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TRIUMPH B
States of Matter DPP - 01

1. A person living gin Shimla observed that cooking 5. Dipole-dipole forces act between the molecules
food without using pressure cooker takes more time. possessing permanent dipole. Ends of dipoles
The reason for this observation is that at high possess ‘partial charges’. The partial charge is
altitude: (1) more than unit electronic charge
(1) pressure increases (2) equal to unit electronic charge
(2) temperature decreases (3) less than unit electronic charge
(3) pressure decreases (4) double the unit electronic charge
(4) temperature increases
6. The pressure of a 1:4 mixture of dihydrogen and
2. Which of the following property of water can be dioxygen enclosed in a vessel is one atmosphere.
used to explain the spherical shape of rain droplets? What would be the partial pressure of dioxygen?
(1) viscosity (1) 0.8 × 105 atm
(2) surface tension (2) 0.008 Nm–2
(3) critical phenomena (3) 8 × 104 Nm–2
(4) pressure (4) 0.25 atm

3. A plot of volume (V) versus temperature (T) for a 7. As the temperature increases, average kinetic energy
gas at constant pressure is a straight line passing of molecules increases. What would be the effect of
through the origin. The plots at different values of increase of temperature on pressure provided the
pressure are shown in figure. Which of the volume is constant?
following order of pressure is correct for this gas? (1) increases
(2) decreases
(3) remains same
(4) becomes half

8. Gases possess characteristic critical temperature

which depends upon the magnitude of
intermolecular forces between the particles.
Following are the critical temperatures of some
gases.
(1) P1 > P2 > P3 > P4 Gases: H2 He O2 N2
(2) P1 = P2 = P3 = P4 Critical temperature in Kelvin
(3) P1 < P2 < P3 < P4 33.2 5.3 154.3 126
(4) P1 < P2 = P3 < P4 From the above data what would be the order of
liquefaction of these gases?
4. The interaction energy of London force is inversely Start writing the order from the gas liquefying first
proportional to sixth power of the distance between (1) H2, He, O2, N2
two interacting particles but their magnitude (2) He, O2, H2, N2
depends upon (3) N2, O2, He, H2
(1) charge of interacting particles (4) O2, N2, H2, He
(2) mass of interacting particles
(3) polaris ability of interacting particles
(4) strength of permanent dipoles in the particles
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9. Atmospheric pressures recorded in different cities 11. Increase in kinetic energy can overcome
are as follows: intermolecular forces of attraction. How will the
Cities Shimla Bangalore viscosity of liquid be affect by the increase in
P in N/m2 1.01 × 105 1.2 × 105 temperature?
Delhi Mumbai (1) Increase
1.02 × 105 1.21 × 105 (2) No effect
Consider the above data and mark the place at which (3) Decrease
liquid will boil first. (4) No regular pattern will be followed
(1) Shimla (2) Bangalore
(3) Delhi (4) Mumbai 12. Which of the following changes decrease the vapour
pressure of water kept in a sealed vessel?
10. Which curve in figure represents the curve of ideal (1) Decreasing the quantity of water
gas? (2) Addition salt to water
(3) Decreasing the volume of the vessel to one-half
(4) Decreasing the temperature of water

(1) B only
(2) C and D only
(3) E and F only
(4) A and B only
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Hints & Solutions

1. (3) ( 1 atm = 1.01325 × 105 Pa or Nm–2)
The pressure at the top of a mountain [or at high
altitude] is low. This suggests that boiling takes place = 0.8 × 105 Nm–2
at a lower temperature, due to which things take more = 8 × 104 Nm–2.
time to boil.
However, in a pressure cooker, the pressure is 7. (1)
increased and hence, boiling point increases. Thus, Gay Lussac's law states that at constant volume,
things come to boil in a pressure cooker in a less pressure of a fixed amount of a gas varies directly
period of time. with the temperature.
∴ P  T (at constant volume)
2. (2)
Thus, if temperature is increased at constant volume
The spherical shape of rain droplets is due to surface
tension. The lowest energy state of a liquid will be pressure increases.
when the surface area is minimum. Surface tension
tries to decrease the surface area of the liquid to the 8. (4)
minimum. The rain droplets are spherical because for Critical temperature (of a substance) can be defined
a given volume, a sphere has minimum surface area as the highest possible temperature at which the
substance can exist as a liquid. At temperatures above
3. (3)
the critical temperature, a gas can never be liquified
P1 < P2 < P3 < P4
At a particular temperature and the critical temperature depends on the strength
pV = constant P1V1=P2V2=P3V3=P4V4 of intermolecular forces between the molecules,
As V1 > V2 > V3 > V4, therefore we can say stronger the intermolecular forces, higher will be the
P1 < P2 < P3 < P4 critical temperature. Hence, higher the critical
Hence, the correct answer is option 3. temperature of a gas, more easily the gas will be
liquified as molecules will be close enough to get
4. (3)
London dispersion forces operate only over very short liquified. Increasing order of critical temperature is:
distance. The energy of interaction varies as He < H2 < N2 < O2
1 So, order of liquefaction of gases will be:
(distance between two interacting particles)6 O2 > N2 > H2 > He
Large or more complex are the molecules, greater is Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.
the magnitude of London forces. This is obviously
due to the fact that the large electron clouds are easily 9. (1)
distorted or polarised. The correct option is A Shimla. The boiling point of a
Hence, greater the polarisability of the interacting liquid is defined as the temperature at which vapour
particles, greater is the magnitude of the interaction pressure of liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric
energy.
pressure. So, lower is the atmospheric pressure, lower
5. (3) is the boiling point of liquid, which means lower
temperature will be required to boil the same amount
6. (3) of liquid. According to give data, Shimla has lowest
pO2  xO2  Ptotal atmospheric pressure, hence liquid will boil first in
(Given Ptotal = 1 atm) this city as lesser temperature will be required to boil
4 the liquid.
x O2 
5
4 10. (1)
p O2  1 0.8 atm For ideal gas pV = constant at all pressures.
5 Therefore, only B represents ideal gas.

11. (3)
With the increase in temperature, the kinetic energy
of the molecules of liquid increases which can
overcome the intermolecular forces. Hence, the liquid
starts flowing. In other words, the viscosity of a liquid
decreases with increase in temperature. It has been
found that the decreases are about2%per degree rise
in temperature.
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12. (4)
On adding salt to water, surface area available for
water molecule to vaporizes decreases. This leads to
decrease in the vapour pressure of water.
Vapour pressure is directly proportional to the
temperature, hence the vapour pressure decrease on
lowering of the temperature.
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