Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dynamics and Fluctuations of Tourists in Tu - 2016 - Agriculture and Agricultura
Dynamics and Fluctuations of Tourists in Tu - 2016 - Agriculture and Agricultura
com
ScienceDirect
Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 155 – 159
WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFH$JULFXOWXUHIRU/LIH/LIHIRU$JULFXOWXUH
'\QDPLFVDQG)OXFWXDWLRQVRI7RXULVWVLQ7XUGD6DOW0LQH±
D&DVH6WXG\
$GULDQD025($D5R[DQD9,',&$1D ,RDQ527$5D)ORULQ3Ă&85$5D
9ODG672,$1D$QDQLH+,5,&܇Ă8E
a
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,Calea MănăЮtur str. No. 3-5, Cluj-Napocca 400372, Romania
b
Turda Salina Durgau SA, Turda, Romania
$EVWUDFW
7RXULVP KDV EHFRPH DQ LPSRUWDQW VHFWRU ZLWK DQ LQFUHDVLQJ LPSDFW RQ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI DQ HFRQRP\ 7KH PDLQ EHQHILWV RI
WRXULVPDUHSURGXFLQJLQFRPHDQGJHQHUDWLQJMREV)RUPDQ\UHJLRQVDQGFRXQWULHVLVWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWVRXUFHRIZHDOWK7KH
DELOLW\ RI WKH QDWLRQDO HFRQRP\ WR EHQHILW IURP WRXULVP GHSHQGV RQ WKH DYDLODELOLW\ RI LQYHVWPHQW WR GHYHORS WKH QHFHVVDU\
LQIUDVWUXFWXUH DQG FDSDFLW\ WR PHHW WKH QHHGV RI WRXULVWV 5RPDQLD KDV D JUHDW SRWHQWLDO IRU WRXULVP GHYHORSPHQW LQ WKH HQWLUH
FRXQWU\ 7RXULVP DFWLYLWLHV FRQWULEXWH WR LQFRPH UHGLVWULEXWLRQ UHGXFLQJ WKH GHJUHH RI SRYHUW\ ,Q 5RPDQLD WKH SUHVHQFH RI
YDOXDEOHQDWXUDOUHVRXUFHVVXFKDVWKHUPDOPLQHUDORUVDOWZDWHUVVOXGJHIRUWUHDWPHQWSXUSRVHVVDOWPLQHVRUKHUEVIDYRUVSD
WRXULVPZKLFKFDQEULQJVLJQLILFDQWHFRQRPLFEHQHILWV7RKLJKOLJKWWKLVZHFRQGXFWHGDVWXG\LQ7XUGDDWWKHVDOWPLQH&OXM
&RXQW\DQGZDWFKHGWKHHYROXWLRQRIWKHQXPEHURIWRXULVWVRYHUWKHSDVWWZRGHFDGHV7KHFRPSDUDWLYHVWXG\VKRZVWKHQXPEHU
RIWRXULVWLFHQWULHVDQGWKHHQWULHVIRUWUHDWPHQW,WUHVXOWHGIURPWKHSUHVHQWVWXG\WKDWWKHQXPEHURIWRXULVWVKDVULVHQVWHDGLO\
DQGWKHH[SORVLRQRIYLVLWRUVERWKIRUWRXULVPDQGWUHDWPHQWWRRNSODFHLQZKHQLWZDVFRPSOHWHGWKHPRGHUQL]DWLRQRIWKH
PLQH
©7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU%9
