\\

Institute for Construction

Training and Development

SPECIFICATIONS FOR
ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL
WORKS ASSOCIATED WITH
BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING

MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION

ICTAD Publication No. SCA/8

2nd Edition (Revised) - August 2000
Price - Rs. 400/=
 ICTAD PUBLICATION NO: SCA/8

INSTITUTE FOR CONSTRUCTION

TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT (ICTAD)

SPECIFICATIONS FOR
ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL WORKS
ASSOCIATED WITH BUILDING AND
CIVIL ENGINEERING

MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT HOUSING & CONSTRUCTION

Specifications for Electrical and Mechanical Works Associated with Building and
Civil Engineering - Sri Lanka
ICTAD Publication No: SCA/8

1st Edition 1987

2 nd Edition (Revised) 2000 - August

The Government has approved the adoption of these Specifications

for Electrical and Mechanical Works Associated with Building and
Civil Engineering - Sri Lanka as national guidelines and further
directed the Ministries, Government Departments, Corporations and
other state sector agencies to adopt these guidelines in the
implementation of their construction activities.

Institute for Construction Training and Development (ICTAD)

"Savsiripaya"
123, Wijerama Mawatha
Colombo - 7
Sri Lanka.

i
PREFACE TO THE 1' EDITION

The Sri Lanka Construction Industry Training Project under the Ministry of Local Government,
Housing and Construction was established in January, 1981, and some of the objectives of this project
were to:

(a) Increase the effectiveness of work planning and supervision by training middle and upper
Management in Contract Procedures, Site Management and Quality Control.

(b) Improved and streamline the methods and procedures relating to the Construction Industry, to
meet the requirements of the National Development efforts.

This Project was implemented with the co-operation of the International Development Association of
the World Bank.

The Specification for Electrical and Mechanical Works Associated with Building and Civil Engineering
Sri Lanka has been prepared by this Project through a Working Group consisting of the following;

1. Mr. S Mudalige B.Sc Eng. MI Mech E

Senior Assistant Secretary
Ministry ofMahaweli Development

2. Mrs. M de Zilva , B.Sc Eng.

Superintending Engineer (Electrical)
Dept. Of Buildings

3. Mr. C Kumar Bharathie, B.Sc Eng. MIE (SL)

Deputy General Manager
Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau

4. Mr. CJ Hapugoda, B.Sc Eng. MIEE

Chief Engineer (Centralised Services)
Ceylon Electricity Board

5. Mr. R Gurusinghe, B.Sc Eng. C.Eng. MIEE

Chief Engineer (Electrical)
Dept. Of Buildings

6. Mr. Gamini Wickramaisnghe, B.Sc Eng. MIE (SL)

Deputy General Manager
State Engineering Corporation

I thank all, those who contributed towards the publication of this specification document.

DIRECTOR GENERAL - ICTAD

ii
'
PREFACE TO THE REVISED EDITION

The first edition of the Specifications for Electrical and Mechanical Works Associated with Building and
Civil Engineering has been in use since 1987 as a national guideline, by government organizations in
the implementation of their construction activities.

As a result of the developments, which took place in the Construction Industry, it was felt that a review
was needed. Hence this review was initiated in 1996 with the assistance of the IDA of the World Bank.

This review was carried out by Eng. MP Somaratne B.Sc (Eng), Hons, C Eng, MIE, (SL) Post Graduate
Diploma in Environmental Engineering and Management, under the guidance of a steering committee
and a sub committee appointed for the review of ICTAD publications. The steering committee consisted
of representatives of the following Professional and Policy making organizations:

1. The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka

2. Sri Lanka Institute of Architects
3. Society of Structural Engineers - Sri Lanka
4. The Association of Consulting Engineers, Sri Lanka
5. Institute of Quantity Surveyors Sri Lanka
6. Institute of Town Planners, Sri. Lanka
7. Institute of Project Managers Sri Lanka
8. National Construction Contractors Association of Sri Lanka
9. Ministry of Urban Development, Housing & Construction
10. Ministry of Finance
11. Institute for Construction Training and Development (ICTAD)

The sub committee also consisted of professionals from the industry. This revised version of the
specification is intended to cover all aspects of Electrical and Mechanical Works Associated with
Building and Civil Engineering in Sri Lanka and to establish uniformity and consistency in the
procedure adopted and is now presented in a more readable manner with new texts and improved
terminology. Besides, the following changes have been made in this revised edition.

(i) This document originally in three parts has now been devided into four parts as follows;
Part I - General Requirements for Electrical and Mechanical Works
Part II - Electrical Installation
Part III - Air-Conditioning and Ventilation
Part IV - Lifts

(ii) Part I is the new part introduced to the document and has been prepared to generalize an acceptable
practice for all Electrical and Mechanical Installations and to avoid any repetition of it in each part

I wish to acknowledge with grateful thanks the services of Eng.MP Somaratne and all the members of
the steering committee and the sub committee. Meanwhile my special thanks are also due to Rear
Admiral K R L Perera, Mr. G J P Gunawardane, Prof. Lal Balasuirya, Archt. Vidura Sri Nammuni, Mr.
EM G de Zylva, Mr. HD Chandrasena, Mr. S A Karunaratne, Mr. Jayantha de Mel, Mr. AT de S
Gunasekera, Mr. N B M Ranatunga, Mr. K P W Rajasiri, Mrs. Vajira Ranasinghe and Mr. C
Amarakoon who contributed in numerous ways in the publication of this specification. I also wish to
appreciate the assistance rendered by Mrs. W L Lalitha Ranjani for the secretarial work.

I hope that this revised specification will be of use in activities related to Electrical and Mechanical
Works Associated with Building and Civil Engineering.

G �------
[
ma5ala de Silva
Chairman

iii

f
 SPECIFICATIONS FOR ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL WORKS
ASSOCIATED WITH BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING

CONTENTS

Page

Part I General Requirements for Electrical and Mechanical Works 1- 10

Part II Electrical Installations 11- 78

Part III Air-Conditioning and Ventilation 79- 142

Part IV Lifts 143- 172

Annexures 173- 186

iv
 PART -I

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL WORKS

1. Introduction to the Specification

This part of the specification covers the General Requirements which will apply for all
Electrical and Mechanical services installations. For a detailed and complete specification in
respect of a particular services installation, this specification shall be referred along with the
particular specification under the respective services installation and Conditions of Contract,
(SCA/I) published by ICTAD.

Any conflict in interpretation of the specification shall be referred to the Engineer for
clarifications.

2 Standards and Regulations

All materials shall comply with the appropriate Sri Lanka Standard Specifications, British
Standard Specifications, British Standard Codes of Practice or other international standards to
which particular reference is made in the specification for the respective services
installations'.

Alternative specifications may be recognized where such specifications represent a standard

not less rigid than that specified above.

Electrical installations shall comply with the latest requirements of the Ceylon Electricity
Board and the latest edition of the Regulations for Electrical Installations issued by the
Institution of Electrical Engineers - London (IEE Wiring Regulations).

3. Drawings
The Contractor shall prepare all necessary drawings diagrams and schedules for the following
purposes:-

(i) To illustrate in detail the arrangement of various sections of the contract works and to
identify or describe various components.
 Part-I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works

(ii) To integrate the contract works properly with the detail of the building and with the
works of other trades and other services installations.

(iii) To furnish to other trades such information as is the responsibility of the contractor to
provide.

(iv) To locate and identify all necessary test points, access positions for the commissioning
routines.

Drawings shall be prepared to an acceptable Drawings Room Practice. Notations,

symbols, interpretation of levels of pipe lines etc. shall be to an internationally
acceptable practice and should be typical in all electrical and mechanical services
installation drawings. Typical details are given in Annexure A.

3.1 Tender Drawings

Tender drawings shall be based on the design drawings submitted for the purpose of tendering.
The layout of the buildings and its interior shall be reproduced in the tender drawings to a
minimum scale of 1/50 with details at 1/20, and shall indicate the designer's proposals for the
general layout of the intended plant/service. Location of all plant and equipment shall be
clearly indicated with respect to the building layout. Layout of conduit routes and accessories
shall be diagrammatic unless specifically identified and dimensioned. Tender drawings shall
not necessarily indicate every required fitting or similar item that is required for the complete
3.3
installation.

Particular attention shall be made to the general accessibility to the site, the building and other
areas, so as to avoid any major structural alterations during the final installation of the plants
and systems.

3.2 Working Drawings or Shop Drawings

The contractor shall prepare and submit to the Engineer for approval three copies of working
drawings or shop drawings for the mechanical and electrical services installation. These
drawings shall be submitted in sufficient time for approval to be granted prior to any works
commencing on site or manufacturing of any equipment, plant or item.

7
 Works
Part-I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works

The working drawings shall give all setting out details and dimensions of ductwork, pipework
th the
routes, details of supports and typical sections co-ordinating all services in congested areas to a
minimum scale of 1/50 with details at 1/20.

tor to
Signed and approved drawings shall not be deviated from unless a signed variation order or
site instruction is issued in writing by the Engineer.

onung
Amended or altered drawings shall show the nature of the amendment or alteration in a
revision block on the drawing, together with the revision number or letter and the date of the

revision.
.tions,

nally
The Contractor shall be responsible for any discrepancies, errors or omissions in the drawings
vICeS
and other particulars supplied by him whether such drawings and particulars have been

approved by the Engineer or not, provided that such discrepancies, errors, or omissions are not
due to inaccurate information or particulars furnished in writing to the Contractor by the

Engineer.
2ring.
to a
The Contractor shall prepare and submit to the Engineer within twenty one days of
r the
signing of the contract documents a timetable for the issue of all approved shop
ill be
drawings, piping drawings, equipment and plant layout drawings, general layout
ories
drawings and builder's work drawings.
shall
tplete
3.3 Builder's Work Drawings
Builder's work drawings shall give all structural details and finishes, with clear instructions as

to the level of finishes etc. The drawings shall indicate all work to be carried out by the builder
other
for the purpose of installing the equipment, plant, machinery, electrical switch gear, conduits,
lants
cables, distribution boards etc., and shall indicate sufficient details of any holes, openings,
chases, foundation ducts, trenches etc .. Drawings shall be to a minimum scale of 1/50 with
details at 1/20.

rking
In the preparation of the Builder's Work Drawings consideration shall be given to the extent of
hese
work that has been carried out by the builder at the item and the work proposed shall ensure
works
provisions for avoiding any cutting, defacing etc., of the finished work. Any special
instructions necessary, along with the proposed installation programme and procedure, shall
accompany the builder's work drawings so as to enable the builder to prepare himself for the
work.

2
3
 Part- I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works

3.4 Record Drawings

The Contractor is expected to keep one set of white prints of his approved drawings on site
throughout the contract. This set of prints shall be used solely to record the progress of works
and the exact nature of any deviation in the installation from that detailed on the approved
working drawings. The prints shall be kept up to date and shall be available for inspection by
the Engineer at any time during working hours.

At the completion of each section of the work, record drawing is to be prepared by the
Contractor for submission to the Engineer.

The record drawings shall show the position of every item of plant, all pipework, valves, drain
cocks and all items requiring access for maintenance or cleaning and any other item of
equipment forming part of the Services Installation. Where relevant, all sizes, capacities or
ratings of equipment shall be given. All items buried or otherwise concealed shall be precisely
located on the 'As Installed' drawings by means of dimensions taken on site from some readily
identifiable point (ie: main walls of building or finished floor levels). Where necessary, the
Contractor shall also produce sections, elevations and part plans.

5
When all record drawings have been submitted to the Engineer and have subsequently been
approved, the Contractor shall supply copies of these drawings in the following forms:

() Three sets of prints on white paper.

(ii) One set of plastic copy negatives.

(iii) Three sets of 'Reduced' prints on A4 size card.

(Suitable for inclusion in Operating and Maintenance Manual binder, see below).
6
4. Operating and Maintenance Instructions
The contractor shall also submit for approval an Operating and Maintenance manual. This
manual is to include the following items:

(i) Brief description of the services installation.

(ii) Manufacturer's catalogues for all items of equipment forming the installation.

I
 Works
Part-I General Requirementsfor Electrical & Mechanical Works

n site (iii) Manufacturer's operating & maintenance instruction, including a maintenance

works schedule.
roved
ion by (iv) Manufacturer's drawings and spare parts schedules for the major items of equipment.

(v) List of local suppliers and stockists of all items of equipment forming the services
y the installation.

(vi) Copy of testing and commissioning report.

drain
em of (vii) Card mounted A4 prints of the services installation and valve codes and positions.
ties or
cisely The contractor having obtained the Engineer's approval for the operating and
eadily maintenance manual shall supply three copies in PVC covered binders, PRIOR TO
y, the COMPLETION CERTIFICATE BEING ISSUED.

5 Electricity Supply
, been Electricity supply to the premises will be 400 Volts, three phase, four wire or 230 Volts, two
wire at 50Hz. All equipment to be supplied under the contracts shall be designed to comply
with this supply.

The total power requirement for equipment shall be worked out and arrangements shall be
made by the contractor with the Engineer to have adequate capacities to be made available at
the services inlet to the premises well in advance of the period allocated for commissioning of
the plant and equipment.

6 Schedule of Rates
The bills of quantities attached to the tender document is intended to show the general sub-
This division of the items within the required supply and are not guaranteed to be complete. The
tenderer shall therefore ensure that all items of work and material required for the complete
installation are included in the prices quoted.

The rates quoted are to be used for evaluation of tender, and to calculate any variations of the
contract and price adjustments.

4 5
 r
Part-I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works
---
10
. The bill of quantities will include quotation for the tenderer's charges for Inspections and
I
Testing of Work' in compliance with the ICTAD conditions and generally as per clause 16
under this part (part 1) of the specification and in Conditions of Contract - (SCA/I)
! I

published by ICTAD.

7 Materials and Samples

All materials shall be new and in accordance with the types and makes/models described in
this specification and/or as shown on the drawings. Manufacturers where given are only to
establish the standard of material required, any alternatives shall be submitted for approval by
the Engineer prior to award of the contract. 11

Materials shall conform to the appropriate Sri Lanka Standard or British Standard
Specifications where applicable and/or where specified.

The Engineer reserves the right to inspect the materials on the site at reasonable times and to
reject any materials not complying with the specification.

The cost of any dismantling and re-erection of the installation occasioned by the removal of
rejected materials shall be borne by the contractor concerned. This remedial work shall in no
way be allowed to delay the progress of the Contract.

8 Setting out of Works 12

The Contractor shall accurately set out the positions of all items of services installation to
ensure that they are installed precisely in accordance with his approved working drawings.

Any modifications in the services installation arising as the works progress shall be noted in
detail by the contractor and any discrepancies resolved with the Engineer before installing any
part of the installation so affected. The Contractor shall include in his tender an allowance both
for the setting out of the works and any modifications that may arise.

13

4 9 Existing Services
Wherever possible the work shall be executed without affecting the existing services. Where
diversion of existing services is unavoidable details of diversion required shall be submitted to
the Engineer for co-ordination with those responsible for the existing service.

I
 Works
Part-I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works
-----------------
Acceptance of Preceding Work
1s and
Before commencement of work in any section the work already performed by others to which the
1se 16
contract work adjoins shall be jointly inspected by the Engineer and the contractor and any
'A/I) deficiencies or delays in preceding work which would prevent satisfactory execution of work or

performance of his contract shall be notified in writing to the engineer and any modifications or
alterations to be integrated shall be mutually agreed between the Engineer and the Contractor.
Failure to comply with this requirement will be deemed as acceptance of preceding work for the
bed in purpose of Contract and any delays or extra work arising out of it shall remain the responsibility
nly to of the Contractor.
val by

11 Co-ordination with other Trades

The Contractor shall follow closely the progress of the work of other trades adjacent to or
ndard associated with the work of his contract and furnish any information, service or material that may
be required to permit the work of other trades to be attended satisfactorily without conflict or
defacement of the finished work of the buildings.
and to

Where it becomes necessary that the contractor shall complete any part of his work in advance of
his schedule inorder to complete any part of work of other trades he shall do so. No additional
val of payments will be made for complying with reasonable requests for such work.
mn no

The Contractor shall co-operate with the Engineer by complying with the requirement of Contract.

12 Builder's Works
ion to Except where specified and shown on drawings, provision of all holes, openings, chases, ducts etc.
required for the installation of equipment shall be undertaken by the contractor and required pipe
ducts, sleeves, bolts, sockets etc. shall be supplied. The Contractor shall be responsible for the
ted in accurate setting out of critical aspects of all such work and ensuring that all necessary provisions
g any are made and are adequate for the purpose. All such provisions shall be indicated and detailed on
e both the working drawings and/or Builder's Work Drawings.

13 Excavation and Backfill

Unless otherwise specified, the Contractor shall be responsible for excavation of trenches and
Vhere pits required for his work within or outside the building and back filling of same and making
tted to good of any finished areas. All required shoring, bracing pumping and protection for safety of
public property during such work shall be supplied.

6 7
 Part -I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works
-
14 Water Proofing
Where any work pierces water proofing, including water proof concrete, methodology of work
shall be submitted for the approval by the Engineer before commencement of work. In wet
areas sleeves through floors shall be extended 30 mm above finished floor level. Where pipes

pass though water retaining structures they shall have puddle flanges of suitable size as
approved by the Engineer.

Detailed technical information on chemicals proposed to be used for the purpose of

rectification of any damages that may be caused to the structure in the installation of services
17
should have been submitted for the approval of the Engineer and shall be brought to the site
before commencing work.

15 Accessibility
Wherever possible all equipment which must be serviced, operated and maintained shall be
located in fully accessible positions. Such equipment shall include but not be limited to,
control valves, motors, controllers, filters, pumps, electrical terminals, switchgear etc. When
direct access is not possible access panels shall be provided at suitable locations.

16 Inspection and Testing of Work

The Contractor shall arrange with all relevant statutory authorities and with the Engineer for
progressive inspection, and testing of the work completed and have any aspects of the work
which could be disputed cleared at an early stage.

As far as practicable all equipment and fabrications shall be tested in the manufacturer's works
prior to delivery on site. All sections of the work completed shall be tested in accordance with
the appropriate regulations and codes during installation of the works to avoid the necessity for
disturbing the building programme at later stages. No pipes must be lagged, covered in or
otherwise made inaccessible before they have been tested.

Tests carried out shall include functioning of all controls, safety devices and mechanisms
under all conditions and circumstances, normal and abnormal. Measurements shall be made of
all critical dimensions and tolerances, including position alignment and performance of the 18
equipment.

All tests are to be recorded and signed by the Contractor's Senior Representative on site and as
far as possible witnessed by an Employer's Representative.

8
 ' Works
Part- I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works

It is the Contractor's responsibility to see that tests are correctly carried out and that any
f work
remedial measures necessary are effected and a re-test carried out so that on completion of the
In wet
works each and every section has been satisfactorily tested and a complete set of certificates
pipes
forwarded to the Engineer.
ze as

The whole system is to be tested upon completion of building/works and defects are to be
rectified by the Contractor at his expense.
ose of
2rvices
17 Testing and Commissioning
he site
The Contractor shall upon completion, commission and test the system and submit two copies
of a comprehensive commissioning and test report to the Engineer for approval.

Prior to commencement of commissioning a detailed procedure schedule is to be provided by

1all be
the Contractor for the approval of the Engineer.
ted to,
When
Initial start-up and commissioning of the installation/major equipment of the installation as
decided by the Engineer shall be done by or in the presence of the approved supplier. Final
commissioning report shall be witnessed by the supplier. Finally the Contractor shall
demonstrate to the Engineer that the operation and the installation is in accordance with the
eer for specification.
work

All test and commissioning records shall be bound into the operation and maintenance manual
when the system has been successfully completed and witnessed by the Engineer.
works

e with During final commissioning of the plant suitably qualified standby staff shall be provided from
ity for all trades in consultation with the Engineer so that all related services are available during
I in or commissioning.

Upon satisfactory commissioning, the Engineer shall authorise the taking over and will issue
nisms the appropriate certificates in accordance with the conditions of contract.
ade of

of the 18 Spares and Tools

The Contractor is expected to include in his quotations for supplying manufacturer's
recommended spare parts for all items of plant and equipment for two years.
and as

8 9
 Part- I General Requirements for Electrical & Mechanical Works
------------------

Manufacturer's recommended spare parts lists together with any special tools required to

enable maintenance to be carried out are to be submitted for approval by the Engineer prior to

ordering and delivery. The Contractor shall hand over to the Engineer all agreed spares for

deposit in Client's store area, prior to completion certificate being issued.

Chapt
19 Manufacturer's Data
I. I
Manufacturer's data sheets giving type references, performance characteristics, dimensions,
1.2
weights, installation instructions manuals, wiring diagrams, control circuits etc., shall be
1.3
provided for all equipment supplied.
1.3.1
1.3.2
20 Clearing of Site and Final Cleaning 1.4
All accumulated rubbish and unwanted materials shall be removed from the site as the work 1.5
proceeds. Materials, tools and equipment shall be stored in selected locations as agreed or in a 1.6
separate store provided for same. The site and working area shall be kept ciean and tidy. Any 1.7
rubbish and redundant material shall be regularly cleaned and removed from site. 1.8
1.9
Prior to handing over, all remaining equipment, tools etc., shall be removed from the site.

Chapt
21 Initial Servicing 2.1
All equipment shall be maintained and kept in full working order in accordance with the 2.2
Contract for the period of maintenance stated in the main Contract. 2.3
2.4
This service shall be extended to include regular examinations of the installation during normal 2.5
working hours at not less than monthly intervals. Such examinations shall be done by 2.5.1
competent personnel and shall include adjustment, cleaning, replenishment of consumables 2.5.2
and repairs of any defective installations. 2.5.3

An emergency call-back service shall be provided during both normal and after normal hours Chap
of work. 3.1
3.2
22 Defects Liability 3.2. l
Contractor shall make himself aware of the terms and conditions of clauses in the man 3.2.2

contract in this regard. Contractor shall take full responsibility of the services installation 3.2.3
during defect liability period. 3.2.4
3.2.5

10
 Works

PART-II
ired to
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
prior to
ares for
CONTENTS

Page
Chapter 1 - General Requirements
I. I Introduction to the Specifications .. 18
nsions,
1.2 Scope of Work . 18
hall be
1.3 Drawings .. 18
1.3. I Tender Drawings .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 18

1.3.2 Working Drawings or Shop Drawings 19

1.4 Standards and Regulations 19
e work 1.5 Electricity Supply . 19
I or in a 1.6 Materials and Samples . 20
ly. Any 1.7 Manufacturer's Data .. 20

1.8 Accessibility 20

1.9 Setting out of Works 20

:e .

Chapter 2- Wiring System Using PVC for Sheathed Cables

2.1 PVC Insulated and Sheathed Cables . 22
vith the 2.2 Boxes for the Enclosure of Electrical Accessories . 22
2.3 Electrical Accessories 22
2.4 Joint Boxes 22
; normal 2.5 Installation 22
lone by 2.5.1 Plastic Casings . 22
amables 2.5.2 Segregation of Services ...........•..............•...••.................•....•.....•.•..............••...... 23
2.5.3 Protection of Cables 2:3

al hours Chapter 3- Wiring Systems Using PVC Cables Enclosed in Conduit or Trunking
3.1 Wiring Systen1 .. 25
3.2 Steel Conduit and Conduit Fittings .. 25
. .
3.2.1 Protection against Corrosion .. 25
e main 3.2.2 Adaptable and Junction Boxes of Metal .. 25
tallation 3.2.3 Termination of Conduits , .. 26
3.2.4 Spacer Bar Saddles and Distance Saddles 26
3.2.5 Conduit Couplers and Bends 26

-------------------------------------
10 11
 3.3 Rigid PVC and Conduit Fittings .. 26 Chapte
3.3.1 Boxes (Adaptable for Accessories) of Plastic Material 27
6.1
3.4 Adhesive Tape 27
j
6.2 l
3.5 Installation 27 1
6.3
•I
3.5.1 General 27
6.4
3.5.2 Trunking 28
j
6.5

6.6
I
t

Chapter 4 - Wiring System using Elastomer or PVC Insulated Multi Core Cables 6.7
4.1 General . 29 6.8
4.2 Elastomer - Insulated Cables Unarmoured : . 29 6.9
4.3 Elastomer - Insulated Cables - Wire Braided .. 29 6.10
4.4 PVC Insulated Cables - Unarmoured .. 29 6.11
4.5 PVC Insulated Cables - Armoured . 29 6.12
4.6 Cable Supports . 29 6.12.1
4.7 Cable Glands : . 30 6.12.2
4.8 Installation . 30 6.13
6.14

Chapter 5- Switchgear, Distribution Boards, Circuit Breakers, 6.15

Contactors and Busbar Chambers 6.16

5.1 Rated Voltage and Frequency 31 6.17

5.2 Enclosure JI 6.18

5.3 Fuses 31 6.19

5.4 Svvithgear 31 6.20

5.5 6.21
Distribution Boards 32
5.6 Consumers Control Units . . 32
5.7 Moulded Case Circuit Breakers and Enclosures .. 32 Chapte

5.8 Miniature Circuit Breakers 32 7.1

5.9 Busbar Chambers and Busbars 32 7.1.1

I, 5.10 Iron Work for Switch Frames 33 7.1.2

5.11 Installation of Main Switch Gear and associated equipment 33 7.1.3

5.12 Identification of Switch Gear and Distribution Boards 34 7.2

5.13 Serge Protectors and Arrestors

7.3
35
5.14 7.4
Current Transformers 35
5.15 7.5
Low Voltage Main Switch Board (110- 1000V) 35
7.6
7.6.1

----------------------·--------
12
---

LI
 26 Chapter 6- Apparatus Including Wiring Accessories
27 6.1 Accessories ················································································································· 36
27 6.2 Switch Boxes, Socket Outlet Boxes ............................................................................... 36
27 6.3 Switch Plates and Sockets Outlet Plates .. 36
27 6.4 Switches . 36
28 6.5 Cord Operated Switches 36

6.6 Switch with Pilot Lamp 37

6.7 Light Dimmer and Fan Speed Control Switch .. 37
29 6.8 Socket Outlets and Plugs .. 37

29 6.9 Switch - Socket Outlets & Plugs .. 37

29 6.10 Fused connection units for Electric Clocks .. 37

29 6.11 Ceiling Fans 37

29 6.12 Exhaust Fans 38
29 6.12.1 Light Proof Cowls . 38

30 6.12.2 Weather Proof Cowls 38

30 6.13 Shaver Sockets . 38

6.14 Cooker Control Unit 38

6.15 Operating Theatre Power Column .. 39

6.16 Time Delay Switches ..............8..........8............................................................ 39

31 6.17 Insulated Terminal Blocks . 39

31 6.18 Installation of Accessories 39

3I 6.19 Emergency Generators/UPS Systems 40

31 6.20 Power Factor Correction/Harmonic Filters . 40

6.21 Distribution Transformers . 40
32

32
32 Chapter 7-Lighting Fittings and Ancillary Equipment and Lamps

32 7.1 Lighting fitting for use with Tungsten Filament Lamps . 41

32 7.1.1 General . 41
33 7.1.2 Bracket Fittings • •······ • •························ 41
7.1.3 Water Tight Bracket Fittings . 41
33
7.2 Lighting Fitting for use with Mercury Electric Discharge Lamps .. 41
34
7.3 Lamp 1-Iolders ·············· . 42
35
7.4 Ceiling Roses 42
35
7.5 Operating Theatre Lamp •····· 42
35
7.6 Pendants . 42
7.6.1 Plain 42

-·----- I3
12
 7.6.2 Tube 42
10.8 Li
7.6.3 Fluorescent Fittings . 42 In
10.9
7.7 Flexible Cord 43
10.9.1 C
7.7.I Flexible Cords for use with Lighting Pendants and Electric Lighting Fittings............. 43
10.9.2 M
7.8 Flexible Steel Conduits and Adaptors 44
10.9.3 M
7.9 Flexible Non-Metallic Reinforced type Conduit . 44
10.9.4 A
7.10 Ceiling Fittings .. 44

7.1 I Installation of Apparatus and Light Fittings .. 4.4

Chapter
I1.I G
Chapter 8 - Perforated Metal Cable Tray and Accessories
11.2 A
8.1 Perforated Cable Tray . 46
11.2.1 A
8.2 Bends and Tees • ••••·· 46 11.2.2 R
8.3 Installation . 46 11.2.3 D
11.2.4 E
Chapter 9- Bell and Audible Wiring System 11.2.5 R
9.1 Wiring Syste1ns . 47 11.3
9.2 Conduits and 'Trunking ....................8........088808..8888.8................................ 47 11.3 .1
9.3 Cables . 47 11.3.2 R'
9.4
9.5
9.6
Transforn1ers

Electrical Bell, Buzzer and Bell Indicator Board Accessories and Fittings
Electric Buzzer
..

..
47

47

48
11.3 .3
11.4 :
9.7 Bel! Indicator Boards 48 Chapter
9.8 Bell Pushes 48 12.1
9.8.1 Ordinary type 48 12.2 2
9.8.2 Flush type 48 12.3 E
9.8.3 Surface Conduit 48

Chapter 10 - Flame Proof Installation

10.1 General 49
1.
Chapter

a
T
i
10.2
10.3

10.4
Wiring Systen1
PVC Insulated Cables
Multi-Core Cables
.

.
49
49
49
13.3

Chapte
l
I 0.5 Mineral Insulated Cables 49 14.1
10.6 Conduits, Conduit Fittings and Terminal Boxes '.................. 49 14.2
I 0. 7 Apparatus (Fixed) 49 14.3

14

D L
 42 Lighting Fittings .
10.8 50
42 Installation
10.9 50
43
10.9.1 Conduit . 50
43
10.9.2 Mineral Insulated Cables . 50
44 10.9.3 Multi- Core Cables . 50
44 I 0.9.4 Apparatus . 50
44
4.4
Chapter 11- The Protection of Structures Against Lightning
11.l General 51
11.2 Accessories and Fittings 51
46 11.2.1 Air Terminals (Finials) . 51
46 51
11.2.2 Roof Conductors
46 51
11.2.3 Down Conductors
11.2.4 Earth Terminals 51
11.2.5 Ridge Blocks and Wall Blocks :................................... 51
47 11.3 Installation . ·2
47 11.3.1 AirTerminals(Finials) . 2
47 11.3.2 Roof Conductors 52
47 11.3.3 Down Conductors 2
47 11.4 Earth Terminations and Text Points .. $3
48
48 Chapter 12- Earthing
48 54
12.1 General .
48 54
12.2 Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (Residual Current Operated Circuit Breakers) .
48
12.3 Earth Electrode . 54
48

Chapter 13 -Testing
13.1 Testing by Contractor . 55
49 13.2 Testing for the Supply Authority .. 55
49 13.3 Tests & Certificates to IEE Wiring Regulations . 55
49
49
Chapter 14 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations
49 14.1 General 56
49 14.2 Fixing 56
49 14.3 Painting 56

14 15
14.4 Earthing 57
14.11.
14.5 Conduits 57
14.11.
14.5. l Metal Conduits 57
I 4.11.
14.5.2 Rigid PVC Conduits .. 57
14.11.
14.5.3 Conduit Fittings . 58
l 4.11.
14.5.4 Wire Pulling 58
14.11.
14.6 Cable Ladder 58
14.11.
14.7 Cable Tray 59
14.11
14.8 Cable Trunking .. 59
14.11
14.9 Main and Submain Cabling . 60
14.11
14.9.1 General 60
14.1 I
14.9.2 Cable Supports . 60
14.12
14.9.3 Tray Ladder Run Cabling .. 60
14.12
14.9.4 Direct Buried Cabling . 6l
14.12
14.9.5 Ducted Cabling . 61
14.12
14.9.6 Cable Terminations 62
14.12
14.9.7 Cable Identification ····························································:······································· 62
14.1
14.10 Circuit Wiring . 62
14.12
14.10.1 General 62
"'
14.1,
14.10.2 Concealment 63
14.13'
14.10.3 Ring Subcircuits . 64
w
14.10.4 Terminations 64
14.15
14.10.5 Prohibited Installations . 64
14.10.6 Identification 65
14.11 Switch Boards 65
14.11.1 C:,eneral . 65
14.11.2 Construction . 65
14.11.3 Finish 67
14.11.4 Busbars 67
14.11.5 Switch Board Equipment . 68
14.11.5.1 Air Circuit Breakers 68
14.11.5.2 Miniature Circuit Breakers .. 69
14.11.5.3 Rotary Switches . 69
14.11.5.4 Locked Switch and Switchfuses 69
14.11.5.5 Ammeters and Voltmeters 69
14.11.5.6 Fuses 70

16
 57 14.11.5.7 Contactors . 70
57 14.11.5.8 Thermal Overloads .. 70
57 14.11.5.9 Control Relays . 71
57 14.11.5.10 Time Switches . 71
58 14. l l.6 Supply Authority Metering . 71
58 14.11.7 Wiring, Connections, Terminations . 71
58
14.11.8 Distribution Boards . 73
59 14.11.9 Motor Starters and Controls . 73
59
14.11.10 Equipment Identification . 74
60
14.11.11 Inspection and Testing . 74
60
14.11.12 Tools and Spares . 75
60
14.12 Distribution Boards . 75
60
14.12.l General . 75
6l
14.12.2 General Construction . 75
61
14.12.3 Panel Board Equiptnent .' . 76
62
14.12.4 Finish 76
62
14.12.5 Wiring and Connections · .. 76
62
14.12.6 Equipment Identification . 76
62
14.12.7 Inspection . 77
63
14.13 Outlet Boxes • 77
64
14.14 Co1n1nissioning . 77
64
14.15 Record Drawings and Operating and Maintenance Instructions . 78
64
65
65
65
65
67
67
68
68
69
69
69
69
70

--·---
16 17

li
" CHAPTER 1
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Introduction to the Specifications

This part (Part II) of the specifications relates principally to the design, selection, erection,
inspection and testing of electrical installations in and around the buildings and is intended to
provide safety, especially from fire, shock and burns and to ensure satisfactory operation with
a minimum of maintenance over a long period of time.

This part of the specification should be read in conjunction with Part I (General Requirements)
of the specification the conditions of contract published by ICTAD and the particular
specification of the respective services installation and construed as a whole for the complete
specification.

