Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Campus Journalism
Campus Journalism
Noah Webster,Fraser Bond, and by the encyclopedia: A campus paper is a publication, either mimeographed
JOURNALISM. or printed, put out by staff members who are either
students or faculty members of a school or university.
The word journal comes from the Latin word, diurna,
which means "daily." The campus paper has many functions. The traditional
roles of the campus paper were specified by Harold
In ancient Rome, short bulletins of battles, fires and
Spears and C. H. Lawshe Jr. in their book, "An
elections compiled by government officials were posted
Introduction to Journalism."
up in public places. These were called acta diurna which
meant "daily events." A. Aids to the students
Webster defines journalism as the occupation of writing 1.To provide an opportunity for interesting writing
for publication in newspapers and other periodicals.
2.To give students the opportunity to learn how to read
Fraser F. Bond, on the other hand, defines it as the newspapers
"something that embraces all forms in which or through
3.To act as a stimulus to better work
which the news and com- ments on the news reach the
public." According to him, all that hap- pens in the 4.To develop students' powers of observation and
world, if such happenings hold interest for the public, discrim- ination concerning relative merits of news
and all the thoughts, actions and ideas which these articles
happenings stimulate, become basic materials for the
journalist. 5.To serve as an outlet and motivation for journalistic
writing
High School journalism has been defined by school
paper advi- sers of the City Schools of Manila as "that 6.To offer training in organization, business methods,
enjoyable co-curricular activity of the school paper staff com- mercial art, salesmanship, bookkeeping and
in collecting, organizing and present- ing news; in business management
writing editorials, columns, literary articles and 7.To develop qualities of cooperation, tact, accuracy,
features; in copyreading, proofreading, dummying, and tolerance, responsibility, and leadership
writing headlines — all for the purpose of putting out a
school organ." B.Aids to the school and community
Scope of Journalism 1.To inform the community as to the work of the school
Journalism may be divided into three areas, namely: 2.To publish school news
written, oral, and visual. Periodicals such as newspapers 3.To create and express school opinion
and magazines fall under written journalism. A
periodical, defined broadly, is a publica- daily, weekly, 4.To help unify the school
tion that comes out at regular periods of interval
5.To make known the achievement of the school
fortnightly, monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, annually,
etc. 6.To encourage and stimulate worthwhile activities
A newspaper, compared to a magazine, prints more 7.To develop right standards of conduct
news, has no special cover, and is printed on newsprint.
8.To provide an outlet for student suggestions for the
News is printed front page as well as on the inside and
better- ment of the school
back pages.
9.To develop better interschool relationship
A magazine, on the other hand, prints more features
and human paper. If ever news is printed, it is brief, 10.To develop school spirit
featurized and found in the interest stories, has a
11.To develop cooperation between parents and the
special cover and is oftentimes printed inside pages.
school
Periodicals, brochures, journals, books, and graphic arts
The modern campus paper has evolved other functions.
are classified under print media. Radio falls under oral
journalism, while television, movies and documentaries Information function-It informs the readers of events.
fall under visual journalism. This is its news function. But information may also come
from the fea- tures, editorial and other sections of the
Radio and television are examples of broadcast media
school paper.
while movies and documentaries are examples of film
media.
Opinion function- editorials and editorial columns, the National papers fall into two categories: popular papers
editor interprets the meaning of the news, especially of and heavy or quality papers. Popular papers show their
the banner news, and gives his opinions on important news in a vivid life, with easy-to-read articles and many
matters or on significant events of the day. pictures. Heavy or high-quality papers emphasize more
serious topics, and print longer articles about them.
Education function - One of the most important
Some newspaper publishers produce Sunday papers,
functions of a modern campus paper is to educate not
sometimes with similar nameplates as daily papers.
only the students but also the people in the community.
These are not Sunday editions of dailies. They have
Sex education and family planning which used to be
different editors and different staffs. As people have
tabooed in classrooms are now topics of discussion by
more time for reading on a Sunday, a Sunday paper has
student writers in their school organs.
more pages and contains more articles than the daily
Watchdog function -The school paper acts as the paper; so,costs even more.
guardian of the students' rights. It serves as the eyes of
Sections/Parts of a Campus Paper
the readers.
A.Front Page
Laboratory function -It serves as the teaching tool for
the bud- ding journalists. After they have learned, for 1.Local news - news that takes place within the country.
example, how to write straight news stories, they cover
2.Foreign news - news that takes place outside the
school activities and write the news for publication.
country.
Documentation function-Important school events,
3.Dateline news - an out-of-town news story. It is
worthwhile student accomplishments and
introduced by a dateline which states the place from
achievements are recorded in the school paper for
which the story was reported, the date, and the source
posterity sake. Most present-day histories have been
of the material if not written by the local staff, as Tokyo,
researched from old files of newspapers.