2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI$JURQRPLF6FLHQFHVDQG9HWHULQDU\0HGLFLQH%XFKDUHVW
Peer-review under responsibility of the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
Keywords:VDOWPLQH7XUGDWRXULVPG\QDPLFV
&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HOID[
E-mail address:UR[DQDYLGLFDQ#XVDPYFOXMUR
2210-7843 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest
doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.046
156 Adriana Morea et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 155 – 159
,QWURGXFWLRQ
7RXULVPLVRQHRIWKHSULRULW\DUHDVIRU5RPDQLDDQGZKLFKWKURXJKLWVUHVRXUFHVDQGWKURXJKLQWHUFRQQHFWLRQV
ZLWK RWKHU EUDQFKHV RI WKH QDWLRQDO HFRQRP\ LV DQ LPSRUWDQW IDFWRU IRU HFRQRPLF SURJUHVV 7RXULVP LV WRWDOO\
GHSHQGHQWRQWKHHQYLURQPHQWZKLFKLVWKHDFWLYLW\DQGWRXULVPYHQXH7KHPRUHUHVRXUFHVDUHGLYHUVHWKHWRXULVP
YDOXH RI WKH DUHD LV JUHDWHU WKHUHE\ VDWLVI\LQJ D ZLGH YDULHW\ RI WRXULVWLF PRWLYDWLRQV 5RPDQLD KDV D YHU\ KLJK
FKDQFHRIGHYHORSLQJEHFDXVHLWKDVULFKDQGGLYHUVHQDWXUDODQGDQWKURSRJHQLFUHVRXUFHV
5HODWHGWRHFRQRP\WRXULVPLVDIDFWRURISURJUHVVZLWKEURDGDQGSRVLWLYHLPSDFWRQGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHHQWLUH
VRFLHW\ DFWLQJ LQ WKH GLUHFWLRQ RI LQWURGXFLQJ WKH HFRQRPLF F\FOH DQG DQWKURSRJHQLF QDWXUDO WRXULVP UHVRXUFHV
7RXULVP DFWV DV D VWLPXODWLQJ IDFWRU IRU WKH JOREDO HFRQRPLF V\VWHP %\ GHYHORSLQJ WRXULVP JHW DQ LQFUHDVH RI
SURGXFWLRQRU*'3FRQWULEXWLRQLVSURSRUWLRQDOWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWOHYHORIHDFKFRXQWU\ &ULVWXUHDQX
7RXULVPFRQWULEXWHVWRGLYHUVLI\LQJWKHHFRQRP\RIDFRXQWU\FDXVLQJWKHDSSHDUDQFHRIVSHFLILFDFWLYLWLHVVXFK
DVLQGXVWU\OHLVXUHFDEOHZD\VWUDYHODJHQFLHVSURGXFWLRQFUDIWVSULQWLQJQHZGLPHQVLRQVRIVRPHRIWKHH[LVWLQJ
DFWLYLWLHV VXFK DV DJULFXOWXUH IRRG LQGXVWU\ FRQVWUXFWLRQ WUDQVSRUW DQG FXOWXUDO VHUYLFHV 7KURXJK WRXULVP DUH
HIIHFWLYHO\UHFRYHUHGLWHPVDVEHDXW\RIWKHODQGVFDSHFXUDWLYHTXDOLWLHVRIPLQHUDORUWKHUPDOZDWHUVODNHVPXG
