INTEGRAL CALCULUS

feb) fed

fcb) A=f(b). I

Arafatin-De) e

I
e
alateatie. = a the
at chill

flatne). I + flat (me) l t -- + flatze). e + featele

lim

no

n
④= b-a
A = him Σ flatth) h n
ND ✗ =\

- cm

a b
 h= b-a
n
e.g. y=n²
yeah
A= Al→ima 1£, flat th). h

h
= lime,Σ/at in+ 2am)
had 1=1

lim (b-a) ah + Antnthantit 20h (nly)

hi * h 6

a b
=lim a²(b-a) +lik b-a) EntilantD +
hyo n- 6m²
final b-a)my
n# 12 +# a-
i n
⅔ 6m³ = a²(b-a) + (a)3 + alb-at
IT

y=k² 2b-a ¾ 221

= a- 5- a³-3 ab²+3a²b + albta -
24/
3

A = ¾-I3 22

522 = 3 23
2 3 ] 2 )
②
l

$22 =
⅓

22 ¾" = b""
= I ⅔
% ntl 9""
Ntl
a 3 a

23 and
→ 1m³ - b" - a"
a 4 4 nth
ACN) Area fxh
22
⅔ A (a) = 13
 % 2 = ACS) - Aca)
b a

a
[fin) = Acb) -Ala)

a
Acn)

25g)
:
⇔" = ⅓ (3/4) = 22
3

sinn - CO5R (cos a) ' - sin = sinn

♂ e"

(AMD' = f(n) (A)'= as

anti-derivative 26) "= ×5

5
flatus $6 -

5h - -£
6

(cos b) - (-cos a)
25
/sinn (cost) - Gos
= -/ 1 = -2
111211
2T
A 2
4=2

ftw b M-l
h
h= b 9
Definite /fins - lim Σ fca + t b), ÷
Integral no 1= 1
a
M-2

a = A (b) - Aca), A '(n) = fin)

b
AG)
 (Alm)' = fin)
Infffnite
ginn = -COSA + C
(cos a)'= sinn

/m² = 73 + C E)≤"

(1) + ③ = 24+0 = 22
(Aa)'-an

2%+0 "⅔-1 n¾ +28

bSfa) A (b) - Ala) = ⑦ (b) *) -(Fla)#

= F (b)- Fla)
a

(fin) = Fin) + c (C)+ c) '- F'(a) = fin)

anti-deli

5
5m²
= Etc); = (5+4-6%+1) = ⅔-¾ 12s-8
2 3
= 113 59 units
1 122 = R¾+c ✓

f) Indef Int.
HE

⑥ Sk fin) = K/fin) ⑨(a)±/fin) ⑧ fcdn= Crt co

 ① %"dn= 11, + c, n# Santbate = 93" + big + on +d

② Span = Ink + ( ② Sfg = f)g-ffg

Choice: ILATE
③ fern = etc

④ Sandu = an ② If = n.f-fat' >

end + C

⑤ /sin = -Conte
⑤(gal))' = f'(gin)-g 'en)
⑥ /cos n = sinute
dfcglai-dflg.int. dg as

⑦ Stann -In COSH + c an agent an

en secn + C
Sf'cglnn.gl = fight + c
⑧ I cotn = usinute

⑨ /seen =" - encsent,

In/secuttann + ( In tan/It? + c
= _In/seen-tannl
⑥/ cosein = en Iason-total + c
= In tan ½/ + C
= - In/ can + cotulte
① /seen = tannic
120 Scsch = -cota + c

13 fsecutann = seen + (
14 f csen cota = -co seen + c

① f I = sin-in + c = sin-In + c
→ Soli
Fm = -cost n + I

⑥
= tanta + c
HE - cotton + c

sectate
① /inlay = -asante

180/fun = ulna-n + C

190 ff" = en/fall to

th
 = flu)
fful
gens)'-fin)

/flu) = aflul - Saf '(n)

ffln.ge)

