AGE IN DAYS

The age is what identifies how old the person is. The purpose of this
investigation is to know what is the equivalent age of a person in days. .

Guide Question:

1. How can we accurately convert age in years to age in days?

2. How many days are in a year, on average?

INVESTIGATE.

I. PRELIMINARY SKIRMISHING/STRUGGLE

To start, one interesting fact about age is that it can be measured in

different units. For example we can measure a person’s age in years, months,
weeks, days, hours, minutes, or even seconds.

Let’s consider the unit of years for this investigation. Suppose you are given
someone’s age in years and you want to know their age in days. The
conversion factor between years and days is 365.25, or the average number
of days in a year (taking into account leap years).
II. GESTATING
III. EXPLORING SYSTEMATICALLY

AGE IN YEARS AGE IN DAYS

1 365.25
2 730.5
3 1095.75
4 1461
5 1826.25

OBSERVATION:
We obtain that age in years multiplied by 365.25 (the average days in a
year) is equivalent to age in days.

IV. MAKING CONJECTURES

AGE IN YEARS AGE IN DAYS

1 365.25 1×365.25
2 730.5 2×365.25
3 1095.75 3×365.25
4 1461 4×365.25
5 1826.25 5×365.25
6 2191.5 6×365.25
7 2556.75 7×365.25
8 2992 8×365.25
9 3287.25 9×365.25
10 3652.5 10×365.25

Based on the table above, it suggests that if we let ‘’Y’’ as the number of age
in years and ‘’D’’ as the number of age in days, we obtain number of age in
days (D) is equal to (Y) times the average days in a year. In symbols we
have; D=Y(365.25)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’D’’ is the number of age in days;
“365.25” the average number of days in a year
V. TESTING CONJECTURES

AGE IN YEARS AGE IN DAYS

1 365.25

2 730.5

3 1095.75

4 1461

5 1826.25

6 2191.5

7 2556.75

8 2992

9 3287.25

10 3652.5

Solving for the age in days:

Let; Let:

Y=6 Y=8

D=Y(365.25) D=Y(365.25)

D=6(365.25) D=8(365.25)

D= 2191.5 D= 2992
VI. EXPLAINING OR JUSTIFYING

In making an investigation, you have to consider steps in order to come up

with an organized and meaningful outcome or result.

Same as, in making or getting a conjecture.

FOR EXAMPLE:

 Consider the age in years is 67, find the equivalent age in days.

D=Y(365.25)
D= 67(365.25)
D= 24,471.75
 Consider the age in years 49, find the equivalent age in days.
D=Y(365.25)
D= 49(365.25)
D=17,897.25

VII. REORGANIZING

Let us try different situation. What if the given age is in days?

 Consider the age in days is 32,507.25, find the equivalent age in years.

D=Y(365.25)
32,507.25=Y(365.25)
32,507.25 Y(365.35)
= 365.25
365.25
89=Y

Therefore the conjecture is valid.

VIII. ELABORATING

As we go along our investigation, some questions have aroused that is

possible for consideration.

1. How about in getting age in months?

2. How about in getting age in weeks;hours;minutes;seconds?
3. Are there any practical applications of measuring age in
days,months,weeks,hours, minutes and seconds?

IX. SUMMARIZING

 To get the equivalent age in days from the given age in years we have,
D=Y(365.25)
WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’D’’ is the number of age in days;
“365.25” is the average number of days in a year

EXTENSIONS:

A. Age in Weeks
Age in Years Age in Weeks
5 260.71
10 521.42
15 782.13
20 1,042.84

Observation: The average weeks in a year is 52.142.

Age in Years Age in Weeks
5 260.71 5×52.142
10 521.42 10×52.142
15 782.13 15×52.142
20 1,042.84 20×52.142

MAKING CONJECTURES:
Based on the table above, it suggests that if we let ‘’W’’ as the number of age
in weeks and ‘’Y’’ as the number of age in years, we obtain number of age in
weeks (W) is equal to (Y) times the average weeks in a year. In symbols we
have; W=Y(52.142)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’W’ is the number of age in weeks;
“52.142” the average number of weeks in a year
TESTING CONJECTURES:
 Consider the age in years is 67, find the equivalent age in weeks.
W=Y(52.142)
W= 67(52.142)
W= 3,493.514
 Consider the age in weeks is 4,640.638, find the equivalent age in years.
W=Y(52.142)
4,640.638=Y(52.142)
4,640.638 Y(52.142)
=
52.142 52.142
89=Y

Therefore, conjecture A is reliable.

B. Age in Months
Age in Years Age in Months
5 60
10 120
15 180
20 240

Observation: The average weeks in a year is 12.

