THIRD QUARTER REVIEWER MAPEH
1. Pilipinas Kong Mahal
MUSIC
- Conternporary Music- Any style of music that is current
or modern, addressing current issues in a manner that is
appealing to the current audience. The manner of appeal
may involve fusing more than one original music style
together.
- “Contemporary music in the Philippines refers to
compositions that have adopted ideas and elements from
20th-century art music in the west, as well as the latest
trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry.”
– Ramon Santos, PHD (National Artist)
- Music that is currently being written, recorded, and
performed by Filipino Composers.
- This music is known as popular music (Pop Music) that
was popularized during the 60’s to 70’s that mostly in
ballad forms.
Philippine National Contemporary Artist
- An order bestowed by the Philippines on Filipinos who
have made significant contributions to the development
of Philippine art. Member of the order are known as
National Artist
Famous Contemporary Composers and their Compositions
- RYAN CIPRIANO PUJANTE CAYABYAB (Ryan
Cayabyab)
▪ A Filipino Musician, Arranger, Singer,
Composer, and Conductor.
▪ Also known as Mr. C
▪ Born on May 4, 1954 at Quezon City
▪ His genres are Classical, Manila, Sound Jazz,
Religious, Adult Contemporary
▪ Graduated from the University of The
Philippines College of Music with Bachelor’s
Degree in Music Composition
▪ Famous compositions: Kay Ganda ng Ating
Musika, Kumukutikutitap, Araw Gabi
▪ Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika- is a song
composed by Ryan Cayabyab and performed
by Hajii Alejandro in the First Metro Manila
Music Festival in 1978 where it won the grand
prize.
= This song exalts the emergence of
Filipino nationalism in Music.
= Describes the metaphorical
language, the beautiful, experiences
of discovering the gift of song.
- Lucio San Pedro
▪ Also know as the “Romantic Nationalist”
▪ His chords have a rich expressive tonality, as
represented in his well-loved Sa Ugoy ng
Duyan.
▪ Ugoy ng Duyan - a lullaby melody sung by his
mother.
- Francisco Santiago
▪ Known as the “Father of the Kundiman”
▪ Belongs to the “Triumvirate of Filipino
Composers.”
▪ Famous Composition:
2. Pakiusap
- Nicanor Abelardo
▪ Developed a style that combined European
romanticism with chromaticism.
▪ He belongs to the “Triumvirate of Filipino
Composers” together with Francisco Santiago
and Antonio Molina.
▪ Famous composition:
1. Magbalik Ka Hirang
- Antonio J. Molina
▪ “Father of Philippine Impressionist Music”
▪ Famous Composition: Hating Gabi
- Alfredo Buenaventura
▪ Among the few composers in the Philippines
who composed five full length operas.
▪ He has his own set of ideas about music and
composition.
▪ Famous Composition: Rizal the Great Malayan
Antagonist
- Lucrecia R. Kasilag
▪ Particularly known for incorporating indigenous
Filipino instruments into orchestral productions.
▪ National Artist for Music in 1989.
▪ Famous Composition: Toccata for Percussion
and Winds
- Levi Celerio
▪ Guinness Book of World Records for being the
Only Person to Make Music with a Leaf.
▪ He received numerous awards for his musical
achievements in film.
▪ Major Compositions: Dahil Sa Iyo, Ang Pipit.
- Restituto “Restie” Umali
▪ A composer, teacher, and musical arranger.
▪ He arranged the Philippine national anthem.
▪ He wrote a total of more or less 120 movie
theme songs.
▪ Major Compositions:
1. Mga Anghel Na Walang Langit
2. Saan Ka Man Naroroon
Philippine Pop Music
- Filipino pop songs mainly referred to songs popularized
since the 1960s, especially those in the ballad form. It
was the during the American regime when the Filipinos
created forms of leisure that is popular today which is
known as Philippine popular music
- During the time when American influence was at its pick,
some local artists continued to strive for a distinct sound
that could be referred to as “Filipino” or the “Manila
Sound” which flourished through the 80s.