1.2 Scope of Work

This part of the specifications covers the design, manufacture, inspection and testing, erection,
connection, site testing, setting to work, commissioning and energizing the electrical
installations and maintenance during the defects liability period of the contract. It is intended
to provide safety, especially from fire, shock and burns and to ensure satisfactory operation
with a minimum of maintenance over a long period of time.

Co-ordination with the electricity supply authority for obtaining the required power supply at
the premises and payment of all inspection and testing fees shall fall within the scope of work.

1.3 Drawings
Shall be generally as in Clause 3 of Part I of this specification. Only specific requirements
relevant for the electrical installations are indicated below.

1.3.1 Tender Drawings

The Tender drawings shall serve to indicate the general layout of various items and equipment
of the electrical system and cable routes. These shall be diagrammatic unless specifically
identified and dimensioned.

The Tender drawings shall not necessarily indicate every required fitting, elbow, transition
box, junction box, pull box or similar items required for the complete installation.

18
 Part II- Chapter I- General Requirements

Other than in areas of particular importance where branch circuits and associated cables and
conduit routing are shown, the Contractor shall provide all required branch circuit conduit and
cables as required to serve equipment and accessories in order to make the system functional.
1.6

1.3.2 Working Drawings or Shop Drawings

Prior to commencement of any work the Contractor shall prepare and submit three copies of
working drawings or shop drawings for approval by the Engineer. The drawings shall provide
all relevant details and layout arrangements of conduit, cables wiring and equipment.

The drawings shall be prepared to recognised drawing office standards, be properly labelled
and dated, with references for easy identification. The drawings and documents shall show 1.7

conduit and wireways, joints, pull boxes and all features and positions of other switch gear that
are to be installed.

1.4 Standards and Regulations 1.8

All materials and work shall comply with the appropriate latest Sri Lanka Standard
Specification, British Standard Specification, the recommendations of the International
Electro-technical Commission, BS Codes of Practice or Sri Lanka Standard Code of Practice
for electrical installations. 1.9

Alternative specifications may be recognised where such represents a standard not less rigid
than that specified above subject to the approval of Engineer. In cases where there is a
conflict between standards, the Sri Lanka Standard shall apply.

The electrical installation shall comply with the latest requirements of the Electricity Supply
Authority, standard specifications of the Sri Lanka Standards Institution and British Standards
Institution or the Regulations for Electrical Installation issued by the Institution of Electrical
Engineers, London (IEE Wiring Regulation), the current edition being the 16th.

1.5 Electricity Supply

Electricity supply to the premises will be 400 V, three phase, four wire or 230V, two wire at
50 Hz. The neutral of the incoming supply is solidly earthed at the source and connection of

19
 rements
7 Part II- Chapter I- General Requirements

les and the neutral to earth at any other point is not allowed. The distribution system together with the

uit and consumers installation shall form a TT system.

ional.
1.6 Materials and Samples
All materials and equipment supplied shall be new and in accordance with Clause 7 of Part 1
of this specification.

pies of
provide Whenever called for by the Engineer, sufficient number of samples of the material to be
supplied and the materials used in the installation shall be the same and/or identical to the
samples submitted and accepted by the Engineer.

abelled
ll show 1.7 Manufacturer's Data

ear that Manufacturer's data sheets giving type reference, performance characteristics, dimensions,
weights, installation instructions, wiring diagrams etc. shall be supplied for all equipment
supplied.

1.8 Accessibility

tandard Wherever possible all equipment and switchgear which must be serviced, operated and

1ational maintained shall be located in fully accessible position.

ractice
1.9 Setting out of Work
The Contractor shall be responsible for the accurate setting out of the works, in relation to

ss rigid original points, lines and levels of reference given by the Engineer.

re is a
The dimensions given in the drawings shall be checked against actual site measurements and
exact relationship of the adjacent existing structures, services, or works to the proposed work

Supply shall be established. If any errors are found in positions, levels, dimensions, alignments etc.,

andards such errors shall be notified to the Engineer.

ectrical
Where the work of the contract involve installation in close proximity to the work of others
and where there is evidence that the work of the contract will interfere with the work of others,
the Contractor in consultation with the Engineer shall plan out a co-ordinating procedure to

wire at make satisfactory adjustments if necessary with respect to working space, point of connection

tion of etc. In which case necessary drawings shall be prepared and submitted to the Engineer for
approval.

19 20
 Part II- Chapter I - General Requirements

If the installation within the contract is undertaken before co-ordinating with others and as
specified above or so as to cause interference with the work of others, necessary changes in the
work to correct conditions shall remain the sole responsibility of the Contractor.

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.5.1

21
irements

and as
CHAPTER 2
s in the WIRING SYSTEM USING PVC INSULATED OR
SHEATHED CABLES

2.1 PVC - Insulated and Sheathed Cables

Cables shall comply with BS 6004 or BS 6346 (SLS 733 ): Cables can be either copper or
aluminium conductors as per the particular specification.

2.2 Boxes for the Enclosure of Electrical Accessories

Boxes shall be of insulating material or suitable metal and shall comply generally with BS
4662.

2.3 Electrical Accessories

Electrical accessories, cg: switches and socket outlets, shall comply with appropriate Sri
Lanka Standards, British Standards or IEC regulations and Chapter 7 of this specification.

2.4 Joint Boxes

Joint boxes shall be made from non metallic material to comply with BS 4662. They may be
provided with or without brass terminals.

2.5 Installation
Cabling shall run in conduits or cable traces, or on surfaces or structures. Routes shall be
approved by the Engineer.

2.5.1 Plastic Casings

All down and horizontal runs of cables shall be enclosed in casings fixed to walls and secured
with brass screws driven not more than 450 mm apart to dovetailed wooden plugs or PVC rawl
plugs buried in the walls.

Wiring above a horizontal ceiling shall be secured to the roof timbers with wiring clips and
pins spaced not more than 225 mm apart. In semi-permanent buildings or covered ways,
where no ceiling is provided, the wiring shall be the same as for wiring above the horizontal
ceiling.

21
- 22

J
 Part II- Chapter 2 - Wiring System using PVC Insulated or Sheathed Cables

Rigid PVC conduit shall be used to protect cables through walls.

2.5.2 Segregation of Services

Cables shall run at least 160 mm clear of non-electrical services.

2.5.3 Protection of Cables

Cables buried in wall finishes shall be protected throughout their entire length by one of the
following means, as indicated on drawings:

close joint light gauge steel oval conduit having protection against corrosion in
accordance with class 2.

light gauge steel conduit (Class A) complying with BS 31 (plain) or complying with
BS 4568 having protection against corrosion in accordance with Class 2.

rigid PVC conduit complying with Clause 3.3

non-circular conduit of channelling manufactured from rigid PVC.

Ends of conduits shall be so finished as to prevent abrasion of the cable insulation

when cables are being drawn in or out of conduits or connected to apparatus. Bushes
for use with metallic conduits may be of rubber or PVC.

Cables buried in concrete floors shall be protected throughout their entire buried
length by means of heavy gauge welded conduit (Class B) complying with Clause 3.2
or rigid PVC conduit complying with Clause 3.3.

Conduit buried in concrete shall have at least 35 mm. depth of cover over its entire
length. Conduit buried in plaster shall have at least 5 mm depth of cover over its entire
length.

Where conduit is buried in the carcass of a building or in the ground, all open ends
shall be temporarily plugged to prevent ingress of foreign matter, moisture or water
during and after construction.

23
d Cables Part II - Chapter 2- Wiring System using PVC Insulated or Sheathed Cables

Where conduit buried crosses an expansion joint in the concrete, it shall be wrapped
with water-proof building paper for a distance of 300 mm on either side of the joint.

Any alternative method of protecting the conduit against stresses due to expansion
shall be approved by the Engineer.

e of the

osion in

ing with

sulation
Bushes

buried

ause 3.2

ts entire
ts entire

en ends
r water

----------------------------------- 24
23
 CHAPTER 3
WIRING SYSTEM USING PVC CABLES ENCLOSED
IN CONDUIT OR TRUNKING

3.1 Wiring System

The wiring system shall use PVC insulated cables of 300/500 V rating complying with BS
6004 or BS 6346 (SLS 733: 1986) enclosed in

Screwed metallic conduit

PVC conduit

Where other conduit systems are to be used they shall be to the approval of the Engineer.
PVC and metal conduits shall not be used together in the same installation. The wiring system
shall be such that the cables are fully protected. The conduits used shall be of adequate sections
to allow easy drawing 'in' and 'out' anyone of the cables or all cables in the conduit.

3.2 Steel Conduits and Conduit Fittings

Steel conduits and conduit fittings shall comply with BS 31, BS73 l or BS4568 and shall be of
approved manufacture. No conduit smaller than 20 mm in diameter shall be used other than in
instances where only two wires are run in a conduit. The inside surface of conduits and all
fittings shall be smooth and free from burrs and all other defects. The conduits used for surface
wiring shall be heavy gauge screwed seamless steel.

3.2.1 Protection against Corrosion

The steel conduits and fittings installed shall be protected against corrosion to the class of
protection given in the particular specification.

3.2.2 Adaptable and Junction Boxes of Metal

Substantial boxes of ample capacity shall be provided at every junction involving a cable
connection in a conduit system and at suitable points to allow easy drawing' in' or 'out' of any
or anyone of the cables or all the cables in a conduit.

Conduit boxes shall be properly looped.

25
 Part II- Chapter 3 - Wiring System using PVC Cables Enclosed in Conduit or Trunking

If runs of conduits must run from a danger area to a safe area, a sealing device or a stopper box
shall be provided at the point where conduit enter the safe area. These boxes shall conform to
BS 4662.

3.2.3 Termination of Conduits

Where the conduit terminate at a junction box, looping box, inspection box or other metal case,
a screwed socket shall be employed and so arranged as to be in good mechanical and electrical

contact with the metal case with an internal hexagonal brass bush screwed into the socket from
inside the case and the two locked togethe;·. Plain slip or pingrip sockets shall not be used.

3.2.4 Spacer Bar Saddles and Distance Saddles

The surface conduits and fittings shall be fixed to the walls, roofs, ceiling etc., by means of

heavy gauge spacer bar saddles in such a manner that all the cables can be drawn in at any time
after the installations of the conduit pipes.

The spacing of supports shall be as given in Table 1IC of the IEE Wiring Regulations.

In addition, at bends, sets or boxes the conduit shall be fixed on either side.

On girders, the conduit and fittings shall be fixed by means of adjustable girder clips.

3.2.5 Conduit Couplers and Bends

Conduit couplers shall be of the screwed type. Running joints shall be provided with back nuts.
Stock bends shall be formed at site to suit the local conditions.

Radius of every conduit bend other than a bend complying with BS 4568 (Steel) or BS 4607
(PVC) shall be such as to allow compliance with Table 52C of I5th Edition of IEE Regulation
and in any event, the radius of the bend shall be not less than 2.5 times the outside diameter of
the conduit.

3.3 Rigid PVC Conduits and Conduit Fittings

PVC conduits and fittings shall conform to BS 4607: Part l and shall be surface mounted or
buried in the walls or in floor slabs. Conduits shall be mechanically continuous and water tight
so that the cables are fully protected. No conduit smaller than 20 mm in diameter shall be used.

26
 runking Part II- Chapter 3 - Wiring System using PVC Cables Enclosed in Conduit or Trunking

3.3.1 Boxes (Adaptable for Accessories) of Plastic Material

per box
Boxes of plastic material shall be of moulded construction and shall conform to B.S. 4662. The
form to
boxes shall be provided with spouts for outlets and provision shall be made for a brass terminal

for earth continuity conductor. Other types of boxes sh al I be to the approval of the Engineer.

3.4 Adhesive Tape

al case,
Black adhesive tape is used to insulate soldered joints in elastomer cables. In the case of PVC
ectrical
insulated cables, PVC insulating tape and PVC adhesive tapes shall be used to insulate the
:et from
soldered points.
d.

3.5 Installation

eans of 3.5.1 General

ny time The conduits shall be erected and completed before any cables are drawn in. The corners of

conduit pipes shall be turned by easy bends without altering the section. The use of

manufactured bends are not permitted. All metal or PVC boxes for mounting fittings shall be

secured to wall or ceiling at least by two brass screws by an approved method.

Conduit systems not designed to be sealed shall be provided with suitable outlets to drain - off

the moisture condensate within the system.

Electrical conduit shall be distinguished from pipelines of other services by a basic

identification colour in compliance with BS 1710.

cknuts.
All pipework shall be adequately supported by means of standard or purpose made clips so that

no movement or distortion of pipe takes place except that necessary to take up the expansion or

contraction of pipework with the changes in temperature.

3$ 4607

gulation
Flexible or pliable conduit shall not be used as protective conductor.
neter of

Conduits being installed in reinforced concrete floor slabs or columns shall be placed and
securely tied to the reinforcing steel prior to concrete being pored. All conduit ends shall be

completely sealed against the ingress of concrete and immediately following the pouring of
nted or
concrete shall be swabbed out and a pullwire installed prior to the ends being plugged.
ter tight

e used.

26
27
 Part II - Chapter 3 - Wiring System using PVC Cables Enclosed in Conduit or Trunking

The metal conduit shall be bonded to earth to keep the electrical resistance of the conduit with
the earthing lead measured from the connection with the electrode to any other position in the
completed installation not to exceed I ohm. The ends of every earth continuity conductor
whether stranded or solid shall be connected to the conduit pipe by screwed or grip joints to
enable it to give ample and permanent electrical conductivity and mechanical rigidity.

3.5.2 Trunking
Trunking shall be to BS 4678 and be securely fixed and adequately protected against possible
mechanical damages.

Every entry to finished trunking shall be so placed as to prevent the ingress of water or be
protected against such ingress.

Spacing of supports for fixing trunking shall be in accordance with Table 11 D of Appendix 11.
The cable capacities of trunking shall be as given in Table 12E and l 2F of Appendix 12 of
IEE Regulations.

4.3
In every vertical trunking containing cables or conductors internal barriers shall be provided so
as to prevent the air at the top of the trunking from attaining an excessively high temperature.
The distance between barriers shall be distance between floor or Sm which ever is lesser.

4.4

4.5

4.6

28
- --
Trunking

duit with
CHAPTER 4
on in the
WIRING SYSTEM USING ELASTOMER OR PVC
onductor
joints to INSULATED MULTI- CORE CABLES

4.1 General
The details of installations given in the Appendix 9 of the IEE Regulations are to be
possible observed. PVC insulated cables shall be used in all wiring systems unless otherwise specified.

4.2 Elastomer - Insulated Cables-Unarmoured

ter or be These shall be used for voltage of 600/1000 range and shall conform to BS 6899, BS 116 or
BS 6007.

ndix 1H. Butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubber materials shall be used as insulation where
fix 12 of temperature does not exceed 80'€.

4.3 Elastomer - Insulated Cables - Wire Braided

vided so
These shall be used where additional strength is required for the cable (to avoid breaking of the
perature.
cable).

4.4 PVC Insulated Cables-Unarmoured

These shall confirm to BS 6004, BS 6346, (SLS 733:1986) These shall be used where the
0
conductor temperature does not exceed 65 C.

4.5 PVC Insulated Cables-Armoured

These shall generally conform to BS 6346 where armoured cables are laid in ground. Wire

armouring shall be used if the ground is liable to subsidence, to prevent cables from breaking.
If physical damage from stones or workmen's tools is expected steel tape armouring shall be
used.
Whenever XLPE cables are used BS 5467 shall apply.

4.6 Cable Supports

Every cable and conductor used as fixed wiring shall be supported in such a way that it is not
exposed to undue mechanical strain. The method of supports shall conform to Appendix II of

28
-- the IEE Regulation.

29
 Part II- Chapter 4 - Wiring System using Elastomer or PVC Insulated Multi - Core Cables

4.7 Cable Glands

These shall conform to BS 4 I 21 or BS 6121:1973 where appropriate. These shall be installed
SWI
such that the sheath or armour of the cables shall be securely retained without damage.

4.8 Installation
Cables shall be supported by means of insulators, cleats or saddles and clips when used 5.1
indoors.
Unarmoured cables in ground shall be enclosed in metal or rigid PVC conduit.
5.2
Joints of cables to BS 6004 shall in general be made in a joint box or in an accessory. Joints
will not be permitted in BS 6346 cables. Where joints are unavoidable all U.G. joints shall be
made in a resin type joint box. Joints above ground shall be to the approval of the Engineer.

All terminations for BS 6346 cables shall be provided with a cable gland. In BS 6004 cables,
the sheath should enter the fitting or the accessory.

5.3

5.4

30
e Cables

CHAPTER 5
installed
SWITCHGEAR, DISTRIBUTION BOARDS, CIRCUIT BREAKERS,
CONTACTORS AND BUSBAR CHAMBERS

en used 5.1 Rated Voltage and Frequency

The rated voltage shall be 400/230 V,AC and the frequency shall be 50 Hz.

5.2 Enclosures

y. Joints Enclosures shall be provided to protect all equipment against external influences and to have a

shall be protection against contact with live parts.

ineer.
For factory built equipment this requirement is considered to be satisfied if the equipment

cables, conform to the relevant British Standard Specification.

Enclosures provided during erection shall comply with Regulations 412-3 to 412-6 of the

Wiring Regulations. Further they shall provide a degree of protection appropriate to the
environment where they are used.

Enclosure for outdoor use shall provide a degree of protection not less than JP 54 conforming

to BS 5490 (SLS 963: 1992)

5.3 Fuses
Semi - enclosed rewirable fuses shall comply with BS 3036: 1958. Cartridge type fuses shall
comply with BS 88:Part II : 1975 or BS 1361: 1971 or the latest.

5.4 Switchgear
Circuit breakers shall be of the air-break type and comply with BS 3871, BS 4572- Part I and
!EC 157-1.

Air break switches, disconnectors, fuse switches, switch fuses etc., shall comply with BS 5419.
All equipment shall be designed to carry the rated currents continuously and the utilization
category shall be AC 22 unless otherwise specified.

----------------------
31
30
 Part IH- Chapter - Switchgear, Distribution Boards, Circuit Breakers, Contactors Busbar Chambers
---

All switchgear shall be fitted with a reliable indicating device, indicating the position of the
moving contacts if the contact separation is not externally visible.

5.5 Distribution Boards

Distribution boards shall be S.P &N.T.P or T.P.& N as specified in the design.

Fuse distribution boards shall generally comply with the requirements of BS 5486: Part II.

Wooden fuse boards shall be to the approval of the Engineer.

M.C.B boards shall comply with B.S. 5486: Part III.

Every distribution shall be provided with a multi-terminal earthing conductor.

5.6 Consumers Control Units

Consumer units shall comply with BS 5486 Part 3 and shall be fitted with an incoming
switch or a MCCB as specified.

5.10
5.7 Moulded Case Circuit Breakers and Enclosures
MCCBs shall comply with BS 4752 Part I or BS 3871 : Part 11 or IEC 157-1 and the enclosures
shall meet the requirements of clause 5.2. MCCB's shall be fitted with magnetic over load and
thermal circuit protection.

5.11
5.8 Miniature Circuit Breakers
MCBs shall comply with BS 3871: Part I and be provided with thermal overload and magnetic
short circuit protection with time lag features.

5.9 Busbar Chambers and Busbars

Busbar chambers shall be fabricated from sheet steel stiffened and braced as necessary and
shall generally comply with the requirements of BS 5486: Part l.

These shall be rust protected and provided with removable end, top and bottom plates.

The busbars shall be of copper or aluminium of adequate cross section and the design shall be
such that connection can be made by clamping without the necessity for drilling.

--------
32

I
 ambers

of the - Part II- Chapter 5 - Switchgear, Distribution Boards, Circuit Breakers, Contactors & Busbar Chambers

The busbars shall be of tinned copper or aluminium alloy coloured in their respective phase
colour or encapsulated in insulation.

Busbars shall, in addition to being spaced at such intervals to give the necessary air clearance

for the voltage rating, be completely insulated in an approved manner. Primary busbars,

connections and their supports shall be capable of carrying the short time current associated
I I.
with their short circuit ratings for a period of 3 seconds.

The connections from busbars in individual units shall have a continuous current rating of not

less than that of the equipment comprising the unit.

Primary busbars shall be clearly marked and shall be displaced for standard phase sequence
and shall be readily extensible. Busbars where installed shall be rated to withstand at any

position the full fault level related to the largest protective fuse that could be used with the
coming
main isolator.

5.10 Iron Work for Switch Frames

Mounting structures and frames shall be of steel. These shall be of sufficient size and strength
:losures
to ensure rigidity and freedom from vibration and rust protected. All switchgear shall generally
oad and
be fixed to the steel frames.

5.11 Installation of Main Switchgear and Associated Equipment

Factory built assembles shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's installation
1agnetic
instructions.

All cables that terminates on the switchgear assembly shall be provided with cable glands,

clamps, cable end boxes etc., as required by the wiring.

sary and

All conduits, trunking, ducts etc., shall be terminated on the switchgear structure without
impairing the degree of protection provided by the enclosure.

All switchgear shall be ridigly fixed or mounted on DIN rails and should be able to withstand
shall be
the normal thermal & mechanicai stresses and dynamic stresses due to switchgear operation.

All switchgear shall be installed so as to ensure easy of operation and maintenance.

33
 Part II- Chapter 5 - Switchgear, Distribution Boards, Circuit Breakers, Contactors & Busbar Chambers F

Site built assemblies of main switchgear shall generally comply with the above requirements
and shall be to the approval of the Engineer.

5.12 Identification of Switchgear and Distribution Boards

Labels shall be provided for all instruments and components mounted on the front of each
control panel. Where a group of pilot lights and control switches are associated with one item
of the plant a common label will be used which will surround the components of the group.

5.14
Within panels adequate labelling shall be provided using white letterset "Helvetica Medium 24
PT" labelling shall be capital letters on the trunking lids coated with hard varnish for all fuses,
relays, control equipment etc. Such labelling shall correspond in detail with item numbers for

additional identification of equipment. 5.15

Where the operation of switch gear and control gear cannot be obtained by the operator and
where this might cause a danger, a suitable indicator, complying with BS 4099 where

applicable shall be fixed in a position visible to the operator.

Protective devices shall be arranged and identified so that the circuit protected may be easily
recognised; for this purpose it may be convenient to group them in distribution boards.

Diagrams, charts or tables shall be provided indicating in particular symbols conforming to BS

3939. (Please see Annexure B)

the type of composition of circuits (Points of utilisation served, number and size of
conductors type of wiring, and

the information necessary for the identification of devices performing the function of

protection, isolation and switching and their locations, and

a description of earth protection afforded.

Every item of equipment or enclosure within which a voltage exceeding 250 volts exists and
where the pressure of such a voltage would not normally be expected, shall be so arranged that
before access is gained to live parts a warning of the maximum voltage present is clearly
visible.

34
 umbers Part II - Chapter 5 - Switchgear, Distribution Boards, Circuit Breakers, Contactors & Busbar Chambers

ments Access should be restricted by an appropriate transparent material on which the voltage

underneath is clearly marked.

5.13 Surge Protectors and Arrestors

f each Surge protectors and arrestors to be used in the installation shall comply with the requirements
e item of IEC 801-5.
1p.

5.14 Current Transformers

ium 24 Current Transformers provided for monitoring and controlling and protection should be in
fuses, accordance with IEC 44.
ers for

5.15 Low Voltage Main Switch Board (110- 1000V)

Main switch boards shall conform to IEC 439, 1-3. The enclosure and switch gear inside
tor and
assembly should be designed to withstand mechanical stress in case of a severe fault condition.
where
The degree of protection of enclosures shall conform to the l EC 529 and meet the specified

requirements.

2 easily

g to BS

size of

ction of

ists and

ged that
s clearly

34 ------------------------ 35
 CHAPTER 6
APPARATUS INCLUDING WIRING ACCESSORIES

6.1 Accessories
All accessories if not made in accordance with the requirements of other British Standards
shall comply with the requirements of BS 5733.

6.2 Switch Boxes, Socket Outlet Boxes

Boxes shall conform to the requirements of BS 4662. In PVC insulated, PVC sheathed
wiring systems boxes may be of wood.

The wooden boxes shall be of Halmilla or Teak or other approved hard wood, square or
rectangular in shape, with a fully covered back having a wall thickness of 10 mm all round and
be suitable to accommodate flush type switches, bell pushes, socket outlets etc.,

For steel conduit wiring systems the boxes shall be of cast iron or steel.

For PVC conduit wiring system the boxes shall be of moulded plastic, steel or cast iron.

6.3 Switch Plates and Socket Outlet Plates

Switch plates and socket outlet plates if of insulating material shall have a thickness of not less
than 2 mm and if metal shall have a thickness of not less than mm. The plates shall
completely overlap the box.

6.4 Switches
Switches shall comply with BS 3676 or SLS 1000 and of the quick-break, quick make type.
Switches shall generally be of the all insulated pattern unless associated with a metallic conduit
system.

6.5 Cord Operated Switches

Cord operated switches for ceiling mounting shall comply with BS 3676 and the cord shall be
of insulating material. The cord switch shalt have a strong mechanical action and operate with
single pulls on the cord.

36
 Part II- Chapter 6 - Apparatus including Wiring Accessories

6.6 Switches with Pilot Lamp

These shall be similar to items described in Clause 6.4 and provided with the pilot lamp to
indicate when the switch is on.

6.7 Light Dimmer and Fan Speed Control Switch

These shall be to BS 4743 and BS 55 I 8 and shall be suitable for use with incandescent or
fluorescent lamps with circuit modification or for fan speed control.

6.12
6.8 Socket Outlets and Plugs
These shall conform to BS 1778, BS 4343 Parts 2,5 and 15 or SLS 948: Part 1. Socket outlets
and plugs of the shuttered type shall conform to BS 546 or to the equivalent Sri Lanka
Standard.

13A socket outlets and plugs shall conform to BS 1363 (SLS 734:1986)

6.9 Switch- Socket Outlets and Plugs

Switch socket- outlets shall be of the all insulated pattern and shall incorporate a single pole
switch in the live conductor. Socket outlets and plugs shall conform to the requirements of BS 6.12.
546, BS 1363 (SLS 734: 1986), BS 3676 or BS 5733.

6.10 Fused Connection Units for Electric Clocks

This shall be of moulded plate type suitable for mounting on an insulated or wooden box with
a cord outlet on the front of the plate. The fuse link shall conform to BS 1362 or BS 646 and 6.12.
of 2A rating.

6.11 Ceiling Fans

These shall conform to BS 367. 6.13

The ceiling fans shall be three bladed type 1400 mm sweep if not otherwise specified. The
motor shall be smgle phase 220/230 V, 50 Hz, totally enclosed capacitor type, with grease
packed ball bearing. The fan to be supplied with an insulated shackle, canopy, specified length 6.14
of down rod and a choke type speed regulator. The terminal block on the fan as well as the
capacitor and the fan hook shall be provided with removable covers. The speed regulator shall
be provided with an off position and five running positions and should be capable of regulating
down to 35% full speed.

37
essories Part II- Chapter 6 - Apparatus including Wiring Accessories

The fan hook should be rust protected and subject to the approval of the Engineer. The down
lamp to rod shall be of adequate mechanical strength and the internal diameter shall not be less than 16

mm.

Ceiling fans shall be suspended at a minimum height of 2750 mm from the floor unless
cent or otherwise specified in the design/ bill of quantities.

6.12 Exhaust Fans

The motor shall be of the totally enclosed shaded pole induction or capacitor type suitable for

t outlets use in 230V, 50 Hz, AC supply with grease packed ball bearing having an easily accessible

Lanka lubricator. It shall be controlled by a regulator designed for regulation of speed down to 60 to
70 percent of full speed and the regulator shall be of the series choke type having four speeds
and off positions or shall be controlled off a switch socket outlet. The regulator unless fully
insulated shall be earthed, complete with all necessary connections and fixtures.

The air displacement and sweep shall conform to BS 848:1949.

gle pole
.s of BS 6.12.1 Light Proof Cowls
I

These shall have louvres of robust material, fitted by means of fixing rings and nuts, so as to
restrict entry of light fully but to allow easy flow of exhaust air and fitted to the body of the
exhaust fan by screws.

ox with

646 and 6.12.2 Weather Proof Cowls

These shall have louvres of robust weather resisting material fitted by means of fixing nuts so
as make the exhaust fan 100 percent weather proof, yet permitting of air extraction.

6.13 Shaver Sockets

Shaver sockets complying with BS 3052 shall be used in a room containing a fixed bath or a

ed. The shower. In rooms other than bathrooms socket outlets complying with BS 4573 shall be used.

grease
d length 6.14 Cooker Control Unit
11 as the These shall comprise of a double pole switch of not less than 30A rating complying with BS

tor shall 3676 and a 15A switch socket-outlet having fuse protection or 13A socket-outlets and a pilot

gulating lamp or a mechanical indicator to show weather the supply is 'on' or 'off' and shall be of the
all insulated pattern.

37
 Part II- Chapter 6 - Apparatus including Wiring Accessories

6.15 Operating Theatre Power Column

The whole unit shall be strongly constructed, rigidly installed and wired to one phase of the
supply. The number of SA and 15A socket outlets shall be as specified in the bill of
quantities/design. The complete fittings shall be smoothly finished without rough or sharp
edges for easy cleaning with pin um and two coats of enamel paint.

6.16 Time Delay Switches

These shall be fully variable type, self starting motor driven, delay action time switches
arranged so that when momentarily energised by a remote push button the contact closes for an
adjustable period of2 to 10 minutes and shall be complete with moulded bakelite case.

6.17 Insulated Terminal Blocks

6.19
To avoid wastage of cabies and to provide looping facilities for wiring bakelite joint blocks
with four or six terminals enclosed in suitable enclosures shall be provided where appropriate.
These shall be of approved manufacture confirming to relevant British Standards.

6.18 Installation of Accessories

All switches, bell pushes and fan regulators shall be installed on the live side of the circuit at a
minimum height of 1350 mm from the finished floor level unless otherwise specified in the
design.

In toilet area where a fixed bath or a shower is used the switch shall be installed outside and
immediately adjacent to the normal access door of the room, or to be operated by an insulated
6.20
cord.

All socket-outlets except in a toilet, kitchen or operating theatre etc., shall be mounted at a
minimum height of 150 mm from the finished floor level or 150 mm above a working surface
(e.g. in a kitchen, laboratory etc., unless otherwise specified).
6.21

In a room where a shower or a fixed bath is installed only shaver socket is permissible to be
installed.

No two socket-outlets fed from two different phases shall be installed within 2m from each
other. Continuity conductor used shall be 4.0 mm" unless otherwise specified. All 15A socket-
outlets shall be wired of a 2.5 mm of 250 V grade if it is wired of one way of a distribution
board protected by a rewirable fuse.
39
ssories Part II - Chapter 6 - Apparatus including Wiring Accessories
-------------�----------'----�-
All switches and socket-outlets shall be installed on suitable wooden or conduit boxes

depending on the type of wiring.

: of the
bill of
All ceiling fans shall be suspended with a minimum clearance of 2750 mm from the floor
r sharp
level unless otherwise specified in the design. The exhaust fans are fitted in a hole in the wall.

Their direction of rotation should be such as to extract air from the room. Their positioning is

important to get maximum efficiency. Cooker control units shall be of approved manufacture
and be installed by an approved method at position shown in the layout drawing. The rate
witches
for the installation shall include the necessary length of earth wire and the necessary length of
s for an
wire required for installation in accordance with type of wiring specified in the bill of

quantities.

6.19 Emergency Generators/UPS Systems

blocks
Emergency generator and UPS systems shall be utilised according to the requirements as a
opriate.
back -up power source and shall comply with following !EC/BS specifications.

Generator IEC 341, BS 4999

zuit at a
Engine & Governor BS 5514 and BS 6514 respectively.
l in the

The sound level of the generator should be within the specified limits of environmental

requirements.
side and
sulated
6.20 Power Factor Correction/ Harmonic Filters
Power Factor Correction should be done to compensate reactive power in LY /HY installation.

Capacitor banks and switchgear shall be in compliance with IEC 70, IEC 947 : Part I.
ted at a
Harmonic filters provided, if any, shall comply with IEC 146 or IEC 1000/4.
surface

6.21 Distribution Transformers

These shall be in compliance with following specifications.
le to be

Oil Filled Transformers IEC 76

m each
Dry Type (Cast Resin) Transformers IEC720
socket-
tribution

39 40
 CHAPTER 7
LIGHTING FITTINGS AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT AND LAMPS

7.1 Lighting Fittings for use with Tungsten Filament Lamps

7.1.1 General
Lighting fittings for use with tungsten filament lamps unless otherwise specified in the

particular specification shall be as follows. The lamp holders shall comply with BS 5042 and
be to customer's choice. Provisions for earthing should be made available appropriately.

7.1.2 Bracket Fittings

These shall be in accordance with the relevant British Standard, and be to customer's choice or
as in design/ bill of quantities.

A plastic or glass bell shaped shade having a depth not less than 200 mm and bottom
diameter not less than 160 mm shall be used complete with all necessary accessories and
fixtures and be provided with lamps of 75 watts, maximum.

7.1.3 Water Tight Bracket Fittings

These shall comply with the relevant British Standards and be to customer's choice or as in
design/ bill of quantities. These shall have reflectors of non-corrodible non-tarnishing material
finished with aluminium colour outside and white store enamel inside, and shall have clear
well glass covers with rubber gaskets. Fittings shall be perfectly water tight.

These shall be mounted on a suitable size mounting block or on a conduit box depending on
the type of wiring complete with all necessary wiring connections, accessories and fixtures.

7.2 Lighting Fittings for Use with Mercury Electric Discharge Lamps
Each fitting shall consist of an outdoor type mercury vapour lamp with choke and capacitor
housed in a steel box. The lamp shall be complete with a gallery and shade mounted on a
suitable bracket which shall be fixed to the wall or to a pole by means of suitable clamps as
specified in design/ bill of quantities as per clients choice. Earthing and power factor
correction should be provided.

