OF VERB TENSES

HAVE/HAS + BEEN + verb in -ING HAVE / HAS + PARTICIPLE (3er column or -ed)
 BOTH THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS AND THE PRESENT PERFECT:

1. Are used to talk about past actions or states which are still connected to the present.
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
● An action that started in the past and which
still continues in the present:
- We have been living in Ireland for two years
- I have been writing for two hours
● An action whose results are still apparent.
- I’m exhausted. I have been working on this
project all day long. = (I’m still working on it)
- I have been writing an email for half an hour
(Llevo escribiendo un email media hora)
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
● An action that began in the past
and continuous until the present:
- We have lived in Ireland for two years
- I have written 6 reviews.
● An action that took place at an
undetermined time in the past but
is connected to the present
- I’m exhausted. I have worked on this
project all day long.
- I have just written an email.
(Acabo de escribir un email)
 TIME EXPRESSIONS
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
- How long …? → How long have
you been learning English.
- All day/all night/all morning/all week
→ We’re exhausted. We’ve been
working on the school project all
day/all night/all morning/…
-For: I’ve been living here for a year.
Since: I have been living here since I
was born.
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
-How long …. ? → How long have you known each other?
-Ever (?) → Have you ever used a pay phone?
-Never (-) → No, I haven’t. I have never used a pay
phone.
-Since → I have lived in Aínsa since I was born
-For → I have lived in Aínsa for 16 years
-Already (+) → I have already worked as a blogger
just (+) → I’ve just finished.
yet (-) → I haven’t worked as a blogger yet.
recently (+/-)→ James has(n’t) recently read that novel
lately (+/-/?)→ I haven’t heard from him lately
So far (+/-/?)→ How long have you walked so far?
In recent years (+/-/?) → The population of the city has
been rising rapidly in the recent years.