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NCERT Solutions > NCERT Solutions for Class 10 > NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social
Science > Class 10 History > Chapter 1 Rise Of Nationalism In Europe

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 History

Social Science Chapter 1: Rise of
Nationalism in Europe

NCERT Book Solutions for Class 10 History Chapter 1

Rise of Nationalism in Europe – CBSE Free PDF
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History Chapter 1 Rise of Nationalism in Europe is
designed to help students perform well in the CBSE exams. Nationalism is an
ideology and movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation,
especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation’s sovereignty over its
FREE homeland. Until the nineteenth century, before the rise of nationalism in Europe, the
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world didn’t have separate nations, and the concept of the nation-state was a
modern result of the rise of nationalism in Europe. The article contains the solutions
to the questions provided in the textbook of History for Chapter 1. These NCERT
Solutions for Class 10 History Chapter 1 – Rise of Nationalism in Europe will help
students to develop their skills to answer every question in a proper way.

These NCERT Solutions will be useful for school exams, as they are sourced from the
NCERT textbooks. The NCERT Solutions are easy and accurate, which will familiarise
the students with the pattern of the questions asked in the CBSE examinations.

Chapter 1 Rise Of Nationalism In Europe 

Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History Chapter 1 Rise of

Nationalism in Europe

NCERT Solutions Class 10

Social Science History
Chapters
Chapter 2 Nationalism In India

Chapter 3 The Making Of A Global

World

Chapter 4 The Age Of Industrilisation

Chapter 5 Print Culture And The

Modern World

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History Chapter 1 – Rise of

Nationalism in Europe
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The Solutions for Chapter 1 of India and the Contemporary World are given below.
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Students should also check NCERT Solutions for Class 10 for other subjects.

NCERT Solutions – Social Science History Chapter 1 Mobile Number Send OTP

Exercise Page No. 28

City
1. Write a note on:
Grade/Exam
a. Guiseppe Mazzini

Answer: Email Address

During the 1830s, Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put together a coherent
Submit
programme for the unitary Italian Republic. He had also formed a secret society
called ‘Young Italy’ for the dissemination of his goals.

b. Count Camillo de Cavour

Answer:

1. Led the movement to unify Italy

2. He was neither a revolutionary nor a democrat.
3. Through a tactful diplomatic alliance engineered by Cavour, Sardini-Piedmont
succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859.

c. The Greek war of independence

Answer:

1. Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the fifteenth century. The growth of
revolutionary nationalism in Europe sparked off a struggle for independence amongst the
Greeks, which began in 1821.
2. Poets and artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilisation and mobilised
public opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim empire.
3. Nationalists in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile and also from many
West Europeans, who had sympathies for ancient Greek culture.
4. Finally, the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent nation.

d. Frankfurt parliament

Answer:

1. It was an all-German National assembly formed by middle-class professionals,

businessmen and prosperous artisans belonging to different German regions.
2. It was convened on 18 May 1848.
3. It was disbanded on 31 May 1849 as it lost support.

e. The role of women in nationalist struggles

Answer:

1. Women of the liberal middle classes combined their demands for constitutionalism with
national unification. They took advantage of the growing popular unrest to push their
demands for the creation of a nation-state on parliamentary principles – a constitution,
freedom of the press and freedom of association.
2. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part
in political meetings and demonstrations.

2. What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective
identity among the French people?

Answer:

1. The ideas of ‘La Patrie’ (the fatherland) and ‘Le Citoyen’ (the citizen) emphasised the
notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
2. A new French flag, the tricolour, was chosen to replace the former royal standard.
3. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated, all in the name of
the nation.
4. A centralised administrative system was put in place, and it formulated uniform laws for
all citizens within its territory.
5. Internal customs duties and dues were abolished, and a uniform system of weights and
measures was adopted.
6. Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris,
became the common language of the nation.
7. The revolutionaries further declared that it was the mission and the destiny of the French
nation to liberate the peoples of Europe from despotism. In other words, to help other
peoples of Europe to become nations.

3. Who were Marianne and Germania? What was the importance of the way in
which they were portrayed?

Answer:

Female allegories were invented by artists in the nineteenth century to represent

the nation.