41
 Part II- Chapter 7 - Lighting Fittings & Ancillary Equipment & Lamps

7.3 Lamp Holders

Bayonet lamp holders shall comply with the requirements of BS 5042 (SLS 138) These shall
be all insulated and of the Type B 15, unless otherwise specified, provided with solid plungers
and a shade ring. If installed inside bath rooms these shall be provided with insulating shrouds.

For lamps of wattage above 200W, approved Edison Screw type lamp holders complying with
BS 5042. Part II shall be used.

7.4 Ceiling Roses

Ceiling roses shall comply with BS 67 (SLS 320: 1974) and shall be of the two plate or three
plate type. Multiple pendant type should be subject to the approval of the Engineer.

7.5 Operating Theatre Lamp

These shall be made of heavy gauge spun aluminium with its outside stove enamelled white.
Each unit shall have two sets of lamps one suitable for use on 230V, 50 Hz. AC and the other
suitable for use on 24V DC.

Al! bright metal parts shall be chromium plated or the reflector of glass silver mirrored and
rigidly mounted to the frame. The lamps for both sets shall be of such a wattage as to give 450
to 600 foot candles on the operating table at a distance of 1250 mm from table.

7.7
7.6 Pendants
7.6.1 Plain
A plain pendant shall comprise a ceiling rose, a length of flexible wire, a suspension type
bayonet lamp holder, a translucent plastic shade of diameter not less than 200 mm and depth
l
of 125 mm together with associated wiring and fixtures. It shall be controlled by a SA switch
and wired with copper conductor of cross sectional area 1 mm2 unless otherwise specified.
7.7.1
j
7.6.2 Tube ]
A tube pendant shall be generally as described above except that the lamp is a suspension type
fluorescent fitting suspended by chains to suit the specified mounting height.
b

7.6.3 Fluorescent Fittings

These shall comply generally with BS 4533. Fittings may be batten or suspension type, 20 or
40 watts, single or twin type and shall comprise of current limiting choke or chokes to assist

42
Lamps Part II- Chapter 7 - Lighting Fittings & Ancillary Equipment & Lamps

starting. Starter or starters used shall be normal or glow type having a radio interference
e shall
suppressor and a power correcting capacitor incorporated in the system. Each fitting shall be
ungers
complete with reflector, fluorescent tubes having bi-pin lamp caps and bi-pin lamp holders all
rouds.
wired internally. The fitting shall be suitable for the use with 230V, 50Hz normal supply.
Suspensions of tubes shall be by rigid tubes or chains fixed to hooks screwed into plugs buried
g with
in the ceiling or any other approved method. Thickness of the sheet metal of the reflector shall
be not less than SWG24.

Batten type fitting shall be fixed direct on to the support by the end of plugs or any other
r three
approved method. The colour of the tube shall be warm white or day light unless specified in
the bill of quantities.

All accessories shall conform to the following British Standards:

white.
1e other
Choke BS 2818
Tubes BS 1853
Starters BS 3772
ed and
Condenser BS 4017
ive 450
Holder BS 5042

7.7 Flexible Cord

Every flexible cable or cord used shall comply with BS 6500 or BS 6007 or BS 6004 where
appropriate. The colour coding of these cables shall conform to Table 52B of IEE Regulations.

ion type The applications shall be as given in Table IO B of the same regulations.
d depth
A switch 7.7.1 Flexible Cords for use with Lighting Pendants and Electric Lighting Fittings
2
ied.
Flexible cords for pendants and fluorescent fittings shall be of minimum size of 0.5 mm ,

PVC insulated and sheathed unless otherwise specified.

ion type Where a flexible cord supports or partly supports a luminaire the maximum mass supported

by the cord shall not exceed the appropriate value indicated below.

e, 20 or
to assist

---
42 --------------------------:3
4
 Part II- Chapter 7- Lighting Fittings & Ancillary Equipment & Lamps

Nominal cross sectional Maximum

area of conductor (mm") Mass
(kg)
0.5 2
0.75 3
1.00 5

7.8 Flexible Steel Conduits and Adaptors

These shall be of galvanised steel conforming to BS 731: Part I and shall be kept water-tight
and be used in special situations such as,

(i) an awkward short run under floor from main conduit line to a light fitting or
(ii) in the connections between motor starter and motor.

Brass adaptors connecting water tight flexible conduit pipes threaded internally to the pitch of
the flexible tube screwed onto the two ends of the flexible pipe shall be used.

7.9 Flexible Non-Metallic Reinforced Type Conduit

These shall be used for final connections to motors, thermostats etc ..

7.10 Ceiling Fittings

These shall consist of suitably shaped ceiling fittings of an approved non-corrodable non-
transishing material and shall have provision to fit one or more bayonet cap lamps to
accommodate a total capacity of not less than 75 watts and shall comprise of necessary
fixtures accessories and wiring.

Fittings shall be not less than 300 mm in diameter and 100 mm in depth and shall be so
designed to prevent ingress of water when mounted in exposed positions.

7.11 Installation of Apparatus and Lighting Fittings

Batten and bracket fittings shall be installed on the wall mounted on suitable mounting blocks
or conduit boxes with necessary brass screws at a height of 2500 mm from the finished floor
level unless otherwise specified in the design/bill of quantities. Connectors shall be used to
connect the wiring to the ceiling batten or bracket fittings.

44
& Lamps Part II- Chapter 7- Lighting Fittings & Ancillary Equipment & Lamps

Pendant lamps and fluorescent fittings shall be suspended at a height of 2500 mm from
finished floor level and shall be wired off a ceiling rose with appropriate flexible cords.

The installation shall be complete with all wiring inclusive of switches etc., depending on type
of wiring.

The operating theatre lamps shall be wired off a separate way of the distribution board and
controlled off a SA switch installed as specified in the design of light fittings. Specially if

ter-tight flush mounted and totally enclosed or required to be provided with heat-resisting insulation

suitable for the temperatures likely to be encountered, heat resisting sleeves shall be fitted over
the individual cores to prevent a short circuit between conductors or an earth fault. Similar
method should be used for accessories and appliances which are subject to such conditions.

pitch of

ble non-

amps to
ecessary

all be so

g blocks
1ed floor
: used to

44 45
 CHAPTER 8
PERFORATED METAL CABLE TRAYS AND ACCESSORIES

8.1 Perforated Cable Trays

Cable trays shall be fabricated from galvanised sheet steel of thickness not less than 2.5 mm
and shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.

8.2 Bends and Tees

All bends shall be formed at site to suit the local conditions. Factory made tees shall be subject
to the approval of the Engineer.

8.3 Installation
Cable trays may be suspended from the ceiling, roof girders or fixed to the walls by means of
brackets. At the point of support the bracket or the support shall extend the full width of the
cable tray.

Each bracket shall be fixed to the tray by at least two screws. Connections between lengths of
cable tray shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer. At joints the earth continuity shall
be secured by means of adequate bonds.

46
 CHAPTER 9
BELL AND AUDIBLE WIRING SYSTEMS

9.1 Wiring Systems

Wiring systems shall be separated from other wiring, if it is not supplied directly from the
main supply system. The wiring of the bell circuit shall be similar to other wiring systems.
Unless otherwise specified these shall be concealed, semi-concealed or surface types as

specified in the bill of quantities.

9.2 Conduits and Trunking

The same type of conduit and trunking wiring as for lighting installation shall be used unless
otherwise specified. These wires may run in the same conduit or trunking. If the bell wiring is
fed off from a different source of supply the wiring shall run in separate conduits or trunking or
the bell wiring shall be separated by a continuous partition.

9.3 Cables
Cables used for wiring shall be 1.0 mm2 PVC insulated and sheathed cables of 250 V grade
along with an earth wire, unless otherwise specified.

9.4 Transformers
Transformers shall comply with BS 3535 and have the primary and secondary coils wound
separate with earth protection. One terminal of the secondary shall be arranged for earthing.
Two fused tapping shall be arranged on the secondary giving a voltage of 12. The transformer
shall be mounted on a bakelite case and cover fastened. by screws. The primary coil shall be
wound for 230V, 50 Hz, single phase AC supply and the secondary for 12V giving an output of
1 OVA for a single bell and 60 to 100 VA when used with indicator boards.

9.5 Electrical Bell, Buzzer And Bell Indicator Board Accessories and Fittings
These can be either electronic or electro-mechanical type. In case of an electro-mechanical
device metal bell and the gong should be electroplated.

These shall be suitable for use on 12V, AC 50 Hz., single phase supply or 230V, 50 Hz, single
phase AC, supply or as specified in the bill of quantities.

----------------------------------
47
 Part IH - Chapter 9- Bell & Audible Wiring Systmes
-------------------------

9.6 Electric Buzzer

Electric buzzer shall have cover and base of bakelite with screw pressed iron movement, brass
contact pillar, steel springs and coils wound with enamelled copper suitable for use on 230V,
single phase, 50 Hz, AC supply or as specified in the bill of quantities. 10.1

9.7 Bell Indicator Boards

Shall be electronic type with LCD indicators.

9.8 Bell Pushers 10.2

9.8.1 Ordinary Type
Ordinary type shall be of the low voltage type having base covers and plungers of moulded
bakelite.

9.8.2 Flush Type

Flush type shall be of the low-voltage type having the base plunger and flush plate of moulded
bake lite mounted inside a teak flush box or conduit box of suitable size, with the flush plate 10.3
overlapping the box.

9.8.3 Surface Conduit 10.4

Surface conduit shall be of low voltage type having the base and plunger of moulded bakelite,
with contact springs sliver plated, iron cased and threaded for conduit entry.

The bell buzzer or bell indicator shall be mounted at an easily visible place on a suitable
mounting block or base and wired to bell pushes at different locations including the earth wire. 10.5
Re-setting of the buzzer should be provided at the location.

10.6

10.7

-----------------------------------------
48
; Systmes

CHAPTER 10

nt, brass FLAME PROOF INSTALLATION

n 230,
10.1 General
The flame proof installations shall comply with CP I 003. All circuits within the danger area
shall be adequately protected against over current, internal short circuit and earth leakage
current.

10.2 Wiring System

Wiring shall be any of the following.

moulded Cables drawn into screwed solid drawn seamless or seam-welded steel conduit
lead sheathed steel wire armoured cable with PVC overall sheath
mineral insulated, metal sheathed cable
PVC insulated, wire armoured cable with PVC oversheath

moulded
ush plate 10.3 PVC Insulated Cables
PVC insulated cables for use in conduit system shall comply with BS 6004.

10.4 Multi-Core Cables

bakelite, Multi-core cables shall be PVC insulated, steel wire armoured with a flame retardant, oil
resistant PVC outersheath. The fillers and the bedding shall be of PVC and the cables shall
comply with BS 6346.

suitable
rth wire. 10.5 Mineral Insulated Cables
MICL Cables shall comply with BS 6207 and be provided with a PVC oversheath.

10.6 Conduits, Conduit Fittings and Terminal Boxes

Conduits & conduit fittings shall comply with BS 31 or 38 and shall be solid drawn or
seamless, screwed and galvanized. Additionally, terminal boxes shall comply with the
requirements of BS 4683 or BS 229.

10.7 Apparatus (Fixed)

Apparatus shall conform to the requirements of Clause 217 of CP I 003 as regards construction.
All apparatus shall be intrinsically safe or provided with enclosures conforming to BS 4683.

49
 Part II- Chapter 10- Flame Proof Installation

All intrinsically safe apparatus shall be to the approval of the Engineer.

10.8 Lighting Fittings

Lighting fittings shall comply with BS 4533 - Part II and Clause 7. I of this specification and
11.1
shall be to the approval of the Engineer.

10.9 Installation
10.9.1 Conduit
11.2
Conduit wiring shall comply with the requirements of Clause 405 of CP 1003.
11.2.

10.9.2 Mineral Insulated Cables

MICL cables shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, and Clause
407 of the CP I 003. The fittings shall be to the approval of the Engineer.

10.9.3 Multi-core Cables

Installation of multi-core cables shall be in accordance with the specification and additionally
shall meet the requirements of Clause 406 of CP l 003.
11.2.2

10.9.4 Apparatus
Apparatus shall be installed generally in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and in
positions exposed as little as possible to the substance giving rise to the risk.
11.2.3

11.2.4

11.2.5

50
allation

CHAPTERll
THE PROTECTION OF STRUCTURES AGAINST LIGHTNING

on and
11.1 General
The lightning protection installation shall comply with C.P.326. Radioactive type of lightning

protection are not acceptable.

11.2 Accessories and Fittings

11.2.1 Air Terminals (Finials)
Air terminals (Finials) shall be of phosphor bronze having four sharp points, three of which are
equally around one vertical point, total height not less than 100 cm and diameter of rod not
d Clause
less than 1 0 mm.

All vertical conductors forming part of an air terminal network shall be of phosphor bronze of
not less than l O mm diameter.
:litionally

11.2.2 Roof Conductors

Roof conductors shall be soft annealed copper tape of size not less than 20 mm in width and 3
mm in thickness to the required length.
ns and in

11.2.3 Down Conductors

Shall be soft annealed copper tape of size not less 20 mm, in width and 3.00 mm in thickness
to the required length.

11.2.4 Earth Terminals

Earth terminal networks shall be of hard drawn copper rods of diameter not less than 12 mm or
copper strips of dimensions not less than 20 x 3 mm buried as close as practicable to the
structure to be protected. The earth resistance of the lightning protection system shall not
exceed 10 ohms.

11.2.5 Ridge Block and Wall Blocks

Ridge blocks and wall blocks shall be of non metallic material to the approval of the Engineer.

51
 Part II- Chapter 1H - The Protection of Structures Against Lightning

11.3 Installation 11.4

All sharp bends and up turns shall be avoided. Any bend shall bave a radius as great as
possible. The number of joints shall be minimum and, if a joint is made it shall be brazed.

11.3.1 Air Terminals (Finials)

Finials shall be fixed by steel saddles and brass screws to the non metallic support, the fixtures
of which shall be perfectly water tight.

The roof and down conduction shall be clamped to the lower end of the finials by means of a
ridge saddle. Finials shall project to a height not less than 100 cm above the roof. The scope of
work shall be inclusive of supplying of a finial non metallic support, water tight seal and all
accessories, lead sheet, bitumen, compound cement, plaster etc. and installation of same
complete with all necessary connections and fixtures.

11.3.2 Roof Conductors

Roofconductors shall be run along the roof of the building secured to ridge blocks which shall
be spaced not more than 60 cm apart by brass screws and copper saddles and the ridge blocks
secured to the ridge cement plaster. A sufficient length of roof conductor shall be supplied and
installed complete with necessary ridge blocks, saddles, accessories, fixtures and connections.

All finials, roof conductors, metallic projections such as chimneys, ducts, and vents above the
main roof surface shall be bonded together.

11.3.3 Down Conductors

Down conductors shall be run along walls fixed by wall plugs which shall be spaced not more
than I 00 cm apart, buried in the plaster fastened by means of copper saddles and brass screws.
A sufficient length of down conductor shall be supplied and installed complete with necessary
wall blocks, saddles, accessories, fixtures and connections for the layout of lightning
conductor system.

A combination of strip and rod conductors, reinforcing bars, structural steel stanchions, etc.
can be used as all or part of down conductor system provided proper electrical bonding is
assured from air terminal to earthing point.

52
 Part II - Chapter/ I- The Protection of Structures Against Lightning
---
Lightning

11.4 Earth Terminations and Test Points

Each down conductor shall be provided with a testing joint while not accessible for un-
great as
ed. authorised interference shall be convenient for testing. No connections other than one direct
connection to an earth electrode shall be made below the test joint. An earth termination should
be connected to earth down conductor. Earth termination network should be bonded to metal in
or around the structure and services below ground.
fixtures

eans of a
scope of
l and all
of same

ich shall
e blocks
plied and
ections.

1bove the

not more
:s screws.
necessary
lightning

ons, etc.
ording is

---- ---------------------------------------
53
52
 CHAPTER 12
EARTHING

12.1 General
All conductors and extraneous metal parts of the installation covered by this specification shall
be connected back to the main earthing terminal.

All earthing installations, size of earth wires and bonding shall be in accordance with Chapter
54 of the IEE Wiring Regulations, 16th Edition or latest.

12.2 Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (Residual Current Operated Circuit Breakers)
Unless otherwise specified all Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) shall be residual
current devices. (Current operated ELCBs) and shall comply with BS 4293.

RCD's for computer systems should be of adequate operating current for this purpose. The
socket outlets feeding UPS systems which generate harmonics should have RCDs having a
sensitivity of 300 mA if the UPS system is not provided with necessary harmonic filter
designed in accordance with IEC 146, IEC 1000/4.

12.3 Earth Electrode

Earth electrode shall consist of an earth pipe, earth rod, earth tapes or earth plate buried to a
depth of 2 metres or more in the ground and the earth resistance which shall be less than l 0
ohms tested on a dry day. If this value is not possible to be achieved, devices for earth
leakage protection should be provided.

Minimum cross section of protective conductor in relation to the cross section area of
associated phase conductor should conform to Table 54G of the 16th Edition of IEE Wiring
Regulation.

54
 CHAPTER 13
TESTING

13.1 Testing by Contractor

The Contractor shall be responsible for testing and commissioning of each installation, in
stages if required, to ensure that it is in proper working order and capable of performing all its
functions in accordance with Clause 16 of Part 1 of this specification to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.

13.2 Testing for the Supply Authority

The power supplying authority will carry out tests prior to the provision of supply. It is the
responsibility of the contractor to arrange the test, provide all necessary assistance and obtain
the approval of the authority.

13.3 Tests and Certificates to IEE Wiring Regulations

The Contractor shall also carry out tests as prescribed in Part 7 of BS 7671 : I 992, with
Amendment 2; 1997 (AMD 9781) or the current edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations and
provide Completion and Inspection Certificates.

55
 CHAPTER 14
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR INDUSTRIAL INSTALLATIONS

14.1 General
Specifications in the preceding chapters refer to general lighting and power distribution related
to buildings, whereas 'general specifications for electrical installations for industrial plants,
equipment and services such as air-conditioning and fire protection, pumps, are given in this
chapter.

Provisions of this chapter should be strictly enforced.

14.2 Fixing
All fixings to the building structure shall be as follows.

Timber Galvanised screws in general, but brass screws or where

copper saddles are installed.
Concrete and
Brickwork Rawl-bolts or equivalent with male or female ends or where
appropriate Number 8 galvanised wood screws in plastic
masonry plugs.

Steel work Engineer's cadmium plated screws or hexagonal-round-

hexagon bolts, nuts and washers.
Concrete
blockwork Rawl-plug toggle or metal thread toggle screws.

Interior
finishes Chrome plated brass or steel
Timber plugs for screws in masonry work will not be accepted.

14.3 Painting
The Contractor shall paint all mounting brackets, supports, etc., whether of wood or metal and
where exposed to view or where corrosion/rotting is possible due to environmental conditions.

The paint system shall be appropriate to the material being painted and the colour shall match
the surrounding surface.

56
 Part II - Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

14.4 Earthing
Earthing of equipment, structural steel, water piping etc., shall comply with the IEE
Regulations and any requirements of the local supply authority. All earth wires shall be green,
PVC insulated and shall be installed in accordance with the relevant clauses of this
specification.

14.5 Conduits
14. 5.1 Metal Conduits
The size of all conduits shall be one size larger than the minimum required by the IEE
Regulations for the number of cables to be drawn in, but in no case shall be smaller than 20
mm diameter. All conducting shall be run so as to enable cables to be drawn in after erection.
Sufficient accessible junction boxes shall be provided for this purpose. Inspection fittings are
not acceptable as draw in points.

All joints, junction box lids and conduits entrances shall be totally scaled so as to completely
prohibit the entry of insects or fine particles.
14.5.:

Specifications for the installation of metal conduits shall be as 111 Chapter 3 of the
Specification.

Rigid conduits shall be run directiy into fixed components such as switches, junction boxes,
etc .. Where the equipment being wired may need to be removed for maintenance, e.g. motors,
control components such as flow switches, thermostats and the like, the rigid conduit shall
terminate in a suitable junction box and the final connection shall be made via an approved
plastic covered flexible metal conduit with water tight screwed ends. Water tight screwed
14.5.4
reducers shall be used as required to match the flexible conduit to the equipment entry. The
final connection fitting shall be a barrel union so that conduits do not have to be rotated to
connect or disconnect plant.

14.5.2 Rigid PVC Conduits

Rigid PVC conduit may be used as an alternative to GS conduit unless steel conduit/pipe is
specifically called for on the drawings.
14.6

Where rigid PVC conduit is used it shall in general conform to the installation requirements of
Clause, 14.5.1 together with the following additional requirements.

57
lations all-
Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

Rigid PVC conduit and fittings shall be of normal impact strength manufactured to Class A as
defined in BS 4607 Part I. Rigid PVC conduit shall be used throughout.
e IEE

green,
All joints shall be cemented with an approved cement and fittings shall be rigid PVC Screwed
f this
fittings shall NOT be used.

Rigid PVC conduit shall be securely fastened with approved saddles at a maximum spacing
of 450 mm and where necessary additional saddles may be provided to avoid sagging in the
conduit. Where any straight section of rigid PVC conduit not embedded in concrete exceeds
he IEE
3000 mm in length an approved expansion joint shall be provided for each 3000 mm or part
han 20
thereof along the entire length of the straight section.
ection.
ngs are
All sets and bends in rigid PVC conduit shall be made using approved internal springs of
correct size to prevent any collapse. Conduits in which any collapse of walls is evident will be
condemned.
pletely

14.5.3 Conduit Fittings

All boxes and fittings shall be of galvanised malleable iron, or PVC as appropriate to match the
of the
conduit system. The contractor shall be responsible for the true horizontal or vertical
installation of all boxes and fittings. Where junction boxes are exposed to water or fine
particles, lids shall be sealed with an approved gasket.
boxes,
motors,
Pull-in and junction boxes shall be of ample size to enable the wiring to be neatly diverted
iit shall
from one conduit to another without undue cramping.
pproved
screwed
14.5.4 Wire Pulling
try. The
Prior to the pulling of any wire all conduits shall be thoroughly cleaned by swabbing and a
tated to
careful inspection of all ends made so as to ensure that all burrs have been removed.

All wires in a conduit run shall be pulled at the same time.

Where necessary, an approved lubricant as talcum powder may be used.
t/pipe is

14.6 Cable Ladder

Cable ladders shall be to the sizes shown on the drawing. All ladder systems shall be built up
ments of
from components from a matching range of straights, bends, tees, reducers, supports etc ..

----- 57
----------------------------------
58
 Part II- Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

The ladder system shall be capable of supporting a load of 75 kgf/m along its length over a
span of6m with a vertical deflection (sagging) of less than 50 mm at mid span.

The ladder system shall be of an approved proprietary manufacture of welded or site fabricated
construction using either aluminium or steel components or both. All steel components shall be
14.9
hot dip galvanised. Electro galvanising will not be accepted.
14.9.

Unless shown otherwise on the drawings, ladder runs shall be parallel to walls, ceilings floors,
etc .. Supports shall be installed at centre-line distances not greater than that shown on the
drawings or, where not directed at distances not greater than those recommended by the
manufacturer for the loading concerned.

Ladder installation shall not interfere with other services in the same area.

14.7 Cable Tray

Cable trays shall be of sizes shown on the drawings. All tray systems shall be built up from a
matching range of straights, bends, reducers, tees, supports etc. They shal I be of an approved
14.9.
proprietary manufacture fabricated from minimum 1.2 mm mild steel perforated to between
25% and 50% of the total area. After fabrication the trays shall be hot dip galvanised.

Support brackets for cable trays shall be fabricated and finished as for the tray and provide at
intervals not exceeding 1200 mm. with 2 bolts to each bracket. Bracket shall be fixed to the
wall or other available and approved supports.

14.8 Cable Trunking

Shall be an approved proprietary manufacture complete with all jointing fillets for concealed
lap joints, angles, bends, T section joints, end blanks etc., from the same matching range.
14.9

The trunking and all components shall be fabricated from minimum 1.2 mm machine cut and
folded panel steel. All steel work shall be hot dip galvanised after fabrication.

Unless detailed otherwise, all trunking shall be sized to accommodate all cables installed on
the same route with a space factor not more than 35% of the trunking cross section being
utilised for cable but shall not in any case be smaller than that shown on the drawings.

---------------------------------------------
59 --
ations
Part II- Chapter I4- Electrical Equipmentfor Industrial Installations

ver a
Support brackets for cable trunking shall be fabricated and finished as for the trunking and
shall be provided at intervals not exceeding 1200 mm except where other fixing arrangements
are detailed on the drawings.
icated
all be
14.9 Main and Sub Main Cabling
14.9.1 General
All cables shall be new and of the types specified on drawings and on distribution board
floors,
schedules. They shall be installed in accordance with the methods enumerated below.
on the
Terminating methods shall be as called for in the terminating and wiring clauses of this
by the
specification. Cable routes shown on the drawings or otherwise specified shall not be deviated
from without the express permission of the Engineer.

As an alternative for cable risers, bus bar trunking systems (bus risers) with suitable tap-off
units manufactured and tested according to IEC 439-1 or equivalent can be utilised as
feeders.
from a
proved
14.9.2 Cables Supports
etween
All cables except cables underground shall be fixed with saddles or clamps to the available
structure or support system detailed.

vide at
Upto two cables may be run together and neatly clipped to structures without the provision of
1 to the
cable trays.

Where three or more cables are to be run along the same route, cable trays or other approved
means of support shall be provided.
·ncealed
e.
14.9.3 Tray Ladder Run Cabling
Cables installed on tray and ladder shall be installed straight and true without kinking and so
cut and
arranged that there will be a minimum of crossing over. Not more than two layers of cable
shall be installed at any point. Cables shall be strapped to the tray/ladder with self locking
nylon cable ties at centre line distances not exceeding the following.
alled on
n being
Horizontal runs, cable on top of tray 1200 mm

-----
59 ---------------------------
60
 Part II- Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial installations

Horizontal runs, cable beneath tray or

where tray cross section is in the
vertical plane 300 mm

Vertical runs 600 mm

Where cables leave the tray/ladder run additional approved supports shall be provided and

cables strapped to the support at centre as indicated above. Support methods where not
14
specifically detailed on the drawings shall subject to the approval of the Engineer.

14.9.4 Direct Buried Cabling

Direct buried cables shall meet the relevant clauses of the specification relating to other

installation methods together with the additional requirements enumerated below.

Burial depths and spacings between cables shall not be less than those shown on the drawings.

All excavations for cable trenches, sanding, slabbing and backfilling shall be undertaken by the
contractor.

Cables shall be bedded in not less than 75 mm of washed sand, clear of all stone and other

foreign matter being of 'concreting' quality. Cable covers shall be of reinforced concrete, not
less than 150 mm wide and 40 mm thick and made specifically for the purpose of cable
covering. It is preferred that they be coloured red. Slabs used as cable covers shall project
beyond the cable outer diameter by not less than 40 mm.
14.9

No cable run shall be backfilled until it has been inspected and passed as satisfactory by the

Engineer.

PVC cable marker tape shall be laid continuously over the direct buried cables at a depth of
14.10
300 mm during the back-filling operations.
14.it
14.9.5 Ducted Cabling
Where shown on the drawings underground cables shall be installed in ducts laid by the
Contractor. Prior to commencing of cable pulling the duct shall be fully swabbed out and all
foreign matter removed. All rough edges shall be removed from duct entry and exit points.

61
ations
Part II- Chapter 14 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

A pull wire/rope of adequate section shall be used. All cables shall be pulled into the duct at
the same time. Once pulling commences it shall continue until completed in one shift. Cables
and duct may be lubricated with an approved lubricants such as talc.

Following completion of the pull the upper end of the duct shall be sealed with a butyl mastic
or other approved non-hardening sealing compound.
d and
re not
14.9.6 Cable Terminations
All cables for bolted connections shall be terminated with compression jointed cable lugs, with
a minimum of core insulation stripped back. All surfaces to be jointed shall be carefully
cleaned. For compression joints the correct sized die shall be used and all jointing and
other
termination procedures carried out shall be in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.

wings.
Multi-core wire armoured plastic insulated cables shall be terminated with weatherproof
compression glands. The wire armour shall be securely clamped within the gland and
by the
connected to the earthed switchboard gland plate or bonded to the earth bus bar.

Neutral screened conductors shall be terminated with weatherproof compression glands with
l other
the screen conductors terminated in a crimp lug on an earthed terminal. Bare conductors shall
te, not
be covered with a PVC insulating sleeve. All glands shall be covered with approved boots
f cable
after being made off.
project

14.9.7 Cable Identification

All cabies shall be identified at each end with a stainless steel marker wrapped completely
by the
around and locked in position around the cable and stamped with the cable number shown on
the drawings.

epth of
14.10 Circuit Wiring
14.10.1 General
Circuit wiring shall comply with the relevant sections of this specification together with the
following additional requirements.
by the
: and all
All wires and cables shall be new and shall be brought to the site in their original packages.
ints.
All wiring in which kinks or abrasions occur will be condemned and shall be replaced by
----
61
62
'all-
Chapter I4- Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations_

the Contractor at his own expense. All conductors shall be stranded and be of copper.
1

All wiring runs shall be installed straight, parallel with the buildings axis. All wiring shall be
fixed in a mechanically protected position and with a clearance of not less than 130 mm from
all other services, unless other suitable protection is provided.

Within the limits prescribed above the Contractor shall select in consultation with the Engineer
the most appropriate routes for wiring runs in the building. Unless specifically stated to the
contrary, the drawings should show switching and circuit connections only, not cable routes.

Where the cable route selected will result in a voltage drop in excess of that allowed by the
wiring regulations, the conductor cross-sections shall be increased to the appropriate size.
Conductors shal not, however, be smaller than those shown on the drawings.

14.
14.10.2Concealment
Unless shown or specified otherwise all wiring shall be concealed.

In unlined plaster finished areas without ceiling or wall cavities, PVC insulated cables shall be
provided in conduits cast into in situ concrete work and chased into site blockwork.

ln unlined plaster finished areas with only ceiling cavities wiring of each sub-circuit shall be in
either PVC insulated cables run in concealed conduits and trunking at all points or PVC
insulated and sheathed (TPS) cables surface run in concealed spaces and run in concealed
14.
conduits in the walls.

The Contractor shall be allowed to drill all holes and cut all chases as required and to make
good plaster work where concealed conduits are installed after plastering. Wherever possible,
conduits shall be installed prior to plastering and the Contractor shall co-operate with the
builder to meet this requirement.

TPS wiring surface run in concealed spaces shall be fixed with approved clips at intervals not
exceeding 220 mm to available structures or otherwise to suitable battens or shall be enclosed
in rigid PVC pipe or cable trunking fixed at 1000 mm. Intervals. Generally not more than 4
cables shall be clipped or enclosed bunched together. Any timber used shall be thoroughly
seasoned and chemically treated to resist fungi and insect attack.

63
tions
Part II- Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

14.10.3 Ring Sub Circuits

Ring final sub circuits to socket outlets having conductors in excess of 6 mm shall be looped
ll be
at accessible junction boxes located over each socket outlet location.
from

An unfused spur shall be run from the junction box to the socket outlet.

gineer
In areas with plastered concrete ceiling the junction box shall be cast into the in-situ concrete.
:o the
In areas with removable tile false ceilings, the junction box shall be mounted in the ceiling
tes.
space.

y the
All junction boxes shall be accessible to enable the cable joints to be checked at any time after
size.
installation.

14.10.4 Terminations
Terminations into motors and similar equipment and all terminations on wires larger than 2.5
mm shall be made using approved crimp lugs, unless terminals are specially designed to
accept bare conductors.
all be

Where equipment terminals are designed to accept bare conductors are of insufficient size to
accept the conductors used, the contractor shall either provide copper reducer sleeves and fit
II be in
these to the cables or replace the terminals with those of adequate size.
r PVC
cealed
14.10.5 Prohibited Installations
Cables shall not be embedded directly either fully or partially in concrete or plaster. Cables
shall not be bunched to such an extent that the necessary de-rated cable rating is less than the
make
actual circuit protection setting.
ssible,

·ith the

Cables shall not be fixed in position where they will be exposed to rain, dripping water,
condensation, tar-oil etc., or accumulations of water or oil at high temperature from hot water
vals not
pipes or other sources of heat unless the cables and accessories are adequately shielded or are
nclosed
specially designed to withstand the effect of exposure to water, oi I and heat etc.,
than 4
roughly
No through joints in cables shall be permitted other then in outlet fittings or equipment
terminal boxes, except that where express authority is granted in special circumstance, a

% an
my
maein
be
"eioint an
location.
accessible
in
amorovedtermina!boxfitted
64
 {art- Chapter 14- Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

14.10.6 Identification
Phase identification shall be provided for all cable cores. If necessary to achieve this end,
coloured PVC sleeves shall be provided firmly attached to the cores.

All control and instrumentation circuit terminations shall be identified using engraved plastic
ferrules over every cable core end or by an approved alternative method. The identification of
each core shall be recorded on circuit diagrams.

Screw fixed engraved plastic labels shall be provided on all motor and equipment terminal
boxes, isolating and control switches etc., socket outlets and light switches identifying the
connection number of circuit reference of the outlet as appropriate.

14.11 Switch Boards

14.11.1 General
All switch boards and motor control panels, with the exception only of general light and power
distribution panels, the requirements for which are specified elsewhere, shall meet the general
requirements enumerated in this clause together with any special requirements laid down in
this clause and any special requirements laid down in the detailed specifications given in the
specific specification and shall meet the requirements of BS 5486 : Part I.

The dimensions shown on the switchboard arrangement are typical only. However in the event
that the actual switchboard dimensions vary from those ·shown, it shall be the responsibility of
the Contractor to ensure that the board, as built will fit into the space allotted and is in every
way suitable for its intended propose.

The board shall be built by a vendor approved by the Engineer, who is regularly engaged in the
manufacture of similar switchboards.

Before manufacture is commenced thc Contractor shall provide reasonably detailed shop

I
drawings including layouts and wiring diagrams of the board for approval by the Engineer in
accordance with the provisions of the special conditions of Contract.

14.11.2 Construction
Dependent upon size, the switchboard may be constructed from modular components bolted
together or a custom built board of unitary construction.

