ON THE

TRAIL
MAP & MAP READING
A two-dimensional representation
of a three- dimensional area. If
you are able to read a map, and
can interpret the information it
contains, you can visualize what
an area looks like and use these
features as landmarks to make
navigation easier.
 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
Incorporate a legend and show
important features, such as
rivers, railroads, paths, buildings,
and forested areas, and also
depict the lie of the land through
the use of contour lines to
represent height.
 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
Incorporate a legend and show
important features, such as
rivers, railroads, paths,
buildings, and forested areas,
and also depict the lie of the
land through the use of contour
lines to represent height.
 MEASURING DISTANCE
Being able to measure
distance is important
because it means you
can calculate the most
energy-efficient route
to your destination.
 MEASURING DISTANCE
Using
String
or
Solder
Compass
A compass needle is
a magnetized piece
of metal that when
allowed to rotate
freely, will orientate
itself to the North
and South magnetic
poles.
Types of
compass
Silva compass
typically feature a liquid-filled capsule
containing a magnetized needle that aligns
itself with the Earth's magnetic field,
allowing users to determine their direction
accurately. They often include additional
features such as a rotating bezel with
degree markings for measuring bearings, a
transparent baseplate with a ruler for map
navigation, and luminous markings for
night-time use.
Botton compass
 Fixed dial
compass
typically refers to a type of compass
that has a fixed dial or bezel,
meaning that the dial does not
rotate independently. Instead, the
user rotates the entire compass
housing to align the compass
needle with the desired direction.
Basic
orienteering
compass
Always hold a compass
level.
Never use compass near metal
or other magnetized objects
Electric currents
Buildings and vehicles
NAVIGATING
WITHOUT A
COMPASS
Improvised
compass
 1. The Tapping Method
Align the needle as close to the
north-south line as you can
determine, hold the needle at an
angle of 45 degrees, and gently
tap the end of it with another
piece of metal. Lightly tapping it
into a hard piece of wood will
increase the effect.
 2. Using your Hair
Hold the sharp end of the needle
perpendicular to your head and-
taking care not to hurt our self-
stroke the needle in one
direction through your hair, using
careful and deliberate strokes.
Repeat until the needle is
magnetized.
 3. Suspension Method
It works best with a
magnetized razor blade, which
will balance well. Attach the
magnetized to a cotton thread
and suspend it inside a plastic
bottle.
 4. Floating Method

In a sheltered place,
float the needle on the
surface of some water.
Balance the needle on a
small, dry leaf.
Global Positioning System
Natural
Navigation
 1. Using the Sun
Shadow Stick Basics - In
the northern hemisphere
the shadow of the stick
will be on the north side of
the east-west line.
 2. Using the Sun
In the southern hemisphere
the reverse is true: the
shadow of the stick will be
on the south side of the
east-west line.
When the shadow is at
its shortest, it is midday.
Learning Task 01
• Create a Vicinity Map of your own Barangay with Legends. (Health
Center, Barangay Hall, and other facilities/establishments located in
your barangay.
Thank
you!