(f. h)'= f!h+ fg-

$ g)'= gigt gf

11g-5517 '=#+ £-SX

= fg

Sfg = f.Sg-Stig

= gst- 5g't

e.y facosn - a/cos -fifa-

I. B.PT
asinn + cosn + C

If.g = ffg -ffg

/f.1 = --n -ff'"

 fflghl.ge" da = Fights

d(Fegan) = dflgcull.dgins-flgcun.g.cn). (F '(n) E fin))

da • dg (n) du
d(sincn²t2)) = cos (R42). (2n) Gini)' = cos n
dm
dF(gal = f (g (n))

dg" ↳ Agent. dgen)) = Fights

✗ du d(n42)
d sink+2)
COS (n'+ 2)
delta)

/CosCn²+2) 2n da = sin (n't 21+6

d(a²+2) = 2n.dk ⊛
⑤ cos (22+2) dm² +2) = sin (n'+ 2) to I not

Agent = guide

/figan again = /fight. guide = Figure

agent = guide Stank dm² = / tank? (2n) da = In/cosalte

wit w wit n Any

n²= t

2nd" = at

/tant at Stant-at = In cost/+ (Any

- = In/cost/+ Cans,
 f (gall glen)

④+ sinn)
5(7n6+cosn)5 da = Figure

↳N'+ sinn = t
( > (7×6 + cosn) da = at

/ 5ᵗdt = 5t
+c
1ns Any
= 5n'+ sinn
+ cg
1ns

= Glenn}(1) an 1mn
4 +C
Semi
Ans

lnn=t

✗ dn=dt

=/Eat = t" = In"n + C

Ftc
Y
=/(nm}denn)

fsin³ncosudn 1"
⅔ 5m-7

523 cos@"+2) da
ft""
f sin da 5th
3+2 cosh
JAN"f"" d"
sec" du
flog(tan:) an
1 tank sink

SJ tann (It tannlda

/ seen an / flogn
 tann
2=72
Rev. Sub. Jn=t
As eco do

Finite Sfail da , n= get) 5g" =

a²tan²0+a²
I

ff(gadget) n = atano as eco do

In = a secodo = ) * seco
=/fig (th. g'(t) at
= /seco do
= F (g (t)) + a
✓ £+42 - In/secottanolte
x
Flute = In/ " +C
o a "¼
a
= In Intsatail to
n= as eco
f-a n
An = a secotanodo Q
II. "
ase co tan
◦ do = In/ ¼ +4%1+1
atano
= In In + Suhail to
g- ñta² katana y = a- seco
a- acoto y = desco
y= 22-92 > n-aseco y = atano
acsco a Koto

y= a- a > n- asino y = acoso

acoso y = asino

f- Jain I = CC05 20 y = coto

a-n

If 345 sec²(3n-5) = tank-she

@ 345
da +C 3
3

Yasin (ants) da = Cos Can +b) + c

a As

/fmdn = Flake antb=t

adn = at
Fantbladn = Hf fit) at
 Flt) + c = F- (ants)
c
a a

9 Formulae

= Ian-(%)" +6
① 5 far 9222 = 59th/911 " /aka:-21:
/t

= In/at vital to = sin" (4)to f¥a= enintsi-a.tn

② f#m She

JJ a-at = ½Ja²a2-Elul 1+1

③ fJa²+ñ = ½Jñ +a- + agent it,/✓ a-"= 2 Jan+ 128in'(1) +1

Station - aha /1 2h SI
2Jn²+a²

= afftar - /(22+92)-92
2402

= Watan - Stata + at

Jutta

Saida = net + a² In/at TEN + (

I 2

facosa - usinn + cosn = 1-11 - (E) - -I

1 2
½
½
Area = Et)

facosa = a sinn 1 Sinn

I
= asinn + Cosa to
 5 1ns 1ns
/sin/Inn) da. = /sintat - - costt) = -cos (ns)-(-coseny
- em
n
1h2 = Costa-costs
2 Any
+ = Inn
subst"
2=2 t = In 2 e-" - e"
n=s t = 1ns , th

↑
/ Edu =-e-");
1
0
It e-") - (eo) O
ND

- 0

1
1

/ Inadu = (rem-nae)!
O
= (2)
Any
H½
11, É
2
1 2
-2
O
21
1 E
4T
sinndu =
 ① {flaldn = Feb)-Fca), FILM = flu)

b d
2 {finian = A, fffuldn=A,-AYA,

As a
AI
a
a §find = -Ai flu) du = -AztAz
2 - AI
d
/fluidn = As

area v. c. atod = A) + AIA}

b a

/find = -/find
a b
a

/find =
a

③ Se"²dn /sin
n
NO7N
Estimation integi c
2
1
Selda

In equations O

M
fab-a) </flu) <flb)(b-a) M
i
m
m
b feb) (b-* {flu) ( flax b- a) a b
a
M
m.lt#fail (1lb-a)

m
 u
e
e
1 'fern Le
I
b
l I
"get
ace-1 fm a a
gin)

