Worksheet

Print Culture
1. Where did the development of print first begin?
A. East Asia
B. B Europe
C. India
D. America

2. In which countries was the earliest kind of print technology developed?

A. India
B. England
C. China, Japan and Korea.
D. Malaya

3. How were the books in China printed?

A. printing by seals
B. by rubbing paper, against the inked surface of woodblocks
C. machine printing
D. rust printing

4. How were the books bound in China?

A. seal together with glue
B. machine bound
C. C folded and stitched at the side
D. D were not bound, just put together

5. Which country was a major producer of print material for a long time?
A. Korea
B. B China
C. Japan
D. India

6. Since China possessed a huge bureaucratic system in the Imperial state how did they do
recruitment of its personnel?
A. through civil service examinations
B. through verbal interview
C. if somebody knew someone in the bureaucratic system
D. direct choice of the royals

7. How did the candidates prepare for this examination?

 A. studying textbooks printed for the preparation of this exam
B. tutorials through teachers
C. self research
D. home tutoring

8. What changes occurred in the seventeenth century, as urban culture bloomed in China?
i. Print was no longer used just by scholar officials
ii. Merchants used print in their everyday life, as they collected trade information.
iii. New readership preferred fictional narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of
literary masterpieces, and romantic plays
iv. Women began publishing their poetry and plays. Wives of scholar-officials published
their works and courtesans wrote about their lives.

A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

9. What further advancement did this new reading culture bring about?
A. Mechanical presses were made in China
B. Western printing techniques and mechanical presses were imported
C. More stress on the block printing method
D. Mechanical presses were exported to other countries

10. Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture, catering to the Western-style schools.
A. Beijing
B. Hangzhou
C. Shanghai
D. Guangzhou

11. Who introduced hand-printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770 ?

A. Chinese travelers
B. Chinese Scholars
C. Buddhist missionaries from China
D. Chinese teachers

12. In the late eighteenth century, in the flourishing urban circles of Tokyo …………………..
had become very popular along with the text in the books.
i. visual material
ii. advertising products
iii. print photography
iv. paintings in print
A. i and iv
B. i and ii
C. i, ii and iii
 D. None of the above

13. When did Chinese paper reach Europe?

A. 8th century
B. 11th century
C. 12th century
D. 7th century
14. In 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after many years of exploration in
China, what knowledge did he carry back with him?
A. how to make paper
B. art of calligraphy
C. The technology of woodblock printing.
D. visual printing

15. What is Vellum?

A. Base made from synthetic
B. A parchment made from the skin of animals
C. base made from cloth to write on
D. paper made from bark

16. What was the reason behind the popularity of woodblock printing in 15th century Europe to
print textiles, playing cards, and religious pictures with simple, brief texts.
i. demand for books increased, booksellers all over Europe began exporting books to many
different countries
ii. Production of handwritten manuscripts was also organized in new ways to meet the
expanded demand
iii. Production of handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever-increasing demand for
books
iv. Copying was an expensive, laborious and time-consuming business.
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

17. When did Johann Gutenberg developed the first-known printing press at
Strasbourg, Germany?
A. 1430s
B. 1420s
C. 1520s
D. 1450s

18. Which was the first publication that Gutenberg printed?

A. Political articles
B. Bible
C. Newspapers
 D. travel stories

19. What were the main characteristics of these printed books?

i. The metal letters imitated the ornamental handwritten styles.
ii. Borders were illuminated by hand with foliage and other patterns, and illustrations were
painted
iii. In the books printed for the rich, space for decoration was kept blank on the printed page
iv. Each purchaser could choose the design and decide on the painting school that would do
the illustrations.
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

20. Were the common people able to have access to reading?

i. No, many were not literate
ii. No, they lived in a world of oral culture. They heard sacred texts read out, ballads
recited, and folk tales narrated.
iii. They were able to get the hand me downs from the rich
iv. They bought books just like the rich
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

21. How did the print media affect the religious systems?
A. there was no affect
B. no questioning and debates came up
C. Those who disagreed with established authorities could now print and circulate
their ideas. Through the printed message, they could persuade people to think
differently
D. print media and religion stayed away from each other

22. In 1517, the religious reformer Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses criticising many of
the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church, what was its outcome?
i. they were ignored by the church
ii. A printed copy of this was posted on a church door in Wittenberg. It challenged the
Church to debate his ideas.
iii. Luther’s writings were immediately reproduced in vast numbers and read widely.
iv. This lead to a division within the Church and to the beginning of the Protestant
Reformation. Luther’s translation of the New Testament sold 5,000 copies within a few
weeks
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
 D. ii, iii and iv

