A New Tripolar

World Order?
Asis, Cyrelle Joy Camba, Bianca Custado Samantha Dominguez, Adrian Malite, Charls
The dis-integration of the capitalist world economy
into three regions towards centralization and
concentration around Russia, China, and Brazil. It
reflects a withdrawal from the old hegemonic order
and its institutions, and a hegemonic drive by Russia,
China, and Brazil to expand their state power and
capital vis-a-vis each of the three respective regions.
(modified)
Bachert-Burke
RUSSIA
Russia is a federal semi-presidential republic with a multi-party system. It is the world's
largest country by area—containing more than 17,125,192km. sq. and more than one-
eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area—spans eleven time zones and shares physical
borders with fourteen other countries. Also, one of the world's most populous countries
with 144,317,319 populaces.
Russia is a landlocked and ice-locked continent, with few exits to the high seas.
Russia has no direct outlets except on the Pacific Ocean and the White and Arctic Seas.
It has a large number of islands: in the Arctic Ocean - the island of Novaya Zemlya,
Vaigach, a group of islands known as the Severnaya Zemlya, New Siberian Islands,
Wrangel Island; in the Pacific Ocean - the Kuril Islands, stretching from Kamchatka to
Japan, and Sakhalin.
 DATA AND RANKING
Economic Political
GDP
Influence Influence
The world's leading natural Russia is a permanent
GDP in Russia is gas exporter, the 2nd-
member of the United
largest natural gas producer,
expected to reach oil exporter, and producer. Nations Security
$2272 billion by the Russia's foreign exchange Council and is a
end of 2023. reserves are the world's 4th- member of major
largest. It has a labor force
international
of roughly 70 million people,
which is the world's 7th- organizations
largest.
DATA AND RANKING
Military Power
Capability Ranking
They are the world's 5th- Ranked 5 of 26
largest military force, with
for
1.15 million and at least
two million reserve
comprehensive
personnel. Russia's military power. with an
spending/defense budget overall score of
for 2021 was $65.91B, a 31.6 out of 100.
6.8% increase from 2020.
 Russia: "A Great
Power Competitor to
An Acute Threat"
Russia maintains positive relations with countries considered neutral
on the world stage. With countries traditionally considered Western
aligned, Russia maintains positive relations with Hungary, Serbia,
Turkey, Qatar, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and
Israel. Also, military ties with China and India.
Russia and China are working to create a multipolar world order as a
network of “lasting international relations of a new type that are
not spearheaded at other countries” and are based on the
principles of equality, noninterference, and respect for mutual interests.
Russia's
Int'l Agenda
01 FORTRESS RUSSIA

02 THREATS

03 RUSSO-UKRANIAN WAR
CHINA
China is the largest of all Asian countries and has an enormous population (the
second-most populous country with a population exceeding 1.4 billion) of any
country in the world. Occupying nearly the entire East Asian landmass, it covers
approximately one-fourteenth of the land area of Earth.
China is widely regarded as an emerging power due to its rapid economic
growth, technological advancements, and increasing global influence. With the
world’s largest population and the second-largest economy, China has become a
major player in international trade, investment, and diplomacy.
 DATA AND RANKING
Economic Political
GDP
Influence Influence
China’s economy is the It has been a
Total GDP reached world’s second-largest,
permanent member of
trailing only the United
RMB 59.3 trillion States. China’s growing the United Nations
(approx. US$8.3 economy is an important Security Council since
trillion) source of global demand, 1971 and is a member
and its economic
of several international
rebalancing will create new
opportunities for and regional
manufacturing exporters. organizations
DATA AND RANKING
Military Power
Capability Ranking
China’s military size is The GFP index
more than four times as ranks China as
much as the US. China
the third most
has about 2 million to 2.5
million active soldiers, and
powerful country
an additional 1.1 million as in the world, with
reserves and military a score of 0.0722
police.
 China: "The
Long-Awakened
Giant"
The discussion of China’s growing prominence in international life usually is
sidelined by the mainstream, such interest in China’s role and position in
global politics that has grown exponentially in the context of the
deepening concomitant economic, social, and political crises across Europe
and North America – which, until very recently, were considered the
traditional locales of power and influence in world politics.
In its struggle in recent years, China has expanded its diplomatic and
economic relationships, launching new institutions like the Asian
Infrastructure Investment Bank and positioning itself as a donor of much-
needed public goods through policies like the vast amounts of
infrastructure investment through the Belt and Road Initiative.
China's Int'l
Agenda
01 IITS NEW MAP

