5 The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

ENCOUNTER THE PHENOMENON

Write the Encounter the Phenomenon question for this module.

Use the “What I Know” column to list the things you know about the Encounter the Phenomenon
question. Then list the questions you have about the Encounter the Phenomenon question in the
“What I Want to Find Out” column. As you read the module, fill in the “What I Learned” column.

K W L
What I Know What I Want to Find Out What I Learned
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Science Notebook • The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

75
The Periodic Table and Periodic Law
1 Development of the Modern Periodic Table
REVIEW Recall the definition of the Review Vocabulary term.
VOCABULARY
atomic number
atomic number

NEW VOCABULARY Define each New Vocabulary term.

periodic law periodic law
group
period group
representative element
transition element period
metal
alkali metal representative element
alkaline earth metal
transition element
metal
transition metal
alkali metal
inner transition metal
alkaline earth metal
lanthanide series
transition metal
actinide series
nonmetal
inner transition metal
halogen
lanthanide series
noble gas
metalloid
actinide series

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nonmetal

halogen
noble gas
metalloid

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 1 Development of the Modern Periodic Table (continued)
Sequence the events that helped develop the periodic table.

1. In 1864,
and saw the properties of elements .

2. In 1869,
. He left blank spaces
.

3. In 1913,
. He arranged
elements by .

Get It? Describe the pattern that both Newlands and Mendeleev
noticed about the properties of the elements.

Locate each of the following groups of elements on the periodic table.

alkali metals nonmetals halogens
alkaline earth metals representative elements transition metals
inner transition metals transition elements noble gases

1
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 18
1 H Metal
2 He
1
H
Hydrogen Helium
1.008
2 Atomic number 1 Symbol Metalloid 13 14 15 16 17 4.003

3 Li 4 Be Hydrogen Element Nonmetal

5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne
2 Lithium Beryllium
1.008 Atomic mass
Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
6.941 9.012 Synthetic 10.811 12.011 14.007 15.999 18.998 20.180
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11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar
3 Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
22.990 24.305 26.982 28.086 30.974 32.066 35.453 39.948
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr
4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
39.098 40.078 44.956 47.867 50.942 51.996 54.938 55.847 58.933 58.693 63.546 65.39 69.723 72.61 74.922 78.971 79.904 83.80

37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 n 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 54 Xe
5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
85.468 87.62 88.906 91.224 92.906 95.95 (98) 101.07 102.906 106.42 107.868 112.411 114.82 118.710 121.757 127.60 126.904 131.290

55 Cs 56 Ba 57 La 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 r 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn
6 Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
132.905 137.327 138.905 178.49 180.948 183.84 186.207 190.23 192.217 195.08 196.967 200.59 204.383 207.2 208.980 208.982 209.987 222.018

87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac 104 Rf 105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh 108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds 111 Rg 112 Cn 113 Nh 114 Fl 115 Mc 116 Lv 117 Ts 118 Og
7 Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
(223) (226) (227) * (267) * (270) * (269) * (270) * (277) * (278) * (281) * (281) * (285) * (286) * (289) * (289) * (293) * (294) * (294)
The number in parentheses is the mass number of the longest-lived isotope
for that element.
* Properties are largely predicted.
58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu
Lanthanide series Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
140.115 140.908 144.242 (145) 150.36 151.965 157.25 158.925 162.50 164.930 167.259 168.934 173.04 174.967

90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr

Actinide series Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
232.038 231.036 238.029 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) * (252) * (257) * (258) * (259) * (262)

Science Notebook • The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

77
1 Development of the Modern Periodic Table (continued)
Get It? Compare and contrast the ways in which Mendeleev and
Moseley organized the elements.

Organize information about the periodic table by completing the

concept map below.

The periodic table has rows called periods.

The table has columns called
or families.

Groups Groups 3–12

are called are called

representative elements

which possess divided into

inner transition
metals

1 17 18 transition metals earth metals

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all metals alkaline halogens the
except earth and actinide series
metals
located at

more reactive unreactive

than 2

Science Notebook • The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

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 1 Development of the Modern Periodic Table (continued)
Identify the information that is given on a typical box from the
periodic table.

1. 3.

2. 4.

Match the box color on the periodic table in Figure 4 with the class of
element the box describes.
blue nonmetal
green recently discovered
yellow metalloid
gray metal

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

1. Describe the development of the modern periodic table.

2. Sketch a simplified version of the periodic table, and indicate the location of metals,
nonmetals, and metalloids.
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Science Notebook • The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

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1 Development of the Modern Periodic Table (continued)
3. Describe the general characteristics of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

4. Identify each of the following as a representative element or a transition element.

a. lithium (Li)
b. platinum (Pt)
c. promethium (Pm)
d. carbon (C)

5. Compare For each of the given elements, list two other elements with similar
chemical properties.
a. iodine (I)
b. barium (Ba)
c. iron (Fe)

6. Compare According to the periodic table, which two elements have an atomic mass

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less than twice their atomic number?

7. Interpret Data A company plans to make an electronic device. They need to use an
element that has chemical behavior similar to that of silicon (Si) and lead (Pb).
The element must have an atomic mass greater than that of sulfur (S), but less than
that of cadmium (Cd). Use the periodic table to determine which element the
company will use.

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