65
 Part II- Chapter I4- Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations
lations

In either case it shall be of the metal clad, totally enclosed type. It shall be formed of either
folded and welded sheet steel modules bolted together or from sheet steel panels fixed to a
s end,
steel section frame work. The switch board carcass shall be provided with suitable stiffeners so
as form a completely rigid, flush fronted structure which will not deform during switching
operations.
plastic
tion of
The board shall be sufficiently rigid to be capable of being lifted by either crane or forklift
without damage.

rminal
All folds shall be machine made and all structural frames and exposed seams shall be
ng the
continuously welded and neatly ground off. All flat panels shall have a minimum of IO mm
turn-over on all edges and with welded or equivalent corners.

Each major unit of the switchboard such as main switch, fuse.switch, busbar chamber, motor
starter, etc., shall be mounted in a separate enclosure with metal or flame retardant insulating
power
barriers between each unit. All openings between separate enclosures or wiring connections
general
shall be protected with close fitting bushes. High fault boards (greater than 20 MV A
own in
prospective fault level) shall be provided with adequate explosion venting to prevent any
in the
possibility of operating staff being injured should a major fault develop.

Adequate ventilation with proof against vermin shall be provided. Louvred drip-proof
e event
openings fitted with screens having a maximum of 3 mm mesh shall be provided. All un-used
ility of
openings including the switchboard base shall be blanked off.
1 every

Substantial hinged panels shall be provided for front access to switchgear, fusegear, motor
starters, instruments and controls etc., with additional hinged panels for rear access for main
d in the
internal and out-going connection, where the board is of the rear access type. Door catches
shall be substantial.

d shop
Doors providing access to live electrical equipment shall be interlocked with the main isolator.
ineer in
All remaining doors shall be provided with locking type door handles using one common key
which will fit all locks provided on all panels delivered to this site.

The board shall be designed for the mounting arrangement and the access and cable entry
s bolted specified on the drawings. Adequate wireways shall be provided in a readily accessible

66
65
 Part II- Chapter 14 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

location for cable rails and inter panel wiring. Substantial non magnetic, undrilled gland plates
shall be provided for the glanding off of incoming and outgoing cables. Gland plates shall be
bolted in position and shall be readily removable for drilling on site.

The contractor shall ensure that switchboards can be broken down into several sections of
such size as will pass through the finished building openings.

Thickness of the steel plate shall be not less than 2mm for floor standing panels and wall 1
mounting panels larger than 1 metre square. For smaller wall mounting panels lighter gauge
material can be used. Floor slanding panels shall be fitted with lifting eyes unless otherwise
specified. Where there will be no space limitations at site, panels shall be designed to meet the
following limitations.

(i) Height : 2200 mm maximum

(ii) Length of single sections : 2400 mm maximum
(iii) Longer panels shall be divided for transporation with sections
normally limited to 2400 mm in length. 14

14.11.3 Finish
All components shall be completely fabricated, drilled etc., before painting and painted before
final assembly. All metal work shall be thoroughly cleaned, de-burred, de-greased, all defects
filled and all surfaces and edges brought to a smooth finish.

The switchboard shall be painted inside and outside with a sprayed coat of self-etch zinc based
primer, followed by an undercoat and two coats of hard baked enamel finish, free of any
defect and of an approved colour within the manufacturer's standard range.

The board shall be supplied complete with I litre of paint of the finish colour for touch up
purposes.

14.11.4 Busbars
The switchboard shall be provided with high conductivity copper busbars adequately rated for
the through fault and load current specified in the specific specifications. Busbars shall
preferably be located in a separate busbar chamber but shall in any case be fully insulated with

67
lations Chap!e
{artll- E4- Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

plates phase coloured, solid insulation. Busbar joints which shall be bolted with high tensile bolts,

all be nuts and washers shall be provided with insulating barriers readily removable for joint
inspection and maintenance.

ons of Full length, with removable link neutral and earth busbars, shall be provided. All enclosures
and each section of the board frame shall be connected to the earth bar.

d wall 14.11.5 Switchboard Equipment

gauge The switchboard shall be supplied complete with all equipment necessary for safe and

erwISe functional operation. Equipment not specified in the equipment schedules or elsewhere on the

eet the drawings or in the detailed specification shall be subject to the approval.

All equipment shall comply with the following general requirements. Unless detailed or

approved otherwise, all equipment of a similar type shall be of the same manufacture. Front

panel mounted equipment shall be flush type.

14.11.5.l Air Circuit Breakers

Air circuit breakers shall be fully type tested and shall be adequately rated to break the full
prospective fault current specified. All breakers shall be of the trip free type which can be

I before safely closed manually in the event of a full fault with the closing lever on the breakers.

defects
Unless specified otherwise all breakers shall be withdrawable and shall be provided with a
'test' position whereby trip/close operations can be tested with the main contacts
disconnected. The mechanism shall be interlocked to prevent withdrawal or re-entry in the

e based closed position of the breaker.

• of any
Breakers shall be fitted with either series or shunt or shunt trips as specified, in either case
suitable relaying or other means shall be provided to give entirely independent inverse

ouch up time and high set element settings.

Shunt tripped breakers shall be powered by motor wound springs. Spring stored energy
shall be such that at least two full close/ trip operations can be obtained from a fully wound
spring. Means shall be provided to hand charge the spring in the event of loss of motor
rated for
power.
ars shall
ted with

�------
67
--------------------------------------
68
 Part II- Chapter 14 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations
---------------------

Power for operation of the close/trip solenoid shall be provided by a capacitor stored
J
energy circuit powered from the incoming supply. This circuit shall be so arranged that it
can provide sufficient power for n trip operation within not more than I second after power
is applied and shall store sufficient charge to trip the breaker during a fault dropping the
supply voltage to zero for a period of 10 seconds.

14.11.5.2 Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCB)

14.
MCBs shall conform to BS 3871 DIN rail type.

MCBs shall be rated to withstand the through fault specified. Where required, the use of
backup fuses or fault limiters shail be provided by the switchboard vendor.

MCBs will not be accepted as an alternative for air circuit breakers.

14.11.5.3 Rotary Switches

Load switches may be of either the cam operated or of the wiping contact type. In all cases
they shall be quick make/break and motor rated i.e. capable of breaking a installed motor
whose normal full load current is equal to the switch thermal rating. Means shall be
provided to lock the mechanism in the 'off position. 14.l

Control switches shall be of the wiping contact type.

14.11.5.4 Locked Switch and Switchfuses

These shall be of the double break per phase type and fully type tested. Fuse carriers shall
be of the one piece moulded type and shall preferably be fully withdrawable for fuse
changing purposes. Mechanisms shall be interlocked to prevent the opening of doors
whilst the switch is closed.

14.11.5.5 Ammeters and Voltmeters

Where ammeters are required to meter in excess of 25 amperes current transformers (CT) 14.1
shall be provided. CTs shall be of the ring type conforming to Class I of BS 3938 with 5
ampere secondaries. They shall be mounted over removable sections of busbar or
connections and firmly bolted in place.

Ammeters shall be 75 or 100 mm square as appropriate and of industrial class accuracy.

For main power circuits and out going feeders an ammeter shall be provided with one CT

69
tions Part II- Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

tored per phase. For motor circuits a single CT on one phase shall be provided. Motor circuit
hat it ammeters shall be over scaled not less than 2x.
ower
g the Voltmeters shall be provided where specified and shall be complete with voltmeter switch
reading R-Y, Y-B, B-R, R-N, Y-N, B-N.

14.11.5.6 Fuses
All fuses shall be HRC cartridge type conforming to BS 88 category of duty 440V A2
minimum, complete with fuse carriers and bases etc., of approved manufacture. Motor
use of circuit main fuse and backup fuse for metering and instrumentation circuits and MCB's
shall be fixed directly onto and connected to main busbars.

Except where omission is necessary to comply with other requirements, separate fuses shall
be provided for control circuits and for circuits to power factor capacitors.

I cases All fuse links shall be rated to the appropriate application, with major and minor links rated
motor to ensure adequate discrimination .
hall be

14.11.5.7 Contactors
Contactors for motor and other circuits shall be of the block type, rated to comply with BS
775 for motor starting, category of duty AC 3 continuous operation, with triple pole main
contacts and additional auxiliary contacts as required for control and indication circuits.

rs shall Contactors shall be self-aligning and readily demountable for inspection. Except as detailed
or fuse or approved otherwise, operating coils shall be rated for 240 volts continuous operation.
f doors The whole assembly shall operate silently in the energised condition. Contactors for
monitored earth circuits shall incorporate a gravity operated fail safe mechanism on de-
energisation in the event of failure of release springs etc.

rs (CT 14.11.5.8 Thermal Overloads

8 with 5 All motor circuits shall be protected with current operated thermal overload relays with
1sbar O' adjustable or readily inter changeable elements with a differential single phase prevention
feature, with alternative manual - automatic reset on thermal relays and manual reset on
the single phasing element.
ccuracy
one CT
%« 70
 'awl
Chapter 4- Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations
:'.
Control circuit of the motor shall be incorporated with an over temperature protection

device.

14.11.5.9 Control Relays

All control relays required for general purpose interlocking (as opposed to protection class

relays) shall be of the plug in type and of machine tool operating quality. All relays used
shall be identical. Unless approved otherwise all operating coils shall be 230V AC. All

contacts shall be rated for IO0A inductive load.

14.11.5.10 Time Switches

Wherever time switches are called for they shall be provided with an automatically wound

spring reserve lasting at least 18 hours and shall be suitable for one 'on' and one 'off

operation per day with a day omitting device.

14.11.6 Supply Authority Metering

Accommodation shall be provided for the revenue meters of the power supplying authority

and equipment of suitable size and shape for any of the tariffs which may be offered by th is

authority for the installation. This shall be carried out as detailed and shall consist of an

enclosed cabinet with the switchboard, fitted with an insulating panel for the support of
meters, relays, time switches and terminal block, test links and potential fuses, all of which
shall be subject to the approval of the power supplying authority. A removable section of

busbar shall be provided to suit the mounting of metering current transformers (CTs).
The Contractor shall be allowed to supply CTs or to fit CTs supplied by the power

supplying authority and to complete wiring to meters etc. of this authority.

14.11.7 Wiring Connections Terminations

The board shall be complete with all internal connections between fuses, circuit breakers,
contactors, terminals etc., and shall be provided with any necessary links, wiring loops etc.,

needed for metering purposes by the power supplying.

External connections to fuses and circuit breakers shall be made off directly into the fuse
circuit breaker terminals. Where such terminals are inaccessible suitable busbar
connection panels or heavy duty terminals shall be provided.

External connections to other circuits shall be made off into a rail mounted terminal block

provided by the panel manufacturer.

71
 ions

tion - Part II- Chapter 14 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

The line or live side of all protection equipment shall be at the top of the switchboard.

Wiring within panels shall be carried out in colour coded high grade insulated cables rated to
the manufacturer's recommendation. Wiring upto I 6mm will normally be colour coded as
:lass
follows.
used
. All
Phase connection Red, Yellow or Blue
Neutral Black
Earth Green or Green & Yellow
Low voltage Brown
ound
D.C. Grey
'off

For cable runs, plastic trunking will be used but cables shall. not occupy more than sixty per
cent of the volume to ensure adequate cooling.

hority When cables must be run in looms they shall be retained by cleats designed to prevent damage
y this to the cable insulation. A.II cleats should be screw fixed to the metalwork. Adhesive type clips
of an are not permitted.
ort of

which No single core cable will be used. Control circuit wiring shall be a minimum of 32/.20 mm
.ion of square.
Ts).
power All cables shall be identified at each end by means of colour coded ferrules with black lettering
which shall be cross-referenced in detail on schematic wiring diagrams.

Numbered ferrules shall be provided on all cable cores or core insulation with suitable self-
eakers, identification coding for all external control circuits, and also for all auxiliary instrument and
ps etc., internal control connect.ions longer than 100 mm or otherwise not readily traced visually. The
identification code shall apply the same.

he fuse core number to all points on the same connection which are electrically identical irrespective
busbar of the number of junctions connected together. Such core numbers shall be shown on final
circuit diagrams.

al block All terminal blocks shall be numbered to match the core numbers.

72
 'al- Chapter 14 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations
Terminals blocks for ELY wiring shail be segregated from LY blocks.

14.11.8 Distribution Boards

Distribution panel boards built into the main boards shall meet the requirements of the
Clauses 14.12 of this specification.

14.11.9 Motor Starters and Controls 14

Motor starters shall be fitted with main switch, fuses, contactors, overloads etc., complying
with relevant Clauses of this specification. Where circuitry is not given in the drawings the
switchboard shall be provided with complete schematic control diagrams for the Engineer's
approval, prior to the commencement of manufacture.

Except with the express approval of the Engineer, circuitry shall be such that each motor
starter is totally independent of every other starter, i.e. common control power circuits shall
not be used and there shall be no interlocking, wired directly from one starter to another
unless required for safety reasons. In general the basic control circuitry for any one type of
starter shall be identical and all interlockings or special control features shall be provided in
a separate relay panel with a single contact only being wired back to the motor starter for
operation on automatic control.

Each motor starter shall be provided with a control switch which can be operated in the
following positions:

Panel Enables starter mounted start/stop push button for test purposes.
Off Control power off

Automatic Connects starter to relay panel where an automatic function is

required

Local Enables start/stop push button or other manual control adjacent to 14.11
the driven device.

The fusing arrangement shall be such that main fuses can be withdrawn without removing
control power from the starter to allow full operational testing to be performed without causing
driven plant to operate.

73
 ations Part II- Chapter I4- Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

Power factor correction capacitors which shall be of non PCB filled type shall be provided
individually for each motor. Power factor correction shall be to 0.95.

of the Where reduced voltage starters are required these shall be of the closed transition type.
Star Delta starter will not be acceptable.

14.11.10 Equipment Identification

plying Labels shall be provided for all instruments and components mounted on the front of each
gs the switchboard and control panel. Where a group of pilot lights and control switches are
ineer's associated with one item of the plant a common label will be used which will surround the
components of the group.

motor Within panels, adequate labelling shall be provided, using white letraset "Helvetica
s shall medium 24 PT" capitals on the trunking lids coated with hard varnish for all fuses, relays,
.nother starters and control equipment. Such labelling shall correspond in detail with item
ype of numbers on the panel wiring diagrams.
ided in
ter for An internal layout drawings shall also be mounted on the inside of the access door giving
item numbers for additional identification of equipment.

in the Warning labels will be provided on each door or cover giving notice of any live medium
voltage circuits which will be exposed when the doors are open or when the cover plates
are removed.

Labels shall be engraved on Traffolyte or similar engraving laminate. Unless otherwise

specified black letters on white background shall be provided.

All labels on the outside of the panels shall be fixed by means of 3mm chrome screws.

:ent to 14.11.11 Inspection and Testing

The switchboard shall be complete in all details before testing and inspection. The vendor
shall check and test all equipment and connections ready for inspection and notify the
noving Engineer not less than 14 days in advance of when the switchboard will be ready for
ausing inspection. Engineer shall inspect and test the switchboard in the manufacturer's
workshop. The switchboard shall not be delivered to site without having been inspected,
tested or approved by the Engineer.

73 74
 tions
Part II- Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations
irely
single and multipole circuit breakers are fully interchangeable.
n the

A full height escutcheon plate shall be provided and so mounted that only the circuit
breaker operating toggles project. The panel shall be provided with full width neutral and
earth bars and adequate wire ways. It shall completely cover all terminations, busbars and
with
wiring. The panel shall be provided with a substantially hinged and latched door.

14.12.3 Panel Board Equipment

The equipment provided as part of the board shall be as specified in the specific
.te or
specification, the drawings or schedules as appropriate.
h the

Upto two small relays or contactors for the control of external circuits may be located
behind the distribution panel escutcheon. Where the number exceeds this, or where called
for on the drawings, relays and contactors shall be located in a separate compartment

I ,
which shall be provided with a fixed cover held in position by plated acorn nuts.
1 Sze
Contactors and relays shall be mounted upon a rear gear tray.

14.12.4 Finish
Unless specified otherwise the boards shall have a painted finish with the final colour
being subject to the approval of the Engineer. The standard of the finish shall be in
vided
accordance with that specified in the switch board clauses of this specification.

14.12.5 Wiring and Connections

f such
The boards shall be complete with all internal connections between fuses, circuit breakers,
cture,
contactors, terminals etc .. External connections to contactor controlled circuits shall be
val in
made off into a rail mounted terminal block provided by the panel manufacturer.

All wiring and connections shall be to the same standard as that called for in the
Switchboard clauses of the specification.
ush or
all be
14.12.6 Equipment Identification
Each distribution board and individual equipment such as contactors, relays, etc. shall be
labelled as specified in clause 14.11.10.
·ulated
r fuse
:h that

76
 Chap!e"
-'awl;'-
Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

14.12.7 Inspection
The Engineer reserves the right to inspect the distribution boards prior to their despatch from
the vendor's works.

The Contractor shall give adequate notice of completion to allow for this inspection to be
made.

14.13 Outlet Boxes

All flush mounted outlets and switches shall be mounted on flush boxes and surface
mounted outlets and switches mounted on surface boxes.

Flush boxes mounted in block work walls shall be located in recesses saw cut into the block.
The flush boxes shall be fixed in place before final plaster finishes are applied.

Flush boxes mounted in masonry walls shall be securely fixed and conduited before bonding
concrete is poured. Flush boxes in framed up walls shall be fixed by screwing to studs,
noggings, etc. Where studs or noggings are not available in the locations required, the
coniactor shall install wooden noggings of minimum size 100 x 25 mm. Fixing methods
relying on nails driven through the boxes will not be accepted.

Surface boxes mounted on plaster finished masonry and block work shall be installed prior
to plastering so that in the final installation these boxes shall be semi- recessed in the plaster
work.

14.14 Commissioning
Upon satisfactory completion of all on site test measurements and inspections the Contractor
shall give notice in writing to the Engineer at least 14 days in advance of the intention to
commission the installations ready for foll service and arrange for the presence of all parties
concerned in consultation with the Engineer.

During final commissioning of the plant and installations suitably qualified stand by staff
shall be arranged from all trades in consultation with the Engineer so that all related services
are available during the commissioning.

Upon satisfactory commissioning the Engineer shall authorise the taking over and will issue
the appropriate certificate in accordance with the Conditions of the Contract.
 ---
llations
- Part II- Chapter I4 - Electrical Equipment for Industrial Installations

14.15 Record Drawings and Operating and Maintenance Instructions

h from Shall be as in Part I (General Requirements for Mechanical and Electrical works) of this

specification and shall be submitted to the Engineer in three sets prior to the issue of the
certificate of completion.
n to be

surface

• block.

onding
studs,
ed, the
ethods

·d prior

plaster

tractor

tion to

parties

y staff
;ervices

ill issue

---- 78
77
 PART III
AIR- CONDITIONING AND VENTILATION

CONTENTS
Page
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Specifications for Air-Conditioning
and Ventilation Systems
J. l Specifications and Standards . 84

1.2 Scope of Work 84

1.3 Design Criteria 84

1.4 References to Documents etc. .. .. 85

Chapter 2 Pipe Work

2.1 Pipe Work and Fittings above Ground 86
2.1.1 General 86

2.1.2 Chilled Water Pipework . 87

2.1.3 Refrigerant Pipework · .. 87

2.1.4 Condenser Water Piping 88

2.1.5 Condenser Drains : . 88

2.2 Grading, Venting and Draining .. 88

2.3 Welding . 88
2.4 Pipe Hangers and Supports .. 89
2.5 Expansion of Pipework 90
2.6 Valves and Cocks 91
2.6.1 Drain Cocks 91
2.6.2 Air Cocks 91
2.6.3 Terminal Units . 91
2.6.4 Ball Float Valves . 92
2.6.5 Automatic Air Valves .. 92
2.6.6 Safety Valves . 92
2.7 Pipe Sleeve and Floor Plates . 92
2.8 Strainers 93
2.9 Plugs for Open Pipes and Ducts .. 93
2.10 Flushing and Cleaning 93
2.11 Protection of Pipework 94
2.12 Painting 94

79
2.13 Testing of Pipework 94
2.14 Valve and Equipment Labels 95

Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

3.1 Sheet Metal Duct Work ., .. 96
3.1.1 General .. 96
3.1.2 Design Criteria . 97
3.1.3 Low Pressure Ductwork . 97
�
3.1.4 High Pressure Ductwork .. 100 ]
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Flexible Ductwork
p,;c Duct\vork
Hangers and Supports .........0..88.888888.8.8888...,8...............8.....8.....
Dampers ..... ·
..
.

.
101
101
101
102
,
·1
l1

3.5.1 Control Datnpers .. 102 •

3.5.2 Fire Dampers :······ . 102 •
3

3.6 Access Holes and Doors .. 103

C
3.7 Test ·Holes . 104
4
3.8 Plenums and Casings .. 104
4
3.9 Eli1ninators . 104
4
3.10 Drip Pans .. 105
4

;:
3.11 Diffusers, Registers, Grills and Troffers .. 105
3 .11.1 Diffusers 105
3. I l.2 Registers 105
4.
3.11.3 Grills .. 106 41
3 .11.4 Troffers

:
. 106
3.12 Louvres .. 106
3 .13 Sound Attenuators .. 106 41
4.
3 .14 Flexible Connections . 107
4.
3.15 Connections to Builders Work .. 107
4.
3.16 Fans . 108
4.
3.16.1 Roof Extract Fans .. 108
4.
3.16.2 Window/WallMountedExtractFans .. 1 08
3 .16.3
3 .17
3. l 7. l
Duct Mounted Extract Fans
Other Systems of Ventilators
Hoods
..
..
.
108
109
109
"
4.
4.
4.1
3 .17 .2 Roof Exhausters and Ventilators .. 109

80
 3.17.3 RotoryTurbineVentilators,WindActuated 109

3.18 Air Cleaning Devices 110

3.18.1 DryTypeFilters 110

3.18.2 Spray Type Air Washer 110

3.18.3 Viscous Type Filter , .. 111

3 .19 Test Points and Instruments .. 111

3.20 Kitchen Extract Systems . 112

3.20.1 Ductwork . 112

3.20.2 Volu111e Da111pers . 113

3.20.3 Fire Dan1pers �···· .. 1 I3

3.20.4 Hangers . 113

3.20.5 Ductwork Construction Details .. 113

3.20.6 Grease Eliminator . 114

3.20.7 Lighting 114

Chapter 4-Air Conditioning Plant

4.1 General : . I 15

4.2 Refrigerant 117

4.3 Vapour Compression Water Chillers 117

4.4 Compressor 117

4.5 Refrigerant Circuit Components 118

4.6 Condensers I 18

4.6.1 Air Cooled Type Condensers 118

4.6.2 Water Cooled Type Condensers 118

4.7 Evaporator or Cooler ,......... 119

4.8 Cooling Towers 119

4.9 Air Cooled Liquid Chillers 120

4.10 Chilled Water and Condense Water Circulating Pumps 120

4.11 Absorption Refrigeration .............. 121

4.12 Fan Coil Units 122
4.13 Air Handling Unit 123
4.14 Split type Air Conditioning Units 124

4.15 Package Roof Air Conditioning Units 125

4.16 Guards 126
4.17 Holding Down Bolts 126

-go
81
Chapter 5 - Controls and Instrumentation
6
5.1 General 127
6
5.2 Sensors 127
6
5.2.1 Temperature Sensors (Thermostats) 127
6
5.2.2 Humidity Sensing Elements 127
6
5.2.3 Pressure Sensors (Pressure Gauges) ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 127
5.2.4 Water Flow Meters 128
5 .3 Controls 128
7.
5.3.1 Control Valves 128
7.
5.3.2 Chilled Water Control 128
7.
5.3.3 AHU/FCU Start up and Controls: Recirculation Plant 128
7.
5.3.4 Indicating Panels 129
7.
5.4 Auxiliary Controls 129
5.4.1 Electrical Controls 129
5.4.2 Pneumatic Controls 130
5.5 Pressurised Expansion Tank 130
5.6 Water 'Treatment .......8......88......88.888..8.8088....38..3.8.888.................8............. 13]

Chapter 6- Insulation
6.1 General 132
6.2 Thermal Insulation for Air Conditioning Ductwork . 132
6.2.1 General . 132
6.2.2 Air Conditioned Spaces . 134
6.2.3 Non Air Conditioned Spaces .. 134
6.2.4 Plant Roon1s . 134
6.2.5 External Duckwork . 134
6.2.6 Fittings 135
6.2.7 Supports 135
6.3 Thermal Insulation for Air Conditioning Pipework .. 135
6.3.1 General . 135
6.3.2 Chilled Water Pipework 136
6.3.3 Air Conditioned Spaces 136
6.3.4 Runouts . 137
6.3.5 Non- Air Conditioned Spaces . 137
6.3.6 Plant Roorns . 137
6.3.7 External to Building above Ground .. 137

-
82
 6.3.8 External to Building below Ground 138

6.3.9 Flanges, Valves and Fittings 138

63.10 Supports 138

6.4 Hot Water Piping 138

6.5 Hot Water Pressure Tanks 139

Chapter 7-Commissioning of Plant and Submission of Documents

7.1 Testing and Commissioning 140

7.2 Record Drawings 140

7.3 Operating and Maintenance Manual . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . .. . .. I 41

7.4 Maintenance Tools 142

7.5 Spare Parts 142

--82 83
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO SPECIFICATIONS FOR AIR
CONDITIONING AND VENTILATION SYSTEMS

1.1 Specifications and Standards

This part of the specifications refers to the standards of American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), Charted Institution of Building
Services Engineer (CIBSE) and British Standards. Systems could be designed to one of these
standards and where one standard does not cover the complete aspect of the system design,
other standards could be referred to. Any other equivalent standards could be used in designs
and constructions with the approval of the Engineer.

!n adopting the recommendations of this part of the specifications attention shall always be
placed on the need to optimize the energy consumption and the need to reduce hazards and
minimize effects detrimental to the environment.

All designs and construction works shall follow the latest standards of specification and
regulations. In every respect this specification should be considered as a 'General
Specification' and any conflicts of interpretation of any particular area of the specification
shall be referred to the Engineer for final decision.

1.2 Scope of Work

This part of the specifications generally covers all works related to the supply, installation,
commissioning, testing and maintenance of air conditioning and ventilation systems as
described. The intent of these specifications is that with the completion of the Contract the
whole of the works described will be ready for full time commercial service. The scope of
work shall therefore include all such plant and services obviously necessary to meet this
requirement whether or not particularly described in these specifications.

1.3 Design Criteria

Dry bulb temperatures and wet bulb temperatures of out-side air and in respective areas and
the noise criteria shall be specified.

84
 Part- II- Chapter I- Introduction to Specification for Air-Conditioning & Ventilation Systems

1.4 References to other Document Etc

This specification shall be referred together with the Part I, 'General Requirements for
Electrical and Mechanical Works' and Patt II 'Electrical Installations' in this document,
'Conditions of Contract'- SCA/ l and any particular conditions of the contract. 2
2

85
 2ms

CHAPTER 2
or PIPE WORK
ent,

2.1 Pipework and Fittings above Ground

2.1.1 General
Pipework shall be supplied and installed generally as shown on the drawings and as detailed
below to provide a complete working installation.

Standard fittings shall be used in the installation as detailed below.

Flanges or unions, the latter of the spherical bronze seat type shall be fitted to facilitate
installation and maintenance at not more than 20m intervals and at all connections to

equipment.

Screwed joints shall be made with the approved PTFE tape up to 40mm size and hemp/jointing

compound for 50mm size and above and each screwed joint shall be in accordance with the
appropriate British Standard.

All flanges shall be in accordance with BS 4504 and joints shall be made with full faced

bonded asbestos fibre sheet rings.

Any copper alloy used 111 fittings, brazing rods, etc., shall be capable of withstanding
dezincification.

Runs of piping shall be supported so that a clear space of not less than 50 mm is left between
the pipes or lagging and the nearest wall ceiling or other surface.

Al! reductions in pipe sizes shall be made using standard reducing fittings. Changes in
direction shall be made with standard bends.

All pipes, fittings, etc., are to be cleaned of any foreign matter, open ends plugged during
erection and the complete system flushed out or blown through before putting into service.

86
85
 Part III - Chapter 2-Pipe Work

2.1.2. Chilled Water Pipework

Chilled water piping within the plant room area up to 150 mm diameter shall be in black
heavy-weight steel conforming to BS 1965 or with screwed joints and malleable iron fittings 2.1.
to BS 1387 with welded joints and welding fittings to BS 143 and 1256. Flanges shall
conform to PN 16.
Pipes over 150mm diameter shall be in black heavy-weight steel conforming to BS 806 with
welded joints and welding fittings to BS 1965.

All other chilled water supply and return pipes to air handling units shall be in black heavy
weight steel conforming to BS 1387, with screwed joints and malleable iron fittings to BS 143
and 1256 or in unplasticised PVC conforming to SLS 147, Type 1000. Where suitable, and 2.1.

approved by the Engineer, small diameter connections may be in light gauge copper
conforming to BS 2817, Table X with capillary type fittings.

2.1.3. Refrigerant Pipework 2.2

All copper tubing shall be of refrigeration quality (sealed ends). Joints shall be avoided but
where required and approved by the Engineer shall be interconnected (or expanded) or by
means of copper solder fittings and silver solderes using Bakers soldering flux or Silfos l 5
Alloys solder. Bends shall have an inner radius of not less than five times the diameter of the
tube to avoid crimping. If copper solder fittings are used, the bend radius should be according
to the standard radius. Tubing shall be installed neatly and shall be supported in the following
manner:

In vertical runs, clamps shall consist of hard wooden clamping blocks cut in half and provided
with holes for the tubing. Alternatively proprietary piping fixtures may be used subject to the
approval of the Engineer. The maximum distance between clamps shall be 1.00 m and the
distance from a bend in the tubing to a clamp shall be not more than 300mm.
2.3

All tubing shall be leak tested before the commissioning of the unit.

The compressor suction line shall be insulated by means of appropriate insulating sleeves to be
approved by the Engineer. In cases where this sleeve is exposed to mechanical damage in
outdoor locations an adequate aluminium sheathing protection shall be installed.

87
 Part III- Chapter 2- Pipe Work
---
e Work

Where metal clamps are used, the tubing shall be insulated from these or protected, short
wrappings of plastic tape shall be used to prevent chaffing and galvanic action.

black
2.1.4 Condenser Water Piping
ittings
shall Condenser water piping may be unplasticised PVC pipes conforming to SLS 147; Type I 000
or to BS 3505, Class E with solvent cement joints and injection moulded rigid PVC fittings

5 with conforming to SLS 147; or BS 4348 or black heavy weight steel to standards specification in
2.1.2 above. All condenser water pipes within plant rooms and pipes in other areas (if diameter
exceeds 100 mm) shall be of black heavy weight steel or galvanized from to BS 1387 heavy

heavy gauge.

S143
, and 2.1.5 Condenser Drains

opper Condenser drains shall be in unplasticised PVC conforming to SLS 147 or BS 3505, wth
solvent cement joints and injection moulded rigid PVC fittings conforming to BS 4348.

2.2 Grading, Venting and Draining

d but Wherever possible, piping shall be graded to permit natural venting and draining to a minimum

r by number of points in the system.

s 15

f the Manual air vents shall be fitted at high points and at all potential air pockets on all chilled

ding water pipes and cooling coils.

wing
20 mm diameter drain valves suitable for hose coupling shall be fitted to all low points in the
piping system.

ided
the Grading of all drain and vent lines shall be in the direction of flow and not less than I in 200.

I the All vents and drain valves shall be mounted outside the insulation.

2.3 Welding
Welding of mild steel pipework shall be carried out by either the oxy-acetylene method 111

accordance with BS 1821 or the metal arc method in accordance with BS 1856.

be
e 1 Brazing of copper pipelines shall be carried out by the self-bronze process.

Galvanised pipework shall not be welded.

87 88
 Part III - Chapter 2- Pipe Work

All workmen carrying out welding on the site shall be in possession of a valid welding
certificate.

The Engineer reserves the right to carry out the tests as detailed in the appropriate British
Standard on one percent of the welds in the installation. All weld joints unless otherwise
specified shall be subject to at least a dye penetrant check after welding.

2.4 Pipe Hangers and Supports

All pipework shall be adequately supported by means of standard or purpose made clips so that
no movement or distortion of the pipe takes place except that necessary to take up the
expansion of pipework.
Pipe supports shall be constructed generally in accordance with BS 3974.

All clips, brackets, supports, etc., in contact with the pipe wall shall be of the same material as
the pipe, otherwise an approved non-metallic packing material is to be inserted between the

clip and pipe.

Straight pipework shall be supported at centres not less than those given in Table B 16.3 of the
[HYE Guide 1970 or to manufacturer's recommendations.

Supplementary supports shall be provided at changes of direction, valves or similar pipeline

equipment.

Pipework shall be supported as indicated on the drawings or, if not specifically detailed, in
accordance with the following:

Horizontal main shall be supported on rollers and chairs or by standard mild steel hangers and
clips from lengths of channel iron or "Unistrut" type channel either built-in or bolted to the
structure.

Branch mains shall be supported as above or by means of standard munsen ring clips, built-in 2.5
screwed to the adjacent structure.

Vertical mains shall be supported from anchor points fixed rigidly to one intermediate floor
slab with guide supports at the remaining floor slabs.

89
 Part IHI - Chapter 2- Pipe Work
Work

Small diameter run-outs shall be supported by standard school-board pattern clips, built-in or
ding
screwed to the adjacent structure Qr, by means of standard double saddle clips.

All ferrous brackets or parts thereof shall be painted two coats of red lead primer before fixing.
itish

wise
Chilled water pipework operating at a temperature below ambient dew point shall have

supports arranged to fit around the outside of the pipe insulation. A vapour sealing, a 1.5mm
thick galvanised sheet steel half sleeves, two diameters in length or machine cut timber support

blocks shall be fitted over the insulation to spread the load at every support point. Heavy
that
density expanded polystyrene or cork shall be fitted round the pipe as insulation under the
the
sleeves.

