Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 349 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM April 1993 [UDC 614.8:351.456:62-783.61 Descriptors: Safety of machines, accident prevention, hazards, human body, distance, minimum value English version Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body Sécurité des machines — Ecartements Sicherheit von Maschinen — Mindestabstinde minimaux pour prévenir les risques zur Vermeidung des Quetschens von. «écrasement de parties du corps humain Korperteilen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-04-02. CEN members, are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europaisches Komitee fiir Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 349:1993 ELicensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 349:1993 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery”, WG 2 “Safety distances’. ‘This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Commission of the European Communities and the Secretariat of the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s) This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1993, and conflicting national standards, shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 193, In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. © BSI 10-1998Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 349:1993 0 Introduction According to BN 292-1, in general machinery is said to be safe if it ean perform its funetion, be transported, installed, adjusted, maintained, dismantled and disposed of under the conditions of its intended use without causing injury or damaging human health. One method of avoiding the hazard of crushing of parts of the human body is to make use of the ‘minimum gaps in this standard. In specifying minimum gaps a number of aspects have to be taken into consideration, such as — accessibility of the crushing zones; — anthropometric data, taking into account ethnic groups likely to be found in European countries; — technical and practical aspects. If these aspects are further developed the current, state of the art, reflected in this European Standard, could be improved. 1 Scope ‘The object of this European Standard is to enable the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from erushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method. This European Standard is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in, NOTE For, eg. impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards additional or other measures need tobe taken, 2 Normative references ‘This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated. references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision, For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 292-2, Safety of machinery — Basie concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs, 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following definition applies in addition to the definitions given in EN 292-1 and EN 294: crushing zone zone in which the human body or parts of the human body are exposed to a crushing hazard. This hazard will be generated if — two movable parts are moving towards one another; — one movable part is moving towards a fixed part; (see also annex A) 4 Minimum gaps 4.1 Methodology for the use of this European Standard ‘The method of using this European Standard shall form part of the iterative safety strategy outlined in clause 5 “Strategy for selecting safety measures” of EN 292-1. ‘The user of this European Standard shall: a) Identify the crushing hazards. }b) Assess the risks from these hazards in accordance with EN 292-1 paying particular attention to the following. — Where it is foreseeable that the risk from a crushing hazard involves different parts of the body, the minimum gap in Table 1 relating to the largest of these parts shall be applied (ee also d)). — The unpredictable behaviour of children and their body dimensions if children are included in the population at risk. — Whether parts of the body could enter the crushing zone in a configuration other than those indicated in Table 1 — Whether thick or bulky clothing (e.g. protection clothing for extreme temperatures) or tools have to be taken into account. — Whether machinery will be used by persons wearing thick soled footwear (e.g. clogs) which will increase the effective dimension of the foot. ©) Select from Table 1 the appropriate minimum gap relating to the body part at risk (Gee also annex A). 4) If adequate safety cannot be achieved by the minimum gaps selected from Table 1, other or additional measures and/or means shall be used (see e.g. EN 292-1, EN 292-2 and EN 294). © BSI 10-1998Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 349:1993 Ifthe minimum gap for the largest expected body part cannot be achieved, the following example gives one particular means or restricting access to smaller body parts Example: indicated in Figure 1. following: or between two moving parts; the crushing zone. distances can be found in EN 294, Table 1 Dimensions in millimetres Protective structure safety can be reached. 4.2 Values crushing of parts of the human body. For the Pat oF body Tlustration mum gap] Body 500 Access of larger body parts to the crushing zone > can be prevented by the use of protective structures having a restricted opening, as x ‘The possibility of access to a crushing zone for a IN particular part of the ody is dependent on the ase typ —the gapa between the fixed and moving part _ | *vourable 3 position) — the depth b of the crushing zone; — the dimensions e of the opening in the Teg 180 proteetive structure and its distances d from NOTE. The dimension for openings in relation to safety va Le Foot 120 \ r _| * Toes 30 on r WY | | — | ‘Arm 130 a 6 Lf Hand 100 = Figure 1 Wrist aw ©) For certain applications there may be LED justifiable reasons to deviate from the minimum gaps in Table 1. Standards dealing with these applications shall indicate how an adequate Finger B ‘Table 1 gives values for minimum gaps to avoid S selection of the appropriate minimum gap see 4.1 © BSI 10-1998Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 349:1993 Annex A (informative) Illustration of crushing zones ‘The indicated crushing zones and the parts of the human body considered are examples only. For the application of risk assessment see 4.1. Legend: Figure Al © BSI 10-1998 5Isa (0) ‘Adoo peyjozuooun ‘9002 00:00+LWD 9€:22:20 92 190 NUL ‘Bu ‘uNpjaIeYs UNPIeYjeys :Adog pasuedr] blankLicensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 349:1993 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible ‘The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Machinery and Components Standards Policy Committee (MCE/-) to Technical Committee MCE/3, upon which the following bodies were represented: Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Institute Agricultural Engineers Association British Cable Makers Confederation British Compressed Air Society British Federation of Printing Machinery and Supplies Ltd. British Rubber Manufacturers’ Association Ltd, British Textile Machinery Association Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Consumers’ Association Department of Trade and Industry Engineering Employers’ Federation Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association Federation of Bakers Health and Safety Executive Institute of Materials Management Institution of Occupational Safety and Health Loss Prevention Couneil METCOM Machine Tool Technologies Association Machinery Safety Equipment Manufacturers’ Association Society of Laundry Engineers and Allied Trades Limited Trades Union Congress National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard EN 292-1:1991 BS EN 292 Safety of machinery — Basie concepts, general principles for design Part 1:1991 Basic terminology, methodology EN 292.2:1991 Part 2:1991 Technical principles and specifications EN 294:1992 BS EN 294:1992 Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs © BSI 10-1998Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London Wa 4AL BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. 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