Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA

NOT FOR SALE

“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”

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National Police Cadet Admission Test) and does not guarantee success. This
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The PNPCAT is subject to change, and the questions and topics covered in
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Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”

Logic and Abstract Reasoning

(Type 1)

Pattern Recognition:

1. Question: Identify the next item in the sequence: 3, 6, 9, 12, __.

- Answer: 15
- Explanation: The pattern is an increment of 3.

2. Question: What comes next in the series: 2, 5, 10, 17, __.

- Answer: 26
- Explanation: The pattern is increasing by consecutive prime numbers (3, 5,
7, ...).

3. Question: Find the missing number: 1, 4, 9, __, 25.

- Answer: 16
- Explanation: The series represents the squares of consecutive integers.

Analogies:

4. Question: If cat is to kitten, then dog is to __.

- Answer: Puppy
- Explanation: The relationship is between an adult and a young animal of
the same species.

5. Question: If day is to night, then hot is to __.

- Answer: Cold
- Explanation: The relationship is opposite or contrasting.

6. Question: If square is to cube, then circle is to __.

- Answer: Sphere
- Explanation: The relationship involves going from a 2D shape to a 3D
shape.

Series Completion:

7. Question: Complete the series: 2, 4, 8, 16, __.

- Answer: 32
- Explanation: The series is doubling with each term.

8. Question: What comes next: 5, 10, 20, 40, __.

- Answer: 80
- Explanation: Each term is multiplied by 2 to get the next.

9. Question: Fill in the blank: 3, 6, 9, __, 15.

- Answer: 12
- Explanation: The series increments by 3.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”

Logical Deduction:

10. Question: All birds can fly. Penguins cannot fly. Can we conclude that
penguins are not birds?
- Answer: No
- Explanation: The premise doesn't contradict the possibility of penguins
being birds; not all birds must fly.

11. Question: No reptiles can swim. Turtles are reptiles. Can we conclude that
turtles cannot swim?
- Answer: No
- Explanation: The premise doesn't specify anything about turtles' ability to
swim.

12. Question: If all mammals breathe air, and dolphins are mammals, can we
conclude that dolphins breathe air?
- Answer: Yes
- Explanation: The conclusion logically follows from the given premises.

Spatial Reasoning:

13. Question: If a square is folded along its diagonal, what shape does it
become?
- Answer: Triangle
- Explanation: Folding a square along its diagonal creates two congruent
right-angled triangles.

14. Question: If a cube is unfolded, which shape will you get?

- Answer: Cross (+)
- Explanation: Unfolding a cube results in a cross shape.

15. Question: If a circle is rotated 180 degrees, what shape does it become?
- Answer: Circle
- Explanation: Rotating a circle leaves it unchanged.

Number Relationships:

16. Question: If 7 is to 14, then 10 is to __.

- Answer: 20
- Explanation: The relationship is multiplication by 2.

17. Question: If 25% of a number is 30, what is 50% of that number?

- Answer: 60
- Explanation: 50% is double of 25%.

18. Question: If 3 is added to a number, and the result is multiplied by 4 to get

28, what is the number?
- Answer: 7
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
- Explanation: (X + 3) 4 = 28, solve for X.

Syllogisms:

19. Question: All fruits are healthy. Apples are fruits. Can we conclude that
apples are healthy?
- Answer: Yes
- Explanation: The conclusion follows logically from the premises.

20. Question: Some birds can fly. Penguins cannot fly. Can we conclude that
penguins are not birds?
- Answer: No
- Explanation: The premise doesn't contradict the possibility of penguins
being birds.

21. Question: No mammals lay eggs. All elephants are mammals. Can we
conclude that elephants do not lay eggs?
- Answer: Yes
- Explanation: The conclusion logically follows from the premises.

Coding-Decoding:

22. Question: If "BAC" is coded as "CBA," how is "DOG" coded?

- Answer: "GOD"
- Explanation: The letters are reversed.