Supports on horizontal and vertical piping shall be spaced as follows, unless otherwise
specified.
l as
the
Pipe Pipe Support Centres Minimum Support Rod

Diameter Maximum (m) Diameter (mm)

(mm)
the
Steel PVC

15 2.0 1.25 10

20 2.4 I.SO 10
line
32 2.7 2.00 10

40 3.0 2.00 10

50 3.4 2.20 10
' 111 65 3.7 2.40 15

80 3.7 2.40 15

100 4.1 3.00 15

and
150 4.8 3.25 20
the
200 4.8 3.25 20
250 4.8 3.25 20

t-in
2.5 Expansion of Pipe work
All pipework shall be erected, and on completion be left in such a manner that expansion and
contraction is taken up without excessive stress on the pipe to the building structure. Where
0or
this cannot be achieved with the normal run of pipework, special expansion loops or expansion

joints shall be provided.

90
89
 Part I - Chapter 2- Pipe Work
------------ --·----

Expansion loops shall be made up from pipe of the same quality as the main, either with
welded elbows or fabricated from a single length of pipe with pulled or fire-set bends.

Expansion joints shall be of the stainless steel bellows type adequately supported, in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and with guides on the mains adjacent to the
joints.

Anchors shall be provided at intervals to ensure expansion is absorbed at the determined

places, and shall consist of a short length of pipe, flanged at each end and positively fixed to
the building structure by heavy mild steel angle or channel iron.

"Cold draw" shall be applied, suitable to the pipe work and service, by pulling up through long
bolts on the expansion loop/joint flanges. The long bolts shalt afterwards be replaced by
normal or expansion unit bolts.

The provision for expansion is to be checked before and after any enclosure of the pipework.

2.6 Valves and Cocks

2.6.1 Drain Cocks
Drain Cocks 32 mm and over, shall be bronze gland cocks complete with malleable iron
levers and hose unions.

Cocks 25mm and under, shall comply in all respects with BS 2879, Type A, bronze draining
taps, screw down pattern, lock-shield design with loose key.

2.6.2 Aircocks
All air bottles on low pressure systems shall have 6 mm, aircocks fitted with loose key, as
detailed on the drawings.

2.6.3 Terminal Units

Isolating valves for chilled water fan coil units, etc., shall comply in all respects with BS 2767,
bronze union valves, angle or straight patterns, with proportional flow characteristics, plastic
cover handwheel type. Regulating valves shall be of the double regulating and orifice type as
specified above.

91
 Work
- Part HI - Chapter 2 - Pipe Work

with The connection to the unit shall be of the metal to metal union pattern and the opposite end
appropriate to the pipework.

, In The flow valve shall be of the wheel type and the return valve of the lockshield type.

the
Where visible, valve bodies shall have a polished finish.

ined 2.6.4 Ball Float Valves

d to Ball float valves 28mm and over, shall be of the equilibrium (balanced pressure) type
gunmetal brazed copper ball and with flanges conforming to PN 16 or with screwed BS PT
ends as required.
ong
by Ball float valves 22mm and under shall comply in all respects with BS 1212 Portsmouth type
and the plastic floats with BS 2456.

2.6.5 Automatic Air Valves

Suitable type air vents shall be provided at high points of water lines and wherever required to
allow air to vent from system. Each vent shall have a drain.

ron 2.6.6 Safety Valves

Safety valves 55mm and under, shall comply in all respects with BS 759 and have a bronze
body with flat seating surface, precision lapped to give positive closure and screwed BSPT

mng ends.

2.7 Pipe Sleeve and Floor Plates

Except where specified otherwise, all pipes passing through any walls of floors shall be

as provided with PVC sleeves having an internal diameter at least 50mm larger than the outside
of the pipe (or pipe with insulation, in case of insulated services), suitably packed and finished
not less than 2mm proud or the finished surface. The annular space between the pipes and
sleeves shall be adequately caulked with asbestos rope to reduce noise transmission.

67, In wet areas, sleeves through floors are to be extended 30mm above the finished floor.

tic
as A chromium plated rolled steel hinged cover plate shall be provided and fixed to all exposed
pipes at each end of each sleeve and to every exposed pipe rising through floors.

92
91
 Part IHI - Chapter 2 - Pipe Work
----------
Where pipes pass through trench covers, specially approved flanged sleeves shall be provided
to form watertight seals.

2.8 Strainers
Strainers shall be supplied and installed in the pipework as indicated on the drawings or, if not 2
specifically indicated, to provide at least one strainer for each water circuit.

isolating valves shall be provided on each side of the strainer or the strainers to be fixed
relative to equipment isolating valves so that the strainer can be opened and cleaned without
draining down the circuit. 2.

Strainers, 65mm and over, shall be of the 'Y' pattern with cast iron body, 1.5mm stainless
steel screen and flanges conforming to PN 16.

Strainers, 50mm to 32mm, shall be of the 'Y' pattern with gunmetal body, Imm brass screen
and screwed BSPT ends.

Strainers, 25mm and under shall be of the 'Y' pattern with pressed brass body, 1 mm brass
screen and screwed BSPT ends.

Strainers in external pipework, 65mm diameter and larger shall be of the bucket type with 2.
flanges conforming to PN 16.

2.9 Plugs for Open Pipes and Ducts

Any open ended pipe or duct left overnight or for any considerable period shall be protected
from the entry of dust, sand, etc., by the fixing of approved type plugs.

2.10 Flushing and Cleaning

In case of piping and fittings for 'refrigeration' system the interior shall be thoroughly cleaned
with an alkaline solution and cappencl tightly until installed. The actual cleaning procedure
shall be that recommended by the manufacturers of the equipment, and approved by the
Engineer.

The piping system shall be thoroughly flushed out with water. Strainers of not less than 0.7
mm ( number 40 ) mesh shall be installed during this period. The strainers shall be cleaned and
inspected after flushing has been completed.

----------------·--··----·-·- ---
93
 Part III- Chapter 2 - Pipe Work
.rk �-------------------------------

ed After draining of flushing water, each system shall be filled with softened fresh water from the
lowest point, de-aerated and checked for full water flow, in each system. All subsequent
fillings and toppings shall be softened water.

ot 2.11 Protection of Pipework

All mild steel pipework whether insulated or not, shall be thoroughly wire brushed and painted
with red lead paint immediately after installation and again before the finishing treatment is

ed applied.

ut
2.12 Painting
Items of equipment shall be provided with the manufacturer's standard finish which, on
2ss completion of installation, shall be in good condition or brought up to original standard.

Ferrous pipework, brackets, etc., shall be painted two coats of red lead primer. Alternatively,
en where steelwork is completely enclosed a proprietary anti-rust coating may be used.

Pipework, brackets, etc., in public spaces shall be painted two coats of red lead primer, and a
ass decorative finish coat as specified elsewhere or otherwise in accordance with the colour code,
conforming to BS 1710.

rith 2.13 Testing of Pipework

All sections of pipework shall be hydraulically tested during installation of the works to avoid
the necessity for disturbing the building programme at the later stages. No pipes must be
lagged, covered in or otherwise made inaccessible before they have been tested.

ted
All tests are to be recorded and signed by the contractor's senior representative on site and, so
far as possible, witnessed by the Engineer. All pipework except open ended vents and drain
pipes, shall be tested at 700 kN/m2 or at twice the working pressure whichever is greater, for a
period of three hours. During the tests welds shall be hammered. All pipework shall be flushed
ed
out after testing. It is the Contractor's responsibility to see that tests are correctly carried out
ure
and that any remedial measures necessary are effected and re-tests carried out so that on
the
completion of the works each and every section has been satisfactorily tested and a complete
set of certificates forwarded to the Engineer.

0.7
Following completion of satisfactory section tests a complete system test shall be carried out,
and
witnessed and approved by the Engineer.

94
93
 Part III- Chapter 2- Pipe Work

2.14 Valve and Equipment Labels

All valves shall be clearly labelled. The labels shall be rectangular, 100mm x 40mm of multi-
layer, colour/black/colour, laminated plastic with each side showing a number, the name of
the service and purpose. Each label shall be attached by a short length of chain having at one
3
end a link opened, passed through a hole in the label and then closed, and at the other end a key
3
passed through the end and around the valve spindle or pillar. All labels shall be coloured in
accordance with the colour code applicable to the service controlled. The colour code shall
comply in all relevant respects with BS 1710.

All equipment shall be clearly labelled. The labels shall be of multi layer, white and black
plastic similar to that previously specified, front engraved, securely fixed to the equipment by
means of stainless steel screws or blind rivets. All equipment labels shall be engraved with a
number, name of the equipment and service as previously specified but with the legend on the
face only.

A valve chart indicating the duty and position of all valves shall be fitted into a glazed frame
and fixed in an agreed position.
Identical copies shall be handed over to the Engineer as a part of the record drawings.

·---···------------------------
95
 CHAPTER -3
ti- INSTALLATION OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS
of

ne
3.1 Sheet Metal Duet Work
ey
3.1.1 General
ll1
Ductwork shall be supplied and installed generally as shown on the drawings to provide a
all
complete working installation and in accordance with the details stated hereafter.

Dimensions of ductwork shall be as given on the drawings, except where site measurement
ck
necessitates variation, in which case the specified cross-sectional areas to be adhered to and the
by
change in section made with tapered transfer pieces. Sizes given on the drawings are internal
1a
sizes and where internal insulation and/or acoustic lining is provided the duct is to be increased
the
in size to give the specified free internal dimensions.

Ductwork shall be cleaned out as erection takes place and all openings blanked off until he
me
whole system is in operation.

All raw edges of ductwork shall be painted with one coat of aluminium paint before leaving

the works and again prior to erection.

All ductwork passing through plant room floors and walls shall be provided with a sleeve and
the space between the duct and the sleeve shall be packed with suitable sound insulation

material to reduce the noise transmitted to other parts of the building from the plant room.

Where there is a possibility of the transmission of vibration the duct work shall be isolated
from the building structure.

Where ducts pass through the structure, holes shall be provided with 50mm x 50mm timber
frames around the perimeter by the Contractor. Angle flanges to be secured around the
perimeter of the ducts shall be supplied and fixed to the timber frames.

The material used shall be selected with service in mind, and special consideration shall be
given when equipment has to handle corrosive gases, dust and similar contaminants.
Galvanised steel, shall be used for all metal duct work, unless otherwise specified. All

96
95
 Part II- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

structural supports and parts shall be of structural steel conforming to BS 449 or ASTM A 36.
In other cases, where material in ducts are different to supports etc., materials used shall be
well insulated so as to avoid direct metal to metal contact.

3.1.2 Design Criteria

The duct design shall be in accordance with the HYAC Duct Work Specifications, Published
by Heating and Ventilation Contractors Association or in accordance with the ASHRAE Hand
Book published by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning
Engineers.

The Duct design shall be such that it will supply the specified volume of air to each area within
the facility, at a specified pressure and velocity. Low pressure ducts shall have static pressures
upto 500 Pa and a velocity of l 3 mis. High pressure ducts shall have pressures of 0.75 to 25
kPa static pressure and velocities above 10 m/s.

The duct design shall ensure that the noise levels are low and tolerable.

The sections of the duct may be rectangular or circular conforming to the preliminary drawings
and the recommended section shall be used for the fabrication of ductwork.

The duct assembly shall be air tight as to allow leakage of not more than 1.0 percent of the
total flow rate. Any leak in the system shall not create any audible noise.

Pressure relief controls shall be provided to overcome problems due to excessive pressure
loads, and fire dampers provided shall have a minimum of 1.5 hour, standard fire protection
rating.

3.1.3 Low Pressure Ductwork

Ductwork shall be erected as indicated on the drawings, complete with all hangers and
supports, control and fire dampers, plant, grilles, access doors, etc., all in accordance with the
Specification for sheet metal ductwork, DW/142 metric, low velocity, low pressure, air
systems published by HVCA.

Joints, except for those made on site, shall be of the lock form type.

97
ms Part HI - Chapter 3 - Instatlation of Ventilation Systems

6. Site erection joints up to 600mm size shall be drive cleats or slip joints, the latter lapped in

be direction of flow secured with self tapping screws sealed with mastic and/or taped with plastic

tape not less than 75mm wide.

Site erection joints over 600mm size shall be as above but further reinforced with the relevant

size of angle stiffener. Alternatively, large ducts may be jointed by means of angle iron flanges
ed
and suitable gaskets and /or mastic.
mnd
Ing
Apart from painting requirements specified elsewhere, all stiffeners and angles, if not

galvanised after manufacture, shall be painted with red oxide undercoat and aluminium paint
finish before fixing to duct. All screws, fastenings etc. are to be sheradised.
hin

res
Back draft dampers shall be of the same material as the duct work, and multiblade type. Blades
. 25
shall have felt strips riveted or crimped in place and shall be joined using suitable connection

bars. Each blade shall be attached to the pivot rod, and the pivot rod shall extend into an oil

impregnated bronze bushing located in the frame.

Acoustical duct lining shall be flexible or rigid mineral fibre. The lining shall not be less than
1gs
25mm thick. When acoustic lining is used duct size shall be adjusted to compensate for the

thickness of lining .

the
In lieu of acoustical lining, factory fabricated sound attenuators may be provided. Factory

fabricated attenuators shall be constructed of galvanised steel sheets. The outer casing of which

shall be not less than 0.9 mm and the pressure drop through the attenuator is not more than 15
sure
percent of total external static pressure of the air hand! ing system. When sound attenuators are
tion
to be site fabricated, construction details and behaviour shall be similar to the factory

fabricated units.

Low pressure ductwork will not normally be pressure tested but if inspection and/or air flow
and
tests suggests air loss, a pressure/smoke test will be called for by the Engineer.
the
. air
Wherever mitred bends are indicated on the drawings, radius bends shall be installed in
accordance with HVCA Specification DW 141, unless space limitations require square bends,
in which case air turn vanes shall be provided.

98
97
 Part III- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems
------

Details given in Table 1 shall be used in the construction of low pressure type rectangular
ductwork unless otherwise specified.
Table 1
Galvanized Maximum Type of Transverse Bracing

Steel s1Ze Joint connections

Thickness mm

0.55 up to 310mm S,drive, pocket or bar

slips on 2.40m centres None

0.70 up to 330 mm S,drive, pocket,or bar None

480 mm to S,drive, 25mm pocket 25x25x3mrn

760 mm or 25 mm bar slips on angle

2.40 m centres. midway
(2-3) joints. between
joints.

0.85 780 mm to S, Drive,25mm pocket 25x25x3mm

1070 mm or 25mm bar slips on angles
2.40mm centres (2-3) midway
joints between 3.1

joints.

0.95 1090mm to 38m angle connections 38x28x3mm

1370 mm or 38mm pocket, or angles
38mm bar. midway
between
joints.

1.00 1400mm to Slips with 35x3mm 38x38x3mm

1520mm reinforcing bar on angles
2.40m centres midway
(2-4) Joints between
joints.

99
S

Part III - Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

r

1.20 1500mm to 38mm angle connections 38x38x3mrn

2140mm or 38mm pocket, or diagonal
38mm bar slips on angles or
1.14 max. centres 38x38xl 8mm
with 35x3mm angles
reinforcement bar. midway
between
joints.

1.20 2160mm to 50mm angle connections 38x38x3mm

2440mm 38mm pocket,or 38mm bar diagonal

slips on 1.14 max. angles or
centres with 53x3mm 38x38x3mm

reinforcement bar. angles

midway
between
joints.

3.1.4 High Pressure Ductwork

Joints between sections of rectangular ducts and between ducts and fittings shall be made with
gasketed flange connections or welded flange joints.

Sound traps shall be provided on the discharge and suction duct of each high pressure fan
operating at pressure above 1 kPa. Maximum permissible pressure drop across a sound trap
shall not exceed 150 Pa. The traps shall be air tight when operating under an internal pressure
of2 kPa.

Sound trap shall be site or factory fabricated. In case of site fabricated sound trap, it shall be
contained in an oversized section of duct constructed of galvanized iron not thicker than 1.3
mm or of 1.6 mm thick aluminium, having a suitably sealed joint. Each trap shall be
constructed of No. 2 mesh galvanised wire cloth or 1.6mm galvanised expanded metal, and
shall have a nett inside dimension not less than the connecting discharge duct. The layers of25
mm or thicker acoustic blanket shall be installed between the duct and the wire cloth to provide
the required sound reduction.

100
 Part II- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

3.2 Flexible Ductwork

Connections to units, and where suitable to small diameter diffusers, may be made wth
flexible ducting, and shall be jointed to the unit/grille and rigid duct with universal type non-
corrodible hose clips. The maximum length of flexible ductwork shall be 750mm and be fully
supported.

The ducting shall be subject to the relevant fire resistance requirements of the enclosing space
and shall be insulated. •
3

Ducts shall be fabricated with material suitable to handle the type of contaminants in the air
and shall withstand the design air flows and pressures.

3.3. PVC Duct Work

The construction of PVC ductwork shall be in accordance with the HVCA Specification OW/
151.

3.4 Hangers and Supports

Ducts shall be permanently fixed from rigid supports at not more than 2.5m centre for
horizontal runs at each floor level for vertical runs. Additional supports should be fixed at
bends, dampers, etc., where standard spacing leaves these unsupported.

Horizontal runs shall be fixed by means of mild steel brackets connected onto a mild steel band
encircling the duct or fixed to the stiffening angles for larger duct sizes. The brackets shall be
suspended from the structure by flexible hangers or supported on cantilevers.

Low level ductwork shall in general, be supported as above or otherwise on special mild steel
frames.

3
One anchor type support shall be provided for each main run of ductwork, or each 20m, either
by fixing rigidly to the structure or by cross braced hanger supports.

Vertical runs shall be fixed rigidly to and completely encircling the duct and be arranged so
that the whole weight of duct is transferred to the support.

191
ns
Part III- Chapter 3- Installation of Ventilation Systems

In insulated ducts where the dew point of the enclosing space is below the duct air temperature,
th
brackets shall be of standard size and the insulation carried over the bracket. Where the dew
n-
point is above duct air temperature, the brackets are to be oversized and fitted with rigid
lly
insulation between the duct wall and the bracket.

3.5 Dampers
ce
3.5.1 Control Dampers
Adjustable dampers shall be installed generally as indicated on the drawings, but at all main
branches in the ductwork, the fresh air inlet, the recirculation main duct, and also where
air
necessary for correct balancing of the system.

Dampers shall be of the manually adjustable type with indicating quadrant and lockable lever
and are to be of rigid construction, free from noise or rattle under operating conditions.
WI

Dampers with side dimensions less than 300mm shall be of the single blade type of thickness
not less than 1.6mm with I 0mm diameter pivot rods and rigid bearings.

for
Dampers with side dimensions over 300mm shall be of the multi-leaf type of thickness not less
at
than 1.6 mm and no blade shall be more than 250mm wide. They shall be provided with
10mm diameter pivot rods, aerofoil section set in rigid bearings and linked externally to a
single quadrant and lever.
and
I be After final commissioning, the position of the dampers should be indicated with durable paint.

Unless access is feasible through adjacent equipment, hand access panels shall be provided to
teel enable full inspection of the blades.

3.5.2 Fire Dampers

ther Fire dampers shall be provided in all positions as shown on the drawings and as necessary to
meet the requirements of the Fire Officer.

l so Fire dampers shall be located within the thickness of a fire barrier. Where this is not possible,
the section or ductwork between the damper and fire barrier shall have a fire resistance equal
to that of the damper itself, and not less than 6mm thick mild steel plates.

101 102
 Part IHI - Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems
-�------------··-----·----

Each fire damper assembly shall be held in the open position by a fusible link, generally set to

release at a temperature of 7(''C and all blades must be weighted to ensure immediate closure
on release of the link.

Access doors shall be provided at all fire dampers to enable full inspection of the blade and

fusible 'ink.

Access doors shall not be less than 450mm x 450mm clear, unless this effects the duct

dimensions.

Fire dampers shall be of the type having the shutter outside the normal airstream.

3.6 Access Holes and Doors 3

Access doors and other openings in ductwork shall be provided as indicated below:

() Access for personnel for maintenance and replacement of plant items, where

appropriate.

(ii) Access for routine maintenance, lubrication and adjustment of items not requiring full

access.

(iii) Access for cleaning, where indicated on the drawings.

(iv) Access for inspection of items concealed in ductwork such as dampers, fusible links,

thermostats, etc..

Access doors shall be not less than 450mm x 450mm clear, unless this affects the duct

dimensions. They shall be hinged and fitted with felt seals, secured to prevent stripping and

provided with cam lock fasteners. Holes cut in the duct walls for the access doors shall be
provided with stiffening frames.

Where hinged doors cannot be included due to space limitations, bolted-on type with quick

release fittings shall be employed.

3.9
Access holes shall be 200mm x 200mm clear, unless this affects the duct dimension. They
shall be of the bolted-on type and be fitted with felt seals.

103
ns Part III - Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

to Access doors on insulated ducts are to be insulated and a retaining frame is to be provided for
re the duct insulation where it abuts the door opening.

3.7 Test Holes

nd Test holes for instruments shall be provided where indicated on the drawings and in any case
to enable fan ducts to be tested and the performance of regulating dampers to be assessed. All
holes shall be 25mm diameter and provided with an effective seal.
ct

Test holes shall be made up of a brass nipple and cap welded to the duct or casing adjacent to
each temperature sensing device. On low pressure system and on fan suction sides of all
casings an instrument test hole with cap may be used in lieu of a welded brass nipple.

3.8 Plenums and Casings

Plenums and casings shall include all enclosures for, and air passages between, the air intakes,
filters, heating and cooling coils and fans. The floors of structural platforms under casings shall
serve as bottoms and the sides, and tops shall be constructed of sheet metal of 1.0 mm
minimum thickness. Casing shall be reduced or increased in dimensions to connect each piece
of apparatus.
full

Wherever necessary casings shall be reduced or increased in dimensions to connect to each

piece of apparatus.

Sheet metal thicknesses and reinforcements shall be selected so that under normal operating
1ks, pressures the casing wall shall not deflect excessively. The strength of panels under normal
operating pressures shall be so as to limit the deflection to 1/240th of the unsupported panels
span.
luct
and Access doors shall be provided in each section of the casing and shall be of air tight
I be construction. Each door shall have a neoprene or similar type gasket. When doors are provided,
the hinge mechanism and fastening mechanism shall be constructed of corrosion free material
such as brass. The fastening shall have provisions for opening from inside or outside. Doors
rick shail swing so that the fan suction or the pressure holds the doors in closed position.

3.9 Eliminators
hey Each cooling coil in the field fabricated casings and duct work having an air velocity of over
2m/s. through the net face area shall be equipped with moisture eliminators, unless the coil
-------------------------------------
103 104
 Part IHI- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

manufacturer guarantees that no moisture will be carried beyond the drip pans under actual

operating conditions.

Eliminators shall be constructed so that they are removable through the nearest access door in
the casing or duct work.

3.10 Drip Pans

1
Drip pans shaH collect, confined dispose of all condensate from cooling coils and attachments

including headers, return bends, distributors and uninsulated pipe and fittings. Where
individual eliminator blades are made in sections, auxiliary drip through shall be provided at
the bottom of each section with drains and drip pans. Material used in drip pans shall resist
corrosion for long times and shall be removable easily for replacement.

3.11 Diffusers, Registers, Grills and Troffers

Diffuser, registers, grills and troffers shall be factory fabricated of steel or aluminium and shall
be compatible with the ceiling system selected by the Architect. Complete details including
manufacture and types shall be submitted for approval of the Engineer and Architect.
3
3.11.1 Diffusers
Diffusers shall distribute the correct quantities of air and flow pattern over the space intended,
without causing noticeable drafts, air movements in occupied zones, or dead spots any where
in the conditioned area.

Ceiling diffusers shall be circular, square, rectangular perforated face, perforated plate or linear
type. Diffuser shall be sized in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer, and
shall be equipped with baffles or other devices required to provide proper air distribution 3

pattern. Factory fabricated turning vanes furnished by the manufacturers shall be provided at
each diffuser, branch duct or take off except where flexible duct is used. Volume dampers and
separate pattern adjustments shall be fixed so that it could be removed through the diffuser
neck for access into the duct. Diffusers used for the exhaust or return shall be similar to
diffusers used for supply, except that, elements used for air pattern control is only eliminated.

3.11.2 Registers
Registers shall be provided with factory fabricated volume dampers, furnished by the register
manufacturer. Volume dampers shall be group operated, opposed blade and adjustable type.
Exhaust and return registers shall be similar to supply registers except that they shall have a
-------------------·-------------------
105
 ----------- ----------------------------

$ Part IHI- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

single set of non directional face bars or vanes having the same appearance as the supply
register. Registers shall be factory primed ready for finish, painting.

n 3.11.3 Grills
Grills shall be manufactured and finished as registers except that the volume dampers shall be

omitted.

ts 3.11.4 Troffers
e The air handling portion of the combination light and air handling troffer shall be provided

at with a method of balancing the air in the supply troffer, which shall be accessible for

st adjustment without requiring the removal of troffer components or ceiling panels after
installation. Supply air shall be delivered in uniform adjustable pattern along the entire length
and/or width of the troffer. The return air handling section shall vent room air and attenuate
room noise passing into the ceiling plenum. Return and supply air handling sections shall be

ll interchangeable except that distribution plenums are not required for return sections

,g discharging into the ceiling plenums.

3.12 Louvres
Louvres which are connected directly by the duct work to air handling equipment shall be

·d, made of galvanised steel or aluminium unless otherwise specified. All louver shall have 50

·re percent free area and shall be constructed to withstand a wind pressure of 1.5 kPa. They shall
be designed and manufactured with accurately fitted blades with folded edges to exclude

driving rain and with insect screen.

2ar In case of adjustable louvers they shall be operated by manual means.

nd
on 3.13 Sound Attenuators
at Sound attenuators shall be supplied and installed as indicated and scheduled on the drawings

nd and also as necessary to achieve the sound levels in accordance with design criteria specified

ser in Clause 3.1.2.

to
I. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to ensure that the sound attenuators provided are
capable of reducing the sound power level of the fans and system, as installed, to the design
room conditions as noted.

ster
pe. The sound attenuator casing shall be manufactured from pre-galvanised steel to the appropriate

e a thicknesses and shall be pocket lock formed to ensure a constant seal.

106
105
 Part II- Chapter 3- Installation of Ventilation Systems
---------------------------

The acoustic lining material of the sound attenuators shall be of inorganic incombustible
fibreglass having a minimum density of 32kg/m3 protected from air stream erosion by a
reinforced glass fibre mesh and be contained within a 0.91mm thick pre-galvanised metal
splitter on each side of which shall be an exposed face of material.

The splitters shall be arranged within the casing to provide a number of airways, the width of
each being determined by the required acoustic performance. A half width splitter shall be
fixed on the attenuator side walls for minimising flanking problems. Splitters shall be secured
to the casing by pop rivets or self-tapping screws.

Where zinc galvanising is destroyed during the manufacturing process, all such places shall be

thoroughly cleaned and treated with a zinc rich paint.

The sound attenuators shall be installed with suitable transformation pieces to adjacent
ductwork.

Sound attenuators handling saturated air shall be manufactured generally as above but in lieu
of the reinforced glass fibre mesh, the acoustic infill shall be inserted behind scrim and be of
0.55 mm thick perforated sheet steel having 50 percent free area and hot dipped galvanised
after perforation.

3.14 Flexible Connections

Flexible connections shall be provided at all connections onto plant and/or fans and are to be of
flame resistant, non-organic flexible sheet secured with flat galvanised steel band to the duct
and be fixed so that a smooth internal surface is presented to the air flow.

3.15 Connections to Builder's Work

Where metal ducts, fan inlets and outlets connect to builder's work, connections shall be by
built-in timber frame or built-in companion ring or flange. Built-in timber frames are preferred,
except for connection to fire barrier walls or fixing fire dampers. Timber frames shall be
constructed in hardwood of suitable section. Companion rings shall be provided with an
adequate number of suitably sized rag bolts or similar fixing devices.

In all cases the duct end shall finish with a mating flange and where this is fixed to a timber
frame the flange should be wide enough to overlap the joint between timber and masonry by at
least 15mm.

107
 Part II - Chapter 3- Installation of Ventilation Systems

2 3.16 Fans
a 3.16.1 Roof Extract Fans
.l
Roof extract fan units shall be of the axial/mixed flow type, as indicated and scheduled on the
drawings.

f
The weather skirt, cowl and impeller shall be constructed in glass fibre reinforced resin, with
e
polypropylene shutters and aluminium fittings. The motors shall have ball bearings and be of
d
the totally enclosed type.

All fan units shall be mounted on suitable acoustic curb.

e

Each fan shall be provided with a suitable flush or surface mounted starter/switch unit with red

indicating light.
nt

3.16.2 Window/ Wall Mounted Extract Fans

Window/wall mounted extract fans shall be of the axial flow type with balanced pressed steel
eu
or moulded plastic impellers, totally enclosed motor and resilient mountings fully rust proofed
f
or of non ferrous construction. The fans shall have electrically operated automatic shutters.
ed

3.16.3 Duct Mounted Extract Fans

Duct mounted extract fans shall be supplied and installed as indicated on the drawings. Motor
shall be manufactured conforming to BS 5000 and the assembly shall be provided with a
: of
sufficient length of mains lead terminating in 3 pin 13A plug. Impellers and casing shall be
uct
constructed from non-ferrous alloy. The fan assembly shall be mounted on anti-vibration

supports.

Flexible connections, not less than 75mm, shall be fitted on both inlet and outlet.
by

red,
Extract fan with twin fan system shall be equipped with auto-changeover facility to ensure
be
continuous operation, in the event of failure of the duty fan and the facility to indicate the
an
faulty condition on the control box accordingly.

Extract fans connected to extract hoods in kitchens shall be bifurcated (motor located outside
1ber
the air stream) type. Impellers shall be of non-ferrous construction and suitable for air laiclen
y at
with grease from cooking area.

107 1 08
 Part H- Chapter 3- Installation of Ventilation Systems

3.17 Other Systems of Ventilators

3.17.1 Hoods
3.:
Unless otherwise specified hoods shall be constructed of galvanised steel with welded or
soldered seams. They shall be ceiling mounted and shall be 150 mm. larger than the equipment
it covers. The hoods shall be designed for handling and venting of air without much turbulence
and disturbance. When hood ventilators are provided they shall be of a permanent type as
3.1
recommended by the manufacturers. Hoods in areas like kitchens, where grease is likely to be
handled, grease trays shall be fitted just under the filters. Such trays shall be removable in
sections for cleaning purposes.

3.17.2 Roof Exhausters and Ventilators

Natural ventilation in factory building etc., shall be provided by installing ridge and box type
ventilators. They shali be fitted in accordance with the designers instructions and in locations
specified. This is particularly important in the case of box type ventilators which also act as
fire regulators in ware houses etc.,
The ventilators shall be capable of venting through the type of contaminants and the material
and construction of the ventilators must be such that they are able to withstand any vapours,
corrosive gases, dust etc., for long periods without regular maintenance.

3.1
All roof mounted ventilators shall be designed and installed in a manner that will withstand the
maximum wind velocities expected under cyclone conditions and such velocities must be
equivalent to those used in the building design.

Screen protection provided against birds, insects etc., shall not restrict the air movement and
they shall be fitted in such a way that cleaning or replacement of same could be done without
any difficulty.

Dampers/covers shall be provided if the ventilators are open to the atmosphere. Such systems
shall have means for operating manually or by sensors and automatic controls to detect rain
etc .. Dampers/covers should be designed to withstand heavy tropical rains and should be
provided with water tight seals.

3.17.3 Rotary Turbine Ventilators, Wind Actuated

Rotors should be constructed out of light materials. All rotating parts of the rotor should be
properly balanced and this type too should be constructed to withstand high wind velocities.

----------------------------
109
 ns Part IHI - Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

3.18 Air Cleaning Devices

or Particular type of devices to be used shall depend on the nature of impurities and the
nt thoroughness of air cleaning necessary.
ce

as
3.18.1 Dry Type Filters
be
Filters shall be constructed in such a way that they contain frames or cells to carry filter media
111
which could be easily detachable for removal or replacement of filter media.

Filter media may be wool, felts, specially woven fabrics, glass wool synthetic fibres or
cellulose. These materials must be rot proof, vermin proof, fire proof, and odourless. Adhesive
"De or viscous materials should not be used as coatings on the cleaning surfaces. The filter as a
ns whole should be a leak proof construction and should carry indicators to show when the filter
as
is clogged.
Two complete sets of spare filtering pads shall be supplied along with the filter, and complete
ial
technical information including filter efficiencies, air flow rates and resistance offered by the
1rs,
filtering media should be provided.

3.18.2 Spray Type Air Washer

the
The scrubber/eliminator plates which are fitted shall be fitted with a high pressure spray jet
be
system to keep the scrubber/eliminator plates wet at all times. High pressure water should be
supplied through a suitably rated electrical centrifugal pump which draws water from the
collecting tank located at the bottom of the air washer.
and
out
Scrubber/eliminator plates shall be manufactured of copper, glass, mild steel galvanised after

manufacture or treated with a similar corrosive resistant material. Spray nozzles shall be of non

corrodible material such as gun-metal. Construction shall permit easy disassembly for cleaning
2ms
and replacement purposes.
rain
be
The collecting tank shall be fitted with a primary water filter/and a 'ball valve' of not less than
9mm bore with a visible over-flow with a connection from the permanent water supply.

Access doors should be provided for routine maintenance of the washer. They should be fitted
1 be with water tight seals and non corrodible hinges.

Where dust loading is light, 1'cellular air washers" consisting of multiple cells fitted with glass

109 110
 Part llJ - Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

filaments can be used. Low pressure water could be used in these systems and all cells shall be
kept wetted at all times.

3.18.3 Viscose Type Filters

The frame of the cell shall be steel or cardboard and the inside may be filled with materials
such as steel shavings, vegetable fibres, spun glass fibres, animal hair or bristles. A suitable oil
shall be applied to the surface and the oily effect must be retained for long times.

In viscous filters where the surfaces are kept continuously or periodically moved a properly
designed drive mechanism should be incorporated. Means must be provided to remove excess
oil from the filters prior to coming into contact with the main air stream.
3

3.
3.19 Test Points and Instruments
Test points shall be provided and installed, generally as given below and as further indicated
on the drawings, to allow in-operation temperature and/or pressure readings to be taken. (The
test points are supplementary to instruments specifically detailed in equipment clauses).