23. What is Heretical?

A. Beliefs which do not follow the accepted teachings of the Church.
B. self made religious beliefs
C. foreign accepted religious beliefs
D. accepted teachings of the Church
24. Why did the Roman Church begin to maintain an Index of Prohibited Books from 1558?
i. interference of foreign writers
ii. Giving too many independent beliefs to people through books
iii. Troubled by such effects of popular readings and questionings of faith
iv. Writing and printing of heretical beliefs
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. ii, ii and iv
D. iii and iv

25. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries how did literacy rates grow?
A. Churches of different denominations set up schools in villages, carrying literacy
to peasants and artisans.
B. The government took strong initiative to open schools
C. individual teacher to student teaching took on a major growth
D. self learning became the passion among people

26. What is a Chapbook?

A. a literature book
B. coffee table book of arts and designs
C. pocket sized books that were sold by travelling pedlars called chapmen
D. a religious book

27. What other benefits came through printing during this period?
i. Newspapers and journal for information on wars and trade.
ii. Publications related to science with maps and diagrams
iii. Not much benefit as printing was limited
iv. Writings of thinkers such as Thomas Paine, Voltaire and Jean Jacques Rousseau were also
widely printed and read.
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. i, ii and iv

28. What was the common conviction by the mid-eighteenth century, about printing and reading?
A. those books were a means of spreading progress and enlightenment
B. that people only read what the writer wanted them to read
C. books created discourses
 D. that book knowledge was uneven in the society

29. Who proclaimed: ‘Tremble, therefore, tyrants of the world! Tremble before the virtual
writer!’
A. James Lackington
B. Rousseau
C. Voltaire
D. Louise-Sebastien Mercier

30. What impact did print have regarding the French Revolution?
i. print popularized the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers, their writings provided a critical
commentary on tradition, superstition and despotism and reasoning
ii. Print created a new culture of dialogue and debate
iii. By the 1780s there was literature that mocked the royalty and monarchy and criticized their
morality, along with cartoons and caricatures
iv. People were not affected directly but they did pay attention
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

31. When was the children’s press, devoted to literature for children alone, set up in France?
A. 1857
B. 1855
C. 1860
D. 1854

32. What kind of writings did the women produce at the time?
A. A religious writings
B. manuals teaching proper behaviour and housekeeping, they wrote about a person with
will, strength of personality, determination and the power to think.
C. feminist writings
D. tragedies

33. In the 1920s in England, popular works were sold in cheap series, called the
A. Shilling Series.
B. Penny Series
C. Yorkshire Series
D. Oxford Series

34. How were the ancient handwritten manuscripts in India preserved?

A. by binding
B. either pressed between wooden covers or sewn together
C. glued together
D. kept loose
35. When did the printing press first come to India?
A. with East India Company
B. much after the establishment of the British
C. With Portuguese missionaries in the mid-sixteenth century.
D. with the Dutch merchants

36. What began English printing in India?

A. James Augustus Hickey began to edit the Bengal Gazette
B. East India Company started printing for its administrative purposes
C. English writers encouraged it in India
D. Colonial government printed to build its image

37. When did the first of the Indian newspapers get published in the vernacular languages?
A. 1825
B. 1821-22
C. 1815
D. 1810

38. What did the Deoband Seminary, founded in 1867, publish?

A. Anti Muslim ideologies
B. Hindu Muslim amalgamation
C. thousands of fatwa’s telling Muslim readers how to conduct themselves in their everyday
lives, and explaining the meanings of Islamic doctrines
D. Persian newspapers

39. When did the first printed edition of the Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas, a sixteenth-century
text, come out?
A. 1810
B. 1910
C. 1815
D. 1812

40. Which were the new literary forms that entered the world of Indian reading?
A. religious writings
B. Anti British publications
C. translations of foreign novels
D. lyrics , short stories , essays about social and political matters

41. By the end of the nineteenth century, a new visual culture was taking shape, what was it?
i. Cheap prints and calendars, easily available in the bazaar, the poor decorated their homes
ii. Painters like Raja R avi Varma produced images for mass circulation
iii. These prints began shaping popular ideas about modernity and tradition, religion and
politics, and society and culture
iv. caricatures and cartoons were being published
 A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

