App D1 - Shaheen Winter Terrestrial Ecology Survey

Mubadala & DUBAL
Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery

Winter Terrestrial Ecology Baseline Survey
May 2013
This report: has been prepared by GHD for Mubadala and Dubal and may only be used and relied on by
Mubadala and Dubal for the purpose agreed between GHD and the Mubadala and Dubal as set out in
section 2.1 of this report.
GHD otherwise disclaims responsibility to any person other than Mubadala and Dubal arising in connection
with this report. GHD also excludes implied warranties and conditions, to the extent legally permissible.
The services undertaken by GHD in connection with preparing this report were limited to those specifically
detailed in the report and are subject to the scope limitations set out in the report.
The opinions, conclusions and any recommendations in this report are based on conditions encountered
and information reviewed at the date of preparation of the report. GHD has no responsibility or obligation
to update this report to account for events or changes occurring subsequent to the date that the report was
prepared.
The opinions, conclusions and any recommendations in this report are based on assumptions made by
GHD described in this report (refer section 2.5 of this report). GHD disclaims liability arising from any of
the assumptions being incorrect.
GHD | Report for Mubadala and Dubal - Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery, 76/10430 | i
Executive summary
Mubadala and Dubal propose the development of the Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery at
Khalifa Industrial Zone, Abu Dhabi (KIZAD). The proposed development will focus on two
separate sites, the refinery site within KIZAD and the Bauxite Residue Storage Area (BRSA),
located approximately 30 kilometres to the south east. GHD conducted a Winter Terrestrial
Ecology Survey (WTES) with a view to characterising the physical and biological conditions at
each site during the winter season. This report presents the methodology and findings of the
surveys undertaken during March and April 2013 and proposes actions on the basis of these
findings.
Coverage of the sites was achieved through the use of driven and walked transects with survey
quadrats approximately 10 metres x 10 metres. Given that the refinery site has undergone site
preparation works relatively recently a single site drive over was considered sufficient to
characterise conditions at the site. The WTES included both daytime and nocturnal surveys as
well as small mammal and camera trapping.
The main habitat types identified were classified according to the “Interpretation Manual of the
Major Terrestrial Natural and Semi-Natural Habitat Types of Abu Dhabi Emirate” (Brown & Böer,
2004). The presence of fauna was identified primarily by visual sightings and identifiable signs
such as tracks, burrows, bird calls and droppings. The results provide a factual baseline
snapshot of the flora and fauna present during the ecological survey period. This report is
subject to, and must be read in conjunction with, the limitations set out in section 2.5 and the
assumptions and qualifications contained throughout the Report.
The WTES identified a total of three habitats, six plant, and 14 bird species at the refinery site.
The dominant habitat was alluvial plain devoid of vegetation. The absence of vegetation is
largely attributed to site preparation works undertaken on the plot prior to the WTES. Flora
recorded throughout the survey site comprised of common species that show signs of having
been affected by ongoing construction activities. All species of flora and fauna recorded are
considered common in the UAE and of limited regional or international conservation value.
The WTES of the proposed BRSA site identified a total of four habitats, seven plant, five
mammal, seven bird and four reptile species. The site is characterised by low relief sand dunes
interspersed with gravel plains, sabkha matti and lithified sand dunes. Areas within the sites
boundaries showed signs of disturbance as a result of anthropogenic activity and grazing by
livestock. Floral diversity was low, average vegetation coverage estimated at 2-5%. All species
of flora recorded are considered common in the UAE and of no conservation value.
Given the size of the site, diversity of recorded fauna was relatively high. A total of five mammal
species, seven bird species and four reptile species were recorded. The presence of Mountain
Gazelle and Spiny-tail Lizards are notable as both species are considered to be of UAE and
international conservation importance. The remaining species are considered common
throughout the UAE and subsequently listed as species of Least Concern.
The Mountain Gazelle is classified by the IUCN Red List as Vulnerable and listed as
Endangered on the Abu Dhabi Red List (ERWDA 2005). The presence of a Spiny-tailed Lizard
population of the size indicated during the WTES in a relatively small area is particularly
noteworthy. A total of 21 individuals were recorded, the majority within the lithified sand dune
habitat in the northwest corner of the survey site. Spiny Tailed Lizard are protected in the UAE
by Law No. 9, 1983 and also as an Annex II species on the Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) list. Furthermore, the lizards are listed
as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
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A detailed assessment of the site is recommended with a view to identifying the location of all
active Spiny-tail Lizard burrows and ascertaining the size of the Mountain Gazelle population at
the site. Following this a Relocation Method Statement (RMS) for Spiny-tail Lizards should be
prepared prior to any earthworks taking place. The RMS should highlight a suitable receptor
site for any relocated species. The RMS shall be submitted to the EAD for approval prior to any
relocation works taking place.
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Table of contents
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1
2. Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 3
2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Survey Coverage............................................................................................................. 3
2.3 Habitats and Flora ........................................................................................................... 3
2.4 Fauna.............................................................................................................................. 3
2.5 Survey Limitations ........................................................................................................... 4
3. Baseline Findings: Refinery Site ................................................................................................ 5
3.1 Habitats........................................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Flora ............................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 Fauna.............................................................................................................................. 8
4. Baseline Findings: Bauxite Residue Storage Area ................................................................... 10
4.1 Habitats......................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 Flora ............................................................................................................................. 13
4.3 Fauna............................................................................................................................ 15
5. Conclusions and Recommendations........................................................................................ 19