02 DEFENSIVE TO EXPANSIVE

03 LARGE INVESTMENT HUB

BRAZIL
Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest: It is the largest
country in both South and Latin America, with 8.5 million square kilometers of
land area(fifth-largest in the world by area). The country has an almost 7,500 km-
long coastline in the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil's 2023 population is estimated at
216,422,446 people at mid-year. Brazil's population is equivalent to 2.69% of the
total world population.
Brazil is a federal republic with a president, a National Congress, and a judiciary.
From 1888 until recently, the country struggled with democracy. But in 1985, the
military government was peacefully removed, and by 1995, Brazil's politics and
economy had become fairly stable.
 DATA AND RANKING
Economic
GDP
Influence
Brazil’s economic history can
The Gross Domestic be largely characterized as a
cycle of booms and busts.
Product (GDP) in Brazil is an agricultural
Brazil was worth powerhouse, the world’s 4th
$1920.10 billion in largest grain producer. Since
2022. 2019, Brazil has signed 15
trade agreements and 200+
agricultural markets have
been opened.
Political
Influence
Brazil has increased
ties with developing
countries in Africa and
Asia. Brazil is currently
commanding a
multinational U.N.
stabilization force in
Haiti, the MINUSTAH.
DATA AND RANKING
Military Power
Capability Ranking
The country has the most For 2023, Brazil is
military personnel of any ranked 12 of 145
country in Latin America
out of the
and the Southern
Hemisphere, with 334,500
countries
active forces – an considered for the
average of 18 service annual GFP
members for every 10,000 review.
Brazilians.
Brazil: "A Major
Emerging
Power"
Brazil is a member of the United Nations and other major multilateral
institutions, and it has worked closely with countries such as China, India,
and Russia to develop alternative forums. Brazil has forged closer political
and military ties with Russia and has asserted itself in nuclear talks with
Iran despite objections from the United States.
The creation of G20 also indicates a global recognition of Brazilian
influence in politics and economics. In the last summits in London and
Pittsburgh, President Lula and the central bank’s Meirelles urged nations
worldwide to cooperate, signaling that the new global order resides
beyond the archaic G8.
Brazil's Int'l
Agenda
01 SOUTH-SOUTH

02 INDO-PACIFIC REGION

EXPANSION IN SOUTH
03
AFRICA
 The Heartland
Iran, once the heart of the great Persian Empire,
sits in southwestern Asia, bordered to its east by
Afghanistan and to its west by Iraq. Iran has one
of the largest economies in the Middle East and
one of the largest populations, with about 86
million people. While Iran experienced secular
reforms and a glimpse of democracy in the mid-
20th century, today it is governed by an
authoritarian regime. Iran's economy relies
primarily on oil and gas exports – the country
holds about 10% of the world’s oil reserves – but
it also has significant agricultural, industrial, and
service sectors.
“Geopolitics of Access” is a geopolitical theory
derived from the geographical and strategic
location of the Eurasian region in the post-Soviet
era. It refers to the fact that all the countries
that seceded after the collapse of the Soviet
Union are landlocked and need access to the
high seas. This is mainly due to the fact that
Iran, with 2,043 km of water border in the
southern zone, is the shortest, fastest, safest, and
most economical access route for the
landlocked states of the Caspian-Central Asia
region to the Sea of Oman and the Persian Gulf.
Iran is located in a unique geographical position,
acting as a bridge among Africa, Europe, and
Asia, connecting India and Russia in the north–
south corridor; connecting Asia and Europe in
the East–West corridor; connecting Central Asia,
the Caucasus, Turkey, and Western Europe in the
TRACECA Corridor; connecting Southeast Asia to
northwestern Europe in the South Asian
Corridor; the link among ECO members as well
as Central Asian countries to the high seas and
the Persian Gulf is formalized in the Ashgabat
agreement.