Alcohol Typically induces insomnia

During intoxication: immediate sedative effect; After the immediate effects - increased
wakefulness, restless sleep, vivid and anxiety laden dreams.
Withdrawal: disrupted sleep, increased amount, and intensity of REM sleep, associated
frequently with vivid dreaming, in extreme form - alcohol withdrawal delirium.
Caffeine Caffeine: insomnia (dose-dependent)
Withdrawal: daytime sleepiness
Cannabis Acute administration: shorten sleep latency, enhances slow wave sleep, suppresses REM
sleep
Chronic users: tolerance to the sleep-inducing and slow-wave sleep-enhancing effects
develops.
Withdrawal: sleep difficulties, unpleasant dreams
Opioids Increased sleepiness, subjective depth of sleep, exacerbate sleep apnoea (respiratory
depressant effects)
Chronic use: insomnia (tolerance to the sedative effects of opioids)
Sedative, Acute intoxication: increase in sleepiness and decrease in wakefulness.
hypnotic, or Chronic use may cause tolerance with subsequent return of insomnia.
anxiolytic Parasomnia in benzodiazepine receptor agonists especially higher doses
substances Abrupt discontinuation of chronic use withdrawal, rebound insomnia (exacerbation of
insomnia upon drug discontinuation) even in short term use
Amphetamines Insomnia during intoxication and excessive sleepiness during withdrawal.
and related Acute intoxication - stimulants reduce the total amount of sleep, increase sleep latency,
substances and and sleep continuity disturbances, and decrease REM sleep.
other stimulants Withdrawal from chronic stimulant use, there is both prolonged nocturnal sleep duration
and excessive daytime sleepiness.