5.1 Alumina Refinery Site .................................................................................................... 19
5.2 Bauxite Residue Storage Area....................................................................................... 19
6. References ............................................................................................................................. 21
Table index
Table 3-1 Species of flora recorded ................................................................................................. 7
Table 3-2 Bird species recorded ...................................................................................................... 8
Table 4-1 Species of flora recorded ............................................................................................... 13
Table 4-2 Mammal species recorded ............................................................................................. 15

Table 4-3 Bird species recorded .................................................................................................... 17
Table 4-4 Reptile species recorded ............................................................................................... 17
Figure index
Figure 1-1 Location Map of the Proposed Project Sites..................................................................... 2
Figure 3-1 Sand sheets and dunes with Heliotropium bacciferum and Zygophyllum
qatarense within Coastal Plain on Sandy Ground habitat ................................................. 6
Figure 3-2 Alluvial plain devoid of vegetation .................................................................................... 7
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Figure 4-1 Sabkha Matti ................................................................................................................ 11
Figure 4-2 Sand sheets and dunes with Haloxylon salicornicum .................................................... 12
Figure 4-3 Alluvial Plains devoid of vegetation ............................................................................... 12

Figure 4-4 Lithified sand dune with Spiny-tail Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia)..................................... 13
Figure 4-5 Abandoned camel camp with stand of planted trees ..................................................... 15
Figure 4-6 Red Fox captured via camera trap ................................................................................ 16
Figure 4-7 Egyptian Spiny-tailed Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia) ....................................................... 18
Figure 4-8 Dune Sand Gecko (Stenodactylus doriae) .................................................................... 18
Appendices
Appendix A – Site Location Plan
Appendix B – Track Logs and Survey Waypoints
Appendix C – Refinery Site Habitat Map