Filipino Popular Music Artists
- Constancio de Guzman
▪ “The Dean of Filipino movie composer and
musical directors".
▪ Composer of nationalistic song Bayan Ko.
▪ Some of his works are Maalala Mo Kaya, Ang
Tangi Kong Pag-ibig.
▪ Best Composer in Awit Awards in 1982.
 - Herminio Jose Lualhati Alcasid Jr.
▪ A Filipino singer songwriter, television
presenter, comedian, parodist, and actor.
▪ President of OPM (Organisasyon ng Pilipinong
Mang-Aawit).
▪ Alcasid debuted as a singer in 1989 with the
release of his self-titled album.
- Moira Dela Torre
▪ A Filipina singer-songwriter.
▪ She rose to fame for her covers of Imago's
"Sundo", Moonstar88's "Torete", and the Himig
Handog-winning single "Titibo tibo".
▪ Some of her compositions are, Mabagal,
Paubaya, Tagpuan, Patawad, Paalam, Before
it Sinks, and Sundo.
Musical Characteristics
- Form: The arrangement of musical units of rhythm,
melody, and or/ harmony that show repetition or
variation, the arrangement of the instruments or the way
a symphonic piece is orchestrated", among other factors
(Wikipedia, 2020). It could be identified as A, AB, ABC,
ABA form.
- Dynamics: refers to the volume of a sound or note. The
term is also applied to the written or printed musical
notation used to indicate dynamics. (Lumen, n. d.).
It could be seen as:
- p (soft), - f (loud),
- pp (very soft), - ff (very loud),
- ppp (very very soft), - fff (very very loud).
- Pitch: In music, position of a single sound in the
complete range of sound. Sounds are higher or lower in
pitch according to the frequency of vibration of the sound
waves producing them (Rogers, 2020).
- Tempo: The rate of speed of a musical piece or passage
indicated by one of a series of directions and often by an
exact metronome marking (Merriam Webster, 2020).
Examples:
Largo – very slow
Presto – sudden or super fast
Allegro – fast, quickly and bright
Philippine Popular Music
- Music is distributed to large audiences through the music
industry.
- Can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no
musical training.
- It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional or
"folk" music.
- In the Philippines pop music is very relevant since early
1970s
- Commonly termed as Original Pinoy Music or OPM.
Creation of Popular Music
- Theme: Listeners like songs that can understand and
identify with.
- Common themes of OPM:
- love relationships (starting up or falling apart),
- good times,
- dreams and desires,
- confronting problems,
- patriotism
- Groove: This is how songs connect with listeners in
physical way. A rhythmic groove also expresses the
attitude or energy of your song.
- Examples:
- dance grooves, - sad grooves
- strutting grooves, - happy grooves
- bluesy grooves,
- Melody: The most important thing to remember is that
Pop song melodies. A mix of repetition and variation that
makes them easy to remember but keeps them fresh
enough to be interesting.
- Lyrics: Using dialogues or writing lyric like a script for a
movie. Written in short phrases the use images and
action words to describe a feeling.
Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika
- Composed by: Ryan Cayabyab
1. Composer
2. Arranger
3. Musical director in the Philippine
music industry since 1970s.
- Performed by: Hajii Alejandro
ARTS
- Photography came from the Greek word “photos”
meaning light and “graphos” meaning writing.
- As an artist means discerning a significant moment
framing it in the camera viewfinder with an eye for
composition and clicking is photography as ART.
- as communication refers to modern art form which
viewed as one of the powerful means of communication
in the field of journalism, advertising, and education.
- Distinctive Characteristics of Photography
1. Composition: is essentially how we arrange the
scene to tell the story best and how we get the
viewer to look at and focus the most important
aspects of the photograph.
2. Story: The story you are telling with the image,
The great composition will make the
photographs powerful.
