JANZENT G.

CALISO

Computer Parts &

Computer
Hardware Parts
A discussion on tech's impact on the education sector
 01 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

02 Motherboard

WHAT'S IN COMPUTER?
03 Random Access Memory (RAM)

Computer 04
Storage (Hard Disk Drive (HDD) & Solid State Drive
(SSD))

Parts &
05 Power Supply Unit (PSU)

06 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

Hardware 07

08
Case (Chassis)

Cooling System (Fans, Heat Sinks, Liquid Cooling)

09 Optical Drive

10 Peripheral Devices

11 Network Interface Card (NIC)

 Central
Processing WHAT IS C.P.U?

Unit (CPU) The Central Processing Unit

(CPU) is fundamentally the most
critical component of a
computer, often referred to as
its "brain." It performs the
essential tasks that allow the
computer to run programs and
execute user commands.
Motherboard
WHAT IS MOTHERBOARD?

The motherboard is like the backbone of a

computer that connects all its parts together. It has
special slots for the CPU, memory (RAM), and other
components like graphics cards. It also has ports
for connecting things like hard drives and external
devices. The type of motherboard determines what
parts can be used with it, affecting how powerful or
upgradable a computer is.
Random Access
Memory (RAM)
WHAT IS RAM?

RAM, or Random Access Memory, is like your

computer's thinking space. It holds information for
programs you're currently using, helping them run
smoothly. The more RAM you have, the faster your
computer can work on multiple tasks at once.
However, RAM is temporary and gets erased when
you turn off your computer.
Storage: HDD’s & SSd’s
WHAT IS HDDS AND SSD AS STORAGE?

HDDs (Hard Disk Drives): - *How They Work*: HDDs use magnetic storage to store data on
spinning disks called platters. Data is written and read using a read/write head that moves over
the spinning platters. -

*Advantages*: HDDs typically offer larger storage capacities at a lower cost per gigabyte
compared to SSDs. -

*Disadvantages*: They are slower than SSDs in terms of read/write speeds, boot times, and
overall performance. They are also more susceptible to physical damage due to moving parts.

SSDs (Solid State Drives): - *How They Work*: SSDs use flash memory to store data, which is a
type of non-volatile memory that can retain data even when the power is turned off. This means
SSDs have no moving parts. -

*Advantages*: SSDs are much faster than HDDs, offering quicker boot times, faster file transfers,
and overall snappier performance. They are also more durable and reliable due to the lack of
moving parts. -

*Disadvantages*: SSDs are typically more expensive than HDDs, especially for higher storage
capacities.
Power Supply Unit
(PSU)
WHAT IS PSU?

The power supply unit (PSU) in a computer is like a power

converter. It takes the electricity from your wall outlet,
which is in a form that your computer can't use directly,
and converts it into a form that your computer's
components can use. It powers everything inside your
computer, such as the motherboard, CPU, graphics card,
and storage drives. The PSU has different cables and
connectors to deliver the right amount of power to each
part of your computer. It also has safety features to
protect your computer from power-related issues.
Graphics
Processing Unit
(GPU)
WHAT IS GPU?

The GPU, or Graphics Processing Unit, is like a

supercharged calculator specifically designed to handle
graphics-related tasks. It helps your computer create and
display images, videos, and animations on your screen.
The GPU is essential for activities like gaming, video
editing, and graphic design, as it can quickly process large
amounts of visual information to make everything look
smooth and detailed.
Case (Chassis)
WHAT IS CHASSIS?

The CPU case, also known as the computer case or chassis, is the enclosure that
houses all the internal components of a computer. It provides physical protection,
organization, and support for the various components inside.

Importance of the CPU Case:

1. *Protection*: The case protects the internal components from dust, moisture, and
physical damage, ensuring their longevity and reliability.
2. *Organization*: It provides a structured layout for the components, making it easier
to install and upgrade parts. 3. *Cooling*: The case is designed with ventilation and
fans to help dissipate heat generated by the components, preventing overheating and
ensuring optimal performance.
4. *Aesthetics*: Cases come in various designs and colors, allowing users to
customize the look of their computer to suit their preferences.
5. *Noise Reduction*: Some cases are designed with noise-dampening materials to
reduce the noise generated by the internal components, providing a quieter computing
experience.
Cooling System
WHAT IS COOLING SYSTEM?

The cooling system in a PC is responsible for maintaining optimal operating

temperatures for the internal components, such as the CPU and GPU, to prevent
overheating and ensure reliable performance. It typically consists of fans, heat sinks,
and sometimes liquid cooling solutions.

Importance of Cooling System:

1. *Preventing Overheating*: The primary role of the cooling system is to prevent the
components from overheating, which can lead to performance issues, system
instability, and even permanent damage.
2. *Maintaining Performance*: By keeping the components cool, the cooling system
helps maintain their performance levels. Overheating can cause components to
throttle, reducing performance.
3. *Increasing Lifespan*: Cooler temperatures can prolong the lifespan of the
components, as excessive heat can degrade their performance over time.
4. *Quiet Operation*: A well-designed cooling system can help keep the system quiet
by efficiently dissipating heat without the need for noisy fans to run at high speeds.
5. *Stability and Reliability*: Proper cooling ensures that the components operate
within their specified temperature ranges, ensuring stability and reliability of the
system.
Optical Drive
WHAT IS OPTICAL DRIVE?

An optical drive in a PC is a device that uses laser light or

electromagnetic waves to read or write data to optical discs
such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs. It is commonly known
as a CD/DVD/Blu-ray drive. Optical drives were once a
standard component in most PCs but have become less
common in modern computers due to the rise of digital
distribution and cloud storage. They are primarily used for
installing software, playing movies or music, and creating
backup discs.
Peripherals Devices
WHAT IS PERIPHERALS DEVICE?

Peripheral devices are hardware components that are connected to a computer and
extend its functionality. These devices are typically external to the main computer
housing and serve specific purposes.

Examples of peripheral devices include:

1. *Input Devices*: Devices that allow users to input data into the computer, such as
keyboards, mice, and touchscreens.
2. *Output Devices*: Devices that provide information from the computer to the user,
such as monitors, printers, and speakers.
3. *Storage Devices*: Devices that store data externally from the computer's main
storage, such as external hard drives, USB flash drives, and memory cards.
4. *Networking Devices*: Devices that enable the computer to connect to a network,
such as network interface cards (NICs), modems, routers, and switches.
5. *Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Cards*: Expansion cards that are installed
inside the computer to provide additional functionality, such as sound cards, video
capture cards, and network interface cards. Peripheral devices enhance the capabilities
of a computer and allow users to interact with and utilize the computer for various tasks.
Network Interface
Card (NIC)
WHAT IS NETWORK INTERFACE CARD?

A network interface card (NIC) is like a translator between

your computer and the network. It's a hardware component
that allows your computer to connect to a network, such as
the internet. The NIC takes data from your computer,
converts it into a format suitable for transmission over the
network, and sends it out. It also receives data from the
network, translates it into a format your computer can
understand, and delivers it to your computer. Essentially, the
NIC enables your computer to communicate with other
devices on the network.