Age in Years Age in Months
5 60 5×12
10 120 10×12
15 180 15×12
20 240 20×12

MAKING CONJECTURES:
Based on the table above, it suggests that if we let ‘’M’’ as the number of age
in months and ‘’Y’’ as the number of age in years, we obtain number of age
in months (M) is equal to (Y) times the average months in a year. In
symbols we have; M=Y(12)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’M’ is the number of age in months;
“12” the average number of months in a year
TESTING CONJECTURES:
 Consider the age in years is 67, find the equivalent age in months.
M=Y(12)
M= 67(12)
M= 804
 Consider the age in months is 1,068, find the equivalent age in years.
M=Y(12)
1,068=Y(12)
1,068 Y(12)
=
12 12
89=Y

Therefore, conjecture B is reliable.

C. Age in Hours
Age in Years Age in Hours
5 43 830
10 87 660
15 131 490
20 175 320

Observation: The average weeks in a year is 8766.

Age in Years Age in Hours
5 43 830 5×8766
10 87 660 10×8766
15 131 490 15×8766
20 175 320 20×8766

MAKING CONJECTURES:
Based on the table above, it suggests that if we let ‘’H’’ as the number of age
in hours and ‘’Y’’ as the number of age in years, we obtain number of age in
hours (H) is equal to (Y) times the average hours in a year. In symbols we
have; H=Y(8766)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’H” is the number of age in hours;
“8766” the average number of hours in a year
TESTING CONJECTURES:
 Consider the age in years is 67, find the equivalent age in hours.
H=Y(8766)
M= 67(8766)
M= 587 322
 Consider the age in hours is 780 174, find the equivalent age in years.
H=Y(8766)
780 174=Y(8766)
780 174 Y(8766)
=
8766 8766
89=Y

Therefore, conjecture C is reliable.

D. Age in Minutes
Age in Years Age in Minutes
5 2 629 800
10 5 259 600
15 7 889 400
20 10 519 200

Observation: The average minutes in a year is 525 960.

Age in Years Age in Minutes
5 2 629 800 5×525 960
10 5 259 600 10×525 960
15 7 889 400 15×525 960
20 10 519 200 20×525 960

MAKING CONJECTURES:
Based on the table above, it suggests that if we let ‘’T’’ as the number of age
in minutes and ‘’Y’’ as the number of age in years, we obtain number of age
in minutes (T) is equal to (Y) times the average minutes in a year. In
symbols we have; T=Y(525 960)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’T” is the number of age in minutes;
“525 960” the average number of minutes in a year
TESTING CONJECTURES:
 Consider the age in years is 67, find the equivalent age in hours.
T=Y(525 960)
T= 67(525 960)
M=35 239 320
 Consider the age in hours is 46 810 440, find the equivalent age in years.
T=Y(525 960)
46 810 440=Y(525 960)
46 810 440 Y(525 960)
525 960
= 525 960
89=Y

Therefore, conjecture D is reliable.

E. Age in Seconds
Age in Years Age in Seconds
5 157 896 000
10 315 792 000
15 473 688 000
20 631 584 000

Observation: The average minutes in a year is 525 960.

Age in Years Age in Seconds
5 157 896 000 5×31 579 200
10 315 792 000 10×31 579 200
15 473 688 000 15×31 579 200
20 631 584 000 20×31 579 200

MAKING CONJECTURES:
Based on the table above, it suggests that if we let ‘’S’’ as the number of age
in seconds and ‘’Y’’ as the number of age in years, we obtain number of age
in seconds (S) is equal to (Y) times the average seconds in a year. In
symbols we have; S=Y(31 579 200)
WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’S” is the number of age in seconds;
“31 579 200” the average number of minutes in a year
TESTING CONJECTURES:
 Consider the age in years is 67, find the equivalent age in hours.
S=Y(31 579 200)
S= 67(31 579 200)
M=2 115 806 400
 Consider the age in seconds is 2 810 548 800, find the equivalent age in
years.
S=Y(31 579 200)
2 810 548 800=Y(525 960)
2 810 548 800 Y(31 579 200)
=
31 579 200 31 579 200
89=Y

Therefore, conjecture E is reliable.