Pressure test points for pipework shall comprise of a I 0mm f x F brass gauge cock and brass
plug.

Temperature test points for pipework shall comprise of a 100mm long x 15mm BSPT brass
pocket.

Pressure and temperature test points in pipework systems shall be provided at all mam
branches and on flow and return of all cooling coils.

Temperature test points shall be provided on all three connections to mixing valves.

Pressure gauges for pipework shall be of the Bourdon type with 100mm dial, black case,
chrome bezel and IOmm BSPT connection. The scale shall be marked in N/mn.

Thermometers for pipework shall be of the bi-metal type with a 100mm dial, black case,
chrome bezel, 100mm long stem and I5mm BSPT connection. Scale range shall be 0 to 120"C.

Pressure and temperature test points for ductwork shall be 25mm diameter holes provided with
an effective seal.

1!H
ms
Part- IHI- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

be
Pressure and temperature test points in ductwork systems shall be provided before and after all
air handling units, cooling coils and at the fresh air and recirculation inlets.

Pressure gauges for ductwork shall be of the diaphragm actuated type with I 00mm dial, black
ls case and bezel and 3mm BSPT connections. The scale shall be marked in N/m2.
oil

Thermometers for ductwork shall be of the bi-metal type with a 100mm dial, black case,
chrome bezel, 300mm long stem. The scale range shall be 0 to 50'€.
rly
Supply instruments and leave in such of the above test points as agreed with the Engineers.
2$s

3.20 Kitchen Extract Systems

3.20.1 Duct Work
Kitchen hoods shall be built of stainless steel or aluminium sheet of 1.6 mm (SWG 16)
led
thickness Steam line duct sections shall be fabricated with Stainless Steel or Aluminium
he
sheets. with Pittsburg lock or Acme lock grooved longitudinal seams. Snap locks shall not be
used. Ductwork shall be braced and stiffened so that they do not bend, rattle or vibrate. Laps
shall be in the direction of air flow and no flanges shall be projected into air flow.
ass

Segmented 90 degree bends shall be of five section elbows. Segmented 45 degree bends shall
be of three section elbows. Bends shall have a ratio of centre line radius to diameter of at least
ass
1.4 to I. All tees shall have conical or tapered branches. Where no details have been given,

duct designs shall be in accordance with Ductwork Specifications published by Heating and
Ventilation Contractors' Association or in accordance with the Hand Book of American
ain
Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air conditioning Engineers.

Flange joints shall have angles welded on to the duct work to make the mating surfaces.
Mating surfaces shall be ground smooth and be punched for 8mm bolts at not more than 150
mm centres.
use,

All joints shall be chalked or gasketted to make air tight.

1sC,
Where necessary in the duct work or in the casings, access doors shall be provided to permit
inspection, operation and maintenance of all fans, dampers, controls or other apparatus
concealed behind the metal work. Access door shall be 450 mm x 450mm clear or larger to suit
vith the size of the equipment fitted adjacent to the same, and where the above size is not permitted,
50mm narrower than the duct width.

1!I 11 2
 Part - III- Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems

3.20.2 Volume Dampers

Adjustable volume dampers shall be provided as shown in the Drawings in the variovs
branches of the duct work and on the down stream of the exhaust supply.

Volume dampers shall be of the quadrant type of heavy construction, pivoted with approved

operating and locking devices, mounted on the out side of the duct in an accessible place. Fully
open and fully closed positions of the device shall be clearly marked. Dampers in ducts over
450 mm deep shall be of the multi-blade parallel type. Multi-blade dampers shall be provided
in large ducts.

3.20.3 Fire Dampers

Fire dampers shall be fire/steel U/L -119 type B, UL listed as manufactured by Air Balance,
Inc., or as approved and as per NEPA requirement or equivalent. Conveniently located access
doors of ample size and quantity shall be provided for resetting the Dampers shall be installed
in accordance with UL listed requirements.

3.20.4 Hangers
Hangers shall be provided generally in accordance with Clause 3.4. The work shall be securely
anchored to the structure. Suspension from the ceiling work is not permitted. Hangars shall be
located suitably and shall be adjustable in the vertical plane. Cadmium or galvanized fasteners
shall be used in exposed, areas.

3.20.5 Ductwork Construction Details

Rectangular duct work shall be carried out as per the following details.

Max Side Metal thickness Reinforcing Centre Joint

mm mm Angle line type
s1ze mm distance
mm
...-.... .......... .......... ----------- -·-----------------------
Upto 300 0.8 DC
325 -450 0.8 DC
475-750 0.8 25x25x3 1500 RDC
775-1350 1.0 25x25x3 1500 RDC
........-.

113
 Part III - Chapter 3 - Installation of Ventilation Systems
'ms

DC - Drive Cleat

RDC - Reinforced Drive Cleat

0s
Cross bracing or reinforcing angles shall be external and be applied to all four sides.

3.20.6 Grease Eliminator

ved
Each kitchen hood shall be provided with grease eliminators to ensure that no grease enter the
illy
ver main duct. Grease eliminators shall be of stainless steel.

led
3.20.7 Lighting
Kitchen hood shall be illuminated with heat, dust and moisture proof GCE valiant lamp

( catalogue No. 64110) or equivalent.

ce,
:CSS

lied

rely
I be
ners

114
1i3
 CHAPTER 4
AIR CONDITIONING PLANT

4.1 General
This chapter covers all equipment that shall be used to provide chilled water or direct air

cooling. The performance characteristics of the system shall meet the requirements of the areas
to be air conditioned. All calculations and design data used in the selection of equipment shall

be submitted to the Engineer for approval, unless otherwise is stated.

All equipment shall be in the form of packaged units manufactured in a reputed establishment.

The Contractor shall ensure that each individual piece of equipment in the plant has been tested

and certified before delivery and that all items in the plant are covered under the guarantees

required.

Mechanical and electrical plant shall be selected or suitably silenced to achieve the specified

noise levels as measured 1 m from air inlets and/or outlets.

If these noise levels cannot be achieved by the plant then attenuators shall be installed to

achieve the recognized levels. Where no noise levels have been specified the Contractor shall

be guided by the NC, decibel levels recommended in the ASHRAE Guide and Data Book,

1967 which are as given in Table 2.

Table 2 NC DECIBEL LEVELS

Space Low Average High

Residences (suburbia) 20 25 30
Residence (urban) 25 30 35

Apt.Bldgs, Hotel rooms 30 35 40

Hotel ballrooms, banquet Halls 30 35 40
Hotel public spaces 35 40 45
Kitchens, Laundries, Garages 40 45 50

115
 Part IHI- Chapter 4 - Ar Conditioning Plant

Hospital rooms 25 JO 35
Hospital operating rooms, wards 30 30 40
Hospital public spaces 35 40 45

Offices board rooms 20 25 30

Offices conference rooms 25 30 35
Offices executive 30 35 40
Offices private 30 35 4d°
.2 4
Offices general 35 40 50
Offices computer 40 50 60

Music auditoriums 20 22 25
Radio and TV broadcasting 20 22 25
Theatres 25 27 30
Assembly halls 30 32 35

Church Sanctuaries 20 25 30
School libraries 30 35 40
Laboratories 35 40 45 4.
Recreation halls 35 40 50

Public libraries, museums 30 35 40

Banks, Post offices 35 40 45

Restaurants, Night clubs 35 40 45

Cocktail lounges 35 45 50
Cafeterias 40 45 50

t
Department stores (upper floors) 2 40 45
Clothing Stores 35 40 45
Department stores (main floors) 40 45 50
Supermarkets, Retail stores 40 45 50

Sports coliseums 30 35 40
Bowling alleys 35 40 45

116
Int Part III- Chapter 4 - Air Conditioning Plant

Swimming pools 40 50 55

Factories-supt. offices 40 45 50
Light manufacturing 45 60 70
Heavy manufacturing 55 65 75

4.2 Refrigerant
Selection of the refrigerant shall remain the responsibility of the manufacturer of the plant.

Wherever, possible, refrigeration machines shall be selected which work on ozone friendly
refrigerant. Refrigerants used should preferably be a type 'generally' used and available for

replenishment. In case of commonly used compression type refrigerant the selection shall

conform to publications by the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers or

'ASHRAE' hand book published by the 'American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air

Conditioning Engineers'. All relevant information of the refrigerant used in the system together
with any special requirement against leaks and safety measures to be adopted shall be clearly
indicated in the Instruction Manuals.

4.3 Vapour Compression Water Chillers

The chillers shall be supplied in package units comprising of compressor, condenser,

expansion device, evaporator and the automatic control panel. The unit shall be fixed on a base
frame ready to be mounted on a suitably designed foundation. The number of chiller units

required to handle the air conditioning load shall be decided by the supplier taking into
consideration of the air conditioning requirements. When several chiller units are used, a

suitable central control system shall be provided.

4.4 Compressor
Reciprocating/rotary serviceable hermetic compressor shall be equipped with automatically
reversible oil pump, operating oil charge, suction and discharge shut-off valves and insert type
crankcase heater. Motors shall be cooled by the suction gas passing around the windings and
shall be provided with over temperature protection, a contactor and a calibrated manual re-
start, ambient-insensitive overload protectors and all other required protectors for the proper
and safe operation of the compressor. The overload protector shall open all three phases in the
event of overload in any one of the three phases.

117
 Part IHI - Chapter 4 - Air Conditioning Plant
-----------------�-

The controls shall include under/over voltage protection, so that, in the event of the occurrence
of a power supply fluctuation that could be harmful to the motors, the equipment is shut down,
with automatic reset occurring following a preset delay after power restoration. The complete
unit shall be a robust and compact construction and shall be mounted on spring type vibration
isolators.

Selection of a suitable type from the two types of compressors shall depend on the condenser
pressure. In high pressure systems reciprocating type shall be incorporated. Each chiller unit
shall have a minimum of two compressors each with their own independent refrigerant circuit
and electrical connections to ensure an element of stand by should one compressor fail. 4

Each compressor shall be of two speed type and the unit shall also be complete with acoustic
shroud which shall be made demountable to make maintenance access as easy as possible. All

exposed nuts and bolts shall be made of stainless steel and exposed surfaces shall be painted
with anti rust paint to prevent possible deterioration under salty and humid atmosphere
conditions.

4.5 Refrigerant Circuit Components

Refrigerant circuit components shall be factory supplied and piped. The circuit shall
incorporate high side pressure release valves, liquid line shut off valves, hot gas valves, filter
dryers, liquid and moisture indicating sight glasses, liquid line solenoid valves and thermal
expansion valves. Any other components that shall be necessary for proper operation of
4.

systems shall be incorporated in addition to what is mentioned.

4.6 Condensers
Condensers shall be either air cooled type or water cooled type and shall be designed to match
the entire plant.

4.6.1 Air Cooled Type Condensers

Air cooled type condensers shall be of aluminium finned copper tubes or coils with low speed
propeller type fans in a packaged type construction on a base frame for installation at a suitable
location.

4.6.2 Water Cooled Type Condensers

Water cooled type condensers shall be mechanically cleanable shell and tube type with

integrally fined copper tubes having removable heads or shell and coil type, double pipe type

118
 Part III- Chapter 4-Air Conditioning Plant
nt

or evaporator type as specified. Condensers shall be constructed to provide positive sub

e
cooling of liquid refrigerant. A fusible plug for pressure relief shall be provided.
n,
te
The selection of the type of condenser shall be the responsibility of the designer by taking into
n
consideration of the availability and the quality of water to be used in the condenser. Surfaces
in constant contact with water shall be constructed out of corrosion resistant materials.

er
As far as possible water cooled condensers shall be coupled to water re-circulating systems.
it
tit
4.7 Evaporator or Cooler
Evaporators shall be 'dry expansion cooler type' having the shell and tube arrangement or the

1C
'direct expansion coil type'. Shell and tube type evaporator shall have adequate baffle spacers
and the tube arrangement shall be accessible for maintenance and repair purposes.

re Direct expansion coil type shall have manifolds fitted on either end depending on the direction
of flow of refrigerant. Tubes shall be seamless copper suitably expanded into the tube sheets.
Refrigerant side of the evaporator shall be manufactured in accordance with the ASME code
for unfired pressure vessels. Insulation shall be polyvinyl chloride or similar approved
material. Coolers shall have capacities as indicated on equipment list when fouling factor is
ll
er 0.0005

al
of
4.8 Cooling Towers

Cooling tower shall be of induced or forced draught type. Towers shall be provided with fans
to provide a positive or constant air flow and should be designed for normal out air condition

ch of a tropical country and for counter flow.

In the design of the cooling tower adequate provisions should be made to ensure that no
recirculation of vapours take place and the draught losses do not exceed 0.2 percent of the
circulating rate. Tower casing shall be made out of modular fibreglass polyester or similar
ed
material and the tower construction should be adequately protected to prevent corrosion. Noise
le
level of the tower should be kept to a minimum. Whilst the installation shall be capable of
cooling the condenser water to specified levels the tower shall have provisions for easy
installation in any convenient location in the building including the roof slab.

ith

18 119
 Part III - Chapter 4 - Air Conditioning Plant
--- .---------- -

4.9 Air Cooled Liquid Chillers

The units shall be capable of the cooling duties scheduled when operating at design ambient
conditions.

The unit shall be packaged factory assembled units, piped, wired and charged with refrigerant

and comprise screw/reciprocating compressors and hermetically sealed motors, shell and tube

evaporators, aluminium finned cooper condenser coils with vertical discharge low speed
propeller type fans and complete control packaged to include starters, loading/unloading and

cycling controls for compressors, all of which should be subject to the Engineer's approval.
The units shall have anti-vibration spring type isolators with 75mm static deflection under load

conditions as a minimum. The aluminium fins shall be treated suitably to prevent deterioration

under saline atmospheric conditions.

Selection of chiller and compressor unit shall be according to the following cr.iteria.

() Reciprocating type (up to 200 tonnes)

(ii) Centrifugal type (200 tonnes and above)
(ii) Screw type (50 tonnes and above)

Chiller should work on 'ozone friendly refrigerant' which are easily available
in the market.

4.10 Chilled Water and Condensed Water

Circulating Pumps 4.
Electrically driven chilled water and condenser circulating pumps shall be capable of the full

load duty of the systems as installed.

The pumps shall be of the centrifugal, direct driven, long coupled type with cast iron casing,
gunmetal impeller, stainless steel shaft, mechanical seal and flexible coupling drive to a totally

enclosed industrially silent horizontal splash proof three phase motor. The pump and motor

shall be mounted on a common cast iron bed plate. Wiring shall be tropicalized insulation class

F. Closed discharge head of pumps shall not exceed working head by more than 25 percent and
pump motors shall be sized to operate continuously throughout the performance range of pump
without exceeding the nameplate rating of motor. Pumps performance shall be not less than 5
percent below point of maximum efficiency.

120
 Part Ill - Chapter 4-Air Conditioning Plant

High points of the pump casing shall be provided with air vent cocks. These cocks shall be
extended outside of any insulation specified. Low points of the casings shall be fitted with
drains. Each removable casing part weighing over 125 kg shall be provided with a lifting eye
or lug.

Each pump shall be fitted with isolating valves on the suction and delivery connections, and
where pumps are in duplicate, a non-return valve on either connection. Where necessary a
drain connection shall be run from the base plate to the nearest gully.

Pressure gauge cocks shall be fitted to the pump casing on the suction and delivery
connections.

The pressure gauge tapping shall be piped-up with a three way cock to enable the differential
pressure to be taken by one pressure gauge which shall be a I 00mm diameter flanged type
rigidly fixed to adjacent structure and with a red pointer set at normal delivery pressure.

Each pump shall be works tested and characteristic curves of pressure and flow provided,
related to the pressure gauge tapping on the pump casing. These charts shall be available at the
time of commissioning and testing and copies are to form part of the instructions manual.

The pumps shall be fixed on insulated concrete bases, the insulating material characteristics
being related to the pump weight and speed.

4.11 Absorption Refrigeration

I Absorption refrigeration plants shall be only lithium bromide and water absorption
refrigeration cycle package units completely assembled and delivered to the site.
These equipment shall not be specified unless requested specifically, in situations where
�,
J alternative sources of energy are not freely available.
y
r Plant shall be a single shell hermetic design which will be completely assembled, leak tested
3s and evacuated in the factory before shipment. Absorber, concentrator and evaporator shall be
d made of cupro nickel and other parts such as header shall be of copper. The arrangements shall
Pp enable easy access of tubes for repairs and all parts shall be tested to at least 150% of the
5 working pressures. The pumps in the plant shall be designed and arranged so as to facilitate
removal of drive motor without breaking the machine vacuum.

20 121
 Part IHI- Chapter 4 - Air Conditioning Plant

The plant shall be provided with a suitable control system either pneumatic or electrical, to
control the temperature of chilled water, to modulate heat energy input to the machine etc., and
controls for safety of plant, should the temperature in the evaporator becomes dangerously low
over heating the pump during the operation of plant.

4.12 Fan Coil Units

The heat exchange element shall be of solid drawn copper tube with welded headers and non-
ferrous bar fins, shall be tested to 700 kPa, and shall provide the cooling outputs as scheduled
when operating at low speed.

A bitumen coated drip tray with drain outlet and connection to a uPVC drain pipe shall be
provided under the element, with the discharge so arranged to be run to the nearest convenient
drain or as shown on the drawings.

The fans shall be double inlet, centrifugal type fully balanced with a totally enclosed, factory
lubricated, sealed sleeve bearing, three speed motors, all assembled as an easily withdrawable
unit for inspection and cleaning. Anti-vibration mountings shall be incorporated in the unit to
ensure that no vibration from the fan/motor combination is transmitted to the structure.

Each unit shall be provided with air cocks, union lock shield valves, on the returns and union
wheel valves on the flow as specified.

Each unit shall be fitted with a washable filter of flame retardant material, with an efficiency of
55% when tested using No 2 test dust to comply with the test requirement specified in BS
2831. Filter shall be easily removable through the access panel.

All internal wiring shall be integral with the unit and connected to the adjacent single phase
supply through a terminal block.

Each unit shall be provided with a four position switch giving high, normal, low and off
positions. Thermostatic control shall be provided in the form of control packages consisting of
three port control valves and associated wiring. Fan coil units in common areas are to be
interconnected to a common thermostat as indicated on the drawings.

Units mounted in plant rooms or in false ceilings shall have a remote mounted combined four
position switch and thermostat mounted in room as shown in the drawings.

122
 t Part I II- Chapter 4-Air Conditioning Plant

d 4.13 Air Handling Units

V
Draw-through air handling units shall be packaged factory assembled models as manufactured

by an approved manufacturer. Units shall be of double skinned construction insulated and

painted white externally and shall be sized according to the schedule of physical dimensions.

I-
The units shall be capable of providing the required air flow against the total air resistance of
d the system as installed and be capable of the required cooling duties, with chilled water, as

scheduled and shall be selected to achieve the required sound levels without additional duct
attenuators.

t The casings shall be double skinned and constructed of heavy gauge galvanised sheet steel

reinforced with mild steel angle or channel members. Access panels and hand holes shall be
provided underneath the units to give easy access to all parts of the unit.
·y
le The cooling coils shall be of non-ferrous construction and provided with a condensate drain
:o pan, the discharge arranged to be run to the nearest convenient drain or as shown on the

drawings. Maximum velocity of air flow through coil shall be 2.Sm/s. All sections outside the
internal air flow shall be insulated and vapour sealed.
n

The fans shall be of the belt driven centrifugal type with fully balanced impellers. The motors
shall be mounted inside the unit on adjustable mountings and be supplied complete with vee
rope drive and adjustable pulleys. Fan motors shall be capable of two speed and have an
operating margin of not less than 25% above the theoretical BHP. The duty of the fans shall be
related to the resistance of the system as actually installed.

5e
Filters shall be of the types as scheduled and specified hereafter.

A mixing box with multi-leaf dampers on both inlets shall be fitted to the air handling units
fr where scheduled.
of
)€
The fan units shall be fixed on flexible mountings suited to the characteristics of the unit, so
that no perceptible vibration is transmitted to the surrounding structure. Flexible sleeves shall
be provided on the inlet and outlet air conditioning connections to the Units to prevent
ur vibration been transmitted to the ductwork. These sleeves shall be approximately 150 mm
wide, of air proof non-organic flexible fabric or sheet and shall be held in place with heavy

22 123
 Part III- Chapter 4 - Air Conditioning Plant

metal bands or flanges. Supports shall be arranged to prevent any static loading being carried

by the flexible connection.

Anti-vibration mountings shall be installed to the air handling units (AHU) as per the

following requirements:

AHU/Fan speed up to 800 rpm - spring type 50 mm deflection.

AHU/Fan speed up to 1400 rpm - spring type 25 mm deflection.

AHU/Fan speed above 1400 rpm - rubber type 8 mm deflection.

High efficiency filters shall be provided within each air handling unit.

The filters shall be of the extended surface type with glass/synthetic fibre media, protected on
both sides with scrim positively located in steel holding frame with supporting wire mesh bag.
All metal parts shall be rust proofed and located in a steel installation frame providing for easy
withdrawal and shall be completely sealed with mastic or foam strip.

Each unit shall consist of clements which in total give the required air flow at an initial
resistance of not more than 50 N/m2 at a filtration efficiency of 99.2% for when tested using
No 2 dust in compliance with tests detailed in BS 2831.

4.14 Split Type Air-conditioning Units

The air cooled condensing units shall have self-contained compressors mounted in an anti
corrosive rust resistant, galvanized steel plate and double backed acryl resin finished casing.
Each condensing unit shall be suitably mounted on an angle iron structure with an air guide
louvre in the service area.

The fan coil units shall be of the direct expansion type with the cooling capacity scheduled
when operating with its associated condensing unit. The unit shall comprise of a cooling coil
of non-ferrous construction, double inlet centrifugal fan with totally enclosed motor and
condensate drain pan. The casing shall be of heavy gauge steel, insulated and vapour sealed
throughout. Fan coil units shall be either cassette type or wall mounted type as detailed and
scheduled on the drawings.

124
 Part III - Chapter 4-Air Conditioning Plant

Refrigerant connection between remote condenser and fan coil unit shall be made together
d
with all necessary valves, controls, wall mounted thermostat/fan switches, control wiring, etc.,
to make a complete installation. All refrigerant pipes shall be insulated with 19mm thick

e closed cell, flexible foamed pipe sleeves. Condensate drains shall be insulated with 6 mm
thick foam t.ape.

Unless otherwise specified the remote control thermostat/fan switch shall be mounted on the
wall at the same height as the light switches.

Condensate drain pipes shall be in PVC, to conforming to SLS 147 type 1000 or BS 3505
Class E with solvent cement joints and shall be laid to falls discharge into nearest drain point
complete with trap.

Refrigerant pipes on roof shall be properly supported and. protected with solar resistant
n aluminium tapes.
£. Refrigerant pipes down walls shall be installed in uPVC flush mounted duct. The control unit
sy for split units shall be wall mounted and shall have a rear entry cable entry suitable for wiring
in a concealed conduit installation.

ial 4.15 Package Roof Air-conditioning Units

ng
Draw through air handling units shall be packaged factory assembled rooftop models,
complete with matching condensing units.

The air handling unit shall be capable of providing the required air flow against the total air
resistance of the system as installed and be capable of the required cooling duties with
nti refrigerant.

ide The casing shall be constructed of heavy gauge galvanised sheet steel reinforced with mild
steel angle or channel members and with the cooling section adequately insulated. Access
panels and hand holes shall be provided as required to give easy access to ali parts of the unit.
led
The unit shall be suitably weather proofed for rooftop installation.
·oil
1nd
The cooling coil shall be of non-ferrous construction and provided with condensate drain pan,
led
with the discharge to be nm to the nearest convenient drain. Maximum velocity of air flow
nd
through the coil shall be 2.5 m/s. AII sections outside the internal air flow shall be insulated
and vapour sealed.

124
125
 Part II - Chapter 4 - Air Conditioning Plant

The fan shall be of the belt driven centrifugal type with fully balanced impellers. The motor

shall be mounted inside the unit on adjustable mountings and be supplied complete with vee

rope drive and adjustable pulleys. Fan motors shall have an operating margin of not less than
25% above the theoretical BHP. The duty of the fan shali be related to the resistance of system 5
as actually installed.

The primary filters shall be of the washable type and consist of demembraned polyurethane,
foam bounded around non-rusting internal reinforcement and contained in a frame made of 1.2
mm thick, rust-proofed mild steel finished in white stove enamel or of all plastic construction.
The individual elements shall be easily withdrawable and mounted in a rigid rust free frame.

Each unit shall consist of elements which in total give the required air flow at an initial

resistance of not more than 30N/m at a filtration efficiency of not less than 70% when tested
using No.2 dust in compliance with tests detailed in BS 2831.
5.
5..
Medium efficiency filters shall also be installed within the unit as shown on the drawing. The
filters shall be of semi-cleanable/throw away type having a glass {ibre filter medium with

scrim facing and rustless perforated front and back.

4.t6 Guards
Moving parts of all machines installed and supplied shall be protected by rust proofed
permanent guards, including all parts fixed at high level to which there is no permanent means
of access.

4.17 Holding Down Bolts

All plant equipment such as motors, pumps, fans, etc., shall be supplied complete with holding
down bolts of approved type, put in correct alignment and position and grouted in.
5.

5.

126
t

CHAPTER 5
r
e CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION
n

n 5.1 General
A complete control system shall be supplied and installed in the building as approved to meet
the control requirements and functions of the system as detailed on the drawings, schematics

and as specified. It shall include instruments for monitoring, adjustment and calibration of
2 various sections of the system described below. The Contractor shall submit detailed wiring
l.
diagrams for the electrical control system together with a detailed valve schedule giving
reference numbers, duty and pressure drops all of which shall be approved by the Engineer

prior to manufacture or delivery. Control system may be powered by pneumatic or by other

l suitable arrangement, provided the source of energy employed is the most economical.
d

5.2 Sensors
5.2.1 Temperature Sensors (Thermostats)
e
Thermostats provided shall suit the application and shall be of a commonly used types such as
h
(i) bi-metal
(ii) rod and tube
(iii) sealed bellows
(iv) remote bulb
d
(v) resistance ( electrical)
S

Room thermostats shall be of a concealed adjustment type with concealed indicators. Unless
otherwise specified thermostats shall be installed at a height of 1 .6m from the ground. Colour
of thermostat cover shall suit the room and its hardware.
g

5.2.2 Humidity Sensing Elements

Hygroscopic or electrical type of humidity sensors shall be used for the purpose.

5.2.3 Pressure Sensors (Pressure Gauges )

Pressure gauges shall be bellow, diaphragm or Bourdon tube type suitable for the work.
System pressure gauges shall be mounted directly at the point of sensing and are to be located
at a remote position. Pressure shall be transmitted via a stainless steel diaphragm seal
attachment fitted on the pipe lines.
-------------------------·------------
127
6
 Part II- Chapter 5 - Controls & Instrumentation

A gauge cock shall be provided in the sensing lines between the piping system and the pressure
gauge and pulsation dampers shall be provided for gauges used with reciprocating
compressors.

5.2.4 Water Flow Meters

When water flow rates are to be measured suitable flow meters shall be provided. The type of
flow meter to be used shall be selected on the range accuracy. Literature concerning the flow
meters shall indicate the range of working flow rates and accuracy of the instrument in this
range.

5.3 Controls
5.3.1 Control Valves
Electrically activated control valves shall regulate the pressure in the circuit it controls. Valves
shall be at the closed position when power supply is removed. The valve body, moving
components, seats etc., shall be of material suitable for the service requirements.

5.3.2 Chilled Water Control

The chilled water control circuit shall be fitted with a by pass valve controlled by a differential
pressure controller to maintain the pressure between the flow and return headers. In addition to
the controls integral with the packaged chillers, return sensors coupled with a suitable
controller and duty selector switch shall be provided on return headers to -
(i) turn chillers off at times of low load, and
(ii) bring chiller on line progressively as the temperature of the return water increases.

5.3.3 AHU/CU Start-Up and Controls : Recirculation Plant

Once the supply fan has started and an airflow has been proven via an airflow sensor in the
supply duct, the automatic control system shall be energized.

A temperature sensor located in the common return of the recirculating plants from the
controlled space shall work in conjunction with the chilled water cooling coils and the three
port modulating control valves to maintain the required temperature in the space, however
temperature adjustment shall be at the unit for the AHU's.

Each air handling unit shall be complete with locally mounted on/off switch and a controller.
Each fan coil unit shall be complete with locally mounted combined thermostat/ three speed
controller and on/off switch.

2s
 Part III - Chapter 5-Controls & Instrumentation

5.3.4 Indicating Panels

Large installations where controls are automatic, separate indicating panels shall be provided
giving a schematic representation of the system with its major components. Various circuits
shall be colour coded. Indicator panels shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with
the principles laid down by the 'Institution of Electrical Engineers' Regulations for Equipment
within Buildings with all controls and control setting indicators mounted thereon. Panels
shall be located at an accessible area near the central equipment. Panels shall be factory
constructed generally as per specification given under Control Panels in Part II of these
specifications, Electrical Installations. With Best quality mild steel not less than 2 mm in
thickness shall be used for floor standing panels and wall mounting panels larger than 1 meter
square shall be, factory wired, connected and delivered to site as one unit. For smaller panels
lighter gauge material may be used with the approval of the Engineer.

5.4 Auxiliary Controls

Auxiliary controls shall depend on the type of control system.

5.4.1 Electrical Controls

In the case of electrical control system, the control panel shall incorporate all safeguards
)
against failures due to mechanical and electrical faults generally as described in Part II, of
e
these specifications and as specified below. The system shall as also comply with the
associated tender drawings and equipment schedule.

The panel board shall be constructed weather proof using steel and/or timber. The panel shall
be installed with adequate space all round for easy access during repairs and maintenance.

e
The following provisions shall apply to all electrical cupboard type control panels containing
motor starter equipment, etc.

e
The selection of all electrical equipment shall be based on the recommendation laid down by
the British Standards Institute, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer. The control panels
shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with principles laid down by the 'Institute
of Electrical Engineers' Regulations for Equipment within buildings.

r.
The Automatic Controls Specialist shall take full responsibility for the integration of the
·d
automatic control system equipment to ensure correct operation and interlocking between
devices and equipment.

129
 Part HI - Chapter 5 - Controls & Instrumentation

The Automatic Controls Specialist shall provide a Senior Specialist Engineer to witness and

supervise where necessary the complete commissions of all motor starter and temperature
control equipment supplied with the system. This work shall be carried out on site during the

progress of the Contract and the cost shall be included for within the tender figure. The
purpose of the control panels is to centralise the control of various motor starter equipment for
fans, pumps etc., automatic temperature control equipment and to centralise the distribution to
j
various environmental package units.

Each of the water chillers shall have its own separate starter panel. These shall be in
accordance with the Cupboard type specification. Each of the panels shall have an individual

feed from the appropriate switchboard.

These panels shall form an integral part of the packaged refrigeration machine supplied by the

refrigeration machine manufacturer.

5.4.2 Pneumatic Controls

This system when incorporated shall include all compressed air supply system including the

compressor, connecting air line and electrical gear required for the system. Other than
electrical switch gear required for the system as outlined elsewhere the controls shall include-

(i) electro pneumatic relays

(ii) pneumatic - electric relays

(iii) pneumatic relays

(iv) positioning relays
(v) switching relays
(vi) gradual switches etc.

5.5 Pressurised Expansion Tank

Packaged pressurised, diaphragm type expansion tanks and pump unit for the chilled water
circuits, manufactured by an approved manufacturer shall be supplied and installed as
indicated on the drawings.

The tank shall be connected into the circulation system by means of an air purger consisting of
a one piece cast iron chamber with internal contoured waterways to separate entrained air from
the system water and to discharge the air through a separate float operated automatic air vent

130

7
 Part Ill - Chapter 5- Controls & Instrumentation

Control switches and fill arrangement shall also be provided.

The size of the unit shall be checked before ordering against the system as installed. The
installing, filling and commissioning procedure shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations.

5.6 Water Treatment

Prior to design of plant a typical water sample shall be tested in a reputed laboratory such as in
the Industrial Technology Institute (the successor to Ceylon Institute for Scientific and
Industrial Research) or in the National Building Research Organisation for impurities and
contaminants that may foul water lines, condensers etc., If water is found to contain
undesirable impurities and contaminants the plant shall incorporate a suitable water treatment
unit or the plant shall be designed to withstand adverse effects of contaminants. If in an
unavoidable situation untreated water is to be used the system shall be designed to overcome
such effects and the Contractor shall outline in full, the procedure and frequency of cleaning
and repairing of water lines.

)
131
 CHAPTER 6
INSULATION

6.1 General
The entire system including components that carry heated or chilled fluid shall be insulated
from the atmosphere. Vapour barriers in addition to insulations shall be used in areas that are
liable to cause condensation. In selecting a suitable insulating material other than the ones
specified, following characteristics shall be checked and agreed with the Engineer:
(i) fire properties
(ii) property to withstand rotting fungal growth and vermin attacks
(iii) possible health hazards.

All insulation material and adhesives used shall comply with the requirements stipulated by
the relevant authorities.

All adhesives, vapour barriers and coatings shall have the following indices (tests as defined in
BS 874 and BS 2972):

Ignitability Zero
Heat Evolved Zero
Smoke developed- Not greater than three

6.2 Thermal Insulation for Air-Conditioning Ductwork

6.2.1 General
Thermal insulation shall be provided on all surfaces operating at a surface temperature below
the surrounding air and when the surface temperature is below the dew point of the
surrounding air an impervious vapour barrier shall encase the outer surface of the insulation.

The insulation material for cooled surfaces shall be 50mm thick glass fibre slabs or pre-formed
sections with a thermal conductivity K' value not greater than 0.04 W/m"C.

Adhesives and sealers of approved manufacture shall be supplied. Slabs on ductwork 900
mm x 900 mm and over shall, in addition to an adhesive, be further held in position by means

of stick-clips and washers.

132
 Part II- Chapter 6 - Insulation

Any combustible facing shall be not more than 0.8 mm thick and comply with the relevant
regulations for flame spread.

