GRADE 8 SMAW

THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)

Course Description:

This is a specialization course which leads to a SMAW Certificate Level I (NC I). It
covers three (3) core competency that a high school student ought to possess,--namely, layout
beads, performing fillet welding on carbon steel plates & performing groove welding on carbon
steel plates.
The preliminary of this introduction which leads to specialization include the following:
(1) discussion on the relevance of the course, (2) explanation of key concepts relative to the
course, and (3) exploration of career opportunities.

Lesson Description:
The welding process is the most common way of permanently joining metal parts.
Because of its importance, welding is all around you --- from very large to very small things,
from ships and airplanes; to pipelines, bridges and building; to small electronic devices and
medical components, and other structures and products on which we all depend.
This lesson focused on shielded metal arc welding or stick welding, wherein you
manually do the welding process as well as understanding fully its principles.

Content Standard:

The learner demonstrates an understanding of the concepts and underlying principles in

Shielded Metal .Arc Welding (SMAW).

Performance Standard:

The learner independently performs Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) processes
based on market standards.

Learning Competencies/MELCS/Objectives

 Explain the core concepts and principles of Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about the core concepts
and principles of Shielded Metal Arc Welding. Take this test.

PRETEST

NAME:___________________________________________SECTION:_____________
__
 GRADE 8 SMAW
THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)
Instruction: Read the following questions and write the correct answer in the space provided for.

_____1. What does SMAW stands for?

A. Shielded metal ark welding C. Soldering metal arc welding
B. Shielded metal arc welding D. Shielded metal argon welding

_____2. Which of the following is the gap between the electrode and the metal to be welded?
A. Arc C. Circuit
B. Flux D. Clearance

_____3. It is formed to cover the deposited weld metal.

A. Arc C. Flux
B. Electrode D. Slag

_____4. It is a part of the welding circuit that carries the current that flows through the table.
A. Electrode C. Ground connection
B. Electrode holder D. Work

_____5. What is the other name for molten metal?

A. Crater C. Weldment
B. Joint D. Weld

_____6. What is the purpose of the flux covering of the electrode?

A. Protects the metal
B. Helps a better penetration of weld to the metal
C. Forms a shield that protects the weld
D. Help stabilize the arc

_____7. Which of the following is responsible in creating an electric arc?

A. Alternating current C. Electric circuit
B. Direct current D. Electric current

_____8. Which of the following is current carrying part in welding?

A. Electrode holder C. Welding cables
B. Plugs D. All of the above

_____9. What is required to produce an Arc? The continuous supply of _________.

A. Electrode C. Gas
B. Electric current D. Metals

_____10. Which of these is referred to as the path which electric current flows?
A. Closed circuit C. Open circuit
B. Electric circuit D. Short circuit

MOTIVATION
 GRADE 8 SMAW
THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)

Take a glimpse on the 2 pictures of the kind of work welders have.

Question to ponder:

1. What does it take to become a good welder?

What Do You Need To Know?

Read Information Sheet

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc
welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding or informally as stick welding, is a
manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode covered with a flux to lay the weld.

An electric current, in the form of either alternating current or direct current from a welding
power supply, is used to form an electric arc between the electrode and the metals to be joined.
The workpiece and the electrode melts forming a pool of molten metal (weld pool) that cools to
form a joint. As the weld is laid, the flux coating of the electrode disintegrates, giving off vapors
that serve as a shielding gas and providing a layer of slag, both of which protect the weld area
from atmospheric contamination.
 GRADE 8 SMAW
THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)

WELD POOL
The weld pool must be carried along the joint in a consistent width and depth, and the motion
used to carry the weld pool has a direct effect on the quality of the weld bead. A weld made by
starting and carrying a weld pool, without the addition of a filler material, is called an
autogenously weld.

SHIELDING GAS
As the weld is laid, the flux coating of the electrode disintegrates, giving off vapors that serve as
a shielding gas and providing a layer of slag, both of which protect the weld area from
atmospheric contamination.

SLAG

Slag covers protect the molten metal during welding from the surrounding atmosphere. The slag
cover is usually obtained from the coating of the electrode.

For more information kindly visit the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=elmDvqdeMKI

Basic Welding Circuit

The basic arc-welding circuit is illustrated in Fig. 1. An AC or DC power source, fitted

with whatever controls may be needed, is connected by a work cable to the workpiece and by a
"hot" cable to an electrode holder of some type, which makes an electrical contact with the
welding electrode.

An arc is created across the gap when the energized circuit and the electrode tip touches the
workpiece and is withdrawn, yet still with in close contact.

The arc produces a temperature of about 6500ºF at the tip. This heat melts both the base metal
and the electrode, producing a pool of molten metal sometimes called a "crater." The crater
solidifies behind the electrode as it is moved along the joint. The result is a fusion bond.
 GRADE 8 SMAW
THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)

Fig. 1 The basic arc-welding circuit

ACTIVITY

Name: _________________________________ Section: _________

A. Identify the labelled parts of the diagram below. Write your answers on the space provided
below the diagram.
 GRADE 8 SMAW
THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)

1.
4.

5.

2.

3.

1. _____________________________

2. _____________________________

3. _____________________________

4. _____________________________

5. _____________________________

B. Using the diagram above, explain the principle of shielded metal arc welding process. (10
points).

ASSIGNMENT

Name: __________________________________Section:_________

Answer the following:

A. What are other means of joining metals?

 GRADE 8 SMAW
THIRD QUARTER
LESSON 1: CORE CONCEPTS & PRINCIPLES IN SHIELDED METAL
ARC WELDING (SMAW)

1.___________________________
2. __________________________
3. __________________________

4. __________________________

5. __________________________

B. What are other welding processes commonly used today?

6. __________________________

7. __________________________

8. _________________________

9. _________________________

10. ________________________