SUMMARIZATION (EXTENSIONS)

 To get the age in weeks we have;

W=Y(52.142)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’W’ is the number of age in weeks;
“52.142” the average number of weeks in a year

 To get the age in months we have;

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’M’ is the number of age in months;
“12” the average number of months in a year

 To get the age in hours we have;

H=Y(8766)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’H” is the number of age in hours;
“8766” the average number of hours in a year
 To get the age in minutes we have;
T=Y(525 960)
WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’T” is the number of age in minutes;
“525 960” the average number of minutes in a year

 To get the age in seconds we have;

S=Y(31 579 200)

WHERE:
‘’Y’’ is the number of age in years;
‘’S” is the number of age in seconds;
“31 579 200” the average number of minutes in a year

There are lots practical applications why we need to calculate the age
in months, weeks, hours, minutes and even in seconds. The main purpose is
for medical assessment. To rather identify the rule out growth and
development.

As a mother of a special child, it is very important to calculate the age

in months, weeks, hours, minutes and even seconds because in that way I
was able to notice my late son’s poor development. I was able to diagnose
that there’s something wrong with my son even before we consulted a
physician. It is also important to know the age of a deceased and for
insurance application.

In general, computing for the age in months, weeks, hours, minutes

and seconds has many practical applications but mainly for medical
purposes.
 APPLE PIE
Sharing or eating an apple pie with family or friends is fun. Investigate how
many slices with one intersection and how many people will be given slices
using apple pie.

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Consider the number of people who will be sharing the apple pie.
 How do you know the number of people needed?
Consider the slice of the apple pie with the number of people.
 Is the number of slice and the number of people are the same?
Consider the number of piece of an apple pie can be made if you have a
particular number of slices?
 How many piece of apple pie can be made with 1 slice?
 How many piece of apple pie can be made with 4 slices?
 How many piece of apple pie can be made with various numbers of
slices?
 For a particular number of slices, can you predict the possible number
of piece of apple pie and the percentage of apple pie that the people
will get?

INVESTIGATE.
I. PRELIMINARY SKIRMISHING
II. GESTATING
III. EXPLORING SYSTEMATICALLY

2 pieces 4 pieces

2 pieces 4 pieces

6 pieces 8 pieces

Number of Number of Number of Percent of

Slices Pieces People Pieces
1 2 2 50%

2 4 4 25%

3 6 6 16.67%

4 8 8 12.5%
IV. MAKING CONJECTURES

 For determining the number of pieces of apple pie.

Number of Slices Number of Pieces
1 2(1)=2
2 2(2)=4
3 2(3)=6
4 2(4)=8

Based on the table above, we let S as the number of slices and P is the
number of pieces. Hence, the number of pieces (P) is equal to two times the
number of slices (S). In symbols:
2(S) = P
Where:
"S" is the number of slices
"P" is the number of pieces
2 is the common difference of the number of pieces

 For determining the percent of pieces of the apple pie that the
people will receive.
Number of People Percent of Pieces
2 100%÷2=50%
4 100%÷4=25%
6 100%÷6=16.67%
8 100%÷8=12.5%

Based on the table above, we let p as the number of people and P is the
percent of pieces. Hence, the percent of pieces (P) is equal to 100% divided
by the number of people (p). Since, the number of people (p) is the same as
the number of pieces (P). In symbols:
100% ÷ p = P
Where:
"p" is the number of people
"P" is the percent of pieces
100% is consider as the whole of an apple pie.
V. TESTING THE CONJECTURES

Given five (5) slices of apple pie.

2(S) = P
2(5) = P
10 = P

Conjecture A has been tested and supported, therefore it

is true.
 There are ten (10) pieces of apple pie with five (5) slices.

100% ÷ p = P
100% ÷ 10 = P
10% = P

 There are 10% of the piece of apple pie that the ten (10) people will be
able to eat.

Conjecture B has been tested and supported, therefore it

is true.
VI. EXPLAINING AND JUSTIFYING

Testing our conjecture is not enough, we need to explain and justify our
conjecture to convince everyone that it is true.

For example, we have eight (8) slices of apple pie.

For the number of pieces of cake:

2(S) = P
2(8) = P
16 = P

For the percent or amount of of pieces of cake:

100% ÷ p = P
100% ÷ 16 = P
6.25% = P

 By using an illustration and the conjecture, we can assure that it is true.

 The conjecture A and B has been attained is a product of critical
observations and examinations to the recorded data as well as
engaging the trial and error method. Thus, there is no need to justify it.
VII. REORGANIZING

VIII. ELABORATING

As the investigation goes on, some questions arise and have been
recorded and considering for further observation and elaboration.
 How many small pieces of apple pie with a half slices?

