States of Matter

I will be able to define and describe matter and the

three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Matter • States of Matter.
– All matter is made of – Solid
atoms. – Liquid
– Atoms are in constant – Gas
motion.
– Particle movement
determines the state of
matter.
 I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Solids
– Shape:
• Definite
– Volume:
• Definite
– Atoms:
• Very close together.
• Vibrate in place.
– Exception:
• Water, ice has more space
between atoms than liquid
water. That is why when it
freezes it _______________.
 I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Liquids
– Shape:
• Not definite
• Takes shape of
• container
– Volume:
• Definite
– Atoms:
• Further apart
• Move, have more kinetic
energy.
 I will be able to define and describe matter and the
three states of matter.
What are the states of Matter?
• Gases
– Shape:
• Not definite
– Volume:
• Not Definite
– Atoms:
• Moving very fast.
• Most kinetic energy.
– Move faster when heat
is applied.
– Move slower when
heat is taken away.
 Apply it!

Which state(s) of matter take the shape of the

container they are in?
A) Solids
B) Liquids
C) Liquids and Gases
D) Gases
 Apply it!

Which state(s) of matter would be at the

lowest temperature and have the least energy
A) Solids
B) Liquids
C) Liquids and Gases
D) Gases
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Changes in States
– A change of a substance
from one physical state to
another.

– Examples:
• Water vapor to liquid
water.
• Liquid water to ice.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Energy Gained or Lost
– To change state, energy
must be added or
removed.
– Gaining or losing energy
changes the temperature
of a substance.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Melting
– Solid becomes liquid.

– Energy is added
• Particles speed up.
• Temperature rises

– Melting point
• Temperature at which a
substance changes from
a solid to a liquid.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Evaporation
– Process by which liquids
change to a gas.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Sublimation
– Change in state from a solid
directly into a gas. (skips
liquid phase)
• Add heat
• Atoms gain energy
• Escape into the air as a gas.
• Example: Dry Ice
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Condensation
– The change in state from
a gas to a liquid.
• Cooling a gas
• Particles lose energy.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Deposition
– Change in state from a
gas directly to a solid.
• Substance cools.
• Atoms lose energy
• No liquid forms in the
process.
• Example:
– Water vapor turns into
ice crystals.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What is a change in State?
• Freezing
– Liquid becomes solid.

– Loss of energy.
• Particles slow down
• Temperature cools

– Freezing point
• Temperature at which a
substance changes into a
solid.
• Water = 0C or 32F
I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What happens to matter when a change of state occurs?
• Mass is Conserved
– The amount of matter
stays the same during a
phase change.

– The mass does not change

when its state changes.
 I will be able to explain what a change in state is
and describe how matter changes state.
What happens to matter when a change of state occurs?
• Mass is Conserved
 Apply it!

What is the name of the transition between

liquid and gas states?

A) Sublimation
B) Freezing
C) Evaporation
D) Condensation
 Apply it!

What is the name of the transition between solid

directly to gas states?

A) Sublimation
B) Freezing
C) Evaporation
D) Condensation