Unit 3.1-3.

Fill in the blanks

1) The Arabian gulf is rich in resources including oil, fish and pearls.
2) The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water in the world.
3) Arabian desert is the second largest desert in the world.
4)The Eurasian plate and the Arabian plate collided with each other, pushing the rock
- upward thus, leading to the formation of the Zagros Mountain.
5) Koppen climate classification is the common system used to put climate zones into
- categories.
6) Categories of climate are based on annual rainfall and temperature.
7) There are five categories of climate namely,
a) Tropical
b) Dry
c) Temperate
d) Continental
e) Polar
8) The vegetation in most of the Arabian Peninsula is desert scrub.
9) Coniferous trees never loose their leaves and they produce fruit in the form of cones.
10) Deciduous trees or shrubs shed their leaves annually.
Write true or False
1) Coral reefs along past of the Red sea coastline- True
2) The vegetation in most of the Arabian peninsula in desert scrub- True
3) Lake van in Turkey flows- False
4) Tigris and Euphrates river flows into Arabian gulf- True
5) People can easily float in the Dead sea- True
Answer the following:
1) What does warm desert climate mean?
Ans: Most of the Middle East region has this climate. Here, the air is extremely dry and there
are high temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius. There are few clouds and very little rain.
2) Describe the natural vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula.
Ans: The vegetation is most of the Arabian Peninsula desert scrub, surrounding the Arabian
Gulf, temperate grasslands spread into Iraq and Syria. Here, the soils are rich and fertile,
allowing a wide variety of grass to grow.
3) What are natural resources?
Ans: Natural resources are materials that are found in nature that humans use. For example
wood, air water, oil, wind, energy, natural gas, iron and coal. Natural resources used to
provide energy are divided into two categories namely; Renewable resources and non-
renewable resources can be used over and over again for example coal, uranium, and crude
oil, whereas, non-renewable resources can be used once such as water, wind, and sunlight.
4) What is Biomass?
Ans: Biomass is an organic material that comes from plants and animals. It is renewable
source of energy. Biomass can be burnt to produce heat as energy, like energy.

5) How is Biomass produced?

Ans: Biomass is a mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the
absence of oxygen primarily consisting of methane and carbon dioxide. It can be collected
and burned to power electricity generators.

3.3 – 3.5
I Fill in the blanks:
1) There is a scarcity of fresh water around the world.
2) Blue water comes from the Earth’s surface or from underground.
3) Plants and the soil store green water.
4) Black water carries harmful diseases and cannot be used.
5) Industries use huge amounts of water in their production methods.
6) The ‘water footprint’ of a person or a group of people is the amount of water they use.
7) Grey water is polluted water

Answer the following questions:

1) What is global warming?
Global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere of the
Earth’s surface.
2) Name the three greenhouse gases.
Carbon dioxide, Methane and Nitrous oxide.
3) List the six human activities that have added more gases.
- Cutting trees
- Burning fossil fuels
- Transport
- Buildings
- Landfill
- Agriculture
4) What are the impacts of Global warming?
- Extreme weather
- Disappearing ice
- Rising sea levels
5) Define Sustainable developments.
Sustainable development is using resources wisely in order to protect the environment and
meet the needs of both present and future generations.

6) What does Inter-connected planet mean?

The planet in a system which everything is connected: the environment, the people and the
economy.

7) What is hydroponics?
Hydroponics is a technique for growing food using very little water. In traditional farming,
the soil provides plants with nutrients that they need whereas, In hydroponics systems do
not need soil but nutrients are added to water that is delivered to the plants’ roots.

8) How can we solve the problem of water scarcity?

- Educating people about how to use water more carefully.
- New ways of technology to access water that is different to reach.
- Use strong materials to make water pipes that do not leak or break.
- Reducing water foot print.
- Recycling grey water.
- Rainwater harvesting system provides clean water for nearly billions of people.
- Countries need to work together to share water more easily.

9) Advantages of hydroponics.
- Less water is used in agriculture and water can be reused.
- Food can be grown almost everyday.
- Large amounts of food can be grown on a small area of land.

Disadvantages of hydroponics
- This type of farming can be very expensive.
- Hydroponics farmers need to be extremely skilled.
- Fewer people are employed in this type of food production so the local population can
loose jobs.