As an alternative, foamed plastic slabs or preformed pipe sections may be used, only in
situations acceptable to the relevant fire authority or provided in local regulations. Such
materials shall have a K' value not greater than 0.04 Wm''C and be non-flammable or self
extinguishing.

Insulation provided to ductwork shall be finished so as to satisfy the following criteria :

(i) Air Conditioned

spaces
Surfaces of ductwork fixed in air conditioned areas shall be such that the differential
temperature of the finished surface to the due point of the surrounding air is greater
than 2c.

(ii) Non-Air Conditioned Spaces

Surfaces of duckwork fixed in areas where the differential temperature, air to
surrounding air due point is less than 2'C.

Vapour barriers shall be continued over the thermal insulation including branch connections,
flanges, hangers and similar equipment and where of necessity the insulation is terminated the
end shall be fully sealed.

Access doors in ductwork shall be fitted with purpose made, rigid fibre, removable covers
with quick release bands or fasteners.

All insulation applied to any ductwork or plant shall be neatly cut around all dampers, test
holes, thermometers, etc., to provide accessibility.

6
Alternative proposals for insulation, adhesives and finishes will be considered, but the standard
produced shall not be less than that given in the detailed specification.

Details of the alternative proposal must be submitted to the Engineer and approved by him
before commencing work on site.

All insulation, finishes and adhesives employed must be acceptable to the local tire authority.

133
 Part III - Chapter 6- Insulation

The Contractor shall submit samples of all types of insulation to the Engineer for approval.

6.2.2 Air Conditioned Spaces

Ductwork shall be insulated with rigid glass fibre slabs or pre-formed sections faced with
aluminium foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the metal
ductwork. Joints between slabs shall be covered with 75 mm wide plastic coated adhesive tape
fixed to a tack coat of adhesive on the aluminium surface.

6.2.3 Non Air Conditioned Spaces

Ductwork shall be insulated with rigid glass fibre slabs or preformed sections faced with
aluminium foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the metal
ductwork. All joints between slabs shall be covered with 75 mm wide plastic coated adhesive
tape fixed to a tack coat of adhesive on the aluminium surface. All raw edges shall be filled
with reinforced expanding foam. The insulation shall be covered with a coat of sealer and
whilst tacky, with a covering of heavy quality canvas, the whole then covered with a finishing
coat of sealer finishing material.

6.2.4 Plant Rooms

Ductwork shall be insulated with rigid glass fibre slabs or preformed sections faced with
aluminium foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the metal
ductwork. On rectangular ductwork 50 mm x 50 mm angle aluminium shall be fitted as
additional protection on all comers. The insulation shall be covered with a coat of sealer and
whilst tacky, with a covering of heavy quality canvas, the whole then covered with a finishing
coat of sealer, finishing material.

The insulation shall then be finished and protected with 0.55 mm 'hammered' aluminium
sheeting, all joints being overlapped and secured with pop rivets. Bends shall be neatly fanned
with segments and tees gartered and bands shall be fitted at all termination points.

6.2.5 External Ductwork

Ductwork shall be insulated as for non- air conditioned spaces but shall be covered with final
protective coating of 0.55 mm 'hammered' aluminium sheeting, all joints overlapped and
secured with pop rivets. Bends shall be neatly fanned with segments and tees gartered and
bands shall be fitted at all termination points.
 Part III- Chapter 6 - Insulation

6.2.6 Fittings
Fittings requiring insulation shall be covered with an insulation of thickness of equal to that
of the adjacent duct and cut to shape. It shall then be fixed to the metal and to adjacent
insulation with the appropriate adhesive and with any open joints filled in with a mixture of
mastic and granulated insulation; thereafter the whole smoothed down by building up sharp
corners with mastic, covered with reinforced expanding foam, a further coating of sealer and
painted in accordance with the requirements for the adjacent ductwork.

6.2.7 Supports
Hangers and brackets supporting insulated services in non-air-conditioned spaces shall be
fixed external to the thermal insulation and vapour barrier with a 1.6 mm thick galvanised
sheet half sleeve with a length of not less than one twentieth of the circumference of the duct.
Rigid insulating material is to be inserted between the sleeve and the duct of thickness equal to
that of the normal insulation.

6.3 Thermal Insulation for Air Conditioning Pipework

6.3.1 General
Thermal insulation shall be provided on all surfaces operating· at a surface temperature below
the surrounding air and when the surface temperature is below the dew point of the
surrounding air an impervious vapour barrier shall encase the outer surface of the insulation.

The insulating material for cooled surfaces shall be rigid glass fibre slabs or preformed
sections with a thermal conductivity (K) value not greater than 0.04 W/m'C,

Any combustible facing shall not be more than 0.8mm thick and comply with the relevant
regulations for flame spread.

If put forward as an alternative, foamed plastic slabs or preformed pipe sections may only be
used where acceptable by the Fire Authority or Local Regulations and shall have a 'K' value
not greater than 0.04 W/m"C and be non-flammable or self extinguishing.

The following are terms for the standards of finishes for different areas:
(i) Air conditioned space surface or pipework fixed in areas where the
differential temperature, water to
surrounding air dew point is greater than

'c.
 Part III - Chapter 6- Insulation

(ii) Non-Air Conditioned space surfaces or pipework fixed in areas

where the differential temperature, water to
surrounding air dew point is less than 2'C.

Vapour barriers shall be continuous over the thermal insulation including connections, flanges,
valves, pumps, hangers and like equipment and where of necessity the insulation is terminated
the end shall be fully sealed. Vents shall not be insulated within the building.

All insulated pipework shall be coloured in accordance with the colour code specified in BS
1710.

All insulation applied to any pipework or plant shall be neatly cut around gaugers, thermostats,
etc., to provide accessibility.

Alternative proposals for insulation and finishes will be considered, but the standard produced
shall not be less than that given in the detailed specification.

Details of the alternatives must be submitted to the Engineer and approved by him before
commencing work on site.

All insulation, finishes and adhesive employed must be acceptable to the local fire authority.
The Constructor shall submit samples of all types of insulation to the Er:gineer for approval.

6.33.2 Chilled Water Pipework

The thickness of insulation shall be as follows:
15 mm to 50 mm pipework, 32 mm thick
65 mm pipework and over, 50 mm thick
Valves and flanges shall be insulated
Alli external pipework shall be insulated to 50 mm thick.

6.3.3 Air Conditioned Spaces

The insulation shall be rigid glass fibre reinforced pre-formed sections faced with aluminium
1
foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the pipe surface.
Joints shall be mde with 75 mn wide plastic adhesive tape with a tack coat of adhesive on the
aluminium surface.
.-- -------·-·· ···-·-----------·---
136
 Part III- Chapter 6 - Insulation

6.3.4 Runouts
Runouts to individual room units, if not greater than 20 mm diameter, may be insulated with
19 mm thick, closed cell, flexible foamed pipe sleeves with a thermal conductivity (K) value
not greater than 0.04 W/m'C. Condensate drains shall be insulated with 6 mm thick closed cell,
flexible foam tape.

6.3.5 Non-Air Conditioned Spaces

The insulation shall be rigid glass fibre reinforced pre-formed sections faced with aluminium

foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the pipe surface. All
joints between sections shall be covered with 75 mm wide plastic contact adhesive tape fixed
to a tack coat of adhesive on the aluminium surface. All raw edges shall be filled with
reinforced expanded foam. The insulation shall be covered with a coat of sealer, and whilst
tacky with a covering of heavy quality canvas; the whole being then covered with a finishing
coat of sealer, and finishing material.

6.3.6 Plant Rooms

The insulation shall be rigid glass fibre reinforced pre-formed sections faced with aluminium
foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the pipe surface. All
joints between sections shall be covered with 75 mm wide plastic contact adhesive tape fixed
to a tack coat of adhesive on the aluminium surface. Al! raw edges shall be filled with
reinforced expanded foam. The insulation shall be covered with a coat of sealer and whilst
tacky a covering of heavy quality canvas; the whole then covered with a finishing coat of
sealer and finishing material.

The insulation shall then be finished and protected with 0.55 mm 'hammered' aluminium
sheeting, all joints overlapped and secured with pop rivets. Bends shall be neatly formed with
segments, tees gartered and bands shall be fitted at all termination points.

6.3.7 External to Building above Ground

The insulation shall be rigid glass fibre reinforced pre-formed sections faced with aluminium
foil/paper laminate, securely fixed with an approved adhesive directly to the pipe surface. All
joints between sections shall be covered with 75 mm wide plastic contact adhesive tape fixed
to a tack coat of adhesive on the aluminium surface. All raw edges shall be filled with
reinforced expanded foam. The insulation shall be covered with a coat of sealer and whilst
tacky with a covering of heavy quality canvas; the whole being then covered with a finishing
coat of sealer, and finishing material.

137
 Part III- Chapter 6 - Insulation

The insulation shall then be finished and protected with 0.55 mm 'hammered' aluminium
sheeting, all joints overlapped and secured with pop rivets. Bends shall be neatly formed with
segments, tees gartered and bands shall be fitted at all termination points.

6.3.8 External to the Building below Ground

Pipework and fittings below ground shall be of the pre-insulated 'pipe within a pipe' system.
The inner pipe shall be steel with an outer casing of polyethylene securely bonded to the inner
pipe with rigid polyurethane foam. Joints shall be carried out using specially developed plastic
coated steel fittings and purpose made bends and tees. Expansion of the underground mains
shall be checked by the specialist manufacturers and purpose made foam pads shall be Installed
in accordance with their recommendations.

6.3.9 Flanges, Valves and Fittings

Flanges, valves and fittings requiring insulation shall be covered with an insulation of
thickness equal to that of adjacent pipe and cut to shape. It shall then be fixed to the metal
and to adjacent insulation with the appropriate adhesive and with say open joints filled in with
a mixture of mastic and granulated insulation; thereafter the whole smoored down by
hereafter building up sharp corners with mastic, covered with tape, and a further coating of
sealer to be vapour sealed. The insulation shall be finished to match the adjacent pipework,
except that all valves in plant rooms shall be finished with 0.91 mm thick 'hammered'
aluminium boxes which shall be designed for easy removal and access for maintenance

f without disturbing the insulation on the adjacent pipework.

6.3.10 Supports
Hangers and brackets supporting insulated services in non-air conditioned spaces shall be fixed
external to the thermal insulation and vapour barrier with a 1.6 mm thick galvanised sheet half
sleeve of not less than twice the bore of the pipe. Rigid insulating material or timber rings shall
be inserted between the sleeve and the pipe. On services in air conditioned spaces the bracket
or support shall be fixed to the pipe and the thermal insulation and vapour barrier carried over
and any gap filled in with mastic.

1 6.4. Hot Water Piping

Hot water piping shall be insulated using fibre glass blankets of not less than 25 mm thickness.

t Valves, pumps and strainers shall be neatly boxed in, using sectional styrene insulation with
internal cavities filled, and external surface finished as specified for the piping. Boxes shall be
trimmed around the top of the valves leaving the gland exposed for inspection and re-packing.

7 138
 Part II- Chapter 6 - Insulation
-
.., Detachable boxes shall be provided for pumps.

6.5 Hot Water Pressure Tanks

rnsulation of hot water pressure tanks shall be of fibreglass blankets of not less than l 00 mm
thick with aluminium paper covering.

139
 CHAPTER 7
COMMISSIONING OF PLANT AND SUBMISSION OF DOCUMENTS

7.1 Testing and Commissioning

The contractor shall upon completion commissioning and testing the system submit two
copies of a comprehensive report on commissioning and testing to the Engineer for approval.

Prior to commencement of commissioning a detailed procedure schedule is to be provided by

the Contractor for the approval of the Engineer.

Initial start-up and commissioning of the chiller unit shall be done by or in the presence of the
approved supplier. Final commissioning report shall be approved and signed by the supplier.

Finally the Contractor shall demonstrate to the Engineer that the operation and the installation
is in accordance with the specification.

All testing and commissioning records shall be bound into the operation and maintenance
manuals when the system has been successfully completed and witnessed by the Engineer.

7.2 Record Drawings

The Contractor is expected to keep one set of white prints of his approved drawings on site
throughout the contract. This set of prints shall be used solely to record the progress of works
and the exact nature of any deviation in the installation from that detailed on the approved
working drawings. The prints shall be kept up to date on a day to day basis and shall be
available for inspection by the Engineer at any time during working hours.

At the completion of each section of the work a record drawing should be prepared by the
Contractor for submission to the Engineer.

The record drawings shall show the position of every item of plant, all pipework runs, valves,
drain cocks and all items requiring access for maintenance or cleaning and any other item of
equipment forming part of the Mechanical Services Installation. Where relevant all sizes,
capacities or ratings of equipment shall be given. All items buried or otherwise concealed shall
be precisely located on the 'as installed' drawings by means of dimensions taken on site from
some readily identifiable point (ie. main walls of building or finished floor levels). Where

140
 Part II- Chapter 7 - Commissioning of Plant & Submission of Documents

necessary, the Contractor shall also produce sections, elevations and part plans.

When all record drawings have been submitted to the Engineer and have subsequently been
approved, the Contractor shall supply copies of these drawings in the following forms:

(i) Three sets of prints on white paper.

(ii) One set of plastic copy negatives.
(iii) Three sets of' reduced' prints on A4 size card.
(Suitable for inclusion in operating and maintenance manual binder.)

7.3 Operating and Maintenance Manual

The Contractor shall submit for approval an Operating and Maintenance Manual. This should
include following items.

() Brief description of the system and the list of all parties involved in the project;
architects, consultants, contractors etc.

(ii) Equipment schedule with make and model

(iii) Manufacturer's catalogues for all items of equipment forming the mechanical services
installation

(iv) Manufacturer's operating and maintenance instructions for any item of plant chillers,
pumps, air handling units, tanks etc.

(v) Manufacturer's drawings and spare parts schedule for the major items of equipment.

(vi) List of local suppliers and manufacturers of all items of equipment forming the
mechanical services installation with their addresses, telephone/telex/fax numbers,
contact personnel etc.

(vii) Reduced prints of services installation on A4 size card.

(viii) A Copy of the commissioning report.

141
 Part III - Chapter 7 - Commissioning of Plant & Submission of Documents

The Contractor having obtained the Engineer's approval for the Operating and Maintenance
Manual shall supply three copies in PVC covered binders, PRIOR TO COMPLETION
CERTIFICATES BEING ISSUED.

7.4 Maintenance Tools

Each plant room shall be provided with a set of spanners, gland keys and other special tools
required for testing or dismantling such items of equipment as compressors, pumps, valves,
fans, coolers, etc., together with suitable holding rack arranged for wall fixing for one set and a

padlocked box for the other two sets.

Two keys shall be provided for each size of lock-shield regulating valve air cock, automatic air
valve or other valve requiring special tools to operate, together with duplicate keys for any
clockwork mechanism or locks or instruments, safety valves, etc., supplied under the Contract.

Two grease guns of the lever type with oiling heads to suit grease nipples on equipment
should also be supplied.

7.5 Spare Parts

The Contractor shall supply sufficient spare parts for each item of the equipment to provide
maintenance for two years all in accordance with the recommendations of the individual
manufacturers of equipment and as agreed in the contract.

142
 PART- IV
LIFTS
CONTENTS
Pages
Chapter 1-General Requirements
1.1. Introduction 146

1.2 Scope of Work 146

I .3 Regulations and Standards .. .. . .. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . .. .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. 146

1.4 Drawings . 147

1.4. l Tender Dra\vings . 147

1.4.2 Working Drawings or Shop Drawings . 147

I .4.3 Provision of Electrical Diagrams 148

1.4.4 Builders Work Drawings and Instructions . 149

1.5 Danger Notices . 149
1.6 Ventilation · . 149
1.7 Electrical Insulations . 150
1.7. l Electricity Supply , . 150
1.7.2 Electrical Wiring, Lights and Indicators . 150

l.7.3 PVC Insulated Cables . 15 l

1.7.4 Travelling Cables . 151
1.8 Motor . l 51
1.9 Steel Work . 151

I.IO Manufacturer's Data . 151

Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger and Goods Lifts

2.1 Guides and Fixings . 153

2.2 Counter Weight . 153

2.3 Ropes . 153

2.3. l Suspension Ropes . 153
2.3.2 Compensating Ropes . 154
2.4 Buffers . 154
2.5 Top and Bottom Clearances . 154
2.6 Car Fraine . 154
2.7 Car Enclosure - Passenger 155

2.8 Car and Landing Entrances ................................................ , . 156

2.8.1 Landing Doors and Entrances for Passenger Lifts 158

143
2.9 Car and Landing Door Operator 159
2. IO Car Door and Gate Contacts 160
2.11 Landing Door and Gate Interlocks I 60
2.12 Indicators 160

2.13 Emergency Opening and Devices for Cars 160

2.13.1 Emergency Opening 160
2.13.2 Emergency Stop 'I 61
2. 13.3 Interphone 161

2.13.4 Alarm Bell 161

2.13.5 Emergency Lighting 161

2.14 Driving Machinery .........888888888888888............88·................................. 16l

2.14.1 Traction .Drives .. .•. 16l
2.14.2 Gear Boxes 162
2.14.3 General Machine 162
2.14.4 Sheaves and Supporting Beams 162
2.14.5 I-land Gear 162
2.14.6 Vibration .-........................ 162
2.15 Car Control and Controllers 163
2.15.1 Car Control system 163
2.15.2 Controllers 163
2.15.3 Terminal Stopping Devices 163
2.16 Safety Gear 163
2.16.1 Rope Slack 163
2.16.2 Safety Gear and Governor .. 164
2.16.3 Wedge Clamp Type Safety Gear 164
2.16.4 Overload Protective Device 164
2.17 Car Operation and Control System 164
2.17 .1 Simplex Collective (for Single Elevator) .. 164
2.17.2 Group Control System (for more than one Elevator) 165
2.18 Automatic Rescue Operation 167
2.19 Emergency Back-up System 167
2.20 Operation & Control - Automatic Micro Touch Buttons 167
2.21 Reversed Operation Under Emergency Use(Applicable for Hospital Bed Elevator)... 168
2.22 Door Close Delay Function (Applicable for Hospital Bed Elevator
unless otherwise specified) ...........8888.................................80..8............. 168
2.3 Attendant Service ...........8............8................................................... 168

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2.24 Fireman's Switch .. .. 168
2.25 Control Switch in Lift Pit .. .. .. 169
2.26 Car Load Weighing Device - Automatic By-Pass 169
2.28 Arrival Gong 169

2.29 Painting .. 169

Chapter 3-Testing , Commissioning and Submissions

3.1 Testing and Commissioning 170
3 .2 Record Drawings .. . . . .. .... . .. .. .. . . . .. . .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. . . . . .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . .. .. 1 70

3.3 Operating and Maintenance Instructions 171

3 .4 Maintenance of Installation . 172

3.5 Spares and Tools 172

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 CHAPTER 1
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1 Introduction
The lift and equipment proposed shall be of a reputed manufacture and shall be represented
locally by a well established firm comprising qualified engineers and technical staff and
capable of offering an efficient after sales service and who will also maintains adequate
quantities of spares for the complete range of products. The lift manufacturer and local
agent/supplier shall be in a capacity to design and supply equipment to comply with the
requirements of the Contract.

The supply shall blend aesthetically with the architecture of the building and the environment
in which the lift works.

1.2 Scope of Work

The work involved within this specification shall comprise of designing, manufacturing,
supplying, delivery, installing commissioning and maintenance of lift and all connected
equipment. Whilst the lift and equipment should meet with the technical specification outlined,
the scope of work by the suppliers shall also cover co-ordination to various trades involved in
the supply and installation of lift machinery and allied equipment.

Architectural requirements regarding the finishes will be as indicated in the particular

specification. At the option of the client the contractor shall be agreeable to enter into a
comprehensive maintenance contract for a period of not less than five years after completing
the defects liability period. Under this agreement the Contractor shall provide all necessary
spare parts, replacements and to routine maintenance and service, breakdown calls etc. during
and after normal working hours all for a fixed price.

1.3 Regulations and Standards

Unless otherwise specified the whole of the works shall comply with the following regulations
and standards or any other equivalent standard subject to the approval of the Engineer.

(i) The relevant parts of latest British standard, British Standard codes of practice or
Japanese Industrial Standards/Codes of Practice.

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 Part IHW- Chapter I- General Requirements
------------------------
(ii) British Standard Code of practice CP 407 (latest issue)

1.4 Drawings
Specification for drawings shall be generally as in Part I, of these specifications. Following
specific requirements shall be referred together with the relevant clauses in Part I of these
specifications.

1.4.l Tender Drawings

Tender drawings shall indicate the location of the lifts in a building, together with proposed
sizes of lift shafts. All architectural features of the building and the lift shaft areas shall be
clearly understood by the manufacturer so that the lifts supplied shall blend, architecturally
and aesthetically with the character of the building and meet the requirements of the type of
service intended. Equipment catalogues should be submitted with the tender.

1.4.2 Working Drawings or Shop Drawings

These drawings containing complete information of the equipment to be supplied together
with detailed installation drawings shall be submitted for the approval of the Engineer prior to
commencing the manufacture of any component of the lift.

Whilst it shall remain the responsibility of the Contractor to identify and provide full and
detailed installation drawings the following is a guide to the categories which will be required:-

(i) General arrangement drawings showing detailed layout of lift wells and steel work in
equipment room with dead loads on beams.

(ii) Carframe, conveyor arrangement and safety gear.

(iii) Details of landing entrances.

(iv) Door and door operating mechanisms.

(v) Winding or driving gear complete with controls and control panels. In case of
hydraulic lifts, circuits with piping, pumps, valves, jacks etc.

(vi) Safety appliances.

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 Part IV - Chapter I - General Requirements

(vii) Wiring in lift car.

(viii) Circuit diagrams

(ix) Section through lift wells and motor rooms showing positions of built 111 fixing
devices.

(x) General arrangement drawings of all plant and equipment, switch and distribution
boards etc., showing the positions of the equipment and associated ancillaries,
trunking, racking and cable connections etc.

Details of holes required for all devices including landing buttons positions indicators and hall
lanterns shall be provided.

Electrical power requirement in the machine room and the loads in the machine room and the
lift pit shall clearly indicated.

Working drawings shall be to a minimum scale of 1/50 with details at 1/20.

The Contractor shall be responsible for any discrepancies, errors or omissions in the drawing
and other particulars, whether approved by the Engineer or not, provided that such

discrepancies, errors or omissions are not due to inaccurate information or particulars

furnished in writing to the Contractor by the Engineer.

1.4.3 Provision of Electrical Diagrams

Wiring diagrams and circuits shall be provided in respect of all electrical equipment and'or
systems which form part of the Contract works.

Such diagrams shall be fully comprehensive and shall co-ordinate the manufacturers' data in
respect of individual items of equipment so as to present, as a whole, the complete information
for any interconnected group or groups of such items. They shall include -
(i) Co-ordinated wiring/connection details between equipment and cables showing
terminal block coding, cable core size and identification.

(ii) Schematic layouts presented in ladder ' or a similar format such that it is possible to
comprehend the operation of a particular system the inter-connection between the

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 Part IW- Chapter I - General Requirements

various systems and to identify the components and wiring/connections shown on co-
ordinated wiring connection diagrams.

1.4.4 Builder's Work Drawings and Instructions

Builder's work drawings shall be prepared and agreed between the parties involved prior to
supply of equipment on site. Drawings shall be prepared after a thorough examination of the
lift well. The structural stability of the landing and the equipment room base slab shall be
checked prior to the issue of drawings and instructions to the builder. Builder's work drawing
shall clearly indicate-

(i) Inserts and fixtures that go into the building structure for fixing of rails guides,
architraves, steps etc.,

(ii) Safe clearances between lift car, counter-weight and the building structure,

(iii) Pit depths and location of buffers,

(iv) Structural protrusions which need to be removed or bevelled suitably,

(v) Nearest point at which the mains supply must be made available, during erection as
temporary supply,

(vi) Nearest point at which mains supply must be made available for the permanent
installation,

1.5 Danger Notices

During the erection stage, danger notices shall be placed on all landing openings and other
working areas where accidents are likely to occur. Permanent danger notices shall be clearly
displayed on the entrance door to machine room, near machines and electrical power panels.

1.6 Ventilation
Motor room or machine room, lift shaft, the lift car etc. shall be provided with adequate
ventilation. Ventilation provided must be capable of handling heat generation in :he
machinery. Top of each lift shaft shall be provided with at least 930 cm2 space area for
ventilation purpose. This shall be checked by the Lift Contractor prior to installation and if
found inadequate, same shall be brought to the notice of building designers for consideration.

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 Part IV - Chapter I - General Requirements

1. 7. Electrical Installations
Reference shall be made to the Part II, of these specifications for the specifications not covered
under the following clauses.

1.7.1 Electricity Supply

The electrical supply will be 3 phase, 4 wire, 50 Hz, alternating current at 400 volts between
phases and 230 volts between phase and neutral.

All electrical motors and their switch and control gear shall be designed for a 3 phase AC
power supply of 400V at 50Hz. All electrical appliances within the lift car shall be designed
for a single phase AC supply of 230 Vat 50Hz.

1.7.2 Electrical Wiring, Lights and Indicators

All electrical wiring in the lift, controllers and equipment shall be carried out in sound and
efficient manner, in accordance with accepted international standards.

All cables other than travelling cables shall be armoured or enclosed in steel conduit, duct or
trunking or be of mineral insulated metal sheathed type.

Each lift circuit shall be provided with a means to isolate the motors, controllers and automatic
circuit breaker.

The metal frame work of the lift, equipment, machinery, switch gear and electric conduits
shall be properly earthed. In case of the car frame earthing shall be achieved via a conductor in
the travelling cable.

Power supply to all machinery shall be 400 Y_. 3 phase 50 Hz. and in case of the lift car the
power supply shall be 230 V, single phase, 50 Hz.

Car interior shall be provided with adequate artificial lighting to suit the design of the lift
which will be as detailed in the particular specification. The lighting shall be provided by
concealed fluorescent lamps.

The machine room shall be provided with adequate lighting and provision shall be allowed for
f socket outlets for hand lamps in the machine room, on top of lift car, lift well and basement pit.

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 Part W -Chapter I -General Requirements
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1.7.3 PVC Insulated Cables
PVC insulated cables shail be 450/750 V grade, manufactured in accordance with BS 6004.

1.7.4 Travelling Cables

Travelling cables between car and lift well shall have flame retarding and moisture resisting
outer cover. They shall be flexible and suitably anchored and suspended to relieve strains in
the individual conductors.

1.8 Motors
Type of motor to be used shall be chosen depending on the supply characteristics, car speed
and quality of service. Motors provided shall run at speeds less than or equal to 1000 rev/min
unless otherwise specified and depending on the speed of the lift car and shall operate with the
necessary levels of silence at all loads.

Starting torque of motor shall be at least twice the full load torque. The shaft of the rotor shall
extend beyond the motor housing and have the facility to connect a hand wheel for emergency
hand winding.

Motors shall be rated to comply with the temperature rise limitations in services as stated in
clause 3.1- Testing.

Motors and motor generator sets shall have ventilated protected enclosures or totally enclosed
and shall be provided with thermistor type thermal overload protection.

Motor insulation shall be class B specified in British Standards.

1.9 Steel Work

The contractor shall include rates for the supply and erection of the whole of the. steel work
required for the support of his machines, sheaves, guides, door tracks, gear etc. complete
subject to the approval of the Architect and the Engineers.

1.10 Manufacture's Data

The lift manufacturer/ supplier shall submit complete information of the lift including
dimensional sketches.

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 Part IV- Chapter - I General Requirements

Data submitted shall include, but not be limited to -

(i) Section of lift well and motor room with location of car and counter weight etc. and all

critical dimensions.

(ii) Maximum number of passengers that can be accommodated and maximum load

carrying capacity of lift.

(iii) Car and landing door opening mechanism

(iv) Contract speed of lift

(v) Details of control system

(vi) Safety features

(vii) Emergency opening.

(viii) Type and size of lift rope in case of electric lift or grade of hydraulic oil in case of

hydraulic lifts.

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 CHAPTER 2
ELECTRIC PASSENGER AND GOODS LIFTS

2.1 Guides and Fixings

Guides for car and counterweight shall consist of steel 'tee' section machined rails on formed
rails erected plumb and securely fastened to the lift well by heavy steel brackets. The ends of
guides shall be provided with tongued and grooved or forming matched joints and shall be
connected with steel fish plates and bolts necessary for fixing the guide rails to the building
structure.

Straightness of the guides shall be within 0.05 mm and the defection of guides shall not exceed
3 mm under normal operation.

Guide Rails shall be provided with a system for lubricating automatically such as by providing
self lubricating type shoes or by wick lubrication. Where wick lubrication is used a drip pan
should be provided below the guides in the pit to catch surplus oil.

Guide shoes should have liners of nylon or other suitable material to absorb shocks and to
provide good riding comfort.

2.2 Counter Weight

Counter weights shall consist of cast iron or steel sections in a structural steel frame with
suitable guide shoes. After balancing the counter weights should be locked in position by bolts
to avoid noise and sliding. In heavier or larger lifts the sections shall be weighted by lead so as
to reduce the dimensions of the counter weight arrangement. The counter weight provided
shall balance at least 50% of maximum car load and shall be fitted with guide shoes.

2.3 Ropes
2.3.1 Suspension Ropes
The suspension ropes shall be from a specialised rope manufacturer, specially manufactured
.
for elevators each capable of sustaining the weight of the car with safety.
The manufacturer's test certificate for the ropes shall be provided.

Not less than two ropes independent of one another shall be used for suspensiori. No car or

counter weight rope shall be spliced other than for the purpose of attachment to counter-

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 Part IW- Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

weight, car or anchorage. Each rope shall have its own independent attachment.

Care shall be taken during installation to ensure that, the ropes are taut and there are no kinks
due to mishandling.

2.3.2 Compensating Ropes

Where required, compensating ropes shall be provided between the car and counter weight,

passing round a pulley in the pit. The ropes shall be tensioned by gravity and a safety switch
shall be provided.

2.4 Buffers
The lift car and the counter weights shall be fitted with suitable buffers conforming to BS 5655
to compress and absorb shocks of a fully loaded car or counter weight. Buffers shall be located

suitably so as to maintain the car and counter weight in equilibrium on hitting the buffers.

Spring buffers should be used for speed upto I mis. For speeds above I mis, oil buffers of
spring return type should be used.

2.5 Top and Bottom Clearances

The lift car and counter weight shall have adequate clearances inside the lift well. Pit depth of
the lift shaft shall be ascertained to make certain that the buffers are appropriate and suitable
for bringing the car and counter weight, to rest without excessive and uncomfortable shock.
Car bottom clearance shall be at least 600 mm when the buffers are fully compressed. The
bottom pit of the well shall be provided with a safe and permanent access.

In the event the pit depth being inadequate for contract speed, suitable speed reducing controls
shall be incorporated to reduce terminal speed.

Overhead clearance of lift shall be checked for suitability of safe operation of the lift at its
contract speed.

2.6 Car Frame

The car frame shall be constructed of steel members reinforced and braced to relieve the car
enclosure of undue strains in the event of the operation of the safety gear or by the lift being
arrested in its travel by impact with the buffers.

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 Part IW - Chapter 2- Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

Adjustable guide slippers shall be fixed on the top and bottom of the frame.

The steel suspension ropes shall be attached to the car frame with provision for taking up any
inequalities between the ropes. The rope should be connected to thimble rod by babit metal
mouiding and springs should be fixed between thimble rod and car frame to avoid transmission
of vibrations to the car.

2.7 Car Enclosure-Passenger Lift

The car shall be of meta! construction with the walls, doors and fittings in a suitable finish
subject to the approval of the Architect/Engineer. The design, shall in general, meet the
minimum requirements incorporated in the car enclosure and shall conform to the following
specifications.

(i) The clear internal height should be at least 2.5 m.

(ii) The roof of the car shall be sufficiently reinforced to withstand the distributed weight
of two men.

(iii) Mechanical means of ventilation shall be provided in the design of the car enclosure
consistent with the designated occupancy of the lift.

(iv) Each car shall be fitted with emergency hatch way on the roof for emergency
purposes. It shall have a minimum size of 450 x 500 mm and open outwards.

(v) All emergency exits should be fitted with electric interlocks, which will prevent the lift
from being operated if an exit is left open.

(vi) Inspection controls shall be fitted to call passenger carrying lifts in accordance with
relevant British Standards. A 13A, 3 pin switched socket outlet and a permanent light
of the protected bulkhead or well glass type with controlling switch shall also be
provided on top of the car.

(vii) Toe guard should be provided for full entrance opening width.

(viii) Lighting shall be provided by means of fluorescent lamps concealed above a dropped
ceiling. The lighting circuit shall be taken from the lift machine room.

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 Part IV- Chapter 2- Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

(ix) An emergency lighting system shall be provided which will give not less than three
hours lighting time using a rechargeable battery in case of mains failure.

(x) A data plate should be fixed on the cross head showing the load on ropes, contract load
and speed.

(xi) An alarm bell and telephone shall be installed to enable a call for assistance when lift
failure occurs between floors.

(xii) Car operating micro touch buttons or other car controls as specified shall be provided.
In case of micro touch buttons they should not have mechanical displacement of more

than 0.5 mm.

Lift car shall be constructed of steel and lined internally with plastics and or other

accepted materials suitable for tropical climates.

Suitable hand rails shall be fitted in passenger lifts and the car platform shall be lined
with a suitable material that can resist abrasion etc .. When goods lifts are installed it is
necessary to consider in detail the type of loads to be carried and the loading and
unloading arrangement. Such lifts shal I be able to withstand loads of pallet trucks and
other appliances during loading and unloading operations.

Materials used in the construction of the lift car, and its allied machinery shall comply
with British Standards or similar international standard with regard to fire-resistance,
smoke control and flame spread and other fire safety requirements specified therein.
All material shall withstand intense heat during a fire within acceptable limits.

2.8 Car and Landing Entrances

Car and landing entrances shall be provided with doors extending to full height and width of
the car opening and landing opening respectively to the following specifications.

