FiBL 2019 Crops 2017

Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL
info.suisse@fibl.org, www.fibl.org
Organic Agriculture Worldwide:

Key results from the FiBL survey on organic
agriculture worldwide 2019
Part 2: Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2017
Julia Lernoud and Helga Willer
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FIBL), Frick, Switzerland
© FiBL 2019
Organic Agriculture Worldwide: Key results from the FiBL
survey on organic agriculture worldwide 2019
Part 2: Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2017
• Data compiled by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick,
Switzerland, based on national data sources and data from certifiers.
• Data as published February 2019 in FiBL & IFOAM – Organics International
(2019): The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019.
Frick and Bonn
• For updates check www.organic-world.net
• This presentation is available online at: http://www.organic-
world.net/yearbook/yearbook2019/slide-presentations.html
• Texts and graphs: Helga Willer and Julia Lernoud, Research Institute of Organic
Agriculture, FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
• Contact: Helga Willer, helga.willer@fibl.org, and Julia Lernoud,
julia.lernoud@fibl.org, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, FiBL, Frick,
Switzerland
© Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland, February,
2019
www.fibl.org
2
Acknowledgements*
• The Swiss State Secretariat of
Economic Affairs SECO, Berne
• International Trade Centre ITC
• Sustainability Fund of Coop Switzerland
• Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the

BioFach World Organic Trade Fair
• IFOAM – Organics International
• 200 experts from all parts of the world contributed to the FiBL survey 2019
* See also disclaimer on last page of this slide show
www.fibl.org
The World of Organic Agriculture 2019
The 20th edition of “The World of Organic

Agriculture”, was published by FiBL and IFOAM in
February 2019.*
• Contents:
• Results of the survey on organic agriculture
worldwide.
• Numerous graphs, tables, maps and infographics.
• Organic agriculture in the regions and reports
from Australia, Canada, the Pacific Islands, and The
United States of America.
• Chapters on the global market, standards &
legislations, PGS, policy support, the European
market, etc.
• Commodity case studies:
• Chapter on organic cotton
• Overview of the state of other Voluntary
Sustainability Standards
• The book can be ordered via IFOAM.bio and
shop.FiBL.org.
*Willer, H, Lernoud, J, (2019) The World of Organic
Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019.
FiBL, Frick, and, IFOAM – Organics International,
Bonn
www.fibl.org
4
Website www.organic-world.net
• Detailed statistics
in excel format
• Graphs & Maps
• Data revisions
• News and
background
information
www.fibl.org
5
About this presentation
There are 3 presentations summarizing the key results of the FiBL

survey on organic agriculture worldwide 2019 (data 2017). Apart from
the global data, key results on crop and on regional data are presented.
More information is available at www.organic-world.net
The following three presentations are available at http://www.organic-

world.net/yearbook/yearbook2019/slide-presentations.html:
• Part 1: Global data 2017 and survey background
• Part 2: Land use and key crops in organic agriculture 2017
• Part 3: Organic agriculture in the regions 2017
www.fibl.org
6
The 20th Survey on organic agriculture world-wide
The 20th survey on organic agriculture worldwide was carried out by the Research
Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL in cooperation with partners from all around the
world. The results were published jointly by FiBL and IFOAM – Organics International.
The survey was carried out between July 2018 and February 2019.
Data were received from 181 countries.
Updated data on area and producers were available for 146 countries.
Data was provided by over 200 country experts (representatives from NGOs,
certification bodies, governments, researchers).
The following data was collected: area data (including land use and crop details);
producers, other operator types; domestic market values; export and import data; and
livestock data (animal heads and production in metric tons);
The results are published in the yearbook “The World of Organic Agriculture 2019” and
at www.organic-world.net.
www.fibl.org
7
World: Distribution of organic areas 2017
Distribution of all organic areas in • Agricultural land (69.8 million

2017 hectares in 2017)
Source: FiBL survey 2019 • Cropland
Other
• Arable land (cereals, vegetables
etc.)
1.3%
• Permanent crops (fruit, grapes,
olives …)
Wild • Cropland, no details (=arable land
collection and permanent crops with no
37% further details)
• Permanent grassland
• Other agricultural land
Agri- • Non-agricultural areas (42.4 million
cultural hectares in 2017)
land and • Wild collection/Bee keeping (41
crops million hectares)
59%
• Forest
• Aquaculture
• Grazing areas on non-agricultural land
www.fibl.org 8
World: Use of organic agricultural land 2017
(total: 69.8 million hectares)
Distribution of main land use types and crop categories

2017
Source: FiBL survey 2019; based on information from the private sector, certifiers, and
governments.
Other/No details
Arable land crops
7%
17%
Permanent crops
7%
Permanent
grassland
69%
www.fibl.org 9
ORGANIC LAND USE 2017
12.1 +7% 41.0

more 63%
69% Mio ha
Mio ha grassland
permanent grassland of wild
arable land
crops collection
Arable land constitutes 17% of 4.9 Mio ha, which is 2.9% of 48.2 Mio ha of grassland, and an The organic wild collection
the world’s organic agricultural the world’s permanent almost 27% increase compared areas are concentrated in
land, and 0.8% of the world’s cropland, and a 7% share of with 2016. Europe, Africa, Asia, and
arable crop land. It increased the organic agricultural land. Latin America.
by 11.7% over 2016.
North Latin
North Other
Latin Oceania America America
America
Africa America Latin
Asia America
North Europe Asia
America Europe
Europe
Europe
Africa
Asia Oceania
Africa
Latin
America
Cereals Coffee Australia 5 Finland 5
Green fodder Olives Argentina 4 Zambia 4
Oilseeds Nuts Uruguay 3 Tanzania 3
Dry pulses Coconut Spain 2 Romania 2
Vegetables Grapes 1 India 1