1. Marianne, a popular Christian name – underlined the idea of a people’s nation.

2. Her characteristics were drawn from those of Liberty and the Republic – the red cap, the
tricolour, the cockade. Statues of Marianne were erected in public squares to remind the
public of the national symbol of unity and to persuade them to identify with it.
3. The image of Marianne was marked on coins and stamps.

Germania became the allegory of the German nation. In visual representations,

Germania wears a crown of oak leaves, as the German oak stands for heroism.

4. Briefly trace the process of German unification.

Answer:

1. Nationalist sentiments were often mobilised by conservatives for promoting state power
and achieving political domination over Europe. This can be observed in the process by
which Germany and Italy came to be unified as nation-states.
2. Middle-class Germans tried to unite the different regions of German Confederation, but
their plans were not materialised due to actions of large landowners called Junkers of
Prussia. Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France ended in a
Prussian victory. In Jan 1871, Prussian King William I was proclaimed German emperor.
3. Importance was given to modernising the currency, banking, legal and judicial systems in
Germany.

5. What changes did Napoleon introduce to make the administrative system more
efficient in the territories ruled by him?

Answer:

The Civil Code of 1804 – usually known as the Napoleonic Code – did away with all
the privileges based on birth, established equality before the law and secured the
right to property. This Code was exported to the regions under French control. In the
Dutch Republic, in Switzerland, in Italy and Germany, Napoleon simplified the
administrative divisions, abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from
serfdom and manorial dues. In the towns too, guild restrictions were removed.
Transport and communication systems were improved. Peasants, artisans, workers
and new businessmen enjoyed new-found freedom. Businessmen and small-scale
producers of goods, in particular, began to realise that uniform law, standardised
weights and measures, and a common national currency would facilitate the
movement and exchange of goods and capital from one region to another.

Discuss:

1. Explain what is meant by the 1848 revolution of the liberals. What were the
political, social and economic ideas supported by the liberals?

Answer:

1. In the year 1848, parallel to the revolts of the poor, another revolution was underway. Led
by the educated middle classes, the unemployed, the starving peasants and workers in
many European countries experienced this revolution of the liberals. Events of February
1848 in France had brought about the abdication of the monarch and a republic based on
universal male suffrage had been proclaimed.
2. In other parts of Europe where independent nation-states did not yet exist – such as
Germany, Italy, Poland, the Austro-Hungarian Empire – men and women of the liberal
middle classes combined their demands for constitutionalism with national unification.
3. They took advantage of the growing popular unrest to push their demands for the
creation of a nation-state on parliamentary principles – a constitution, freedom of the
press and freedom of association.
4. The issue of extending political rights to women was a controversial one within the liberal
movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively over the years.
Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and had taken
part in political meetings and demonstrations.

2. Choose three examples to show the contribution of culture to the growth of

nationalism in Europe.

Answer:

Language:

Language played a very important role. After the Russian occupation, the Polish
language was forced out of schools, and the Russian language was imposed
everywhere. The Clergy in Poland began using language as a weapon of national
resistance. Polish was used for Church gatherings and all religious instructions. The
use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of struggle against Russian dominance.

Romanticism:

It was a cultural movement which sought to develop a particular form of nationalist

sentiment. Romantic artists and poets generally criticised the glorification of reason
and science, and focussed instead on emotions, intuition and mystic feelings. They
tried to portray a common cultural past as the basis of a nation.

Folk poetry, folk dance, folk songs:

The true spirit of the nation was popularised through the above means. So
collecting and recording these forms of folk culture was an essential part of nation-
building.

3. Through a focus on any two countries, explain how nations developed over the
nineteenth century.

Answer:

Focus countries – Germany and Italy.

Germany

1. Nationalist sentiments were often mobilised by conservatives for promoting state power
and achieving political domination over Europe. This can be observed in the process by
which Germany and Italy came to be unified as nation-states.
2. Middle-class Germans tried to unite the different regions of the German Confederation,
but their plans were not materialised due to actions of large landowners called the
‘Junkers of Prussia’. Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark, and France ended
in a Prussian victory. In Jan 1871, the Prussian King William I was proclaimed German
emperor.
3. Importance was given to modernising the currency, banking, legal and judicial systems in
Germany.