23. Question: If "APPLE" is coded as "ELPPA," how is "ORANGE" coded?

- Answer: "EGRANO"
- Explanation: The letters are reversed.

24. Question: If "123" is coded as "321," how is "456" coded?

- Answer: "654"
- Explanation: The digits are reversed.

Logical Operations:

25. Question: If A OR B is true, is NOT(A AND B) true?

- Answer: Yes
- Explanation: De Morgan's law applies.

26. Question: If P implies Q, and Q is false, can we conclude anything about

the truth value of P?
- Answer: No
- Explanation: The truth value of P is undetermined.

27. Question: If A AND B is false, can we conclude that NOT(A OR B) is true?

- Answer: Yes
- Explanation: De Morgan's law applies.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
Odd One Out:

28. Question: Which of the following does not belong: square, circle, triangle,
rectangle?
- Answer: Circle
- Explanation: It is the only shape without straight sides.

29. Question: Identify the odd one out: apple, banana, orange, grape.
- Answer: Banana
- Explanation: It is the only elongated fruit.

30. Question: Which word does not belong: chair, table, lamp, bed?
- Answer: Lamp
- Explanation: It is not a piece of f
urniture.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
Logic and Abstract Reasoning
(Type 1)

Advanced Pattern Recognition:

1. **Question:** Identify the next item in the sequence: 4, 10, 18, 28, __.
- **Answer:** 40
- **Explanation:** The pattern is based on consecutive square
numbers (2^2, 3^2, 4^2, ...).

2. **Question:** What comes next in the series: 12, 30, 56, 90, __.
- **Answer:** 132
- **Explanation:** The series represents the sum of consecutive
triangular numbers.

3. **Question:** Find the missing number: 7, 15, 31, 63, __, 127.
- **Answer:** 127
- **Explanation:** The series is doubling and adding 1.

Advanced Analogies:

4. **Question:** If rectangle is to area, then circle is to __.

- **Answer:** Circumference
- **Explanation:** The relationship involves a characteristic and its
measurement.

5. **Question:** If neuron is to brain, then atom is to __.

- **Answer:** Molecule
- **Explanation:** The relationship involves a component and its larger
structure.

6. **Question:** If democracy is to government, then community is to __.

- **Answer:** Governance
- **Explanation:** The relationship involves a form of organization.

Complex Series Completion:

7. **Question:** Complete the series: 3, 8, 15, 24, 35, __.

- **Answer:** 48
- **Explanation:** The series represents the sum of consecutive
pentagonal numbers.

8. **Question:** What comes next: 4, 12, 24, 40, 60, __.

- **Answer:** 84
- **Explanation:** Each term is the sum of consecutive hexagonal
numbers.

9. **Question:** Fill in the blank: 2, 5, 11, __, 35.

- **Answer:** 23
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
- **Explanation:** The series alternates between multiplying by 2 and
adding 1.

Advanced Logical Deduction:

10. **Question:** All mammals have lungs. Humans are mammals. Can
we conclude that humans have lungs?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given
premises.

11. **Question:** No insects have a backbone. All spiders are insects.

Can we conclude that no spiders have a backbone?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** The conclusion doesn't logically follow; spiders can
lack a backbone.

12. **Question:** If no artists are scientists and some scientists are

musicians, can we conclude that no artists are musicians?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** The conclusion doesn't logically follow; artists and
musicians can be independent groups.

Advanced Spatial Reasoning:

13. **Question:** If a cube is sliced diagonally, what shape will the

cross-section be?
- **Answer:** Equilateral triangle
- **Explanation:** Diagonal slicing of a cube creates an equilateral
triangle.

14. **Question:** If a cone is unfolded, what shape will you get?

- **Answer:** Sector of a circle
- **Explanation:** Unfolding a cone results in a sector of a circle.

15. **Question:** If a regular octagon is rotated 45 degrees clockwise,

what shape does it become?
- **Answer:** Regular octagon
- **Explanation:** Rotating a regular octagon by a multiple of 45
degrees preserves its shape.