China
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 0 10 20 30 40 0 5 10 15
Million hectares Million hectares Million hectares Million hectares
Organic arable land by region 2017 Organic permanent crops by region 2017 Organic permanent grassland Organic wild collection by region 2017
Organic arable land: Key crops 2017 Organic permanent crops: Key crops 2017 by region 2017 Organic wild collection: The five
Organic permanet grassland: The five countries with the largest areas 2017
countries with the largest areas 2017
www.fibl.org
Source: FiBL survey 2019 www.organic-world.net – statistics.fibl.org
Main land use types in organic agriculture 2017
The chart of the share of land use types in the regions shows:
• For a large part of the organic agricultural land in both Latin America (21%) and Asia
(21%), land use information is not available
• Africa has a large proportion of permanent crops (61%); these are mainly cash crops
such as coffee, nuts, olives, and cocoa.
• Europe and North America use about half of their organic agricultural land as
grassland, and the other half is arable land. In Europe the share of permanent crops is
higher than in North America, mainly due to olives and grapes grown in the
Mediterranean countries.
• Latin America has little arable land and permanent crops land compared to the large
grazing areas (Uruguay and Argentina). It has a comparatively high share of
permanent crops (mainly coffee and cocoa).
• Oceania is characterized by the large grazing areas of Australia. The Pacific Islands
produce a large range of permanent crops, such as coconuts; New Zealand produces
a lot of grapes and temperate fruits.
www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 11

World: Agricultural land use by region in organic
agriculture 2017
Distribution of main land use types by region 2017

Source: FiBL survey 2019
100%
No details
Share of organic agricultural land
80%
Other agricultural land
Permanent grassland
60%
Permanent crops
Arable land crops
40%
20%
0%
Africa Asia Europe Latin Northern Oceania
America America
www.fibl.org 12
World: Development of land use types in organic
agriculture 2004-2017
Development of the organic land by land use type 2004-

2017
Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL-Surveys 1999-2019
70
60 Permanent grassland
Permanent crops
50
Arable land crops
Million hectares
40
30
20
10
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 13
World: Use of organic agricultural land 2017
(total: 69.8 million hectares)
Distribution of main land use types and

crop categories 2017
Source: FiBL survey 2019; based on information from the private sector,
certifiers, and governments.
Key arable crops
Land use types 2017 Cereals 4.5
Green fodders 2.8
Other/No Arable land Oilseeds 1.2
details crops
7% 17% Dry pulses 1.0
Vegetables 0.7
Permanent 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0

crops Million hectares
7% Key permanent crops
Coffee 0.9
Olives 0.9
Permanent Nuts 0.6
grassland
69% Coconut 0.4
Grapes 0.4
0.0 0.5 1.0
www.fibl.org Million hectares
14
World: Key crop groups in organic agriculture: 2016 and
2017 compared
Growth of selected crops between 2016-2017

Source: FiBL survey 2018-2019
Cereals
Oilseeds
Dry pulses
Coffee
Olives
2017
Vegetables 2016
Grapes
Cocoa
Tropical and subtropical fruit
Temperate fruit
Citrus fruit
0 1 2 3 4 5
Million hectares
www.fibl.org 15
World: Organic grassland/grazing areas 2017
• With a total of over 48 million hectares, the organic

grassland/grazing areas constitute over two thirds or 69 percent of
the organic agricultural land.
• The organic grassland/grazing areas account for
1.5 percent of the world’s total grassland/grazing areas.
• An increase of 10.2 million hectares or nearly 27 percent was
reported compared with 2016.
• More than two third of the organic grassland/grazing areas is
located in Oceania (over 70 percent of the organic
grassland/grazing area or nearly 35 million hectares), followed by
Europe (12 percent or 5.9 million hectares) and Latin America
(10.2 percent or 4.9 million hectares).

World: Organic permanent grassland/grazing areas by
region 2017 (total 48.2 million hectares)
Organic permanent grassland/grazing areas by region 2017

(total 38 million hectares)
North Asia
America 2%
Latin America 4%
10%
Europe
12%
Oceania
73%
www.fibl.org 17
World: Organic arable land 2017
• With a total of almost 12.1 million hectares, organic arable land

constitutes 17 percent of the world’s organic agricultural land and
0.8 of the world’s arable cropland.
• An increase of 11.7 percent over 2016 was reported, and there
was an increase in most crop categories. However, some
categories such as industrial crops and oilseeds reported a drop.
• Almost 60 percent of the arable land is located in Europe, followed
by Asia (22 percent), and North America (12 percent).
• Most of the arable cropland is used for cereals including rice (4.5
million hectares), green fodder (2.8 million hectares), and oilseeds
(1.2 million hectares).

World: Organic arable land by region 2017
(total 12.1 million hectares)
Distribution of organic arable cropland by region 2017

Latin America
4%
Africa
5%
North America
12%
Europe
57%
Asia
22%
www.fibl.org 19
World: Organic arable land worldwide by main crop
groups 2017 (total 12.1 million hectares)
Use of organic arable cropland by crop group 2017

Other
16%
Vegetables Cereals
6% 37%
Dry pulses
8%
Oilseeds
10%
Green fodder from
arable land
23%
www.fibl.org 20
World: Permanent cropland 2017
• Permanent crops account for nearly 4.9 million hectares, which is 2.9 percent
of the world’s permanent cropland.
• Compared with 2016, an increase of more than 305’000 hectares, or 7
percent, was reported.
• With 7 percent, permanent cropland has a higher share in organic agriculture
than in total agriculture, where it accounts for three percent of the
agricultural land.
• Most of the permanent cropland is in Europe (1.6 million hectares), followed
by Africa (1.3 million hectares), and Latin America (almost 1 million hectares).
• The most important crops are coffee, with nearly 0.9 million hectares and
olives (nearly 0.9 million hectares), each constituting almost 20 percent of the
organic permanent cropland, followed by nuts (0.6 million hectares), grapes
(0.4 million hectares), and tropical and subtropical fruits (almost 0.4 million
hectares).

World: Organic permanent cropland by region 2017
Distribution of organic permanent cropland by region 2017

Oceania North America

3% 1%
Asia
17%
Europe
33%
Latin America
20%
Africa
26%
www.fibl.org 22
World: Organic permanent cropland worldwide by crop
groups 2017
Use of permanent cropland by crop group 2017

Other Coffee
19% 18%
Fruit,
tropical/subtrop
8%
Olives
18%
Cocoa
8%
Grapes
8% Nuts
Coconut 13%
8%
www.fibl.org 23
World: Organic wild collection and beekeeping 2017
• A wild collection area (including beekeeping) of nearly 41 million

hectares was reported for 2017.
• The organic wild collection areas are concentrated in Europe,
Africa, Asia, and Latin America .
• The countries with the largest areas are Finland (mainly berries),
followed by Zambia and the United Republic of Tanzania
(beekeeping).
• According to experts, wild berries, apiculture, and medicinal and
aromatic plants, as well as shea nuts in Africa and Brazil nuts in
Latin America, play the most important roles. Unfortunately, for
most of the wild collection areas, no details are available.