Italy

1. During the 1830s, Mazzini sought to unify Italy. He had formed a secret society called
‘Young Italy’, and it had failed. Hence, the responsibility fell on Sardinia-Piedmont under its
ruler King Victor Emmanuel II, to unify Italian states through war.
2. Austrian forces were defeated in 1859. Apart from Sardinia-Piedmont, a large number of
volunteers had joined the cause under the leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi. In 1860, they
marched to South Italy and managed to defeat Spanish rulers. In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II
was proclaimed as the king of Italy.

4. How was the history of nationalism in Britain unlike the rest of Europe?

Answer:

1. Formation of the nation-state was not due to sudden upheaval or revolution. It was the
result of a long-drawn-out process.
2. The primary identities of people who inhabited the British Isles were ethnic ones such as
English, Welsh, Scot or Irish.
3. The Act of Union between England and Scotland resulted in the formation of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain. Scottish people were forbidden from speaking their Gaelic
language and from wearing their national dress. Many were driven out of their homeland.
4. Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the UK in 1801. This was achieved by the English
helping the Protestants of Ireland to establish their dominance over the Catholics.
5. The symbols of the new Britain – the British flag (Union Jack), the national anthem (God
save our Noble King) and the English language were actively promoted, and the older
nations survived only as subordinate partners in this union.

5. Why did nationalist tensions emerge in the Balkans?

Answer:

1. It was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania,

Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and
Montenegro. The people of the region were broadly known as Slavs.
2. A large part was under the control of the Ottoman Empire. Gradually, independence was
declared from them.
3. The spread of the ideas of romantic nationalism in the Balkans, together with
disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, made this region very explosive.

Rise of Nationalism in Europe Summary

Chapter 1 of NCERT Social Science History textbook – India and the Contemporary
World-II is titled as ‘Rise of Nationalism in Europe’. The rise of nationalism in Europe
is considered to have begun with the Spring of Nations in 1848. During the
nineteenth century, nationalism emerged as a force which brought about sweeping
changes in the political and psychological landscape of Europe. The end result of
these changes was the emergence of the nation-state, in place of the multi-
national dynastic empires of Europe.

The students will also get to know about the following topics:

1. The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation

2. The Making of Nationalism in Europe
a. The Aristocracy and the New Middle Class
b. What did Liberal Nationalism Stand for?
c. A New Conservatism after 1815
d. The Revolutionaries
3. The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848
a. The Romantic Imagination and National Feeling
b. Hunger, Hardship and Popular Revolt
c. 1848: The Revolution of the Liberals
4. The Making of Germany and Italy
a. Germany – Can the Army be the Architect of a Nation?
b. Italy Unified
c. The Strange Case of Britain
5. Visualising the Nation
6. Nationalism and Imperialism

‘India and the Contemporary World-II’ is an important book for Class 10 Social
Science subject. Apart from this chapter, the full set of NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Social Science is given in the linked article.

Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for

Class 10 History Chapter 1
Q1 What are the ways to learn Chapter 1 of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History
faster?
Chapter 1 of Class 10 History explains the rise of nationalism in Europe. Students
can quickly comprehend the key topics by referring to the NCERT Solutions for
Class 10 History Chapter 1. It comprises answers to textbook questions written in
an elaborate manner highlighting the important points. Further, all the answers
are curated by subject experts as per the latest CBSE syllabus and guidelines.

Q2 What are the topics that students will learn in Chapter 1 of NCERT Solutions for
Class 10 History?
In Chapter 1 of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History, students will learn about the
following topics:
1. The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation
2. The Making of Nationalism in Europe
3. The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848
4. The Making of Germany and Italy
5. Visualising the Nation
6. Nationalism and Imperialism

Q3 Can the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History Chapter 1 really help students
with their CBSE exam preparations?
The Class 10 CBSE exams are a crucial checkpoint in every student’s academic
life as it lays a foundation for all career goals. Before kickstarting preparations
for the exam, students must have an overview of the syllabus and mark
weightage for the concepts as per the CBSE guidelines. The NCERT Solutions
are created by subject experts at BYJU’S with an aim to clarify the doubts of
students while learning the answers to the textbook questions. The resource
primarily increases the logical and analytical thinking skills of students, which
are vital for taking an exam.

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Kamal
October 24, 2020 at 1:28 pm

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December 28, 2021 at 7:09 pm

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May 8, 2022 at 8:40 am

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helpful. Thanks a lot

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November 15, 2022 at 11:17 am

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February 5, 2023 at 10:36 am

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February 16, 2023 at 11:37 am

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