DQGWKHUDSHXWLFJDVHVPLQHVKHUEVPRQXPHQWVRIDUWKLVWRULFDOUHOLFVDQGWUDGLWLRQV :72
7RXULVPDQGVRFLDOOLIHLVPDQLIHVWHGE\WUDGLWLRQDOLQIOXHQFHRQWKHOLIHVW\OHRIWKHLQKDELWDQWVRIDQDUHDRQWKH
HQODUJHPHQWRIWKHLUKRUL]RQERWKVSLULWXDOO\DQGSURIHVVLRQDOO\+DUQHVVLQJWKHQDWXUDOKHULWDJHDQGFXOWXUDOWRXULVP
RIDWRXULVWDUHDKDVDQLPSDFWERWKSRVLWLYHDQGQHJDWLYH,QVRFLDOWHUPVSRVLWLYHLPSDFWLVPDQLIHVWHGE\LQFUHDVHG
FKDQFHVVRFLDODQGSURIHVVLRQDOE\FUHDWLQJQHZMREVGHFUHDVLQJGLVSDULWLHVEHWZHHQVRFLRSURIHVVLRQDOFDWHJRULHV
LQ WHUPV RI UHYHQXHV 7KHQHJDWLYH LPSDFW LV PDQLIHVWHGE\ GLVUXSWLQJDQG GHVWUR\LQJ JUDGXDO OLIHVW\OH FKDQJHV LQ
WUDGLWLRQDO VRFLDO VWUXFWXUHV DQG WKH DFFHSWDQFH E\ WKH ORFDO SRSXODWLRQ RI WKH QHJDWLYH LQIOXHQFHV VRFLDO SODQ
1LVWRUHDQX
0RVW WRXULVWV ZDQW WR YLVLW DWWUDFWLYH DUHDV FOHDQ DQG XQSROOXWHG HQYLURQPHQW TXDOLW\ LV WKHUHIRUH DQ HVVHQWLDO
FRQGLWLRQ WR EH PDLQWDLQHG DQG LPSURYHG OHDGLQJ WR VXVWDLQDEOH WRXULVP 6XVWDLQDEOH GHYHORSPHQW LQ WRXULVP
RFFXUUHG LQ HDUO\ DQG DLPV WR DYRLG WKH PHGLXP DQG ORQJ WHUP SURGXFWLRQ RI HFRQRPLF LPEDODQFHV RU
HFRORJLFDOEHFDXVHERWKUHVHUYHVDVZHOODVWKHSODQHW VQDWXUDOUHVRXUFHVDUHOLPLWHGDVLVWKHSRZHUWRDEVRUEDOOWKH
ZDVWHDQGZDVWHUHVXOWLQJ
5RPDQLD KDV DQ H[FHSWLRQDO SRWHQWLDO IRU VSD WKDW FRQFHQWUDWHV D YDULHW\ RI FXUH IDFWRUV $OXFXOHVHL DQG
1LVWRUHDQX6DQGXHWDO ,QWKHODVW\HDUVVSDH[SHULHQFHGDODUJHDFWLYLW\LQWHUPVRIRUJDQL]DWLRQDO
GHYHORSPHQW UHVHDUFK DQG PHGLFDO XVH DQG QDWXUDO EDVH ZDV PRGHUQL]HG H[SDQGHG DQG GLYHUVLILHG 5RPDQLD
FXUUHQWO\KDVDERXWVWDWHDQGORFDOVSDIRUFXUHIDFWRUV7KHLUH[LVWHQFHKDVERRVWHGWRXULVPDQGUHFRYHU\VSD
WUHDWPHQW RI ZLGH UDQJH RI GLVHDVHV 1DWXUDO FXUH IDFWRUV LQ VSD WRXULVP DUH WKHUPRPLQHUDO ZDWHUV DQG ODNHV
WKHUDSHXWLFPXGVWKHUDSHXWLFQDWXUDOJDVHPDQDWLRQVWKHUDSHXWLFVDOWPLQHVKHUEVDQGLRQL]DWLRQ$PRQJWKHVHDUH
WKHVDOWPLQHV5RPDQLDKDYLQJRQLWVWHUULWRU\VRPHRIWKHODUJHVWLQ(XURSH
0DWHULDOVDQG0HWKRGV
7RKLJKOLJKWWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIWRXULVPWRGHYHORSDVSHFLDOWRXULVP]RQHVDQGVSDVZHFRQGXFWHGDFDVHVWXG\LQ