World: Distribution of organic wild collection and
beekeeping areas by region 2017
Distribution of organic wild collection and beekeeping

areas by region 2017
North America
Latin America 0.2%
10%
Asia
11%
Europe
44%
Africa
35%
www.fibl.org 25
World: Organic wild collection & beekeeping:The ten
The ten countries with the largest wild collection and

beekeeping areas 2017
Finland 11.63
Zambia 5.97
Tanzania 2.42
Romania (2014) 1.79
India 1.78
Namibia 1.31
Mexico (2016) 1.29
South Africa 1.28
China 1.26
Brazil (2011) 1.21
0 5 10 15
Million hectares
www.fibl.org 26
World: Use of organic wild collection and beekeeping
land worldwide 2017
Use of organic wild collection and beekeeping land

worldwide 2017
Apiculture
20%
Medicinal and
aromatic plants,
wild
11%
Wild collection no
details/other Nuts, wild
61% 3%
Fruit, wild
3%
Oil plants, wild
1.8%
www.fibl.org 27
World: Organic beehives 2017
• There were over 3.2 million organic beehives in 2017, representing

almost 3.5 percent of the world’s beehives.
• Organic beehives are concentrated in Latin America (45 percent)
and Europe (30 percent).
• The country with the largest number of organic beehives is Brazil
(898’640), followed by Zambia (388’067), and Mexico (368’000).
• Their numbers have increased almost six-fold since 2007, when
over 535’000 beehives were reported. However, it is important to
note that some of the increases can be attributed to the
continually improving data availability.

World: Development of the organic beehives 2007-2017
Development of the organic beehives 2007-2017

3'500'000
3'000'000
3'154'269
2'500'000
Beehives
2'000'000
2'177'843
2'095'647
1'500'000
527'763
535'117
1'000'000
1'129'371
1'068'925
1'064'057
939'310
897'836
889'913
500'000
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 29
World: Distribution of organic beehives by region 2017
Distribution of organic beehives by region 2017

North
Asia America
9% 1%
Africa
16%
Latin America
45%
Europe
30%
www.fibl.org 30
World:The ten countries with the largest number of
organic beehives 2017
The ten countries with the largest number of organic

beehives 2017
Brazil 898'640
Zambia 388'067
Mexico 368'000
Bulgaria 250'434
China 233'415
Italy 171'094
Ethiopia 113'754
France 112'292
Romania 86'195
Spain 73'878
0 200'000 400'000 600'000 800'000 1'000'000

Beehives
www.fibl.org 31
World: Organic aquaculture 2017
• A production volume of nearly 620’000 metric tons of organic aquaculture was

reported in 2017.
• According to the available data, aquaculture production is concentrated in Asia (86
percent, mainly China) and Europe (14 percent).
• The largest production volume was found in China (526’500 metric tons),
followed by Ireland (almost 41’000 metric tons, mainly blue mussel, salmon and
oysters), and Norway (nearly 14’000 metric tons, primarily salmon).
• The aquaculture production volume has increased by 49 percent compared to
2016, mainly to an increase in production in China and Viet Nam.
• A breakdown by species was only available for 13 percent of the total production.
According to the available data, organic salmon is the most produced species
(over 36’000 metric tons), followed by mussels (19’400 metric tons), aquatic plants
(9’000 metric tons), shrimps (almost 6’000 metric tons), and carp (over 5’600
metric tons).

World: Organic aquaculture production volume:
Distribution by continent and top 10 countries 2017
Distribution of organic aquaculture The ten countries with the

production volume by region 2017 largest aquaculture production
Source: FiBL survey 2019 volume 2017
Latin
America China 526'500
Europe 0%
14% Ireland 40'873
Norway 13'611
Romania 10'756
Italy 5'492
Spain 3'999
Viet Nam 3'290
Hungary 3'238
Costa Rica 2'512
Bulgaria 2'000
Asia
86% 0 200'000 400'000 600'000
Metric tons
www.fibl.org 33
World: Organic aquaculture production volume:
Distribution by species and key species 2017
Distribution of organic aquaculture Key organic aquaculture species

production volume by species 2017 by production volume 2017
Source: FiBL survey 2019 Source: FiBL survey 2019
Aquatic
plants
Salmon Mussels 2% Shrimps
6% 3% 1% Salmon 36'146
Carps
0.9% Mussels 19'407
Aquatic
9'016
plants
Sturgeon
0.3% Shrimps 5'881
Carps 5'670
Sturgeon 1'745
Other/No
details Trout 1'720
87%
0 20'000 40'000
Metric tons
www.fibl.org 34
World: Organic cereals 2017
• At least 4.5 million hectares of cereals were under organic management in 2017. Comparing the organic
figure with FAO’s figure for the world’s harvested cereal area of 718 million hectares in 2016 (FAOSTAT),
0.6 percent of the total cereal area is under organic management.
• Cereals include wheat, spelt, barley, oats, grain maize, rice, rye, Andean grains, and triticale.
• The key cereal producers worldwide, according to FAO, are India (98.5 million hectares), China (96.3
million hectares), the United States (58.5 million hectares), and the Russian Federation (44.4 million
hectares).
• Of these four countries, information on the organic cereal area was available for all except India, and for
the Russian Federation data is not complete, so it can be assumed that the cereal area is larger than what
is shown here. China (over 900’000 hectares), Italy (more than 300’000 hectares), and the United States
(over 281’000 hectares) are the largest organic cereal producers. In China, 0.9 percent of the total cereal
area was organic, and in Italy, the organic cereal area represented 9.4 percent of the total cereal area, one
of the highest organic shares.
• Some countries reach organic shares that are far higher than the global organic cereal share of 0.6
percent. For example, Austria (14.6 percent), Sweden (11.4 percent), Estonia (11.1 percent), Italy, and
Switzerland (7.6 percent each) greatly exceed the global share.
• The organic cereal area has more than trebled since 2004 (1.3 million hectares), and in 2017, it increased
by nearly 280’000 hectares or 6 percent.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that almost 20 percent of the organic cereal area
was in conversion in 2017 (over 835’000 hectares). Thus, there could be a considerable increase in the
supply of organic cereals in the near future.