- Noteworthy Photographers in Philippines:
1. George Tapan: an award winning travel
photographer who has won the two Pacific Asia
Tourism Association and First place in the 2011
National entitled “Into The Green Zone”.
2. John K. Chua: Chua-best known as an
advertising and commercial photographer with
over 40 years of experience in this field. He has
also applied his photo artistry to showcasing
the beauty of the Philippines.
Media Based Arts in the Philippines and The Art Elements
- Photography: It becomes clear how the photographer
has captured the elements of form, color, light and
shadow, texture and composition to create a true work of
art.
- Film: has risen to tremendous heights within the last
century. As its early name “Motion Pictures” declared,
film brought yet another dimension into play that of
moving images.
 - Film Makers and other parts:
1. Film Director: Directs the acting. He or she
conceptualizes the scenes.
2. Film Actors/ Acting: had to learn to express
themselves without the exaggerated facial
expressions and gestures used on stage.
3. Cinematography: This captures the director's vision
of each scene through camera placement and
movement, lighting, and other special techniques.
4. Editing: Selecting, Sequencing, and Joining shots
together to achieve the director's desired visual and
emotional effect.
5. Production Set/ Design: This recreated in physical
terms through location, scenery, sets, lighting,
costumes, and props. The mental image that the
director had of how each scene should look, what
period it should depict, and what atmosphere it
should convey.
- Animation: To make something appear to move by
creating a series of drawings.
1. Urduja (2008): First fully animated Filipino film,
created by an all Filipino group of animators using
the traditional hand-drawn animation process with
some 3D effects. An animated film adaptation of the
legend of the warrior princess of Pangasinan.
2. Dayo: Sa Mundo ng Elementalia (2008): First
Filipino full 3D animated film. Country’s first all-
digital full-length animated feature film. First ever
animated movie to be screened during 34th MMFF
in 2008, RPG Metanoia (2010).
- Print Media: Large sale publications such as
newspapers, magazines, journals, books of all kinds like
brochures, flyers, menus and the like. there remains the
more conventional form known as print media.
1. Advertising: These appear in newspapers,
magazines, posters, brochures and flyers.
Photography as an Artist:
- Photography as art involves recognizing an important
moment or a distinctive expression, framing it in the
camera viewfinder with an eye for composition, and then
pressing the shutter.
Photography as Communication:
- Next to the printed word, the photographic image is
today’s most important means of conveying information
and ideas, expressing emotions, even championing
causes.
Basic Compositions in Photography:
1. Filling the Frame: Move in closer to your subject to
strengthen your composition. It allows the focus to fall on
your subject filling the screen of your camera.
2. Rule of Thirds: The thought that placing your subject off-
center yields a stronger, more natural - looking
composition.
3. Framing: A technique using a natural or man-made form
(any shape) around your subject that serves like a
picture frame.
4. Leading Lines: This composition makes the viewer’s
eyes drawn into the succeeding patterns of lines.
5. Symmetrical Balance: A photograph with elements that
show a mirror-image.
6. Asymmetrical Balance: Uneven subjects or elements that
are place off-center.
Purpose of Photography: It can vary depending on what the
photographer is trying to achieve such as documentary and news
photographers capture images for the purpose of providing
detailed account of actual events, while hobbyist photographers
aim to capture life moments with their families and friends.
Types of Photography:
1. Landscape: Landscape photography is the art of
capturing pictures of nature and the outdoors in a way
that brings your viewer into the scene.
2. Macro: Macro photography is close-up photography of
small subjects, including things like bugs and flowers.
You can take macro pictures in a studio or outdoor
environment so long as you are magnifying your subject
sufficiently.
3. Wildlife: Wildlife photography is a type of photography
that records the life of animals in their natural settings,
like in a forest or underwater. So, wildlife photography
often constitutes the images of animals in movement or
action such as eating, fighting, or in flight.