Appendix D – Refinery Site Target Notes
Appendix E – BRSA Site Habitat Map
Appendix F – BRSA Site Target Notes
GHD | Report for Mubadala and Dubal - Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery, 76/10430 | v
1. Introduction
Project Shaheen involves the development of an Alumina Refinery at an industrial plot in Khalifa
Industrial Zone Abu Dhabi (KIZAD), UAE.
The proposed project consists of the following two major facilities:
Alumina refinery plant; and
Bauxite residue storage area (BRSA).
The proposed Refinery site (Site A) is in Area A of Khalifa Industrial Zone Abu Dhabi (KIZAD)
located in the Al Taweelah area of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE. The proposed location of the
BRSA site (Site B) is approximately 30 kilometres south east of the proposed refinery site in
KIZAD Area B (see Figure 1-1 and Appendix A).
The development of Project Shaheen aims to meet the following objectives:
To underpin long term alumina supply for the UAE smelter industry, particularly the EMAL
smelter located at KIZAD Area A;
To reduce reliance on third party for the alumina supply and to mitigate the risk of volatile
alumina prices in the future;
To maximise synergistic opportunities from the existing smelting infrastructure and
operations of EMAL; and
To minimise local logistic costs and the environmental footprint associated with the
transport of alumina.
GHD Global Pty Ltd (GHD) has been commissioned by Mubadala and Dubal to undertake a
Social and Environmental Impact Assessment (SEIA) of the proposed development. As an
industrial facility, Project Shaheen is subject to the permitting requirements and procedures
specified in the Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi (EAD) Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
for Permitting of Industrial, Commercial and Light Industrial Projects in Abu Dhabi (April 2010)
(EAD, 2011). GHD submitted an updated Terms of Reference (TOR) report (GHD, 2013) to the
EAD on the 18th of April 2013 detailing the scope and methodology of the environmental
baseline surveys.
As per the scope detailed in the TOR, GHD will undertake two terrestrial ecology surveys, with a
view to capturing seasonal variations at the two sites:
Winter Terrestrial Ecology Survey (WTES): to be performed in winter (any time between
November and May); and
Summer Terrestrial Ecology Survey (STES): to be performed in summer (any time
between May and October).
This report presents the methodology and findings of the winter survey, undertaken by GHD in
March and April 2013.
GHD | Report for Mubadala and Dubal - Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery, 76/10430 | 1
Refinery
BRSA
Figure 1-1 Location Map of the Proposed Project Sites
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2. Methodology
2.1 Introduction
GHD conducted an initial assessment of both the proposed refinery and BRSA sites by vehicle
and on foot on the 26th March. A more detailed daytime and nocturnal survey of the proposed
BRSA site was conducted on the 23rd April 2013.
The primary aim of the surveys was to provide an indication of ecological conditions at both
locations with a view to informing the SEIA process. The survey methodology utilised was in
accordance with the scope detailed in the TOR submitted by GHD to the EAD.
2.2 Survey Coverage

Coverage of the site was achieved through the use of driven and walked transects with survey
quadrats approximately 10 metres x 10 metres. Given that the Refinery site has undergone
grading, it is relatively flat across the site. Subsequently transects were driven across the site
with views of up to 300 metres possible.
Similarly, the proposed BRSA site was predominantly surveyed using driven transects on
existing tracks where views of up to 200 metres were possible. Track logs of all transects and
routes driven during the survey are provided in Appendix B.
A total of 94 quadrats (Q) were surveyed to obtain detailed information on the terrestrial ecology
within the site boundaries. All waypoints (WP) and tracks were logged using a Garmin GPS and
are provided in Appendix B.
No nocturnal surveys or trapping was carried out at the Refinery Site given its highly disturbed
nature and the absence of evidence for mammal activity recorded during the initial site
assessment.
Nocturnal surveys and trapping within the Bauxite Residue Storage Area were carried out on
the evening of the 23rd of April 2013. A total of nine Sherman small mammal traps and a
Bushnell camera trap were set in locations identified during daytime coverage of the site.
Locations of trapping are provided in Figure 2.3, Appendix B.
2.3 Habitats and Flora

The main habitat types identified were classified according to the “Interpretation Manual of the
Major Terrestrial Natural and Semi-Natural Habitat Types of Abu Dhabi Emirate” (Brown and
Böer, 2004).
Plant species within the site boundaries were identified through the use of driven transects and
quadrats. Species were identified and photographic records taken with dominant and co-
dominant species. Species of conservation significance/value were also recorded.
Where habitats not listed under Brown and Boer were recorded, an additional category has
been developed following the Brown and Boer methodology and incorporated in to the findings.
2.4 Fauna
2.4.1 Mammals
Mammals within the site boundaries were recorded primarily by visual sightings and identifiable
signs such as tracks, burrows and droppings.
2.4.2 Birds
The presence of bird species at the sites were recorded based on visual observation and
through identification of birdcalls during the habitat and flora surveys. Sites identified as
providing suitable habitats for birds were targeted at appropriate times of the day when bird
activity is at its peak, namely early morning and late afternoon. Particular care was taken in the
event that signs of breeding were observed and measures taken not to disturb breeding pairs.
Signs include observation of nesting sites, breeding pairs and/or breeding displays and territorial
flights.
2.4.3 Reptiles
Reptiles were surveyed during the day and at night by driving and walking over areas
representative of the main habitats of the site. An effort was made to search under discarded
plywood sheets and other man-made debris as well as under more natural shelters, such as
dead vegetative material. Spotlight surveys were used to identify nocturnal species such as
geckos and snakes.
2.4.4 Invertebrates
Incidental sightings of invertebrates were recorded during the day and night surveys.
2.5 Survey Limitations