World: Organic cereals: Growth of the organically
managed land 2004-2017
Cereals: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017

5'000'000
4'500'000
4'464'347
4'000'000
4'187'874
3'950'425
3'500'000
3'501'215
3'352'728
3'000'000
Hectares
2'854'503
2'500'000
2'694'151
2'455'528
2'430'300
2'000'000
2'212'338
1'876'617
1'500'000
1'770'736
1'582'395
1'325'386
1'000'000
500'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 36
World: Organic cereals:The ten countries with the
largest areas 2017
Cereals:The ten countries with the largest organic areas

2017
China 905.0
Italy 305.9
United States 281.2
Germany 270.0
Canada 264.5
France 236.3
Spain 206.1
Turkey 202.0
Russian… 156.6
Ukraine 133.4
0 200 400 600 800 1'000

Thousand hectares
www.fibl.org 37
World: Organic cereals:The ten countries/areas with
the highest organic shares 2017
Cereals:The ten countries/regions with the highest organic

shares 2017
Austria 14.6%
Sweden 11.4%
Estonia 11.1%
Italy 9.4%
Switzerland 7.6%
Lithuania 7.3%
Montenegro 7.3%
Latvia 7.2%
Bolivia 6.9%
Finland 5.8%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 38
World: Organic cereal land worldwide by cereal types
2017
Cereals: Distribution of global organic area by cereal type

2017
Source: FiBL survey 2019 Other/
No details
6%
Andean
grains Wheat
3% 32%
Rye
4%
Barley
9%
Rice
12% Maize, grain
Oats 14%
12%
www.fibl.org 39
World: Organic citrus fruit 2017
• Almost 88’000 hectares of citrus fruits were grown organically worldwide in 2017. This
constitutes 0.9 percent of the world’s total citrus area of 9.4 million hectares in 2016
(FAOSTAT).
• As no crop details for the organic area were available for some of the world’s leading citrus
producers India (0.9 million hectares) and Brazil (0.8 million hectares according to
FAOSTAT), it can be assumed that the global figure for the organic citrus area is higher.
• In organic agriculture, the largest producer is Italy with nearly 40’000 hectares, constituting
27 percent of Italy’s harvested citrus fruit area, followed by Mexico (almost 13’000 hectares,
2.2 percent), Spain (over 12’000 hectares, 3.3 percent), and the United States (almost 5’000
hectares, 1.6 percent). Since 2004, when 28’500 hectares of organic citrus were grown, the
area trebled. In 2017, the organic citrus area dropped by 3.2 percent compared with 2016.
• Italy has the highest organic share of the total citrus fruit area. It is followed by Ghana (15.2
percent) and France (8.7 percent).
• The area of organic citrus fruits includes oranges (48 percent of the organic citrus fruit),
lemons and limes (21 percent), grapefruit and pomelos (5 percent), and tangerines (3
percent); for 23 percent of the organic citrus area, no crop detail was available.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that at least 27 percent of the organic
citrus area was in conversion in 2017 (more than 23’000 hectares).

World: Organic citrus fruit: Growth of the organically
Citrus fruit: Development of the global organic area 2004-

2017
100'000
90'000
90'694
87'810
80'000
81'235
70'000
Hectares
71'617
70'792
60'000
56'504
50'000
55'921
49'816
48'108
47'267
40'000
43'399
15'749
30'000
35'784
28'549
20'000
10'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 41
World: Organic citrus area:The ten countries with the
largest areas 2017
Citrus fruit:The ten countries with the largest organic

areas 2017
Italy 39'656
Mexico 12'570
Spain 12'088
United States… 4'919
China 4'100
Ghana 3'803
Greece 1'811
Morocco 1'248
Egypt 1'190
Argentina 1'011
0 10'000 20'000 30'000 40'000 50'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 42
World: Organic citrus:The ten countries/areas with the
highest organic shares 2017
Citrus fruit:The ten countries/regions with the highest

organic shares 2017
Italy 27.0%
Ghana 15.2%
France 8.7%
Paraguay 7.6%
Spain 3.3%
Greece 3.3%
Cyprus 3.2%
Mexico 2.2%
Ecuador 1.7%
Dominican Republic 1.6%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 43
World: Organic citrus fruit: Use of the citrus fruit area
2017
Citrus fruit: Distribution of the organic area by citrus

type 2017
Other/no details Oranges

23% 48%
Tangerine
3%
Pomelos and
grapefruit
5%
Lemons and acid

limes
21%
www.fibl.org 44
World: Organic cocoa 2017
• Over 384’000 hectares of cocoa were under organic management in 2017. This constitutes
3.8 percent of the world’s harvested cocoa bean area of 10.2 million hectares 2016.
• The world’s leading producers are Côte d’Ivoire (2.8 million hectares), Indonesia (1.7 million
hectares), Ghana (1.7 million hectares), and Nigeria (0.8 million hectares).
• The largest organic cocoa areas are found in the Dominican Republic (159’178 hectares), the
Democratic Republic of Congo (51’905 hectares), and Sierra Leone (43’307 hectares). More
than 60 percent of the world’s organic cocoa area is in Latin America, and nearly 40 percent
is in Africa.
• Some countries have when compared with the FAO data on harvested area, very high
organic shares. This can probably be attributed to the fact that FAO data might be
incomplete.
• The organic cocoa area has grown over eight-fold since 2004. However, part of the increase
can be attributed to the continually improving data availability.
• In 2017, over 39’000 hectares more were reported, an increase of 11.4 percent compared to
2016. The available data on the conversion status indicates that four percent of the organic
cocoa area was in conversion in 2017 (over 16’000 hectares). Thus, a slight increase in the
supply of organic cocoa may be expected in the near future.
www.fibl.org FiBL survey 2019 45

World: Organic cocoa: Growth of the organically
Cocoa beans: Development of the global organic area 2004-

2017
450'000
400'000
384'118
350'000
344'666
300'000
317'706
Hectares
250'000
249'194
233'517
200'000
225'802
222'597
213'826
201'800
150'000
169'103
71'876
150'366
46'345
100'000
88'458
50'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 46
World: Organic cocoa area:The ten leading countries
2017
Cocoa beans area: The ten countries with the largest areas
2017
Dominican Republic 159'178

Congo, D.R. 51'905
Sierra Leone 43'307
Peru 25'587
Uganda 19'092
Ecuador 15'217
Tanzania 14'948
Panama 14'021
Sao Tome and Principe 6'215
Ghana 5'878
0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 47
World: Organic cocoa:The ten countries/areas with the
Cocoa beans:The ten countries/regions with the highest

organic shares 2017

Bolivia 44.6%
Vanuatu 44.1%
Costa Rica 40.3%
Belize 40.1%
Honduras 39.9%
Nicaragua 39.4%
Uganda 32.7%
Madagascar 25.9%
Sao Tome and Principe 24.1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 48
World: Organic cocoa area: Distribution by region 2017
Cocoa beans: Distribution of the organic area by region