Number of half slices Number of small pieces

1 0
2 1
3 2
4 3
5 4
6 5

Conjecture:
SP = HS(1) - 1

Where:
"SP" is the number of small pieces
"HS" is the number of half slices
Note: It is only applicable with the illustration that shown above.
IX. SUMMARIZING

 An apple pie is a rare and special dessert. It is served only during

special occasion.
 The number of pieces (P) is equal to two times the number of slices
(S). In symbols:
2(S) = P
 The percent of pieces (P) is equal to 100% divided by the number of
people (p). Since, the number of people (p) is the same as the number
of pieces (P). In symbols:
100% ÷ p= P
 Based on the investigation, there many people will sharing an apple pie
if it has many slices. Therefore, the more people sharing an apple pie,
the less of amount or percent of apple pie they will gonna eat.
 DIAPER TO BE USED
According to research, it is recommended by experts to change baby
diapers every 4-6 hours a day, regardless of how often a baby urinate or
poop.

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
 Consider the number of hours that a baby should change diapers.
 How often should a baby change his/her diaper in a day?
 How many diapers can a baby need in a month?
 Consider the number of diapers a baby can use in a month.
 How much will each diapers cost?
 How much money should be budgeted for diapers in a month?

INVESTIGATE.

I. PRELIMINARY STRUGGLE/SKIRMISHING

As a mother, it is very important to know how to budget resources

properly. Diaper as one of the expenses where the money proceeds, it is
also quiet important to know how many diapers can a baby use for a period
of time. Given every change there should be a 30-60 minutes of air time to
let the skin dry on its own and avoid diaper rash.

THE HOURS IN A DAY

(that a baby needs to change diaper)
1AM-6AM 1ST DIAPER
7AM-12PM 2ND DIAPER
1PM-6PM 3RD DIAPER
7PM-12AM 4TH DIAPER
II. GESTATING
III. EXPLORING SYSTEMATICALLY

THE HOURS IN A Diapers to be used Cost of each diaper

DAY (average)
(that a baby needs to
change diaper)
1AM-6AM 1ST DIAPER Php10
7AM-12PM 2ND DIAPER Php10
1PM-6PM 3RD DIAPER Php10
7PM-12AM 4TH DIAPER Php10

OBSERVATION:
The baby need to change diapers 4 times a day.

IV. MAKING CONJECTURES

 For determining the number of diapers to be used in a month.
Number of months (average days in Diapers to be Diapers to be
a month is 30.5) used (every used (every
day) month)
1 4 30.5 (1) × 4 = 122

2 4 30.5 (2) × 4 =244

3 4 30.5 (3) × 4 = 366

Based on the table above, we let “D” as the average days in a month, “d” as
the number of diapers to be used every day, “n” as the number of months
and “M” as the diapers to be used every month. Hence, the number of
diapers to be used every month “M” is equal to the average days in a month
“D” times the number of months “n” times the number of diapers to be used
every day “d”. In symbols;
M=Dnd
WHERE:
“D” as the average days in a month;
“d” as the number of diapers to be used every day;
“n” as the number of months; and
“M” as the diapers to be used every month
 For determining the total cost of diapers to be used in a month.
Number of months Cost of diapers to Cost of diapers to be
(average days in a month be used (every used (every month)
is 30.5) day)
1 40 30.5 (1) × 40 = 1 220

2 40 30.5 (2) × 40 =2 440

3 40 30.5 (3) × 40 = 3 660

Based on the table above, we let “D” as the average days in a month, “c” as
the cost of diapers to be used every day, “n” as the number of months, and
“M” as the cost of diapers to be used every month. Hence, the cost of
diapers to be used in a month “M” is equal to the average days in a month “D”
times the cost of diapers to be used every day “c”. In symbols;
M=Dnc
WHERE:
“D” as the average days in a month;
“c” as the cost of diapers to be used every day;
“n” as the number of months; and
“M” as the cost of diapers to be used every month

V. TESTING CONJECTURES

Let’s try the conjectures with some example problems.

 In 5 months, how many diapers can a baby use?

M=Dnd
M = 30.5(5)×4
M =152.5(4)
M = 610

 How much will the diapers cost in five months?

M=Dnc
M=30.5(5)×40
M=152.5(40)
M=6100
 VI. EXPLAINING AND JUSTIFYING

In making an investigation, you have to consider steps in order to come up

with an organized and meaningful outcome or result.

Same as, in making or getting a conjecture.

Let’s try another situation.

 Consider the number of diapers to be used is 1 464 pieces, how long can
these diapers last?
M=Dnd
1 464=30.5(n)×4
1 464 122�
=
122 122
12=n

 How much does 12 months of diapers cost?

M=Dnc
M=30.5(12)×40
M=366(40)
M= 14 640

Therefore the conjectures A and B are valid.