The Winter Terrestrial Ecology Survey (WTES) provides a snapshot of the ecological conditions
of the site at the time of survey. However, the survey is unlikely to provide a comprehensive
picture of the annual flora or migratory bird species that are supported by the site throughout the
entire winter season. Given that both sites are characterised by anthropogenic disturbance to
varying degrees, the site were not expected to support significant numbers of annual flora or
migratory bird species. The summer survey to be undertaken in June 2013 will provide further
information regarding the reptile composition of the site.
3. Baseline Findings: Refinery Site
As discussed previously, the results provide a baseline snapshot of the flora and fauna present
at the Refinery Site. The majority of the site has undergone site preparation works readying it for
development. It is believed that the site was infilled, compacted and graded prior to the survey.
The site also contains areas “in use” with portions of the site fenced off and used to stockpile
construction materials. As a consequence, the site Refinery Site survey only covered areas
where access was not restricted.
3.1 Habitats
The site lies within Geomorphological Region VI: The Gulf Coast, described by Brown and Boer,
2004. The habitats throughout the Gulf Coast are predominantly coastal sheets and dunes with
occasional sabkha matti. Vegetative coverage is usually relatively dense, with halophytic
species common.
The dominant habitat within the Refinery Site is Alluvial Plain with no vegetation (Appendix C).
The edges of the site consist of small sand sheets supporting perennials. All habitats are
subject to high levels of disturbance, with active construction, buildings, stockpiles, dumped
materials, fencing, and cleared areas recorded throughout the site. The following three habitats
were identified throughout the survey:
Non-vegetated, exposed sandy beaches;

Coastal Plains on Sandy Ground; and
Alluvial Plains with no vegetation.
The distribution of these habitats across the sites is presented in the habitat map provided in
Appendix C.
Non-vegetated, exposed sandy beaches
A narrow strip along the adjacent beachfront comprised of exposed sandy beach habitat. This
habitat supported no terrestrial vegetation. A variety of bird species, mostly waders, were
recorded (see WP 10, Appendix D). No mammal or reptile signs were recorded.
Coastal Plains on Sandy Ground.

Sand sheets with Zygophyllum qatarense at the Refinery Site were restricted to the edges of the
disturbed Alluvial Plains. Due to the disturbed nature of the majority of the Refinery Site, all
species of flora were recorded throughout the Coastal Plain on Sandy Ground habitat (see WP
7 and 8, Appendix D).
The dominant species recorded throughout the Coastal Plain on Sandy Ground habitat was the
halophytic shrub Heliotropium bacciferum. Commonly these were interspersed with
Zygophyllum qatarense (Figure 3-1).
Figure 3-1 Sand sheets and dunes with Heliotropium bacciferum and
Zygophyllum qatarense within Coastal Plain on Sandy Ground
habitat
Alluvial Plains with No Vegetation