2017
Latin America
61%
Africa
39%
www.fibl.org 49
World: Organic coffee 2017
• More than 890’000 hectares of coffee were grown organically in 2017. This
constituted 8.1 percent of the world’s harvested coffee area of almost 11 million
hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT.
• The world’s leading producers are Brazil (2 million hectares), Indonesia (1.2
million hectares), Côte d’Ivoire (1 million hectares), Colombia (0.9 million
hectares), and Ethiopia (0.7 million hectares). Data on organic production was
available for all of these countries with the exception of Brazil and Côte d’Ivoire.
Slightly more than 45 percent of the world’s organic coffee area is in Latin
America, and 42 percent is in Africa.
• In organic farming, the largest areas were in Mexico (231’000 hectares), Ethiopia
(161’000 hectares), and Peru (110’000 hectares). Timor-Leste had the highest
organic share, with over 58 percent organic coffee, followed by Bolivia (48
percent), the United Republic of Tanzania (37 percent), and Mexico (almost 36
percent).
• The organic coffee area has increased five-fold since 2004. Compared with 2016,
the organic coffee area reported a drop of by 4.6 percent or almost 43’000
hectares in 2017.

World: Organic coffee: Growth of the organically
Coffee: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017

1'000'000
900'000
933'950
903'878
890'943
800'000
761'178
700'000
705'964
670'092
600'000
Hectares
627'333
626'547
500'000
546'541
545'902
481'580
400'000
176'139
300'000
339'464
311'469
200'000
100'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 51
World: Organic coffee area:The ten countries with the
largest areas 2017
Coffee:The ten countries with the largest organic area 2017

Mexico 231.0
Ethiopia 161.1
Peru 110.1
Tanzania 81.7
Uganda 65.6
Sierra Leone 50.2
Indonesia 46.6
Timor-Leste 31.0
Honduras 23.5
Nicaragua 12.3
0 50 100 150 200 250

Thousand hectares
www.fibl.org 52
World: Organic coffee:The ten countries/areas with the
Coffee:The ten countries/regions with the highest organic

shares 2017
Timor-Leste 58.3%
Bolivia 48.0%
Sao Tome and Principe 38.4%
Tanzania 36.9%
Mexico 35.8%
Nepal 30.7%
Peru 28.7%
Ethiopia 23.0%
Papua New Guinea 21.0%
Uganda 17.1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 53
World: Organic coffee: Distribution by region 2017
Coffee: Distribution of the organic area by region 2017

Oceania
Asia
2%
9%
Latin America
47%
Africa
42%
www.fibl.org 54
World: Organic dry pulses 2017
• The total area under organic dry pulses is almost 952’000 hectares, which is 1.2 percent of the
total area of dry pulses grown in the world (almost 82.4 million hectares in 2016, according to
FAOSTAT).
• No current data on the organic area was available from the three most important dry pulse-
growing countries in the world: India, Niger, and Myanmar. India (26 million hectares) was by far the
largest grower, representing over 32 percent of the global area used to grow dry pulses.
• The countries with the largest organic dry pulses areas are China (330’000 hectares), France (over
97’000 hectares), Canada (more than 61’000 hectares), the United Republic of Tanzania (almost
51’000 hectares), Italy (almost 50’000 hectares), and Poland (over 43’000 hectares). Overall, organic
shares can be high as dry pulses play an important role in organic farming, particularly in Europe.
• The dry pulses area has increased twelve-fold from 79’000 to almost 952’000 hectares since 2004.
However, some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving availability of crop
data.
• In 2017, the dry pulses area grew by more than 408’000 hectares, or by almost 75 percent
compared to 2016, mainly due to China that reported a large increase of its organic dry pulses
area. A breakdown by crop is not available for many countries; for instance, Eurostat the statistical
office of the European Union publishes only one figure for “dry pulses,” without breaking that
figure down by crop.
• The data available for a breakdown of the total fully converted and in conversion area shows that
nearly 20 percent is in conversion, and will be fully converted in the next few years. This has
implications for the availability of organic dry pulses in the near future.

World: Organic dry pulses: Growth of the organically
Dry pulses: Development 2004-2017

1'000'000
900'000
951'967
800'000
700'000
600'000
Hectares
500'000
543'630
400'000
440'917
206'229
180'536
161'302
150'580
364'283
300'000
118'022
324'452
319'459
298'676
79'041
275'563
200'000
100'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 56
World: Organic dry pulses area:The ten leading
countries 2017
Dry pulses area:The ten countries with the largest area

2017
China 330'000
France 97'405
Canada 61'088
Tanzania 50'853
Italy 49'730
Poland 43'373
Germany 40'000
Kazakhstan 32'726
Spain 30'484
Russian… 26'447
0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000 250'000 300'000 350'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 57
World: Organic dry pulses:The ten countries/areas with
Dry pulses:The ten countries/regions with the highest

organic shares 2017
Greece 64.3%
Austria 57.0%
Denmark 51.4%
Italy 49.9%
France 30.1%
Switzerland 29.7%
Portugal 29.2%
Sweden 27.1%
Germany 25.3%
Belgium 23.9%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 58
World: Organic temperate fruit 2017
• The total area under organic temperate fruit production recorded here (over 204’000
hectares), is 1.6 percent of the total area of temperate fruit grown in the world (12.6 million
hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT).
• Of the seven most important temperate fruit growing countries in the world (China, Turkey,
Iran, India, Russia, the United States, and Uzbekistan), five countries (China, Turkey, Iran,
Russia, and the United States) provided data on the area of organic temperate fruits in
2017. It can, therefore, be assumed that the organic temperate fruit area is higher.
• The countries with the largest organic temperate fruit areas are Turkey (over 26’000
hectares), Italy (nearly 25’000 hectares), China (22’400 hectares), Pakistan (more than 18’000
hectares), France (16’700 hectares), and the United States (almost 12’000 hectares).
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops were collected for the first time, the
temperate fruit area has more than doubled. However, some of the increase can be
attributed to the continually improving crop data availability. In 2017, a drop of over 47’000
hectares occurred, this was mainly due to a decrease in China and Poland.
• The key temperate fruits are apples, with 40 percent of the temperate fruit area, followed by
pears, cherries, plums, and apricots.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that nearly 30 percent of the total
temperate fruit area is in conversion. Thus, a considerable increase in the supply of organic
temperate fruit in the near future.