VII. REORGANIZING

Number of Diapers to Diapers to be used Cost of Cost of diapers to be

months (average be used (every month) diapers to used (every month)
days in a month (every day) be used
is 30.5) (every
day)
1 4 30.5 (1) × 4 = 122 40 30.5 (1) × 40 = 1 220

2 4 30.5 (2) × 4 =244 40 30.5 (2) × 40 =2 440

3 4 30.5 (3) × 4 = 366 40 30.5 (3) × 40 = 3 660

VIII. ELABORATING
As the investigation goes on, some questions arise and have been
recorded and considering for further observation and elaboration.
 Is the cost of diaper really 10 pesos?
To answer the question, it really depends on the store where you are
going to buy diapers. It also depends on the brand of the diaper. There are
lots of brands that are cheaper. I will not mention the diaper I am using for my
baby as this investigation is not sponsored.

IX. SUMMARIZING

 Diapers are one of baby’s essential needs. It is one of mother’s top

priority when it comes to budgeting.
 The number of diapers to be used every month “M” is equal to the
average days in a month “D” times the number of months “n” times the
number of diapers to be used every day “d”. In symbols;

M=Dnd

 The cost of diapers to be used in a month “M” is equal to the average

days in a month “D” times the cost of diapers to be used every day “c”.
In symbols;
M=Dnc

 Based on the investigation, the cost of diapers will depend on the

brand and the store where you are going to buy.
 POWERS OF A NUMBER
A number is an arithmetic value used for representing the
quantity and used in making calculations. A written symbol like “3” which
represents a number is known as numerals. In mathematics, a power of a
number is the result of multiplying that number by itself a certain number of
times.

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
 Consider a certain number.
1. How do you solve for the equivalent of powers?
2. Is getting the equivalent accurate?

INVESTIGATE.

I. PRELIMINARY STRUGGLE/SKIRMISHING
Investigating powers of a number can be an interesting and
challenging topic in mathematics. Before we begin, let’s clarify what we are
investigating. Our directions for investigating powers of a number is to
investigate the patterns in the powers of a number.

Example: Powers of 9
Number of powers Equivalent
1 9
2 81
3 729
4 6561
5 59049
II. GESTATING
III. EXPLORING SYSTEMATICALLY

POWERS OF 9:
Number Number of Equivalent
powers
9 1 9 9
9 2 9×9 81
9 3 9×9×9 729
9 4 9×9×9×9 6561
9 5 9×9×9×9×9 59049

OBSERVATION: The number is multiplied by itself according to the power

raised.

IV. MAKING CONJECTURES

POWERS OF 9:
Number (x) Number of Equivalent (N)
powers (p)
9 1 9 9
9 2 9×9 81
9 3 9×9×9 729
9 4 9×9×9×9 6561
9 5 9×9×9×9×9 59049

Based on the table above, we let “x” as the number to which we obtain a
power, “p” as the number of powers, and “N” as the equivalent. Hence, the
equivalent “N” is equal to the number to which we obtain a power “x” raise to
the number of powers “p”. In symbols we have;
� = ��
Where:
“x” as the number to which we obtain a power;
“p” as the number of powers; and
“N” as the equivalent.
V. TESTING CONJECTURES

 A number 8 is raise to a power of 10.

� = ��
� = ���
� = �×8×8×8×8×8×8×8×8×8
� = � ��� ��� ���
 A number 5 raise to a power of 2.
� = ��
� = ��
� = �×5
� = ��

VI. EXPLAINING AND JUSTIFYING

In making an investigation, you have to consider steps in order to come up

with an organized and meaningful outcome or result.

Same as, in making or getting a conjecture.

Let’s try another situation.

 A number 9 is raise to a power of 6.
� = ��
� = ��
� =9×9×9×9×9×9
� = 531 441
 A number 2 raise to a power of 3.
� = ��
� = ��
� = � × 2× 2
�= �

Therefore, the conjecture is true and valid.

VII. REORGANIZING

Number (x) Number of CONJECTURE Equivalent (N)

powers (p)
9 1 91 9
9 2 92 81
9 3 93 729
9 4 94 6561
9 5 95 59049

VIII. ELABORATING
As we go along on our investigation, some questions arise that are possible
for consideration.
 How can powers of a number be used to solve equations or analyze data?
 How can they be used in statistical analysis, or in the calculation of
electrical currents?

Answer:
 Power analysis is directly related to tests of hypotheses. While
conducting tests of hypotheses, the researcher can commit two types of
errors: Type I error and Type II error. Statistical power mainly deals with
Type II errors.

IX. SUMMARIZING
 A power of a number is the result of multiplying that number by itself a
certain number of times.
 Based on our investigation, the equivalent “N” is equal to the number to
which we obtain a power “x” raise to the number of powers “p”. In
symbols we have;
� = ��