Alluvial limestone plain habitat with no vegetation was the dominant habitat type within the
Refinery Site. Alluvial plains consist of open, flat plains of gravel comprised of limestone rocks
no larger than one centimetre in diameter. Due to the close proximity to the coast, the habitat
has a high saline content that can limit vegetative cover (Figure 3-2). Although alluvial plains are
known to support a variety of flora in the UAE, previous site preparation and construction activity
appears to have removed vegetation within the Refinery Site (WP 4,5,6; Appendix D). Common
resident bird species were observed, but no mammal or reptile signs were recorded (WP 5;
Appendix D).
Figure 3-2 Alluvial plain devoid of vegetation
3.2 Flora
A total of six plant species from five different families of flora were identified during the WTES.
All recorded flora occurred within the sand sheet habitat, with alluvial plains and exposed sandy
beaches lacking vegetation. The vegetation comprised of rushes, grasses, and perennial
shrubs, with no annuals or tree species recorded within the Refinery Site. Table 3-1 provides a
summary of flora species recorded during the site visit whilst Appendix D provides a breakdown
of plant species identified in each quadrat surveyed.
Table 3-1 Species of flora recorded
Family Species Recorded Annual/Perennial (A/P)

Cyperaceae Cyperus conglomeratus P
Phragmites australis P
Poaceae
Sporobolous ioclados P
Boraginaceae Heliotropium bacciferum P
Chenopodiaceae Suaeda vermiculata P
Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllum qatarense P
3.2.1 Rush and Grasses
The rush species Cyperus conglomeratus was recorded at one location (see WP7, Appendix D).
Cyperus conglomeratus is considered common throughout the UAE and commonly recorded
throughout the majority of habitat types in the Abu Dhabi Emirate.
In addition, two species of grass were recorded during the survey. Both Sporobolous ioclados
and Phragmites australis were recorded within the sites boundaries at WP7 and 8 (Appendix D).
Both species are common throughout the Abu Dhabi Emirate and often associated with moist
ground.
3.2.2 Shrubs
The dominant shrub identified during the survey was Heliotropium bacciferum, Suaeda
vermiculata and Zygophyllum qatarense were also recorded. All species of shrub are perennial
and are common throughout most habitats types in the Abu Dhabi Emirate (WP 7, Appendix D).
3.3 Fauna
The WTES identified fourteen bird species. No mammal or reptile sightings or signs were
recorded.
3.3.1 Birds
A total of fourteen bird species were identified across the survey site. The majority of bird
activity was recorded in association with the sand sheet habitat, although five bird species were
recorded on the exposed sandy beach. Some incidental recordings occurred in the alluvial
plains habitat.
Table 3-2 sumarises the status of the birds recorded on the site in accordance with the
Ornithological Society of the Middle East (2010) and BirdLife International (2013).
Table 3-2 Bird species recorded
Common Name Latin Name OSME Status Birdlife