World: Organic temerpate fruit: Growth of the
organically managed land 2004-2017
Temperate Fruit: Development of the global organic area

2004-2017
300'000
250'000
263'014
251'387
200'000
212'087
204'382
Hectares
186'494
150'000
164'551
154'041
62'407
124'090
119'934
100'000
101'689
101'560
97'246
95'425
50'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 60
World: Organic temperate fruit:The ten countries with
the largest areas 2017
Temperate fruit:The ten countries with the largest areas

2017
Turkey 26'073
Italy 24'825
China 22'400
Pakistan 18'359
France 16'707
United States… 11'670
Poland 10'574
Argentina 8'602
Germany 7'514
Bulgaria 6'692
0 5'000 10'000 15'000 20'000 25'000 30'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 61
World: Organic temperate fruits:The ten
countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
Temperate fruits:The ten countries/regions with the

Latvia 43.3%
Montenegro 32.2%
Czech Republic 32.0%
Bulgaria 24.5%
Austria 23.5%
Luxembourg 18.5%
Denmark 17.5%
Germany 16.8%
France 16.5%
Slovakia 14.9%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 62
World: Organic temperate fruit land worldwide by key
fruit types 2017
Temperate fruit: Use of organic temperate fruit area 2017

Other/No details
21%
Apples
Peaches/ 40%
nectarines
4%
Apricots
7%
Plums
8% Pears
Cherries
8% 10%
www.fibl.org 63
World:Tropical and subtropical fruits 2017
• The total area under organic tropical and subtropical fruit production recorded here (nearly 380’000
hectares) is 1.5 percent of the total area of tropical and subtropical fruit grown in the world (24.8 million
hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT data).
• Of the five most important tropical and subtropical fruit growing countries in the world (India, China,
Philippines, Brazil, and Thailand, all with more than one million hectares), only the Philippines and Thailand
provided data on the area used for growing organic tropical and subtropical fruit in 2017.
• The largest organic growers for which data on the organic area was available were Mexico (almost
131’000 hectares), the Dominican Republic (almost 26’000 hectares), Turkey (over 24’000 hectares), and
Kenya (more than 19’000 hectares). Some of these countries also report very high organic shares of
tropical and subtropical fruit, more than the ten percent of their countries’ total area for these crops: In
the case of the Dominican Republic, bananas; and in the case of Mexico, mangos and avocados.
• The largest organic shares of tropical and subtropical fruit area are in Burkina Faso (66.6 percent), Fiji
(52.2 percent), Turkey (37.5 percent), and Slovenia (26.9 percent). By area, the key tropical and subtropical
fruits are bananas, avocados, figs, and mangos .
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops was collected for the first time, the tropical fruit area has
increased more than nine-fold. Some of the increase can be attributed to the continually improving data
availability. In 2017, an increase of 6.6 percent compared to 2016 was reported; after the drop reported in
2016.
• The available data on the conversion status indicates that nearly 12 percent of the total tropical and
subtropical fruit area is in conversion. This suggests that a slight increase in supply in the near future may
be expected.

World: Organic tropical and subtropical: Growth of the
organically managed land 2004-2017
Tropical and subtropical fruit: Development 2004-2017

450'000
400'000
381'603
379'699
350'000
356'276
300'000
Hectares
250'000
200'000
226'283
220'634
214'612
206'913
150'000
171'304
165'879
64'959
55'883
138'512
40'500
100'000
94'680
50'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 65
World: Organic tropical and subtropical fruit:The ten
Tropical and subtropical fruit:The ten countries with the

largest areas 2017
Mexico 130'563
Dominican Republic 25'835
Turkey 24'127
Kenya 19'238
Sri Lanka 18'612
Madagascar 17'128
Ecuador 15'813
Philippines 15'527
Saudi Arabia 12'502
Burkina Faso 10'213
0 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000 100'000 120'000 140'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 66
World: Organic tropical and subtropical fruits:The ten
countries/areas with the highest organic shares 2017
Tropical and subtropical fruits:The ten countries/regions

with the highest organic shares 2017
Burkina Faso 66.6%

Fiji 52.2%
Turkey 37.5%
Slovenia 26.9%
Mexico 23.6%
Italy 22.6%
Sierra Leone 21.4%
Togo 20.5%
Sri Lanka 19.5%
Canada 16.7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 67
World: Organic tropical and subtropical fruit land
worldwide by main crop groups 2017
Tropical and subtropical fruit: Distribution of global

organic area by crop 2017
Bananas
23%
Other/No details
37%
Avocados
17%
Guava
3%
Dates Figs
Mangos 8%
4%
8%
www.fibl.org 68
World: Organic grape area 2017
• More than 403’000 hectares of organic grapes are grown, constituting 5.7 percent of the
world’s grape-growing area (7.1 million hectares in 2016, according to FAOSTAT). In Europe,
over 340’000 hectares (8.7 percent of the harvested grape area) are organic.
• Not all of the grape area listed in the table is used for wine. The production of table grapes
and raisins is important in many countries, such as Turkey. All of the five most important
grape-growing countries in the world (Spain, China, France, Italy, and Turkey) provided data
on the area under organic grape production in 2017.
• The countries with the largest organic grape areas are Spain and Italy, each with more than
100’000 hectares of organic grapes, followed by France with over 78’000 hectares. Some of
the highest organic shares of the total grape area are also found in these countries. Almost
90 percent of the world’s organic grape area is in Europe. The rest is distributed almost
equally among Asia, North America, and Latin America.
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops were collected for the first time, the organic
grape area has increased more than four-fold. However, some of the increase can be
attributed to the continually improving availability of crop data.
• The available data indicates that a large part of the organic grape area (at least 27 percent) is
in conversion. Thus, a considerable increase in the supply of organic grapes may be expected,
particularly from Spain, Italy, and France.

