Fundamental Concepts Basic Quantities Length, Time, and Mass are “Base Units.” Foree is a “Derived Unit.” Mass [M] Lenath [2] “Length is used to locate the position of a point In space and thereby describe the size af 2 physical system. ‘Mass is the property of an object that is a ‘measure of its quantity of matter, ts inert, and its influence in a gravitational field. o Time [T] pate E orce Ee Time is conceived as a succession of events. Force is considered as a “push” or “ull” exerted by one body on another. oe Bice kegs Idealizations Models or idealizations are used in mechanics in order to simplify application of the theory. Pat le Rigid Body Concentrated Force ‘A particle has a mass, bout a size that can be neglected, ‘Arigid body can be consisered as a combination of 2 large number of particles in which all the particles remain at a fed distance from one another, both before and after applying a load, ‘A concentrated force reprasents the effect ofa loading which is assumed to act at a point on a body. dest — —— oaNewton's Three Laws of Moti First Law Second Law Third Law Apatticle ‘A particle acted upon The mutual forces of originally at rest, by an unbalanced force F action and reaction ‘or moving in a straight line with experiences an acceleration a between two particles constant velocity, ‘that has the same direction are equal, ‘tends to remain in this state as the force ‘opposite, provides the partie is not land @ magnitude that is directly and collinaar, subjected to an unbalanced force. proportional to the force. : 9 + ‘ee r AB “force of Bon A Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction Shortly after formulating his three laws of mation, ‘Neviton postulated a law governing the gravitational attraction between any two particles, Stated mathematically, where: I we assume the earth to be @ nonrotating sphere of F = force of gravitation between constant density and heving a mass m, = M,, the two particles then ifr is the distance between G = universal constant of gravitation; the earth’s center and the particle, we have according ta experimental evidence, mM. wao"r mass of each of the two particles distance between the two particles 6673010 The standard units for the “International System of Units” (SI) and the “U.S. Customary” (FPS) LOS eee rrr Neme Length Time Mase Force Intemational meter —«second—slogram ——_[newion"] si m . ky (kg-m) (ss US. Custon foot soomda pound FPS ine) f s ta) b