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MATHEMATICS

Sir Uzairi
It Takes 4 Repetitions to Learn,
BAB 3: PENAAKULAN LOGIK If You Need Less... You’re Gifted,
CHAPTER 3: LOGICAL REASONING If You Need More... You’re Not Even Trying.

1. Premis 1: Jika y kurang daripada sifar, maka y


Jika � + 3 > 2, maka � > − 1.
adalah nombor negatif
Premise 1: If y less than zero, then y is a If � + 3 > 2, then � > − 1.
negative number
Premise 2: ………………………
Premise 2:…………………………. 3. Nyatakan kontrapositif bagi implikasi di atas.
Kesimpulan: -2 adalah nombor negatif. State the contrapositive of the above implication.
Conclusion: -2 is a negative number.
A Jika � > − 1, maka � + 3 > 2
Berdasarkan hujah di atas, nyatakan Premis 2 If � > − 1, then � + 3 > 2
bagi melegkapkan hujah
B Jika � ≥ − 1, maka � + 3 ≥ 2
Based on the above argument, state Premise 2 to
If � ≥ − 1, then � + 3 ≥ 2
complete the argument.
A Semua nombor yang kurang C Jika � + 3 ≤ 2, maka � ≤ 1
daripada sifar adalah nombor If � + 3 ≤ 2, then � ≤ 1
negetif.
All numbers that are less than zero are D Jika � ≤ − 1, maka � + 3 ≤ 2
negative numbers. If � ≤ − 1, then � + 3 ≤ 2
B y kurang daripada sifar.
y less than zero 4. Antara penyataan berikut, yang manakah
C y adalah benar palsu?
y is true. Which of the following statement is false?
D -2 kurang daripada sifar. A 4 atau 5 ialah nombor perdana
-2 less than zero 4 or 5 is a prime number.

2. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah merupakan B 2+ 3= 6 dan/and 5 x 2 = 10


satu pernyataan?
Which of the following is a statement? C Sebilangan pyramid mempunyai tapak
A 3� > 8 segi empat sama.
B 2� − 6 =− 8 Some pyramid have a square base.
C 42 + 6
D Semua gandaaan 4 ialah gandaan 2
D 32 = 9
All multiples of 4 are multiples of 2

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It Takes 4 Repetitions to Learn,
If You Need Less... You’re Gifted,
If You Need More... You’re Not Even Trying.
5. (a) Tulis dua implikasi bagi pernyataan berikut.
Write two implications of the following statement.

4� + � = 25 jika dan hanya jika � = 5


4� + � = 25 if and only if � = 5

[2 markah/ marks]

(b) Tulis Premis 2 untuk melengkapkan hujah berikut. Seterusnya, tentukan kesahan hujah tersebut.
Write Premise 2 to complete the following argument. Next, determine the validity of the argument.

Premis 1: Jika x ialah gandaan 10, maka x boleh dibahagi tepat dengan 2
Premise 1: If x is a multiple of 10, then x is can be divided by 2.

Premis 2: ……………………………………………………….

Premise 2: ……………………………………………………………

Kesimpulan: 45 tidak boleh dibahagi tepat dengan 2


Conclusion: 45 cannot be divided equally by 2

[2 markah/ marks]

6. (a) Tuliskan kontrapositif bagi implikasi berikut. Seterusnya, nyatakan sama ada kontrapositif itu benar
atau palsu.
Write down the contrapositive of the following implication. Hence state whether the contrapositive is true
or false.

Jika p ialah nombor genap, maka p boleh dibahagi tepat dengan 2.


If p is an even number, then p is divisible by 2.

[2 markah/ marks]

-3-
It Takes 4 Repetitions to Learn,
If You Need Less... You’re Gifted,
If You Need More... You’re Not Even Trying.
(b) Tulis Premis 2 untuk melegkapkan hujah berikut.
Write Premise 2 to complete the following argument.

Premis 1: Semua fungsi kuadratik mempunyai titik pusingan.


Premise 1: All quadratic functions have turning points.

Premis 2: …………………………………………………….

Premise 2: …………………………………………………………..

Kesimpulan: Fungsi g(x) mempunyai titik pusingan


Conclusion: The function g(x) has a turning point.

[1 markah/ mark]

(c) Bentukkan suatu hujah induktif berdasarkan jujukan nombor, berikut, 3,8,17,30……..
Form an inductive argument based on these sequence number, 3,8,17,30……….

3 = 3(1) + 2(0)2
8 = 3(2) + 2(1)2
17 = 3(3) + 2(1)2
30 = 3(4) + 2(3)2
.... = ………….

[2 markah/ marks]

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It Takes 4 Repetitions to Learn,
NOTES: If You Need Less... You’re Gifted,
If You Need More... You’re Not Even Trying.

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