World: Organic grapes: Growth of the global organic
area 2004-2017
Grapes: Development 2004-2017

450'000
400'000
403'047
385'337
350'000
337'004
300'000
316'377
315'963
288'028
Hectares
250'000
268'509
200'000
217'953
190'451
150'000
150'756
100'000
122'420
113'970
101'265
87'655
50'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 70
World: Organic grapes:The ten countries with the
largest organic areas 2017
Grapes:The ten countries with the largest organic areas

2017
Spain 106'897
Italy 105'384
France 78'502
China 24'500
Turkey 15'921
United States 11'071
Germany 7'300
Australia 5'783
Austria 5'663
Argentina 5'372
0 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000 100'000 120'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 71
World: Organic grapes:The ten countries/areas with
Grapes:The ten countries/regions with the highest organic

shares 2017
United Kingdom 22.5%

Belgium 19.6%
Italy 15.8%
Austria 12.2%
Spain 11.6%
Bulgaria 11.2%
France 10.4%
European Union 10.3%
Europe 8.7%
World 5.7%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 72
World: Organic grapes: Distribution of the organic area
by region 2017
Grapes: Distribution of the organic grape area by region

2017
Source: FiBL survey 2019 Latin
America
Northern 2% Other
America 3%
4%
Asia
7%
Europe
84%
www.fibl.org 73
Spain: Development of the organic grape area
2000-2017 (including in-conversion areas)
Spain: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017

(including in-conversion areas)
Source: MARA 1999-2019
120'000
100'000
106'897
106'720
96'591
80'000
84'381
83'932
81'262
79'016
Hectares
60'000
57'231
53'959
40'000
17'189
16'832
16'453
16'038
15'991
14'928
11'841
10'804
30'856
20'000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
www.fibl.org 74
Italy: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017
Italy: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017

Source: SINAB 2000-2019
120'000
100'000
105'384
103'545
80'000
83'643
Hectares
72'361
67'937
60'000
57'347
52'812
52'273
40'000
44'175
43'614
40'480
37'693
37'379
36'684
33'885
31'709
31'249
31'170
20'000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
www.fibl.org 75
France: Development of the organic grape area 2000-
2017 (including in-conversion areas)
France: Development of the organic grape area 2000-2017

Source: Agence Bio 2000-2019
90'000
80'000
78'502
70'000
70'732
68'579
66'211
60'000
64'801
64'610
61'055
Hectares
50'000
50'268
40'000
39'146
16'428
16'259
30'000
15'013
13'426
12'364
28'190
20'000
22'509
18'133
18'808
10'000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
www.fibl.org 76
World: Organic oilseeds 2017
• Almost 1.2 million hectares were used for growing organic oilseeds in 2017. This is 0.5
percent of the world’s total harvested oilseed area (almost 230 million hectares according
to FAOSTAT).
• The main countries in which oilseeds are grown are the United States, Brazil, India,
Argentina, and China (each with more than 20 million hectares). Data on organic production
was available for all of these countries but Brazil. The countries with the largest organic
oilseed area are China, India, the Russian Federation, Sudan, Romania, and the United States.
• The highest organic shares are in Peru (23.3 percent, mainly sesame) and Austria (18.7
percent, mostly soybeans).
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops was collected for the first time, the oilseed
area (2004: almost 144’000 hectares) has increased more than eight-fold. However, some of
the increase can be attributed to the continually improving availability of crop data. In 2017,
the organic oilseed area reported a drop of nearly 13 percent (over 172’500 hectares).
• Over third of the organic oilseed area is for soybeans, and another twenty percent is for
sunflower seeds and sesame.
• The data available for a breakdown of the total fully converted and in conversion area shows
that at least 17 percent is in conversion and will be fully converted in the next few years.
This has implications for the availability of organic oilseeds in the near future.

World: Organic oilseeds: Growth of the organically
Oilseeds: Development of the global organic area 2004-

2017
1'600'000
1'400'000
1'369'745
1'200'000
1'235'234
1'197'203
1'000'000
Hectares
952'671
800'000
866'752
744'708
742'114
340'887
600'000
680'952
252'745
237'955
154'859
143'956
400'000
446'056
200'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 78
World: Organic oilseed area:The ten leading countries
2017
Oilseed area: The ten leading countries 2017

China 167'000
India 130'000
Russian… 114'575
Sudan 86'000
Romania 70'090
France 59'172
Canada 56'875
Ukraine 52'020
Uganda 44'587
0 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000 100'000 120'000 140'000 160'000 180'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 79
World: Organic oilseeds:The ten countries/areas with
Oilseeds:The ten countries/regions with the highest

organic shares 2017
Peru 23.3%
Austria 18.7%
Sweden 8.9%
Estonia 7.2%
Greece 5.9%
Croatia 5.7%
Lithuania 5.2%
Italy 5.2%
Namibia 5.1%
Slovenia 5.1%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 80
World: Organic oilseed area worldwide by main crop
groups 2017
Oilseeds: Use of organic oilseed area by crop 2017

Other/No details
22%
Soybeans
36%
Linseed (oil flax)

5%
Peanuts
7%
Rape and turnip

rape Sunflower seed
8% Sesame 13%
9%
www.fibl.org 81
World: Organic olives 2017
• Almost 883’000 hectares of olives were reported to be under organic production in 2017.
This represents 8.3 percent of the world’s total harvested olive area (10.7 million hectares
according to FAOSTAT).
• The main countries in which olives are grown are around the Mediterranean. Spain is by far
the largest grower with 2.6 million hectares, followed by Tunisia (1.6 million hectares) and
Italy (1.2 million hectares). Greece and Morocco are also important producers. For all these
countries, data for the organic area was available.
• Tunisia has the largest area of organic olives (more than 254’000 hectares), followed by Italy
(almost 236’000 hectares), and Spain (more than 195’000 hectares).
• Almost 70 percent of the world’s organic olive area is in Europe, followed by northern Africa
with nearly 30 percent of the world’s organic olive area. In Italy, the percentage of area
under organic production is relatively high (over 20 percent).
• In Tunisia, 15.5 percent of the olive area is organic, and in Spain almost 8 percent. France has
the highest organic share with 27.3 percent of the olive area being organic.
• Since 2004, when data on land use and crops were collected for the first time, the olive area
almost trebled. The available data indicates that a large part of the total olive area, 18
percent, is in conversion. Thus, an increase in the supply of organic olives may be expected.