International
Little Egret Egretta garzetta Common Migrant and Winter LC
Visitor
Red-wattled Vanellus indicus Very common Breeding Resident LC
Lapwing
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola Common to very common Migrant LC
and Winter Visitor
Kentish Plover Charadrius Common Breeding Resident, LC
alexandrinus Passage Migrant and Winter
Visitor.
Lesser Sand Charadrius mongolus Common Passage Migrant and LC
Plover Winter Visitor
Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia Common Passage Migrant and LC
Winter Visitor
Feral Pigeon Columba livia Very Common LC
Collared Dove Streptopelia Abundant Resident LC
decaocto
Laughing Dove Spilopelia Abundant Resident LC
senegalensis
Turkestan Shrike Lanius Common Migrant N/A
phoenicuroides
Crested Lark Galerida cristata Common to Abundant Breeding LC
Resident
Isabelline Oenanthe isabellina Very Common Migrant and Winter LC
Wheatear Visitor
Northern Oenanthe oenanthe Common Migrant LC
Wheatear
House Sparrow Passer domesticus Abundant Breeding Resident LC
The bird species recorded are mostly listed as “Least Concern” by BirdLife International. The
majority of birds recorded are resident breeding species including Red-wattled Lapwing
(Vanellus indicus), Feral Pigeon (Columba livia), Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis),
Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto), Crested Lark (Galerida cristata) and House
Sparrow (Passer domesticus).
These species tend to colonize habitats affected by human activity and are very common
regionally. The global population of all these species is robust, with populations increasing due
to an increase in urban development and agricultural areas. These species often out-compete
other native species that are more vulnerable to disturbance (Arkive 2013). The availability of
water is one of the only distribution constraints, which is why disturbed habitat, especially
watered agricultural and farming areas, tend to be inundated with such species (Aspinall, 2010).
Shore and seabirds including the Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), Grey Plover (Pluvialis
squatarola), Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), Lesser Sand Plover (Charadrius
mongolus) and the Caspian Tern (Hydroprogne caspia) were recorded along the shoreline of
the sandy beach (WP 10; Appendix D). All are considered common passage migrants and/or
winter visitors.
4. Baseline Findings: Bauxite Residue
Storage Area
As discussed previously, the results provide a baseline snapshot of the flora and fauna present
at the BRSA site during March and April 2013. This site is approximately 9 km2 and shows signs
of disturbance as a result of anthropogenic activities including excavation, fencing, off-road
driving and hunting. There is also evidence that large portions of the site having been used as
grazing areas for domestic camels.
4.1 Habitats
The site lies within Geomorphological Region I: Al Khatam Area, described by Brown and Boer
(2004). The habitats throughout the Al Khatam Area are predominantly sand sheets and dunes
with perennial shrubs. Vegetative coverage is sparse and species diversity is often negatively
affected as a result of overgrazing by domesticated livestock species such as camels and goats.
The dominant habitat within the BRSA site is sand dunes with sand sheets and/or alluvial plains.
Lithified sand sheets, a habitat of significant conservation value within the Emirate of Abu Dhabi,
was recorded throughout the northwest portion of the site (Appendix E). The sand dune habitat
showed evidence of disturbance as a result of off-road vehicles. Areas of alluvial plain habitat
showed evidence of having been used in construction activity with areas both excavated and
built up into gravel mounds. Some excavated pits contained brackish groundwater
The following four habitats were identified during the survey:
Sabkha Matti;
Sand sheets and dunes with Haloxylon salicornicum and/or Cornulaca monocantha;
Alluvial plains with no vegetation; and
Escarpments, lithified sand dunes, rocky exposures.

The distribution of these habitats across the BRSA site are summarised in the habitat map
presented in Appendix E.
Sabkha Matti
Sabkha habitat was recorded in medium to large patches in open, flat areas that occurred
between the sand dune formations (Figure 4-1).
Figure 4-1 Sabkha Matti
As a result of the hyper saline soil conditions, only halophytic plant species can survive and are
generally located around the periphery of the habitat. The survey recorded Haloxylon
salicornicum at a single waypoint within the Sabkha habitat (WP 73; Appendix F). No signs of
birds, mammals, or reptiles were recorded throughout the Sabkha habitat.
Sand sheets and dunes with Haloxylon salicornicum and/or Cornulaca monocantha
Sand sheet and dune habitat was located throughout the BRSA site (Appendix E). This habitat
is characterized by rolling sand dunes and/or sheets with the dominant plant species Haloxylon
salicornicum or Cornulaca monocantha. Vegetation cover throughout the habitat was estimated
at approximately 2-5% (Figure 4-2).
The dominant plant species within this habitat was Haloxylon salicornicum, with occasional
stands of Cornulaca monocantha also occurring (WP 26 and WP 33; Appendix F). A stand of
trees comprising of Pheonix dactylifera, Prosopis cineraria and Ziziphus spina-christi were
recorded at an abandoned camel camp and are likely to have been planted to provide shade
(WP 17; Appendix F).
Rodents such as Cheesman’s Gerbil (Gerbilus cheesmani) and Lesser Jerboa (Jaculus jaculus)
are the predominant mammal species associated with this habitat type. In addition, Cape Hare
(Lepus capensis) and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) are common. Mountain Gazelle (Gazella gazella
cora) may also occur in sand sheet habitat.
The substrate is favourable for reptiles including the Arabian Toad-headed Agama
(Phrynocephalus arabicus), geckoes of the Genus Stenodactylus, and snakes such as the Sand
Boa (Eryx jayakari) and Horned Viper (Cerastes gasperettii).
Figure 4-2 Sand sheets and dunes with Haloxylon salicornicum
Alluvial plains with no vegetation
Alluvial plains habitat consists of open, flat plains with limestone gravel no larger than one
centimetre in diameter. In the BRSA site, alluvial plains occur throughout the site, however
large, relatively flat expanses are primarily located to the south (Appendix E). The survey
included four quadrats in large areas of alluvial plains with no vegetation (WPs 25, 26, 35 and
69; Appendix F). No sign of bird, mammal, or reptile activity was recorded in this habitat during
the survey.
Figure 4-3 Alluvial Plains devoid of vegetation
Escarpments, lithified sand dunes, rocky exposures
Lithified sand dunes were recorded in the northwest corner of the survey site (Appendix E).
Lithified sand dunes are areas of compacted sand which are commonly embedded in low dunes
or intersperse sand sheets (). Vegetation within this habitat type on the site comprised of the
shrub Haloxylon salicornicum with the rush Cyperus conglomeratus often present (WP 54, 55,
61, 62; Appendix F).
The hardened sand often forms a crust which allows small, protected overhangs to form. These
formations provide important daytime shelter for nocturnal species such as owls and bats. The
highest densities of Spiny-tailed Lizard burrows on site occurred within lithified sand dune
habitat. The hardened sand substrate is favourable for burrowing while vegetation cover is
denser than in the interdunal plains. As a result of the importance this habitat provides to fauna,
lithified sand dune habitat is considered to be of high conservation value (Brown and Boer
2004).
.
Figure 4-4 Lithified sand dune with Spiny-tail Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia)
4.2 Flora
A total of seven species from six different families of flora were identified at the proposed BRSA
site (Table 4-1).
Table 4-1 Species of flora recorded

