Metals

1a) Gold conducts heat and electricity. Gold is ductile and malleable. It is a
solid at room temperature, is lustrous and has a high melting temperature
(1062°C).

b) In ancient times, gold was used for jewelleries, idols, for worship, etc.

c) Gold was easy to collect and relatively shaped.

d)  Firstly, gold is a soft metal and so it cannot be used to make tools and
weapons.
 Secondly, gold is too expensive to afford just for building cheap items
like tools and weapons.

e) Copper was used in ancient times for tools and weapons.

2) Stone age  Copper age  Bronze age  Iron age  Current metal age

3) Not all metals (elements) had been discovered back then.

4) Most of the metal ores are not pure metals, this is because most pure
metals are either very soft or they are very reactive. Hence they will readily
react with other elements on earth and exist in different forms.

5) Elements such as gold, zinc, silver, platinum and copper can be found
naturally as few metals can resist weathering processes, and these are one of
them. That is why some metals are found naturally.

6) Aluminium ore is called bauxite. The bauxite is purified to produce

aluminium oxide, a white powder from which aluminium can be extracted.
The extraction is done by electrolysis. The ions in the aluminium oxide must
be free to move so that electricity can pass through it.
Iron is extracted from iron ore in a huge container called a blast furnace.

7a) An alloy is a metal made by combining two or more metallic elements,

especially to give greater strength or resistance to corrosion.
 b) An alloy has better characteristics than a pure metal. Pure metals are rather
soft, ductile and corrosive. Compared to pure metals, alloys have better
corrosion resistance, lower costs, higher strength and better workability.

c)
ALLOY MAIN OTHER USEFUL USE
METAL ELEMEN PROPERTY
TS
ADDED
Brass Copper Zinc Lustre, gold colour Gold taps, musical,
instruments, trick for
showing it’s gold, etc
Pewter Tin Lead / Has wholesome Dishes, church vessels
copper quality look and decorative items, etc
Stainless Iron / Nickel / It is stainless Kitchen accessories such
steel carbon chromium as dishes, etc
Duralumin Aluminiu Dürener strong, light-weighted, Wires, bars, rods, plates,
m and hard alloy of wheels, aircraft fittings,
aluminium etc
Solder Tin Lead Low melting point Used to bond metal
workpieces together
Bronze Copper Tin Looks glamorous Medals, musical
instruments, sculptures,
etc
Nichrome Nickel Chromium Highly resistant to Toasters, electrical
electrical flow and kettles, resistant wires,
heat etc

8) Research is one of the most reliable ways to answer questions we have

about ourselves and about the world around us and is critical to help us
navigate our ever-changing world. Without it, we would have to rely on
people's opinions, our intuitions and luck. Everyone would have different
theories (speculations) and it can’t be proven which one is correct.
It is important to support scientific research as it takes a lot of time to do.
Researchers or scientists who like doing scientific research won’t have time
for a job to earn money for a living if they do scientific research. If they are
supported, they can earn money while doing their investigations .