< e- 1
14/e"dn
b
• 35 2.7-1 a
1.7
1

4 mlb-a) < {find < M (b-a)

⑤ fen ≤ gin, ⇒ Item ≤ Iga) 4

144=4223
a = 3
"1m² 2
2
6 ⑤ fluid
/ '1""
a 124- 1×12=22

= 01=0 2
sinan 2ñ
2
✓ O h

^
//sinnlda = 4
0
b b
7 f"
/fluid = /fit) at
a a
n

b
F (b)-Fla) F (b)-Fla)
 5
5 sint at
e- sink au , 5"§ie sim³ an = § e.
- ⅓ get)
ge=t = 2. 3m² t
n
2"
2
Lq³=t
3m² dn=dt
pie.{313 / I
c b b
⑧
/fm + Sfm - Sfm)
a c a

b b
C
flu)
Ithan = It"
a c

b ⊛ Pef"
a
I

: In]dn=1

2 2
du t 1dm

0 + 1 = 1

9
2 sinn = 0

-½ odd fx
1
f-"
→ 12 A
- Efa) f- a) =-fin)
f(N)

½ ¼
Cosa = 2 CO5N
-½ O

⇒ even fan
 ft-m =fh)

a -fG)=oddfxh
"/findn=fm+f")'
fan -a
⑨ fin) - feel = even fin
a 0
E → 2%4)
ft" fin) - fat = NENO

⑤cosn = from
- ° IBT
a
-a (m² Cost-n) = n²cosn
flats-n)
fin)
01 0 b)for)dn = A = {flat b-a)da
fen)

a
A
fen = A
b →
-b -a a
%
- of + ☒ + b) If cosh
§ sin: a. Cosh + sink
ft" • sin"n + cosh
flat b- a) 0
I
0
* b
I 21 = 12-0 ⇒ I- I
⑤find = /flat b- a)do
property a a a) + b-t -a

n=a → t=b
a = atb-t n=b → t-a
da = -diet
a b

f- Cats-that = /flats-u)dn
a
b
 fc2.am) fo
11
Ifindn-§find#[find

9 a
= fluidnt flea-a)dm

29
-a 0 a 29 ofaldn-%fEltflza.nl/dn
29

E
⑤sinn (sin + sin (a-n))
0

= ⑦2s inn *
0
2" I
fluidn = ②first f(2a-n)Idn = 2?sinn
0

= 0 I f(2a-n) = -fin)
a
2/flu) flza-n) = f-(n)

120 periodic 4th

8ñ 2ñ
✓ /sinn = 5 sin = ◦
4 4
1 ñ - 2T
-2A 100
Sinn ⇒ 2m
[{a} du = 150/43 = 100×12
da-C-in)
⇒III-5 -50 • = 50
½xIXl= ½
Period-1

½ ½ 00 - (507= = 150
½
2 1
 if flatti = fin), I I NE2, AER
Item = nF,

h= V. L- LL ② atht T
Period
{finian = n/fin)

T
③ "/finda =""
f"
MT
④ atht

fluidn = ↑ftmdn

NT
but
⑤ /fluid = {find
Atht

flat-Isinal flatt)-fin)

NT
①
3*3^41 3m45 255 A
O 2n ✓ f- nF"
ñ 23T

35+3 at nt
at ht ② (fin) = nffen)
flsinal = §Isinal
a
/fim:/fin) 3h41 nT
⑨ ③ = f-miffed
nt Sta
MT

UCt) = Eh flu)
13 U(2) = 4
unconet Cct)
Ucm-
Cover
a)
bs'peed
Speed v6)
ft) UCR)
 'time E- 2 ✓(n)
theh CC2)
AG) =/fetidt
UC27 - V62) AC2 fit) at ⇒ Un)
UC)
✓(n)
ff = F
d Acn) = £§f-chat F' =f
da Un)