Mathematical Number Relationships:

16. **Question:** If 4 is to 16, then 6 is to __.

- **Answer:** 36
- **Explanation:** The relationship is squaring.

17. **Question:** If 15% of a number is 45, what is 30% of that number?

- **Answer:** 90
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
- **Explanation:** 30% is double of 15%.

18. **Question:** If 5 is added to a number, and the result is multiplied

by 7 to get 84, what is the number?
- **Answer:** 11
- **Explanation:** (X + 5) * 7 = 84, solve for X.

Advanced Syllogisms:

19. **Question:** All reptiles lay eggs. Some reptiles are snakes. Can we
conclude that some snakes lay eggs?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given
premises.

20. **Question:** Some rectangles are squares. All squares have four
equal sides. Can we conclude that some rectangles have four equal
sides?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given
premises.

21. **Question:** All metals conduct electricity. Copper is a metal. Can

we conclude that copper conducts electricity?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given
premises.

Advanced Coding-Decoding:

22. **Question:** If "PQRST" is coded as "KLMNO," how is "UVWXY"

coded?
- **Answer:** "EFGHI"
- **Explanation:** Each letter is shifted backward by 10 positions.

23. **Question:** If "ABC" is coded as "123," how is "XYZ" coded?

- **Answer:** "789"
- **Explanation:** Each letter is coded as the reverse digit.

24. **Question:** If "456" is coded as "123," how is "789" coded?

- **Answer:** "012"
- **Explanation:** Each digit is subtracted from 9.

Advanced Logical Operations:

25. **Question:** If A implies B, and B implies C, can we conclude that A

implies C?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** Transitive property of implication.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”

26. **Question:** If NOT(P OR Q) is true, can we conclude that NOT(P)

AND NOT(Q) are true?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** De Morgan's law applies.

27. **Question:** If NOT(A AND B) is false, can we conclude that A OR B

is true?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** De Morgan's law applies.

Advanced Odd One Out:

28. **Question:** Identify the odd one out: pentagon, hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon.
- **Answer:** Hexagon
- **Explanation:** It has six sides while the others have odd numbers
of sides.

29. **Question:** Which of the following does not belong: guitar, violin,
trumpet, piano?
- **Answer:** Piano
- **Explanation:** It is a percussion instrument, while the others are
string and wind instruments.

30. **Question:** Which word does not belong: microscope, telescope,

binoculars, compass?
- **Answer:** Compass
- **Explanation:** It is not an optical instrument.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
Logic and Abstract Reasoning
(Type 3)

Advanced Pattern Recognition:

1. **Question:** Identify the next item in the sequence: 8, 17, 32, 53, __.
- **Answer:** 80
- **Explanation:** The pattern involves consecutive prime numbers added to
consecutive square numbers.

2. **Question:** What comes next in the series: 3, 9, 21, 39, __.

- **Answer:** 65
- **Explanation:** The series represents the sum of consecutive triangular
numbers multiplied by 3.

3. **Question:** Find the missing number: 5, 14, 30, 53, __, 94.
- **Answer:** 78
- **Explanation:** The series alternates between adding consecutive prime
numbers and consecutive square numbers.

Advanced Analogies:

4. **Question:** If nucleus is to cell, then central processing unit (CPU) is to

__.
- **Answer:** Computer
- **Explanation:** The relationship involves a component and the system it
is part of.

5. **Question:** If democracy is to government, then empathy is to __.

- **Answer:** Social interaction
- **Explanation:** The relationship involves a concept and its broader
context.

6. **Question:** If sunrise is to morning, then moonrise is to __.

- **Answer:** Evening
- **Explanation:** The relationship involves a time of day.

Complex Series Completion:

7. **Question:** Complete the series: 4, 11, 22, 37, 56, __.

- **Answer:** 79
- **Explanation:** The series represents the sum of consecutive square
numbers and consecutive triangular numbers.

8. **Question:** What comes next: 2, 7, 15, 26, 40, __.