4. Portrait: Portrait photography is about capturing the
essence, personality, identity and attitude of a person
utilizing backgrounds, lighting and posing. The goal is to
capture a photo that appears both natural and prepared
to allow the subject’s personality to show through.
5. Documentary: Documentary photography describes any
photos that attempt to record the world as it is. These
images can inform an audience about the hidden corners
of contemporary life and even become part of the
historical record.
6. Fashion: Fashion photography focuses on the display of
fashion clothing and items. It is most common on
advertising boards and in fashion magazines.
7. Travel: Travel photography is a type of photography that
may involve the documentation of an area's landscape,
people, cultures, customs, and history.
8. Event: The professional art of snapping high-quality
images during a wide variety of important occasions,
from personal events like weddings or birthday parties to
large public gatherings like corporate events, galas,
award ceremonies and music festivals.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- Physical Activity: WHO defines physical activity as any
bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that
require energy expenditure – including activities
undertaken while working, playing, carrying out
household chores, travelling, and engaging in
recreational pursuits.
- Exercise: Exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or
maintains physical fitness and overall health and
wellness.
- Eating Habits: Refers to why and how people eat, which
foods they eat, and with whom they eat, as well as the
ways people obtain, store, use, and discard food. It only
goes wrong if we consume less or more that our body
 needs; also when we eat unhealthy food. This can lead
to being underweight, overweight or even obese.
Hip-Hop
- Hip-hop dances are also referred as street dances.
- Best known for its impact in the form of the musical
genre of the same name.
- Found in the Bronx, New York City, in 1970.
- Among the performers are:
1. African Americans
2. Latin Americans
- Hip-hop culture is most likely DJing, Rapping,
Breakdancing and Graffiti art
Hip-Hop Styles
1. B-Boying: Also known as Breakdancing. The first hip-hop
dance style that originated among Black and Puerto
Rican youths in New York City during the early 1970s.
2. Popping: Popping forces parts of your body outwards,
similar to an explosion within parts of your body. Popping
also contracts muscles, but it is followed by relaxation
that gives it the jerking appearance of popping.
3. Locking: Locking can be identify by its distinctive stops.
Usually performed by stopping the fast movement that
you are doing, locking your body into a position, holding
it, and then continuing at the same speed as before.
4. Krumping: Jabs, arm swings, chest pops and stomps. A
freestyle improvisational dance that is soulful but with
powerful moves, which is often a misconception of angry.
5. Shuffling: The basic movements of the dance are a fast
heel and toe action with a style suitable or various types
of electronic music. Some variants incorporate arm
movements.
HEALTH
Health Trends, Issues and Concerns at the Global Level
- Millenium Development Goals (MGD): The United
Nations Millennium Declaration, signed in September
2000, commits world leaders to combat poverty, hunger,
disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation, and
discrimination against women.
- 17 Sustainable Development Goals: Our shared vision of
humanity and a social contract between the world’s
leaders and the people.
- UN Secretary Ban Ki-moon (2015)
- Global Health Initiatives (GHI): GHI’s are programs set
by the UN through World Health Organization (WHO) in
partnership with the World Bank to combat specific
problems under SDGs.
Some GHI’s spearheaded by WHO are the following:
- Global Fight Against Communicable Diseases
1. Rollback Malaria: Increases the capacity, empower
services and create an enabling environment for
implementation, that responds to malaria illness
appropriately.
2. Stop TB: To prevent further transmission of
tuberculosis or TB around the world, one of the
programs for Stop TB is the implementation of
TBDOTS(( Directly Observed Treatment, Short-
course: a strategy to reduce the number of cases.).
3. Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization: Strengthen
children’s immunization programs. Introduce new
generation of licensed vaccines that reduces the
number of deaths in children 5 years old and below:
a. Hepatitis B Vaccine
b. Childhood Meningitis Vaccine
c. Yellow Fever Vaccine
d. Influenza Vaccine and for Pneumonia
4. Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria: A funding
project rather to prevent, reduce and alleviate the
negative impacts of the 3 widespread diseases to
humanity.