42. Was women’s’ education encouraged with the increase in reading culture?
A. Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their womenfolk at home, and sent them
to schools when women’s schools were set up in the cities.
B. No the women weren’t allowed to be educated
C. Education for women would lead them to liberal ideologies which was not accepted
D. Women were meant for only home chores

43. Why did the early twentieth century, journals, written for and sometimes edited by women,
become popular?
A. they did not become popular
B. they corrupted the minds of the women
C. because they discussed issues like women’s education, widowhood, widow remarriage,
d fashion lessons to women
D. they were discouraged

44. Dr B R Ambedkar wrote mainly on the issues of ………………

A. women
B. caste system
C. political issues
D. economy

45. In the 1930s, Bangalore cotton millworkers set up libraries to educate themselves, who were
they sponsored by?
A. Mill owners
B. social reformers
C. educationists
D. freedom fighters

46. What regulations did the Calcutta Supreme Court pass by the 1820s?
A. to control press freedom
B. Freedom to press
C. to write only pro British
D. no social reform publications

47. What was the impact of this on the East India Company?
A. No impact
B. Company began to trouble the Indian writers
C. Company began encouraging publication of newspapers that would celebrate British
rule
D. they discouraged newspapers that wrote pro India
48. What happened after the revolt of 1857?
i. Enraged Englishmen demanded a clamp down on the ‘native’ press
ii. ii.As vernacular newspapers became assertively nationalist, the colonial government
began debating measures of stringent control
iii. iii.No rights for Indians to write
iv. Only English writings to be published
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

49. What was the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 about?

A. No rights for Indians to write
B. It provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the
vernacular press
C. Indian writers to be banished
D. Only English writings to be published

50. When Punjab revolutionaries were deported in 1907, who wrote with great sympathy about
them in his Kesari?
A. Balgangadhar Tilak
B. Subhashchandra Bose
C. Chandrashekhar Azaad
D. Udham Singh
51. Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into ———— around
A.D. 768-770.(2020)
52. By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system of printing. The first book he printed was the——
———-(2020)

3 and 5 marks Questions:

1. How had hand printing technology introduced in Japan? [CBSE Delhi 2019]
2."Not everyone welcomed the printed book, and those who did also had fears about it." Justify
the statement by giving three arguments. [CBSE 2018]
3. How did the printing press help in emerging a new reading public? [CBSE 2018]
4. State an important characteristic of the oldest Japanese book, Diamond Sutra.[CBSE 2018]
5. Which city of China became the hub of new print culture? [CBSE 2016-17]
6. How did the Buddhist missionaries from China introduce printing technology into Japan
around ad 768-770? Explain.[CBSE 2016-17]
OR
Who introduced print culture to Japan?
[CBSE 2016-17]
7. Which Asian country was the major producer of printed material in the 16th century and why?
[CBSE 2016-17]
8. Why were manuscripts not widely used in everyday life? Give three reasons.
[CBSE 2016-17]
9."The print culture created the conditions within which the French Revolution occurred." Give
three arguments in favour of the statement. [CBSE 2016-17]
10. What was Protestant Reformation?[CBSE 2016-17]
11. How did the print revolution lead to the development of a reading mania in Europe?
OR
How had printing press created a new culture of reading in Europe? Explain with examples.
[CBSE 2019, 32/2/3]
12. How did print help connect communities and people in different parts of India? Explain with
examples.
OR
"Print did not only stimulate the publication of conflicting opinions amongst communities, but it
also connected communities and people in different parts of India." Support the statement with
examples.[CBSE 2016-17]
13. Explain any five innovations in print technology in Europe that took place after the 18th
century. [CBSE 2016-17]
14. What is reading mania? Explain which factors led to reading mania in the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries in Europe? [CBSE 2016-17]
15. How did Gutenberg get the idea of a printing press and perfected it? Which was his first
printed book? [CBSE 2016-17]
OR
Name the first book printed by Gutenberg press. CBSE [2016-17]
16. Write a short note on Ukiyo. [CBSE 2016-17]
17. Describe the woodblock printing.[CBSE 2016-17]
18. The division within the Catholic Church was brought about by Print revolution. Discuss.
19. Why was printing of textbooks sponsored by the Imperial State in China? (2019)
20. Why did Chandu Menon give up the idea of translation of English Novels' in Malayalam?
(2019)
21. Why was 'Gulamgiri' book written by Jyotiba Phule in 1871? (2020)