7XUGD6DOWPLQHDQGZHZHUHLQWHUHVWHGLQWKHHYROXWLRQRIWKHQXPEHURIWRXULVWVRYHUWKHSDVWWZRGHFDGHV
7XUGD 6DOW 0LQH LV ORFDWHG RQ WKH RXWVNLUWV RI 7XUGD &OXM &RXQW\ DQG LV D PDMRU WRXULVW DWWUDFWLRQ DQG DQ
LPSRUWDQWFHQWHUIRUWUHDWPHQWDQGUHFRYHU\ KWWSVDOLQDWXUGDHX
7RGHVFULEHWKHG\QDPLFVRIWRXULVWVLQ6DOLQD7XUGDZHHYDOXDWHGWKHWRWDOQXPEHURIWRXULVWVZKRYLVLWHGWKLV
JRDOLQWKHSHULRG:HDQDO\]HGDVDFRPSDUDWLYHVWXG\WKH\HDUVZKRKDGWKHHOHYDWHG
YDOXHVRIWRXULVWV7KHUHZHUHDOVRDQDO\]HGDQGFRPSDUHGHQWUDQFHVIRUYLVLWLQJSXUSRVHDQGHQWUDQFHVIRUWUHDWPHQW
SXUSRVH,WZDVGRQHDFDVHVWXG\FRQVLVWHGRIVHDVRQDOG\QDPLFVRIWRXULVWVRQPRQWKVWRLGHQWLI\WKHSHULRGVZLWK
KLJKWRXULVPSRWHQWLDODQGWKRVHZLWKORZWRXULVPSRWHQWLDO
Adriana Morea et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 155 – 159 157
5HVXOWVDQG'LVFXVVLRQV
)RU WKH SDVW WZR GHFDGHV WKH WRXULVWLF SRWHQWLDO RI 7XUGD VDOW PLQH KDG VWHDG\ JURZWK HVSHFLDOO\ DIWHU
)LJXUH %\ FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WR PRGHUQL]DWLRQ RI WKH PLQH WKH SRWHQWLDO DQQXDO YLVLWRUV VWRRG DURXQG D
PD[LPXPRI\HDU
)RU WKH SHULRG WKH QXPEHU RI YLVLWRUV ZDV XS WR \HDU ZLWK VOLJKW LQFUHDVHV WR PRUH WKDQ
LQ%HWZHHQWKHQXPEHURIYLVLWRUVH[FHHGVIRUHFDVWLQJWRXULVWLFH[SORVLRQRIWKH
SRVWPRGHUQL]DWLRQSHULRG
)LJ'\QDPLFVRIWRXULVWVEHIRUHPRGHUQL]DWLRQRIVDOWPLQH
7KH\HDUFRUUHVSRQGVWRWKHFRPSOHWLRQRIWKHPRGHUQL]DWLRQDQGLQFUHDVHGWKHQXPEHURIYLVLWRUVWRQHDUO\
VRPHWKLQJZKLFKLVH[SODLQHGE\LQQRYDWLRQVRIYLVLWLQJEDVHDQGDGYHUWLVLQJVWUDWHJLHVXQGHUWDNHQE\WKH
PDQDJHUVRIVDOWPLQH )LJXUH
,QWKH\HDUVWKHUHLVYLVLEOHDVOLJKWGRZQZDUGWUHQGLQWKHQXPEHURIYLVLWRUV6LQFHWKHWUHQGLV
RYHUYLVLWRUV DQGH[FHHGVKDOIDPLOOLRQLQ
)URPWKHVH\HDUVRIVDOWPLQHYLVLWLQJSRWHQWLDOFDQEHVHSDUDWHGLQWRWZRVHJPHQWVIRUWRXULVPDQGIRUWUHDWPHQW
)LJ'\QDPLFVRIWRXULVWVDIWHUWKHPRGHUQL]DWLRQRIVDOWPLQH
158 Adriana Morea et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 155 – 159
&RPSDULVRQ RI WKH WZR \HDUV KLJKOLJKWV WKH LQFUHDVLQJ QXPEHU RI WRXULVWV HYHU\ PRQWK RYHU WKH SUHYLRXV \HDU
)LJXUH 7KHELJJHVWGLIIHUHQFHVDUHUHFRUGHGLQVSULQJVXPPHUZKLFKFRUUHVSRQGVWRDIDYRUDEOHFOLPDWHIRUERWK