- Global Prevention and Control of Tobacco and Alcohol
Use
1. Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Tobacco:
Provision of Non-price measures and price and tax
measures; to reduce the demand for tobacco.
2. Recognizes the close ties between the harmful use
of alcohol and the socio-economic development of a
nation to regulate and reduce the demand for
alcohol in the prevention and control of non-
communicable diseases.
3. A global action plan to prevent non - communicable
diseases and the unhealthy lifestyle as risk factor.
- Global Initiative for Mental Health
1. Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013-
2020: Addresses the fight and alleviates negative
trends in mental health, improves and provides
accessible mental healthcare services, prevention
of abuse and unjust treatment against people with
mental problems, disorders and disabilities.
- Global Strategy To Respond To COVID-19
1. Mobilize: Ensure every sector of government
communities to participate in the response and in
preventing cases through hand hygiene, respiratory
etiquette and individual-level physical distancing.
2. Control: Rapid finding, isolating all cases, provide
appropriate care, tracing, quarantining, and
supporting all contacts.
3. Suppress: Appropriate and proportionate
restrictions on nonessential domestic and
international travel.
4. Reduce: Reduction of mortality through appropriate
care, ensure the continuity of essential health and
social services, and protecting the frontline workers
and vulnerable populations.
 5. Develop: Development of safe and effective
vaccines and therapeutics that can be delivered at
scale and that are accessible based on need.
Impact of Global Health Initiatives on People’s Health
- Global Fight Against Communicable Diseases
1. Rollback Malaria: Treatment and prevention
interventions were recommended to treat malaria.
Prevention focuses on mosquito control.
2. Stop TB: Medicines to Stop TB is available at the
local health centers
- Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization
The United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF)
launched a program that will increase vaccination rates
among children.
- The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria
Many supports were given to the program.
People with AIDS can treat it as chronic diseases. TB
and malaria incidence have reduced.
- Global Prevention and Control of Tobacco and Alcohol
Use
This program helps protect, regulate, and
educate users the dangers of tobacco to reduce non
communicable diseases.
- Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol
Global strategies focused on public health
advocacy and partnership and production and
dissemination of knowledge.
- Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-
Communicable Diseases
A global action plan to prevent non -
communicable diseases and the unhealthy lifestyle as
risk factor.
- Global Initiative for Mental Health
This program fights, alleviates, improves and
prevents abuse of rights and unjust treatment against
people with mental problems , disorders and disabilities
which are still prevalent around the world.
- Global Initiative to Fight Coronavirus (COVID - 19)
While there is no vaccine to cure this infection
yet, people are advised to wear mask, wash hands often,
use alcohol and follow strict social distancing when in
public place and when there are many people around so
as not to have the virus.
Issues in the Implementation of Global Health Initiatives
- Global Fight Against Communicable Diseases
1. Rollback Malaria:
• Interventions are available but because the
capacity for malaria control is insufficient in
endemic countries and their health system
are often week they are not reaching the
people with the greatest burden of malaria.
• Safe, effective and affordable options are
quickly running out.
• Discovery of new antimalarial is not keeping
pace.
2. Stop TB
• Weak health systems and scarce human
resources are constraints to program
implementation.
• Large numbers of patients, particularly the
very poor, leaving them to the largely
unregulated nonstate sector are often
excludes to the standardized health services
to TB management within the public sector.
• Access to high-quality care for TB patients is
still limited.
- Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization
1. GAVI is currently constituted.
2. Not been able to reach a genuine consensus on the
exact role of immunization in protecting the health of
children in developing countries.
3. Conflict frequently arises between the priorities of
the founders of global initiatives and those of the
countries the initiatives purport to assist.
4. Countries that experience disease outbreaks,
natural disasters, armed conflicts and weak
governance.
