BELL WORK

 Quick research: Give at least 3  You have 10 minutes to answer the 2 questio
differences between an ns in a ¼ sheet of paper.
arthropod and an echinoderm  Be sure to include your name and course se
ction
 Give also 3 examples of
 When done turn it in to Mr. Q
echinoderm
COELOMATE ANIMALS / EUCOELOMATES

Phylum Chordata
Phylum Mollusca

Other Phyla
Phylum Annelida Phylum Urochordata

Phylum
Phylum Arthropoda Cephalochordata

Phylum Phylum Vertebrata

Echinodermata
PHYLUM
ECHINODERMATA

CHAPTER 16
EBOOK PP. 284-295
GOALS FOR TODAY:

 Contrast the body forms present in the echinoderm classes;

 Discuss its basic physiology;
 Identify representative species;
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA
PRICKLY SKIN
DISTINCTIVE
CHARACTERISTICS
OF ECHINODERMATA

 A complex series of fluid-

filled canals with
numerous flexible feeding
and locomotory appendages
  Have an internal skeleton of calcium carbonate
CHARACTERISTICS:  Ossicles vary in size and structure and are manufactured
by specialized cells
 Starfish
Water Vascular System

 A separate coelom is used with interconnecting fluid filled tubes

CHARACTERISTICS: and canals
 A ring canal circles the mouth and gives off 5 radial canals
BODY FORM

Radial Symmetry Oral vs Aboral surface

no distinct head in most its pentamerous

radial symmetry
BODY WALL

outer surface covered

by epidermis

below epidermis is
thick dermis
BODY WALL

In many classes ossicles have bony

projections for defense

beneath dermis is layer of outer

circular and inner longitudinal muscle

true coelom lined with peritoneum

 MOVEMENT
 MOVEMENT & FOOD GATHERING DONE
PREDOMINANTLY BY WATER VASCULAR SYSTEM
 A SECOND, SEPARATE COELOMIC COMPARTMENT
UNIQUE TO ECHINODERMS
 DERIVED FROM COELOM AND LINED WITH CILIATED
EPITHELIUM

the whole system operates

hydraulically
 MOVEMENT

Madreporite Stone Canal Ring Canal

contains calcareous
deposits

just inside and

around the mouth

internal canals connection to

the outside
MOVEMENT

Radial Canals Lateral Canal Ampullae

Long and extend into each

arm

branch off radial

canals have valves to
prevent backflow

lead to small muscular

sacs that serve as fluid
reservoirs
MOVEMENT

Tube feet

tube feet are concentrated

in ambulacral groove

the tip of the tube

feet are flattened,
forming suckers

tube feet used to cling to

substrates, move and to
feed
FEEDING AND DIGESTION

Particle Feeders Scavengers Predators

no parasitic species simple, usually complete

digestive tract
FEEDING AND DIGESTION

Stomach 2 chambers

digestive enzymes are

secreted into
stomach by pyloric
caeca
RESPIRATION
Dermal
Branchae/Papulae

exchange respiratory
gasses
 CIRCULATION
 Coelomic Circulation  dermal branchia (or papulae)

they do have a blood vascular system

(hemal system)with heart but it's usually tiny saclike projections extend
rudimentary and its function unclear through epidermis
 NERVOUS SYSTEM
 no brain or centralized processing area  tube feet are innervated by nervous system

circumoral ring and radial nerves

branching from it helps coordinate movement enables all feet to move in single
of arms and movement of the starfish in direction
genera
PROTECTION
 in many starfish the body surface bears
small jaw-like pedicellariae

protect against animals and debris that

some are stalked, some sessile (unstalked) settle on the animals surface
EXCRETION
Dermal
Body Surface
Branchiae/Papullae Tube Feet
removal of nitrogen
wastes (mainly
ammonia)

some amoeboid cells can also

engulf nitrogen wastes and move
them to the outside through the
dermal branchiae or tube feet
REPRODUCTION
Dioecious Bipinnaria

external fertilization produce characteristic ciliated, free-

swimming, planktonic larva
REPRODUCTION
Some can also reproduce
asexually by
fragmentation

can regenerate from 1/5th of oral disc

many also have & a single arm but may require up to a
excellent powers of year
regeneration
ECOLOGY

 a wide variety of other animals make their

homes in or on echinoderms, including:
 algae, protozoa,
 ctenophores, turbellaria,
 barnacles, copepods,
 decapods, snails,
 clams, polychaetes,
 fish and other echinoderms
END OF LESSON