » Roe R eI AOS WCAC > AGATE SMI ACR ARR ECHR RC TER SB CASRC I) + ITAA A the + CEO Ch eR WEEE HS ATT «AGU TES M » RSPEI: + SARA + ERA SMART + IEMA PRD Bo /Mi: BABRRE SA SURE ROR ATO NE | BA A RRO TE 3 + WEES OTA SAA A ES ES (EAT » PRT ANIC SSR + MERUTULRG [ROK + MACTTREROE RAD > BLAUEERH SOE A> ARES PARES + RCSA, + TURRET ta ee ATSC «DAWG > MERRIER EAM LEE + ES ERMA P APRS BS BR + SEH + AIRS RABSE RRREE » BUM FPO BREE A BIEH MORRIE » ELBIT ESSIEN + HT CECE BAT RRs | TERIOR «RCRA «AT PMB LST VSWAR » ABARAT ALTE RCE SOARED A + FAA EI TERRIERS + OCTAVE NTEOM +e PRCA ea ROUTER + li» HESS IBIASORNES + AE HRI AR a aR AMAR S MR HAS » A Asta LO RREHEAR «eS FRA ~ RESGOA « RUT + ITE OLS ° SET + SOR MERA FERSGD +» UGA HS SHER B OARS FER BAAR 63 HUM + CHD. HR RMA: KTR AMMD (it CR RCTRAA 2000.05) + 11304.316 »SOLS thee) — seer HR SRT ERED LOTTE 135 USGA TS ABE A (ROE » RRS + EAE TERLASMELLTR » ROR ASR, + SAAR ee ERA SAI +) REAR BETS HHEREMA REL - AE + MRED ARES FE SAUSBE GE > TELS HER LA SELB © tt + PE SSS EME BATT | A RIN CAC LARA PB LPS SE EE HSS + WSR HOSA + TEENA GEL REER RT BEY RE — BAA M RRA» ELIA B AB « SUSIE RBG WMERAR RIE R » REAR » Re He RRA > TSS Alia > AL + EERE AEF SCE» MEMS R, + AHR RE « ° EE RRA —& + RPA GEARS A + SBP RAINE EMA OR HE LEADER FM RAIS + BRAS BE RR i> ARDHRE (RET) RED RASS SINR RARE BE + RT (OH AU BARC AI ARTRSRAS > ABE aE te BR UE HA ES I + EERE TE T BFS SEH A A TF TE TR = SSE LETRA ANDD PERESRURRAMS THA » CAMBAT I Ja ABE SEAR — TEMA TOPTIEE: » SHERRILL FERS A ARES» AR AAR AERC RRARTIES °° EZ CRT) RR FETC RAL EENI SEE TEAR LSI (HE) RA SPER « SAFE PASAT Edd » Julia Links ERR AR AEP: PEPR-KABSBAA MRRP RE - 7 CNT FERRIC + ROLCP TESA AORT + LCRA FEE + SLSR (64 Angelika Bammer, “introduction,” Displacement: Cultural Identities in Question, ed. Angelika Bammer (Bloomington: indiana University Press, 1994.12), pp xxix 65. Dorinne Kondo, “The Narrative Production of ‘Home,’ Community, and Political Identity in Asian ‘American Theater,” in Displacement, Diaspora, and Geographies of Identity, ed. Smadar Lavie and ‘Ted Swedenburg (Durham: Duke University Press, 1996.06), pp.97-118. 66 Edward Said, "Reflection on Exile,” p.145. 67 Julia Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry, p.158.B6 | GACT} SEX FANS > SORA es Eh ZR EE RS RT UMENISYE - Blt EVER SRT MARA RBTA Seah + WASP GAPE RAEN » TL fe: BE CBBT RAR ANTES » STH» BUPA AGRE, » FOE REL RRS + REIS ASE PARR 20TH FHS SHEAR GH * BRAS AEN + BURR SCILRZ] + SBA SUBS - At MEME SAMA TREBRRB SD hee SRA G A CHT EARN + Te ER A CALERA « > VANS TR ESSA (writing identity) > ARIANA ek (AVA TEST ME + TSR Rats GH | + TERS SE SAI SU + eR AS HEE + BARESSSE ft — Ae AHR SE ITE 37 BSBA —.58 E58 ROL PRRTEMOR HH) CBT : ASRLUARIE » 200302) + aoe CAF AOREI Cdk : SFRMMIMEL + 1952.03) > CHEM) (CGdk : BBA > 1954.10) + —— > CBA) Codk : HESS + 1960.08) + CREA) Cd: SR > 1969.05) + — + CRT) Cdk + SCEBHIRRIL » 1969.11) + GESGIE) Cdk + ASHRLURBAL + 1974.04) + — (SO) Codk : AMHIMEIL » 1974.07) + STE BRAALACR (BURKE CPS) (TRIE: LETT SCHR + 2001.12) + te Bs CARRS: QOETHERAND COHBRIBEIN + TESRLIREL + 2002.05) » RRR: CRUEL: @0GP TRADER RR SE) Caodk ME OC RAH Rie» 1979.05) * > CRRA ELBE + IEP TE ALEPSRMR (1979-1993) > Ck + PUMA itt + 199410) + BG (RFE AM : RES) (dk + SEBUM » 2002.04)» BOSAS SCR + CREST SCLARR RRR ¢ IEP EE TAR OT > (Bil + BORA ICHE + 2008.09) + (RM CREE: FOE) Cdk | RP ICEL] + 1999.01) + —— ORR: RERRIED) Ciadt + KR ICEHMRA ET + 2002.03)» PRI CIEL: GORE CBM) Cab + PLRRLEMRE * 1999.06) = FRBGS + CBCRP) Cdk : BRS SCBURKEL + 2003.11) + —— > GEESDCRZEM) Cadk : BDEHIARIL » 1989.02) + BURR + CALS + Acai» BUTTERS + SCULPT RSC Cook: IDC SSE 235] + 2000.05) = Abrams, M. H. The Mirror and the Lamp: Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition.(New+H WGA York: Oxford University Press, 1953.12) Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. rev. ed. (London: Verso Press, 1991) Bammer, Angelika ed. Displacement: Culeural Identities in Question. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.12) Carter, Paul. The Road 10 Botany Bay: An Exploration of Landicape and History (Chicago: ‘The University of Chicago Press, 1989.12) Frantz, Fanon. Black Skin, White Masks. Translated by Charles Lam Markman, (New York: Grove Press, 1967) Hsia, C. T. A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 3rd ed.(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999. 12) Kincaid, Jamaica. A Small Place. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1988.07) Lavie, Smadar and ‘Ted Swedenburg ed. Displacement, Diaspora, and Geographies of Identity (Durham: Duke University Press, 1996.06) Lin, Julia, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. (Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1985. 07) Lowenthal, David. The Past Is a Foreign Country. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985) Rutherford, Jonathan ed. Identity: Communiey, Culture, Difference. (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990.07) Suleiman, Susan Rubin ed. Exiles and Creativity: Signposts, Travelers, Outsiders, Backward Glances. (Butham: Duke University Press, 1998.05) Yeh, Michelle, Modern Chinese Poetry: Theory and Practice Since 1917. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.03) Yu, Kwang-chung, Acres of Barbed Wire. (Taipei: Mei Yu Publications, Inc., 1971) Mary McCarthy, Altogether Elewhere: Writers on Exile, ed. Marc Robinson (Faber and Faber Inc., 1994.12)