Doors shall be properly designed to eliminate draughts, noise, risks of injury and shall
provide a good and acceptable appearance. Passenger lifts shall not be equipped with
collapsible gates.

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 Part IV - Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lufts

Type of door in lift car shall be decided from the following options depending on the
opening required in the car for the purpose of the lift in use.

() Two panel centre opening type doors. Panels open in two directions. (for passenger
lifts)

(ii) Two panel with one sliding panel moving behind a stationary panel (for hospital

service and special cargo purposes)

(iii) Three panel with two sliding panels moving behind a stationary panel.

(iv) Four panel sliding, two speed centre opening type doors.

(v) Multi panel sliding doors

(vi) Vertical bi-parting doors, with two panels sliding vertically upwards and down wards.

Every landing door shall be rated for one and a half fire hour resistance.

Doors shall be power operated using AC motors in the car door and shall be coupled to the

landing door, by a suitable mechanism so that the doors open in unison.

Doors on passenger lifts shall be generally in accordance with the following specifications.

The entrances shall be protected by horizontal sliding metal doors with the finish and opening
arrangements as detailed in the schedule of requirements. Panel rigidity shall be obtained by
suitable steel reinforcement.
The doors shall be hung on sheave hangers running on a polished steel track and guided at the
bottom by non-metal shoes sliding in a smooth threshold groove. Door hanger sheave shall
have non-metallic contact with the track for smooth and noiseless door operation.

Suitable means shali be used to transmit motion from one door panel to the other.

The car landing doors and their tracks shall withstand a thrust not less than 350 N (35 kg.9)
applied normally at any point.

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 Part IV - Chapter 2 -Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

Each car door and gate shall be provided with an electrical contact arranged to prevent the
operation of the lift unless the door is closed and the interlocking circuit established.

2.8.1 Landing Doors and Entrances for Passenger Lifts

Landing doors and entrances for passenger lifts shall be generally 111 accordance with the
following specifications:

(i) Unit Frames

The frames shall consist of head and jamb sections with integral trim. On the wall side
the frames shall be carried back far enough to present a neat appearance, and shall be
secured to the sill and door hanger supports or structure. Architraves on all floors
should cover full thickness of entrance wall. Finish should be to the Architect's
requirement.

(ii) Sills
The sills shall be of a finish that will meet the requirement given in Annexure C and
shall have an approved non-slip wearing surface. They shall be in one piece, of
sufficient length to suit the two supporting struts and grooved for the door guides.

(iii) Doors
Doors shall be of the type specified in the schedules. The door panels shall be formed
to match the unit frames. The bottom of the doors shall be provided with guides to run
in the sill slots with minimum clearance. Door hanger roller shall have non metallic
contact with the header track for smooth door operation.

(iv) Toe Guards

All landing entrances to be provided with 'Toe Guards' for the full width of the
entrance opening.

(v) Erections
All work shall be set in perfect alignment with lift car opening and landing. All
structural parts shall be painted.

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 Part IW- Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

2.9 Car and Landing Door Operator

The car and landing door operator shall be generally in accordance with the following
specifications. The Tenderer may propose any equivalent or superior system available and
substantiate with documents.

An AC variable voltage variable frequency type door operator shall be provided to open and
close the car and landing doors when the car is at a landing. The car door and landing door at
any landing shall be opened and closed simultaneously. They shall be power opened and
closed. Door movements shall be cushioned or chocked at both limits of travel.

The doors shall be automatically opened when the car is level at the respective landing and
shall again close after a pre determined time interval has lapsed. A 'door open' button shall be
provided in the car and the momentary pressure of which shall reverse the motion, reopen the
doors and reset the time interval.

The car door shall be provided with a protective device extending the full height and projecting
beyond the front edge of the door. This device shall be so arranged that should it touch a
person or any obstruction in its path while the door is closing, it shall automatically cause both
the car door and the landing door to return to the open position. The doors shall remain open
until the expiration of a time interval and then close automatically. The pressing of a car
button, once the doors are fully open shall cause the doors to close immediately.

Mechanical safety edges shall be retractable. If centre opening doors are used, both doors
should have safety shoes.

The devise is to be arranged so as to ensure the doors exerting the absolute minimum force on
a person obstructing the closing operation.

The doors that are power operated but not automatically closed, generally in cargo lifts, shall
be closed by continuous pressure buttons, the release of which shall stop and cause doors to re-
open.

Leading edges of doors shall be fitted with a suitable cushion to reduce impact and the kinetic
energy and force of closing shall be as described above.

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 Part IW - Chapter 2- Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

2.10 Car Door and Gate Contacts

Each car door and gate shall be provided with an electrical contact arranged to prevent the

operation of the lift unless the door is closed and the interlocking circuit established.

2.11 Landing Door and Gate Interlocks

Each landing door and gate shall be equipped with an electro-mechanical interlock, which shall

prevent the operation of the lift unless the doors are closed and positively locked. The interlock
shall also prevent the opening of any door until the car has reached the respective landing zone
with the operating circuit open.

Emergency opening of the doors and gates from the landings shall be possible by means of a
key operation irrespective of the position of the car. The Contractor shall provide two keys to
the Engineer after successful commissioning of the installation.

In case of service lifts the mechanical locking unit may be separate from the electrical
interlock.

2.12 Indicators
All indicators shall be fitted with neon lamps instead of ordinary bulbs to enhance the life and
sharpness of the indicator.

2.13 Emergency Opening and Devices for Cars

2.13.1 Emergency Opening
Each lift car shall be provided with emergency opening in the roof for emergency purposes.
Panels for emergency openings shall:-
(i) be of adequate size, not less than 450 mm x 500 mm and open outwards and not
inwards.

(ii) be clear of any apparatus mounted above the roof of lift car,

(iii) be held by suitable fasteners which can be opened only from outside the lift car, i.e
without a key.

(iv) be provided with a switch which will prevent operation of the lift when the panel is
open and which will restore operation of the lift only when the fastening have been
manually restored.

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 Part IV - Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

2.13.2 Emergency Stop

The lift car control panel shall be fitted with an emergency switch which will permit the lift to
be stopped in case of any emergency. A similar emergency stop shall also be provided on the
roof of the car so as to enable the maintenance staff to cut off power, when handling regular
maintenance.

2.13.3 Interphone
An interphone shall be fixed in the cabin, which allows the passengers to communicate with
the building supervisor outside the elevator cabin in the event of a breakdown or emergency.

2.13.4 Alarm Bell

A push button shall be fitted on the control panel in each car arranged to ring a battery operated
bell situated near the entrance to the lift on the ground floors. The precise position of fixing
the bush button shall be in agreement with Engineer. Bell trickle charger, lead acid (plant type)
battery and all interconnecting wiring shall be supplied and installed as part of the Contract.

2.13.5 Emergency Lighting

Each passenger carrying car shall be provided with an emergency light which will operate for
not less than three hours duration in the event of a mains failure. The battery shall be of
rechargeable type. The light shall consist of a self-contained unit with its own batteries and a
small fluorescent tube.

2.14 Driving Machinery

2.14.1 Traction Drives
The traction drives shall preferably be controlled by the system described below.

Three phase AC from the power supply is converted by the diode into DC and smoothed by the
capacitors. This smoothed DC is then converted into three phase AC by the transistor inverter
and supplied to the induction motor. The transistor inverter changes the voltage and frequency
of the three phase AC output to govern the torque and rotary speed of the induction motor.
Torque ripple in the motor is minimized by having the inverter use plus width modulation
(PWM) to give motor current that approximates to sine wave. This system is also referred to as
AC Variable Voltage Variable Frequency Control.

The tenderer may propose any other equivalent or superior system and substantiate with
documents.

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 Part IV-Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

2.14.2 Gear Boxes

Gear Boxes used 111 the lift machine shall be purpose made units. The gears shall be
manufactured in accordance with BS 721 or any other standard not less rigid than the above.
Gear boxes shall have an accessible oil level indicator, and before commissioning of lift all
components shall be oiled and greased as per manufacturer's instructions.

2.14.3 General Machine

The machine installed shall be one with a low-vibration, low-noise gear reducer which has
been developed and employed for using high-speed elevators. This was accomplished after
analysing by computer the relations of the peripheral speed of the gears, force exerted on the
gears, teeth figure modifications and helix angle to the vibration and noise level.

2.14.4 Sheaves and Supporting Beams

The Contractor shall provide all deflector and overhead sheaves necessary to obtain the proper
lead of the ropes to the car and counter weight, together with their supporting beams.

2.14.5 Hand Gear

Provision shall be made for moving the car to a floor level by hand in the event of the lift
becoming out of action between floors. Hand winding equipment shall be painted yellow.

The break lifting device shall be so arranged that it is impossible for the brake to be left in the
lifted position.

The direction of winding corresponding to the raising and lowering of the lift car shall be
clearly indicated.

A prominent notice shall be displayed stating that hand winding shall be undertaken only by
authorised persons and the notice shall detail the step by step procedure to be taken to move
the lift in an emergency.

If special tools are required they shall be supplied and located in a suitable wall mounted
fixture.

2.14.6 Vibration
All lift gear including traction motor and controllers shall be as silent in operation as possible
and in addition are to be effectively insulated from the structure so that no noise or vibration is

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transmitted to other parts of the building.

2.15 Car Control and Controllers

2.15.1 Car Control System
Car control system shall suit the type of service required in the building. Typical systems are
discussed in clause 2.17.

2.15.2 Controllers
The controllers in sheet steel cubicles, shall contain the necessary contactors, microprocessors
as appropriate, overload protective gear to the motor, reverse phase and single phase preventers
together with all necessary relays and switches for the starting, slowing, levelling and stopping
of the lift. It should be properly ventilated and doors should be screwed to the control panel.

The controllers should be designed to cut off the current automatically, apply the brake and
bring the car to a standstill in the event of a supply failure.

The current supply for solenoids, magnetic brake and other magnetic devices is to be d.c.
obtained from a suitable full wave rectifier. Suitable circuit breaker or fuse protection shall be
provided on each outgoing circuit.

The controller circuits shall be designed to prevent the lift being operated by the main motor
until all car and landing doors are closed, except with the levelling zone of the floor at which
the lift is stopping.

2.15.3 Terminal Stopping Devices

Lift shall be fitted with upper and lower normal stopping devices and upper and lower final
stopping devices each of which shall be independently be capable of stopping the car through
its own switch. If the lift has passed a final limit switch it shall not be possible to close the
circuit until the lift has been moved back by hand into its normal running position.

2.16 Safety Gear

All safety gear fitted in the car shall be positively applied type, not dependent on the power
supply in any way.

2.16.1 Rope Slack

Switches shall be provided to operate the safety gear in the event of slackening of any rope if

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 Part IV - Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

the car meets an obstruction or in the event of failure of a rope.

2.16.2 Safety Gear and Governor

The safety gear conforming to BS 5655 shall be mounted on the car frame and shall be
operated by a centrifugal over speed governor located over the lift well. The safety device shall
be arranged to bring the car to a stop and hold it on the guide rails in the event of excessive
descending speed and provision shall be made automatically to shut off the power supply to
the motor and apply the brake.

Provision shall be made for easy release and resetting of the safety gear after it has been
operated.

Governor ropes shall be of steel not less than 8 mm in diameter.

For elevator speeds of I m/s and above gradual safety should be used and for speeds 0.75 m/s
and below instantaneous safety can be used.

2.16.3 Wedge Clamp Type Safety Gear

The car shall be provided with wedge clamp type safety gear to prevent uncontrolled
movements in the downward direction.

Ropes for operating safety gear shall be independently supported on its own pulley system,
and shall not be less than 8 mm in diameter.

2.16.4 Overload Protective Device

Overload protective device shall be provided with audible indication and signal lighting to
make the cabin inoperative when overloaded beyond its rated capacity.

2.17 Car Operation and Control System

Car operation and control system shall suit the type of service required in the building. Typical
operation and control systems are as follows.

2.17.1 Simplex Collective (For Single Elevator)

The operation shall be of the selective collective type. The operating device shall consist of a
series of car call buttons in the car, numbered to correspond to the various landings, 'Up' and
'Down' buttons at the intermediate landings/and single button at the terminal landing, all

l
)64
 Part IV - Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

connected electrically with the microprocessor governing floor selection and direction of travel
to supply the operation described below.

The system shall be so designed that when the car is standing at the main floor, registration of
one or more 'car' or 'hall' calls will start the car 'Up' as soon as the door interlock circuit is
established. The car will answer the car calls and 'Up' hall calls as the floors are reached
irrespective of the order in which the call was registered, provided the button for a given floor
was pressed sufficiently in advance of the arrival of the car at the floor to permit a stop to be
made. The time control by microprocessor will hold the car at each floor for a sufficient time
for the doors to be opened and closed before it will again start in response to other calls.

'Down' hall calls will have no effect during the upward movement of the car but will remain
registered to be answered on the down ward trip except that the car will stop in answer to the
highest 'Down' cal!, if it is above the highest car or 'UP' hall call. When the car has answered
for the highest car call or the highest 'Down' hall call, the car will automatically reverse and
proceed down answering car or 'Down' hall calls in a similar manner. 'Up' hall calls will have
no effect during the downward movement of the car but will remain registered to be answered
on the next up trip. Hall calls for the direction in which the car is moving, placed too late to be
answered on that trip, will remain registered to be answered on the next trip in that direction.

The car will park at the last call floor with the doors closed.

Power operated doors will open automatically and will close after a definite time. Pressure of
the hall button at the floor where the car is standing will reopen the doors. A door open button
will be provided in the car operating panel to reopen the doors from the car. The momentary
pressure of a door close button will permit the doors to close immediately. A protective device
will be mounted on the leading edge of the car door which will extend beyond the door a
sufficient amount and be sufficiently flexible so that when it meets an obstruction in the
closing motion, it will operate a contact and cause the doors to reopen.

2.17.2 Group Control System for More than one Elevator

When there are more than one elevator in a bank of elevators ranging from two upto Six
elevators, the group control system should employ artificial intelligence theory combined with
fuzzy logic. This group system should include for 32 bi-micro processors, allowing the car
assigned to the most used location and thereby providing maximum efficiency with optimum
service.

165
 Part IV - Chapter 2 - Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

This artificial intelligence group control supervisory system should be programable, in order
that shatter waiting time is achieved by means of a data base and should also take into
consideration physiological waiting time.

The following main features should be built into this group control system:

Control of Service
The system will exclude an elevator from the assignment of hall calls when the car cannot
respond to the calls registered. Another car in the group will operate as a backup for the
excluded car to ensure continuity of service to all hall calls.

Backup System for Hall Calls

When the group controller malfunctions, an individual controller will supervise each elevator
with supplementary assignments to hall calls.

Off-Hour Spotting
During off-time hours, after the elevator cars have been waiting with doors closed for a
predetermined amount of time, the system disperses each car to a designated location, thus
allowing more efficient service to future hall calls.

Peak Traffic Control

To alleviate traffic congestion at the main floor, cars are automatically assigned to the floor
where traffic is the heaviest.

The system so designed should provide for micro processors to be located in the elevator
machine room on each car and on each floor with each module being linked via serial
transmission line to form a data network.

The system should incorporate a backup system to safeguard against group control computer
malfunction, group controller malfunction and car control malfunction. In addition the
operation of the group control system should provide to reduce the physical waiting time and
provide optimum service when under group control mode. Jt should calculate penalty values
for such things as bypassing, reversal and response to distantly positioned elevators and
assigns a call to each elevator that will minimize the penalty value thereby reducing congestion
and improve elevator service. The use of optical fibre cables to improve date transmission
should be provided for.

166
 Part IW- Chapter 2- Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

The operating equipment will consist of a series of micro touch buttons in each car numbered
to correspond to the various landings, a single riser of 'UP' and 'down' buttons at the
intermediate landings and single button at the terminal landings, all connected electrically with
the microprocessor governing floor selection and direction of travel to supply the operation
described below.

One of the cars will be normally parked with doors closed at the main floor and the other will
be a 'free' car which parks with doors closed at its last call floor.

Each car will answer its car calls of all floors respectively.

The micro processor calculates penalty values for such things as by-passing, reversal, and
response by distantly positioned elevators and assigns the call to the elevator that will
minimize the total penalty value.

Response to hall calls will be on the basis of same direction priority response, nearest cage
response, long waiting time prevention, car bunching prevention etc..

2.18 Automatic Rescue Operation

In the unlikely event, that an elevator should stop between floors, the cause of malfunction will
be checked out automatically and when safety has been confirmed, the elevator will proceed at
low speed to the nearest floor, so that passenger can alight.

2.19 Emergency Back-up System

In the event of a micro processor malfunction, another discrete circuit is energized to maintain
the functioning of the system and assure operational safety.

2.20 Operation and Control - Automatic Micro - Touch Buttons

The lifts indicated in the schedule to operate on automatic micro-touch button control shall in
general, satisfy the following requirements:

(i) The lift shall be controlled from micro-touch buttons in the car, numbered to
correspond to the landing served, and by single micro - touch buttons on the landing.

(ii) The operating device shall give the person in the car uninterrupted use of the lift until
the car has reached the desired landing, and the car has been opened and again closed.

167
 Part IV- Chapter 2- Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

Momentary pressure of a landing button shall bring the car to that landing.

(iii) After the car stops at a landing in response to a landing call, a time delay shall render
the car inoperative from the landing buttons for a pre-determined interval.

2.21 Reserved Operation under Emergency use (Applicable for Hospital Bed
Elevators)
A special micro - touch button with in-use sign which will appear on energising the button
should be provided. This should enable, on emergency condition, the elevator service to other
floors to be suspended and elevator to be despatched direct for transport of patients and
surgical equipment etc ..

2.22 Door Close Delay Function (Applicable for Hospital Bed Elevator Unless
Otherwise Specified)
A door closing delay button should be provided in the car operating panel to keep the doors
open until such time activities such as loading and unloading of hospital beds, surgical
equipment etc.

2.23 Attendant Service

The operating mode of an elevator could be changed to attendant mode from normal full
automatic mode by an override switch as and when required. Switch should be located inside
the enclosure of the car operating panel. Upon registration of call the direction arrows in the
car should be illuminated to indicate the service direction of the car.

2.24 Fireman's Switch

A fireman's control switch shall be fitted at a high level adjacent to the entrance of the
appropriate lift at the specified floor and this switch will be housed in a breakglass, flush fitting
housing, face plate in hairline finish stainless steel. If the car is away from the base floor,
operation of the switch shall render car pushers in-operative, cancel all car calls, isolate the car
from the landing calls and return the car as quickly as possible to the base of floor where it will
stop and the doors open. The door button shall then be reinstated and the car shall thereafter
respond non collectively to car calls only. The car shall stand with the doors open after each
journey until a further call is registered from the car. Breaking the glass shall give access to the
switch and could be activated by fireman or authorised person. Conclusion of the emergency,
the lift shall be returning to normal service only by moving the fireman's switch to the cff

168
 Part IV- Chapter 2- Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts

position. The car operating panel should have the facility to indicate that the elevator is in
fireman's mode when the fireman's switch is activated.

2.25 Control Switch in Lift Pit

A switch shall be provided in the pit for each lift in accordance with BS 5655 which, when
placed in the 'stop' position, will cause the lift to stop and prevent it being started until placed
in the 'run' position.

2.26 Car Load Weighing Device, Automatic By-Pass

Each passenger lift car shall be fitted with a car weighing device to render the lift inoperative
should contract load be exceeded. Visual and audible indication that the car is overloaded shall
be fitted within the car. When the overload has been removed, the lift shall reassume normal
operation.

In the event of the car being loaded to its full capacity, then it will not stop to answer any hall
calls and will stop only at the registered car call. This will continue until such time the loading
is reduced from its full capacity. This operation shall be in both directions of travel.

2.28 Arrival Gong

Arrival gong strikes indicating arrival of the cabin at a particular floor.

2.29 Painting
All iron and wood-work, except where finished bright or plated shall be thoroughly cleaned of
all scale and rust and painted two coats of oil paint at maker's works. On completion of the
work on site the paint work shall be touched up to make good any damage sustained during
installation. All bright and plated parts are to be greased or otherwise protected against
corrosion or discolouring during erection.

Cellulose and other special finishes shall be protected so that they are handed over in perfect
condition.

169
 CHAPTER3
TESTING, COMMISSIONING AND SUBMISSIONS

3.1. Testing and Commissioning

When the lift is completely installed it shall be subjected to the complete range of tests to
demonstrate to the Engineer that the following requirements are satisfactory.

() The specified speed has been complied with.

(ii) The brake sustains the car with contract load plus 25%.

(iii) Satisfactory operation of the safety gear and over-speed governor under over speed
conditions.

(iv) The various safety devices, locks and other safety provisions operate as intended.

(v) The operation of the lift and doors in response to the car switches and push buttons is
as intended.

(vi) The levelling is correctly adjusted for each floor and remains so after extended use.

(vii) The car shall be loaded to the full specified load and the lift run from top to bottom
continuously, for the full travel of the lift, allowing the normal time interval at each
terminal, during which the doors are to be opened and closed. The test shall be
continued for I hour during which the motor, motor generator and gear box shall be
assumed to have attained their maximum operating temperatures.

All instruments required for the tests shall be provided by the Contractor.

3.2 Record Drawings

The contractor shall keep one copy of white prints of his approved working drawings on site
throughout the Contract. This set of prints shall be used solely to record the progress of works
and the exact nature of any deviation in the installation from that detailed on approved
drawings. The prints shall be kept upto date and shall be available for inspection by the
Engineer at any time during working hours.

170
 Part IV - Chapter 3 - Testing, Commissioning and Submissions

At the completion of each section of the work a record drawing shall be prepared by the
Contractor for submission to the Engineer.

The record drawing shall show the position of every items of plant and all items requiring
access for operation and maintenance or cleaning, any other item of equipment forming part of
the complete installation with particular attention to control circuiting underground or
concealed services and safety gear. Where relevant all sizes, capacities or ratings of equipment
shall be given. All items underground or otherwise concealed shall be precisely located on the
'as installed' drawings by means of dimensions taken on site from some readily identifiable
point (i.e. main walls of building or finished floor levels). Where necessary, Contractor shall
also produce sections, elevations and part plans.

When al! record drawings have been submitted to the Engineer and have subsequently been
approved, the Contractor shall supply copies of these drawings in the following forms.

(i) Three sets of prints on white paper

(ii) One set of plastic copy negatives

(iii) Three sets of reduced prints on A4 size card (Suitable for inclusion in operating and
maintenance manual binder).

3.3. Operating and Maintenance Instructions

The Contractor shall submit for approval an Operating and Maintenance Manual. This manual
shall include the following items.

(i) Manufacturer's catalogues for all items of equipment forming the installation.

(ii) Manufacturer's operating and maintenance instructions including a maintenance

schedule.

(iii) Manufacturer's drawings and spare parts schedules for the major items of equipment

(iv) Guarantee or certificate of warranty of equipment from manufacturers.

17l
 Part IV - Chapter 3 - Testing, Commissioning and Submissions

(v) List of local suppliers and stokists of all items of equipment forming the services
installation.

(vi) Commissioning report

(vii) Card mounted A4 prints of the 'as installed' drawings.

The contractor having obtained the Engineer's approval for the operating and maintenance
manual shall supply three copies in PVC covered binders, PRIOR TO COMPLETION
CERTIFICATE BEING ISSUED.

3.4 Maintenance of Installation

After completion, when the lift is put into service, the Contractor shall maintain lifts as
necessary, for a period of twelve months.

All necessary spares, tools and other material required for such work shall be included.

An efficient local brakedown call-out organisation whereby the services of an Engineer can be
obtained immediately at any hour of the day or night, will be deemed to fulfil the above
requirements.

3.5 Spares and Tools

The Contractor is expected to include rates for supplying all special tools and manufacturer's
recommended spare parts for each item of equipment to provide maintenance for two years.
The Contractor shall submit a schedule of manufacturer's recommended spare parts and special
tools required for approval by the Engineer prior to ordering and delivery. The schedule shall
indicate the number of individual spares required for each item of plant included in the works
and the cost. The Contractor shall hand over to the Engineer all agreed spares and tools for
deposit in client's store prior to COMPLETION CERTIFICATE BEING ISSUED.

172
ANNEXURES
 Annexure A

SCHEDULE OF SYMBOLS AND LEGEND

HOT AND COLD WATER SUPPLY AND SOIL WASTE

Pipework Underground or in Floor Slab.

.. -····-·-. ---·······--. --- Pipe HighLevel or in Ceiling Void
Pipework at low level
AWC. Asin Water Closet

BO. Back Drop.

BT. Bottle Trap.

CE. Cleaning Eye.

CL. Cover Level.

CWS. Cold Water Services.

CWDS. Cold Water Down Services.

EWC. European Water Closet.

F.F.L. Finish Floor Level

G.L. Ground Level.

H.L. High Level.

HWS. Hot Water Services.

HWSF. Hot Water Services Flow.

HWSR. Hot Water Services Return.

IV. Isolating Value.

L.L Low Level.

M.H. Man Hole.
N.R.V. Non Return Valve.

OTTBIG Open Top Trapped Back Inlet Gully.

OTTG. Open Top Trapped Gully.
R.E. Rodding Eye.
R.P. Rodding Point.
STTBIGG Seal Top Trapped Back Inlet Gully.
SVP Soil & Vent Pipe
VP Vent Pipe
W.V.P. Waster Vent Pipe.
W.H.B. Urinal.
F.T. Floor Trap
R.W.P. Rain Water Pipe
R.W.O. Rain Water Outlet
S.T. Spray Tap.

173
 Annexure A

ALRCONDITIONING ANDVENTILATION

F AHU Fresh Air Handling Unit

AHU Air Handling Unit
FCU Fan Coil Unit
CND Condensing Unit
CH Chiller
CHWP Chilled Water Pump
CW Chilled Water
CHWF Chilled Water Flow
CHWR Chilled Water Return
F Flow
R Returr
SA Supply Air
RA Return Air
SAG Supply Air Grille
RAG Return Air Grille
SAD Supply Air Diffuer
RAD Return Air Diffuer
SLD Supply Linear Diffuer
RLD Return Linear Diffuer
FA Fresh Air
ED Extract Diffuser
VG Ventilation Grille
DTG Door Transfer Grille
AAV Automatic Air Vent
EF Extract Fan
FD Fire Damper
VCD Volume Control Dper
FC Flexible Connection
PU Pressurisation Unit
DP Dosing Pump
FA From Above
FB From Below
TA To Above
TB To Below
HJ High Level
LL Low Leve l
AFFL Above Finish Floor Level
CD Condensate Drain
T/R Tons Refrigerant
AD Access Door

174
 Annexure A

4I' Isolating Valve

Non return Valve

Regulating Valve

Double Regulating Valve

Orifice Valve

3 Way - Motorized Valve

Motorized Valve

e s1.
Strainer

Drain Cock

Union

Flexible Connection

---0 Dead end

( Pressure Gauge

( Thermometer

0 Thermostat

@ Dial Remote Blub Thermometer

@ Pump

E Flo Switch

@3 Pressure Switch
ARD
Non Return Damper (Air pressure operate)

Sound Attenuator.

74 175
 Annexure ]

FIRE PROTECTION

Fire Extinguishers
foam Type

Fire Extinguishers
Dry Powder Type

Fire Extinguishers
Carbon Dioxide Type

Fire Extinguishers
Vaporising Liquid Type (BCF)

Fire Extinguishers
Water Type

Fire Blanket(s)

Hose Reels

Exit Boxes
Directional

"Fire Exit"
Signs

Exit Directional
Signs

176
 Annexure A

General Fire Notices

Staff Fire Notices

Notices on Doors

Slide to Open Notices

"Fire Exit - Keep clear"

Notice

Fire Door Keep Shut

0 Exit Boxes

[co) Emergency Lighting Points

Emergency Lighting Handlamps

@/@ Automatic Fire Detection

HEAT/SMOKE

Fire Alarm Indicator Panel

�
Manual Fire Alarm Sounders

Internal Telephone
Fire Alarm System

6 177

E
 Annexure A

Visual .Warning Devices

ft. Audible Warning Devices

Fire Alarm Call Points

Fire Resisting Door

The period of fire resistance

is as shown in minutes

Doors Not forming Part of

* means of escape

0 Window Exits

SC Self Closing Devices

sc/A Autonatic Releases

SD Security Doors

Doors Fitted with Push Bars

PB (Panic Bolt)

178
 Annexure A

HrL Handrail(s)

Guadrail(s)
G+L Balustrade(s) or
Wall(s)

EE F Doors Free From Fastenings

RS Roller Shutter Door(s)

Fire Resisting construction

FRG Fire Resisting Glazing

Fire Resisting Glazing Height

FRGk Above floor level

WP Weather Protection

Ramps

Maximum Number of Persons

F Occasional Occupancy

78
179

a j
 Annexure B

LOCATION SYMBOLS FOR INSTALLATIONS s

(from BS 3939)
2

2
No Description Symbol
2

Routing of Conductors 2

27.1.l Wiring:general symbol 2

27. 1.2 Wiring on the surface

m m S
27.1.3 Wiring under the surface m m

27.1.4 Wiring in conduit 0

D
27.1.5 Wiring in duct or trunking

27.1.9 Joint or junction box

Example with three outlets

Control and distribution F

27.5.1 Main control or intake point 2

27.5.2 Distribution board or point 2

27.5.3 Main or sub-main switch 2

27.5.5 Meter L 2

27.5.9 Consumers earthing terminal 2

Lighting points and lamps s

27.2.1 Lighting point of lamp X 2

27.2.2 Lighting point of lamp: wall mounted 8 2

27.2.3 Emergency (safety) lighting point r 2.

27.2.8 Single fluorescent lamp 2

27.2.9 Group (3) of fluorescent lamps

27.2.10 Auxiliary apparatus for discharge lamp

27.2.11 Illuminated sign

27.2.12 Illuminated emergency or safety sign

-----------------------·----
180
 Annexure B

Switch outlets

27.3.1 1--way switch (single pole)

27.3.3 1-way switch (three pole)

27.3.4 Pull switch

27.3.5 2-way switch

27.3.6 Intermediate switch

Socket outlets

27.4.1 Socket outlet (mains)

27.4.2 Switched socket outlet

27.4.4 Socket outlet with pilot lamp

27.4.5 Multiple socket outlet

Fixed apparatus

27.6.1 Electrical appliance general symbol

27.6.2 Fan

27.6.3 Heater (type to be specified) -(ID

27.6.4 Motor 0
27.6.6 Thermostat 0

Signal systens, etc.

27.6.11 Bell

2.4.11 Buzzer

2.4.12 Siren

2.4.13 Horn

27.6.12 Indicator (N = number of ways)

27.5.8 Transformer: general symbol

27.2.12 Illuminated emergency or safety sign

27.2.13 Signal lamp

181
 Annexure B

27.3.11 Pushbutton 0
27.3.12 Luninous pushbutton ®
27.6.8 Restricted access pushbutton for fire alarm (El

27.6.9 Automatic fire detector (

27.6.10 Watchman system device or key operated switch J

Telecommunications appratus including radio and television

27.7.1 Telephone call point «]

27.7.2 Manual switchboard U

27.7.3 Automatic telephone exchange equipment (El

27.7.4 Socket outlet for telecommunications:

general symbol

27.7.6 Aerial Y
27.7.7 Earth

27.7.8 Radio or television receiver

(service to be specified as in 27.7.4) □
27.7.10 Microphone 0
27.7.11 Loudspeaker «4

Clocks

9.4.1 Clock (and slave clock): general symbol

9.4.2 Master clock

9.4.3 Impulse clock

9.4.4 Synchronous clock

 ---
OTHER TYPES OF ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
Annexure B

L- One gang one way light

switch 2OA
a\- Tao gang one way light switch
20A
t-
-
One gang two way light switch 20A

One gang intermediate light switch 20A

d- 13A Fused switched Spur unit with indicator light

a- 13A Fused spur unit

(Em- Fan Regulator

"l- Dimmer switch

Thermostat

d- One ang 13A switched socket outlet

8 134 Twin switched socket outlet

,l Floor mounted socket outlet

@- 2A. 3Pin socket outlet

d- Shaver socket outlet

i.-, 20A DP A/C unit switch with indicator light

d- 2OA DP Water heater switch

CD- Water heater

0- Flex outlet plate

Extract fan

Ceiling fan

Fitted with emergency pack

Hor7- Hand drier

Cooker control with flex outlet

Isolator switch

Bench/High level mounted socket outlet

Earth bonding point

Distribution Board

82 183
 Annexure B

Main Distribution Panel

WP- Denotes weather proof

FAP- Fire Alarm Panel

€9- Smoke Detector

@@- Heat Detector

@2- Flame Detector

G2-

-
Fire Alarm Bell

Break Glass unit

TJ8- Telephone junction box

57- Telephone outlet

@- T.V. Outlet

@- Speaker

@D- Servant Call point

EE} Security monitor

0- Volume control

184
 A TYPICAL FORMAT FOR
Annexure C
l
SCHEDULE OF REQUIREMENTS

Quantity
2 Purpose of Elevater

3 Capacity & Motor Details

4 Speed
5 Control System

6 Stops & Openings

7 Service Floors

8 Operation
9 Hoistway Size
10 Overhead Height
11 Depth of Pit
12 Position of Machine room
13 Height of Machine Room

ELEVATOR

14 Design
15 Car Internal Dimension
16 Car Celling Lighting and
Ventilation System
17 Car Walls & Doors
18 Entrance Columns
19 Car Sill
20 Car Flooring
21 Landing Entrances
22 Hoistway Door at all Floors
23 Landing Sill at all Entrances

ENTRANCE INDICATORS

24 All Floors
25 Signals in the Cabin

185
 Annexures C

26 Other Features Safety door edge

,
(to be used and to Interphone
be detailed where Arrival gong
necessary) DC alram bell
Emergency car light
Overload audible plus visible
Key switch operation in car

operating panel for restricted

access.

Car and landing door operator system (to be

specified by the Consultant: eg.VVVF type).

Attendant Services

Automatic by pass

Automatic door open time adjustment.

Door nudging feature

Automatic car lights and fan off

27 Safety Requirements:
28 Buffers
29 Guide rails
30 Counter Weights
31 Power Supply at Machine
Room.

186