5. Countries that experience disease outbreaks,
natural disasters, armed conflicts and weak
governance.
- Global Prevention and Control of Tobacco Use
1. Information dissemination to the public regarding
the health consequences of tobacco use.
2. Tobacco companies taking advantage of trade
disputes to establish and grow their market.
3. Smuggling of tobacco products to increase sales
and profits.
4. Preventing tobacco taxes and smoke-free
legislation through sponsored research and
misinformation and competing interests and
incentives within governments (Bump and Reich,
2013).
- Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol
1. Preventing and reducing harmful use of alcohol is a
low priority among decision - makers.
2. Public health measures to reduce harmful use of
alcohol are in conflict with other goals like free
markets and consumer choice and can be seen as
harming economic interests and reducing
government revenues.
- Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-
Communicable Diseases
1. Escalating costs of healthcare.
2. Unaffordable costs on health budgets.
3. Shortages in the healthcare workforce, at various
levels (specialist doctors, primary physicians,
nurses, allied health professionals, and community
health workers.
4. The availability and affordability of drugs
- Global Health Initiative for Mental Health
1. Lack access to mental health care in high, middle
and low-income countries.
2. Inadequate investments in mental health care.
3. The funds allocated to mental health care are
directed disproportionately.
- Global Health Initiative for COVID-19
1. Health, economic, environmental and social
challenges to the human population.
2. Disrupting the global economy.
3. Nations are struggling to slow down the
transmission of the disease.
Adopting Global Health Initiatives to Local or National Context d. Prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among
children
- Global Fight Against Communicable Diseases: e. Promote healthy lifestyle
a. Rollback Malaria and Stop TB - Global Strategy to Respond to COVID-19 (Local)
(Local/National Interventions/Programs) a. Purchase medical supplies such as personal
1. Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) protective equipment (PPE) masks, gloves,
distribution antiseptics, face shields and gown.
2. Indoor spraying with insecticides b. Frequent handwashing
across all endemic areas. c. Bayanihan to Heal as One Act
3. Community Outreach Malaria d. Lockdown
Treatment e. Cash-aid – DOLE Cash Assistance Program,
4. TB DOTS (Directly Observed Social Amelioration Program (SAP)
Therapy, Short Course f. Mass testing, quarantine, and isolation
- Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (Local/National g. Frontliner workers compensation
Interventions/Programs) h. Universal Health Care (UHC)
a. Conduct a routine immunization for infants,
children, women through the Reaching Every
Barangay (REB) Strategy
b. Sustain the Polio-free status of the Philippines
c. Eliminate measles infection, maternal and THE END
neonatal tetanus
d. Control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis B and
German measles
- Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria (Local/National
Interventions/Programs)
a. Prevention program (including but not limited
to, condom distribution and promotion,
prevention of mother-to child transmission
b. HIV/AIDS treatment (Antiretroviral therapy)
c. HIV/AIDS care and support
d. Improve access to quality care and recovery
e. Indoor residual spraying, community outreach
f. TB treatment, DOTS
- Global Prevention and Control of Tobacco and Alcohol
Use (Local/National Interventions)
a. Increase excise taxes and prices of cigarettes
products and alcoholic beverages
b. Eliminate exposure to second-hand smoke in
all indoor workplace, public places and public
transport
c. Enact and enforce comprehensive bans on
tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship
d. Implement effective mass media campaigns
that educate the public about the harms of
smoking / tobacco use and second hand
smoke
e. Review the current legal minimum age (18
years) for sales of alcoholic beverage
- Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-
Communicable Diseases (Local/National
Interventions/Programs)
a. Immunization and vaccination
b. Preventive foot care for diabetic people
c. Lifestyle intervention
d. Screening for cervical cancer
e. Mammography for breast screening
- Global Initiative for Mental Health
a. Promote over-all wellness
b. School and workplace wellness programs
c. Prevent mental, psychological and
neurological disorders