F- (veil - Fluid)
41=1N it)

A'(n) = f (v41) Vm) - fluent. Un)

U (n) v6,
v41

A'd * feat = fluent 911 - flu cnn.dk?­

Uln)
ACM ↗
n 42

e.9g joint at = ✓ sin" (2n) - Final"

Ans,
R

e"
d fetsint at = fee"sine") 02_ @242
sin (ite). 22
da 242
Any

( ""
/fetlat f(acts) aint flared aim)

and
 9cm b (2) - (-5) = 5-2- 3
14 A= g (n) -fin) dñ
a 5- 3=2 ①
fin
5 - (3) = 8 5+3
gln)
5

a b
a
¾

a b
2
g
-

3
④fly)-gig)dy
94 b fi)
Y
150 b
fly
5- A pay

5
m²
¾m² =:
O
2
Trydy
2 = LET Any
0 E
52
393% I
o 2

y = sin-in
Tsingdy = 0
E
sing ⇒ 0
(cosy],"

0 - (-1) = 1
 MT
f- '(a) ftflath)-flat
flath) = h→o = Mt/mF 11 + Ratio
dy
flat
du

↳ slope-f'(n)
dy
a ath
dm M m=2

y=2n
Linea" man = dy
dy dy da
dm
dm
a
differential = Mdn
y = fin)
d = flman

dy = fluent £-= flu) = dg (fin)

d(ñ) = 2ndn
disinn) = cosa da
dy = find
d (en) = enda
(sin)'= dsinn
du = (Osn

dfinn) = (inn) 'da

y-f (n)

dy = fin) da
suggestivation
= (Itm) d"

y=fa) dy = finda ⇒ fins = day

d (afar) = (fin) + nful) da

day) = you + a/g) dn

 n
y=e deny) = gant ady
↳ dy = end"
=- y da - a dy
dl: d(1y) = 92

i
DE9H int. F.o.o
CGsian ÷
y = mn family a curves

day-m ↳
2412=1,2 ✓
di fetent my, dy, du,
eqn
Iq It,
g- 4.). 2n + 29%4=0 ✓

dy -a
f""
1- ¥ I dm I
dg
1£ due
2 2
order =3 crude mathematical study
5014 of DE97 r
£4 22 D.E91 Scienee TC0'
1=18%4 ½
deg-1
PH=%f
F.O-C ♀¥im. V=Uc
s= ut + fat' Physics

DEgh
motion
due = v
9th

dh =a
adny = (y ¼e))"
H.DE >
Older
① DEI
Degree ⑨y'+ y² = ex ¾ Zen (diff) 0=2
D= 1
LH.D.C­ dm²
② H-D
e%% -a date +7=0
III.
③
In ty=
¼ (4)'+19£ =
-
da
 FYI a²ty⅔² D= 2

&
2^+29%2=0
0=1
an²+ by? 5

£,
2

Degree → Poly" D. C.
0=2
5=4
4
32+5
2m² &. e 5
II. =

In(A) = antby,
0=1
C
"= pant by D= I
4.

① Di - Eqn (Eg" in ay, du, dy, y', y's.-)

diff , int.

Family of Curves

4¥- y-o DE9H

y-ma I F0C
7ift"
£n=m=¥
/(In-9 da= So

"In-1=0 DE9"
muti-val.
F-O-C
 A- 2
IT ¥

59=1:

= that C
Any
Inn + a
y = e = e" e'

y- ma

% ½ ¥. ((1-5)%1) = far
1- g² with
with
x2
A ↳
1-y' y-y; + C, = ⅓ +4
da
£0
↳f-g) dy = 22dm - ly) day da = Fly)+ C
s
-¾ - ¾ to

Fly) = fly) data

/(f) 97m¥ =/fly) dy = Fly)to

dy

eg. you + Cathy) dy-o

dy = fulda

you + ady + my dy -o
fact)
dy = find"
E
⑨(1c)r2y) = yy
at = t'dn

F ¥
 rty=-tryto

D.Eqn
Queso I. D. Eqn > Prob.
Solvine
✓
Homogeneous
Variable n
Separable Exact differential

F-O-C

Eg"

1I
By
Indefinite Integrals
AOC
DE9N

£9"
DI