World: Organic olives: Growth of the organically
Olives: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017

1'000'000
900'000
882'899
800'000
700'000
747'640
672'036
600'000
627'008
Hectares
612'267
575'566
500'000
538'122
495'480
491'400
400'000
432'116
401'524
380'575
300'000
345'657
314'809
200'000
100'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 83
World: Organic olive area:The ten leading countries
2017
Olives:The ten countries with the largest organic area

2017
Tunisia 254.4
Italy 235.7
Spain 195.1
Turkey 81.6
Greece 50.1
Portugal 21.6
Mexico 20.0
Palestine, State of 5.0
Argentina 4.9
France 4.7
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Thousand hectares
www.fibl.org 84
World: Organic olives:The ten countries/areas with the
Olives:The ten countries/regions with the highest organic

shares 2017
Malta 32.5%
France 27.3%
Slovenia 20.7%
Italy 20.2%
Tunisia 15.5%
Cyprus 14.6%
Turkey 9.6%
Croatia 9.6%
Argentina 7.9%
Spain 7.6%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Organic share in %
www.fibl.org 85
World: Organic olives: Distribution of the organic area
by region 2017
Olives: Distribution of the organic area by continent

2017
Other
4%
Africa
29%
Europe
67%
www.fibl.org 86
World: Organic vegetables 2017
• The total area under organic vegetable production in 2017 (nearly 676’000 hectares) was 1.1
percent of the total area of vegetables grown in the world (62 million hectares in 2016, according
to FAOSTAT).
• Of the four most important vegetable-growing countries in the world (China, India, Nigeria, and
Viet Nam), data on the organic area was only available for China, Nigeria, and Viet Nam. The
countries with the largest organic vegetable areas are China, Mexico, the United States, Italy, Egypt,
and France.
• The highest organic shares of the total vegetable areas are in Denmark, Austria, Switzerland, and
Mexico. These are also the countries in Europe that, with the exception of Mexico, have the largest
organic market shares for organic food. Furthermore, Sweden and Italy reported high organic
shares of the total vegetable area.
• Since 2004, when data on organic land use and crops was collected for the first time, the vegetable
area increased by over six-fold, from 105’000 hectares to the current 676’000 hectares. The major
increase in 2017 is mainly due to a substantial increase of the vegetable area in China, Italy, and
Spain.
• A large part (nearly 120’000 hectares) is for fruit vegetables, followed by leafy and stalked
vegetables (salads). For most countries, however, no crop details for the vegetable area are
available.
• The available data on the breakdown of the fully converted and in conversion area at least 54’000
hectares of a large part of the organic vegetable area is under conversion. Thus, it can be concluded
that not a big increase of the organic vegetable supply can be expected.

World: Organic vegetables: Growth of the organically
Vegetables: Development 2004-2017

800'000
700'000
675'980
600'000
500'000
Hectares
400'000
441'493
300'000
156'884
322'920
299'301
294'317
105'253
200'000
239'171
236'483
227'126
221'006
209'906
208'135
181'430
100'000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
www.fibl.org 88
World: Organic vegetable area:The ten leading
countries 2017
Vegetables:The ten countries with the largest organic area

2017
China 279'300
Mexico 97'149
Italy 54'720
Egypt 23'379
France 20'866
Spain 20'331
Germany 13'846
Poland 10'236
Netherlands 7'297
0 50'000 100'000 150'000 200'000 250'000 300'000

Hectares
www.fibl.org 89
World: Organic vegetables:The ten countries with the
Vegetables:The ten countries with the highest organic

shares 2017
Denmark 33.3%
Austria 24.2%
Switzerland 16.9%
Mexico 13.2%
Sweden 11.4%
Italy 10.8%
Norway 10.0%
Germany 9.4%
France 9.3%
Finland 8.8%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Organic share %
www.fibl.org 90
More information
More information (PDF, data sources, graphs) at http://www.organic-

world.net/yearbook/yearbook-2019.html
Contact
Helga Willer and Julia Lernoud
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL)
5070 Frick
Switzerland
helga.willer@fibl.org and julia.lernoud@fibl.org
www.fibl.org 91
Disclaimer
All of the results contained in this slide show have been compiled by
the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL). However, the
possibility of mistakes cannot be ruled out entirely. Therefore, FIBL is
not subject to any obligation and makes no guarantees whatsoever
regarding any of the statements or results in this work; neither does
FiBL accept responsibility or liability for any possible mistakes, nor for
any consequences of actions taken by readers based on statements or
advice contained therein.
This document has been produced with the support of the Swiss
State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), the International Trade
Centre (ITC), the Sustainability Fund of Coop Switzerland,
NürnbergMesse, IFOAM – Organics International. The views
expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official
opinions of SECO, ITC, Coop, NürnbergMesse or IFOAM – Organics
International.
www.fibl.org 92

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Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL

Organic Agriculture Worldwide:

• International Trade Centre ITC

• Sustainability Fund of Coop Switzerland

• Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the

• IFOAM – Organics International

The 20th edition of “The World of Organic

There are 3 presentations summarizing the key results of the FiBL

The following three presentations are available at http://www.organic-

Distribution of all organic areas in • Agricultural land (69.8 million

Distribution of main land use types and crop categories

12.1 +7% 41.0

Cereals Coffee Australia 5 Finland 5

Green fodder Olives Argentina 4 Zambia 4

Oilseeds Nuts Uruguay 3 Tanzania 3

Dry pulses Coconut Spain 2 Romania 2

Vegetables Grapes 1 India 1

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 11

Distribution of main land use types by region 2017

Development of the organic land by land use type 2004-

Distribution of main land use types and

Permanent 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0

Growth of selected crops between 2016-2017

• With a total of over 48 million hectares, the organic

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 16

Organic permanent grassland/grazing areas by region 2017

• With a total of almost 12.1 million hectares, organic arable land

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 18

Distribution of organic arable cropland by region 2017

Use of organic arable cropland by crop group 2017

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 21

Distribution of organic permanent cropland by region 2017

Oceania North America

Use of permanent cropland by crop group 2017

• A wild collection area (including beekeeping) of nearly 41 million

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 24

Distribution of organic wild collection and beekeeping

The ten countries with the largest wild collection and

Use of organic wild collection and beekeeping land

• There were over 3.2 million organic beehives in 2017, representing

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 28

Development of the organic beehives 2007-2017

Distribution of organic beehives by region 2017

The ten countries with the largest number of organic

0 200'000 400'000 600'000 800'000 1'000'000

• A production volume of nearly 620’000 metric tons of organic aquaculture was

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 32

Distribution of organic aquaculture The ten countries with the

Distribution of organic aquaculture Key organic aquaculture species

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 35

Cereals: Development of the global organic area 2004-2017

Cereals:The ten countries with the largest organic areas

0 200 400 600 800 1'000

Cereals:The ten countries/regions with the highest organic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16%

Cereals: Distribution of global organic area by cereal type

www.fibl.org Source: FiBL survey 2019 40

Citrus fruit: Development of the global organic area 2004-