- **Answer:** 57
- **Explanation:** Each term is the sum of consecutive prime numbers and
consecutive triangular numbers.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
9. **Question:** Fill in the blank: 6, 13, 26, __, 62.
- **Answer:** 41
- **Explanation:** The series alternates between doubling and adding
consecutive prime numbers.

Advanced Logical Deduction:

10. **Question:** All mammals have a backbone. Humans are mammals. Can
we conclude that humans have a backbone?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given premises.

11. **Question:** No reptiles give birth to live young. All snakes are reptiles.
Can we conclude that no snakes give birth to live young?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given premises.

12. **Question:** If some athletes are musicians and no musicians are

mathematicians, can we conclude that some athletes are not mathematicians?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** The conclusion doesn't logically follow; athletes and
mathematicians can be independent groups.

Advanced Spatial Reasoning:

13. **Question:** If a regular octahedron is sliced vertically, what shape will

the cross-section be?
- **Answer:** Equilateral triangle
- **Explanation:** Slicing a regular octahedron vertically results in an
equilateral triangle.

14. **Question:** If a cone is unfolded, what shape will you get?

- **Answer:** Sector of a circle
- **Explanation:** Unfolding a cone results in a sector of a circle.

15. **Question:** If a crescent moon is rotated 90 degrees clockwise, what

shape does it become?
- **Answer:** Circle
- **Explanation:** Rotating a crescent moon by 90 degrees makes it a circle.

Mathematical Number Relationships:

16. **Question:** If 6 is to 36, then 9 is to __.

- **Answer:** 81
- **Explanation:** The relationship is squaring.

17. **Question:** If 40% of a number is 24, what is 80% of that number?

- **Answer:** 48
- **Explanation:** 80% is double of 40%.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”

18. **Question:** If 7 is subtracted from a number, and the result is multiplied

by 8 to get 88, what is the number?
- **Answer:** 15
- **Explanation:** (X - 7) * 8 = 88, solve for X.

Advanced Syllogisms:

19. **Question:** Some insects can fly. Butterflies are insects. Can we
conclude that some butterflies can fly?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given premises.

20. **Question:** All rectangles have four sides. Some rectangles are squares.
Can we conclude that some squares do not have four sides?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** Squares always have four sides.

21. **Question:** All metals are conductors. Copper is a metal. Can we

conclude that copper is a conductor?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given premises.

Advanced Coding-Decoding:

22. **Question:** If "FGHIJ" is coded as "UVWXY," how is "KLMNO" coded?

- **Answer:** "BCDEF"
- **Explanation:** Each letter is shifted forward by 9 positions.

23. **Question:** If "JANUARY" is coded as "JULY," how is "FEBRUARY"

coded?
- **Answer:** "AUGUST"
- **Explanation:** Each letter is shifted forward by 6 positions.

24. **Question:** If "54321" is coded as "98765," how is "67890" coded?

- **Answer:** "21034"
- **Explanation:** Each digit is subtracted from 9 and then shifted forward
by 1 position.

Advanced Logical Operations:

25. **Question:** If A OR B is true, and B implies C, can we conclude that A

OR C is true?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** Transitive property of implication.

26. **Question:** If NOT(P AND Q) is false, can we conclude that NOT(P) OR

NOT(Q) is true?
- **Answer:** Yes
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
- **Explanation:** De Morgan's law applies.

27. **Question:** If NOT(A OR B) is true, can we conclude that A AND B is

false?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** De Morgan's law applies.

Advanced Odd One Out:

28. **Question:** Identify the odd one out: pentagon, hexagon, octagon,
decagon.
- **Answer:** Hexagon
- **Explanation:** It has six sides while the others have odd numbers of
sides.

29. **Question:** Which of the following does not belong: violin, flute, clarinet,
trumpet?
- **Answer:** Violin
- **Explanation:** It is a string instrument, while the others are wind
instruments.

30. **Question:** Which word does not belong: telescope, microscope,

telescope, spectroscope?