VDOWPLQHYLVLWLQJDQGH[SORULQJWKHRXWVLGHDUHDZKHUHLWLVORFDWHG
&ROGPRQWKVIURP'HFHPEHUWR)HEUXDU\VKRZDUHGXFHGLQIOX[RIYLVLWRUVKRZHYHUGXULQJIDOOWKHQXPEHULV
VWHDGLO\RYHUPRQWK$XJXVWLVWKHSHDNRIYLVLWDWLRQSHULRGZLWKPRUHWKDQWRXULVWVLQERWK\HDUV
DQDO\]HG
7KHQXPEHURISHRSOHLQVDOLQHIRUPHGLFDOSXUSRVHVIRUWUHDWPHQWGRQRWFRPSO\WKHYLVLWRUVWUHQG )LJXUH
7KHPD[LPXPQXPEHURISHRSOHRQWUHDWPHQWGRHVQRWH[FHHG $XJXVW DQGZLWKDQXQHYHQGLVWULEXWLRQ
RYHUWKH\HDU7KHZLQWHUPRQWKVDUHFKDUDFWHUL]HGE\ORZYDOXHVEXWLQWKHQXPEHURISHRSOHRQWUHDWPHQWLQ
$XJXVWZDVEHORZFORVHWRWKHQXPEHUREVHUYHGGXULQJZLQWHU7KLVQXPEHULVFRPSOHWHGLQVWHDGLQWKHVDPH
\HDU E\ KLJK QXPEHU RI SHRSOH RQ WUHDWPHQW LQ -XO\ DQG 6HSWHPEHU )RU WUHDWPHQW DUH SUHIHUUHG DOVR WKH VSULQJ
$SULO DQGDXWXPQ 6HSWHPEHU1RYHPEHU PRQWKV
)LJ6HDVRQDOIOXFWXDWLRQRIWKHWRXULVWV±
)LJ6HDVRQDOIOXFWXDWLRQRISHRSOHVIRUWUHDWPHQW±
Adriana Morea et al. / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 155 – 159 159
7DEOH7KHG\QDPLFVRIWRWDOYLVLWRUVLQ7XUGD6DOW0LQH WRXULVWVWUHDWPHQW
-DQXDU\
)HEUXDU\
0DUFK
$SULO
0D\
-XQH
-XO\
$XJXVW
6HSWHPEHU
2FWREHU
1RYHPEHU
'HFHPEHU
7RWDO
&RQFOXVLRQV
,QWKHODVWWZHQW\\HDUVLWKDVVWHDGLO\LQFUHDVHGWKHQXPEHURIWRXULVWVIURP7XUGDVDOWPLQH
7KH PRGHUQL]DWLRQ ZRUNV KDYH FRQWULEXWHG WR WKH LQFUHDVLQJ QXPEHU RI YLVLWRUV ERWK IRU WRXULVP DQG IRU
WUHDWPHQW
,QFUHDVLQJQXPEHUVRIWRXULVWVIURP6DOLQD7XUGDGHWHUPLQHHFRQRPLFSURJUHVVLQWKHFLW\RI7XUGD
5HIHUHQFHV
$OXFXOHVHL $& 1LVWRUHDQX 3 ([KDXVWLYH $QDO\VLV RI WKH ZD\ LQ ZKLFK ZHUH SURPRWHG 5RPDQLDQ VSDVZDWHU WKHUPDO YLOODJHV DW WKH
1RYHPEHUHGLWLRQRIWKH5RPDQLDQ7RXULVP)DLU,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI(FRQRPLF3UDFWLFHVDQG7KHRULHV
&ULVWXUHDQX&(FRQRPLD܈LSROLWLFDWXULVPXOXLLQWHUQDWLRQDO(G$6(%XFXUHúWL
1LVWRUHDQX3(FRQRPLDWXULVPXOXLWHRULHúLSUDFWLFă(G$6(%XFXUHúWL
6DQGX,3RUXFLXF$$OH[LDQX0&XUFă5:HOOHU26DOWDQG+XPDQ+HDOWK6FLHQFH$UFKDHRORJ\$QFLHQW7H[WVDQG7UDGLWLRQDO
3UDFWLFHVRI(DVWHUQ5RPDQLD0DQNLQG4XDUWHUO\ :72±7RXULVP9LVLRQ
KWWSVDOLQDWXUGDHX