Japan, Jan. 25 (AP). 4.Weather news- usually a boxed
Entertainment function-The school paper, like an forecast of the area, some- times about the
interesting book keeps the company reader especially temperature, wind directions and velocities. Extremes
when he or she is alone. Most of the stories of interest on weather are reported as more detailed news stories.
are very interesting to read.
5.Index a slugline indicating an important inside page
Developmental function - In a developing country such 'story and the page where it is found.
as the Philippines, scholastic and commercial jounalism
Other things found in the Front Page: (Those with
is given more noble importance. The young writer who
asterisk may or may not be present).
previously spent more time reporting on club activities
such as elections and parties, and writing lines to 1.Nameplate-the engraved or printed name of the
Delilah, ended up being a development journalist. As a news-- paper as the Manila Times or The PNC Torch.
result, he incorporated his community into his beat, and
sometimes touched on topics of national importance. 2.Ears* - the little boxes on either side of the
He was encouraged to write more scientific news and nameplate.
development reports, to cover the government's 3.Banner -the principal headline bearing the boldest
priority programs, especially those related to increased and biggest type. It is the title of the most important
agricultural productivity, land reform, expanded health, news of the day which is called banner news. It may or
medical and other welfare social services, population may not run across the page. If it does, it may also be
education, rural electrification, education in nutrition, called a streamer.
and the promotion of deeper awareness of the culture
of the people. 4.Running head-a head made up of two or more lines.
National and Campus Papers Compared 5.Headline -the title of any news story. The word
headline is used only for titles of news stories, thus the
A newspaper is a printed publication which is published various rules for writing it.
and sold at regular intervals. Its main purpose is to
provide news for its readers. The paper also tries to 6.Deck - a subordinate headline placed immediately
explain what the news means, so it prints comments below its mother headline, also known as bank or
and opinions. Another goal is to entertain and teach readout.
through pictures, cartoons and other interesting 7.Lead-the beginning of a news story. It may be a word,
features. a group of words, a sentence, or even a paragraph.
A paper which is published daily is called a daily paper. 8. News story the whole story of an event composed of
The papers published once a week are called weeklies. the lead and the text which is the elaboration of the
National paper is a paper that can be easily purchased lead.
anywhere in the country.
9.Columns the horizontal division into parts of a news- 7.Letter to the editor - a letter sent in by the reader
paper. Many national papers are divided into eight giving his personal views on certain aspects.
columns, while a typical school paper is divided into five
C. Sports Page Sports stories are classified as news
columns of 12 ems each.
stories; therefore, what may be found in the news page
10.Column rule - the vertical line that divides the page may also be found in the sports section. Other things
into columns. Most pages of a newspaper are divided that may be found in the sports section are the sports
into columns by a space usually one em wide. This commentaries and sports features.
space is called the sunken rule.
D. Special Features-The modern newspaper has some
11.Fold-the imaginary horizontal line that divides the special features and eliminated some which have
news- paper equally into two parts. become irrelevant to the needs of the times. An
example of this was the society page.
12.Byline* -the signature of a reporter preceding a
news- feature as By Warren Cruz. Commonly found in the present-day newspapers are: a)
Life and Leisure (The Arts, Religion, Entertainment and
13.Box*-news materials enclosed by line rules.
Comics) and b) finance and business for Phil. Daily
14.Cut-a metal plate bearing a newspaper's illustration, Inquirer. The feature page of The Bulletin Today
also known as cliche. contains a) home and culture, entertainment, comics; b)
reviews, features and miscellaneous, and c) business
15.Cutline - the text accompanying photos and other art sec- tion, shipping, classified ads, movie, TV and radio
work, better known as caption. If written above the guides and the comics page.
photo just like a slugline, it is called overline.
The modern campus publication is both a school and
16.Kicker- a tagline placed above but smaller than a community paper. It is for this reason that its contents
head- line, also known as teaser. If it is bigger than the are similar to that of a metropolitan paper, minus the
headline, it is called hammer. business and agricultural sections; the shipping, movie,
17.Credit line - a line giving the source of the story or TV and radio guides; the display and classified ads, and
illus- tration as reprinted from the "Manila Times" or the comics page.
Photo by MPI.
3. Speech or Quote story- A news story usually written 4.Sidebar - A news item or a feature placed side by side
from its mother story to which it is related but under a
headline of its own.
a public address, talks, speeches, statements and
letters, and to some extent, interviews. All are based on 5.Flash-A message giving a first brief news of an event.
recorded information, It is usually boxed.
D. Content
E. Structure