- **Answer:** Spectroscope
- **Explanation:** It is not an optical instrument.
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”

Logic and Abstract Reasoning

(Type 4)

Advanced Pattern Recognition:

1. **Question:** Identify the next item in the sequence: 2, 5, 10, 17, __.
- **Answer:** 26
- **Explanation:** The pattern involves adding consecutive prime numbers.

2. **Question:** What comes next in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16, __.

- **Answer:** 25
- **Explanation:** The series represents the squares of consecutive integers.

Advanced Analogies:

3. **Question:** If triangle is to hypotenuse, then square is to __.

- **Answer:** Diagonal
- **Explanation:** The relationship is a diagonal in a geometric shape.

4. **Question:** If tree is to bark, then cat is to __.

- **Answer:** Meow
- **Explanation:** The relationship is an animal sound.

Complex Series Completion:

5. **Question:** Complete the series: 3, 6, 12, 24, __.

- **Answer:** 48
- **Explanation:** The series represents doubling with each term.

6. **Question:** What comes next: 5, 10, 19, 34, __.

- **Answer:** 55
- **Explanation:** The series involves adding consecutive prime numbers.

Advanced Logical Deduction:

7. **Question:** All rectangles have four sides. Some rectangles are squares.
Can we conclude that some squares have four sides?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** The conclusion logically follows from the given premises.

8. **Question:** If all birds can fly and penguins are birds, can we conclude
that penguins can fly?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** Penguins are an exception; they are birds that cannot fly.

Advanced Spatial Reasoning:

Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
9. **Question:** If a cube is sliced horizontally, what shape will the cross-
section be?
- **Answer:** Square
- **Explanation:** The cross-section of a cube is a square.

10. **Question:** If a pyramid is unfolded, what shape will you get?

- **Answer:** Triangle
- **Explanation:** Unfolding a pyramid results in a triangular shape.

Mathematical Number Relationships:

11. **Question:** If 7 is to 49, then 9 is to __.

- **Answer:** 81
- **Explanation:** The relationship is squaring.

12. **Question:** If 25% of a number is 15, what is 50% of that number?

- **Answer:** 30
- **Explanation:** 50% is double of 25%.

Advanced Syllogisms:

13. **Question:** All squares are rectangles. Some rectangles are not
squares. Can we conclude that some squares are not rectangles?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** All squares are rectangles.

14. **Question:** Some mammals lay eggs. All dogs are mammals. Can we
conclude that some dogs lay eggs?
- **Answer:** No
- **Explanation:** The conclusion doesn't logically follow; dogs are
mammals but do not lay eggs.

Advanced Coding-Decoding:

15. **Question:** If "WXYZ" is coded as "UVWX," how is "MNOP" coded?

- **Answer:** "JKLM"
- **Explanation:** Each letter is shifted backward by 4 positions.

16. **Question:** If "APPLE" is coded as "56154," how is "ORANGE" coded?

- **Answer:** "9151475"
- **Explanation:** Each letter is assigned a numeric value based on its
position in the alphabet.

Advanced Logical Operations:

17. **Question:** If A AND B is false, and B implies C, can we conclude that A

AND C is false?
- **Answer:** Yes
Intellectual Property of PLT MARK ANTHONY C ARMEA
NOT FOR SALE
“Manifest first in your mind then it all shall be done”
- **Explanation:** The falseness of A AND B implies the falseness of A AND
C.

18. **Question:** If NOT(P OR Q) is true, can we conclude that NOT(P) AND

NOT(Q) are true?
- **Answer:** Yes
- **Explanation:** De Morgan's law applies.

Advanced Odd One Out:

19. **Question:** Identify the odd one out: circle, square, triangle, pentagon.
- **Answer:** Circle
- **Explanation:** It is the only shape that is not polygonal.

20. **Question:** Which of the following does not belong: piano, violin, flute,
guitar?
- **Answer:** Flute
- **Explanation:** It is a wind instrument, while the others are string
instruments.