1

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 2

1 (a) The table below contains some mean bond enthalpy data.

Bond H-0 0-0 O=O

1
Mean bond enthalpy/kl mol- 463 146 496

The bonding in hydrogen peroxide, H202 , can be represented by H-0-0-H. Use these
data to calculate the enthalpy change for the following reaction.

(3 marks)

(b) The standard enthalpy of formation, MI?, for methane, is -74.9kJmor1 . Write an
equation, including state symbols, for the reaction to which this enthalpy change applies.

(2 marks)

(c) The enthalpy changes for the formation of atomic hydrogen and atomic carbon from
their respective elements in their standard states are as follows.

½Hz(g) ➔ H(g) Ml e = +218kJmor1

C(s) ➔ C(g) Ml e = +715kJmor1

(i) By reference to its structure, suggest why a large amount of heat energy is required
to produce free carbon atoms from solid carbon.

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 3

(ii) Parts (b) and (c) give enthalpy data for the formation of CH4(g), H(g) and C(g).
Use these data and Hess's Law to calculate the value of the enthalpy change for
the following reaction.

CH4(g) ➔ C(g) + 4H(g)

(iii) Use your answer from part (c)(ii) to calculate a value for the mean bond enthalpy
of a C-H bond in methane.

(5 marks)

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 4

2 (a) Sodium carbonate forms a number of hydrates of general formula Na2CO3.xH2O

A 3.01 g sample of one of these hydrates was dissolved in water and the solution made
up to 250 cm3 .
In a titration, a 25.0 cm3 portion of this solution required 24.3 cm3 of 0.200 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid for complete reaction.
The equation for this reaction is shown below.

Na2CO 3 + 2HC1 ➔ 2NaCl + H2O + CO 2

(i) Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 24.3 cm3 of 0.200 mol dm-3 hydrochloric
acid.

(ii) Deduce the number of moles of Na2CO3 in 25.0 cm3 of the Na2CO 3 solution.

(iii) Hence deduce the number of moles of Na2CO 3 in the original 250cm3 of solution.

(iv) Calculate the Mr of the hydrated sodium carbonate.

(5 marks)

(b) In an experiment, the Mr of a different hydrated sodium carbonate was found to be 250.
Use this value to calculate the number of molecules of water of crystallisation, x, in this
hydrated sodium carbonate, Na2CO3.xH2O

(3 marks)

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 5

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 6

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 7

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION

 8

www.jknseducation.co.uk JKNS EDUCATION