Arecaceae Phoenix dactylifera P
Cyperaceae Cyperus conglomeratus P
Cornulaca monocantha P
Chenopodiaceae
Haloxylon salicornicum P
Mimosaceae Prosopis cineraria P
Rhamnaceae Ziziphus spina-christi P
Zygophyllaceae Fagonia ovalifolia P
Flora occurred predominantly in sand sheet and dune habitat and occasionally within interdunal
plains. The dominant vegetation identified during the survey was Haloxylon salicornicum,
recorded in 43 of 57 quadrats surveyed. Areas of Sabkha habitat lacked vegetation entirely with
the exception of a single waypoint containing sparse Haloxylon salicornicum (WP 73; Appendix
F).
4.2.1 Rush
A single species of rush, Cyperus conglomeratus, occurred exclusively in the northwest corner
of the survey site within lithified sand dune habitat, frequently with the dominant shrub Haloxylon
salicornicum (WP 61,62; Appendix F). The species Cyperus conglomeratus is common
throughout the majority of habitats within the Abu Dhabi Emirate.
4.2.2 Shrubs
The shrubs Haloxylon salicornicum and Cornulaca monocantha were both recorded during the
survey. Haloxylon salicornicum was the dominant species throughout the site, occurring in
dense bushes throughout sand sheet and dune habitat (WP 25 and 26, Appendix F). Stands of
Haloxylon were densest in areas of sandy sheet and occurred more sparsely on the crests of
sand dunes (WP 39; Appendix F).
Occasionally, Cornulaca monocantha was also recorded within the Haloxylon salicornicum
communities (WP 51, Appendix F). In addition, a single specimen of Fagonia ovalifolia was
recorded in the sand sheet habitat (WP 14, Appendix F).
4.2.3 Trees
The tree species Phoenix dactylifera, Prosopis cineraria, and, Ziziphus spina-christi were
recorded at WP 17 (Appendix F and Figure 4-5). The surrounding conditions inclusive of litter,
dumped materials and fencing indicate that this location was an abandoned camel camp. Since
no other trees were recorded within the survey site, it is probable that this small stand of trees
had been planted and irrigated for shading.
Figure 4-5 Abandoned camel camp with stand of planted trees
4.3 Fauna
The survey undertaken in the BRSA identified five mammal, seven bird and four reptile species.
With the exception of Mountain Gazelle and Spiny Tailed Lizard, no species of conservation
importance were recorded.
4.3.1 Mammals
A total of five mammal species were identified across the survey site. Table 4-2 summarises the
status of the mammals recorded in accordance with the Red List of Terrestrial Mammalian
Species of the Abu Dhabi Emirate (ERWDA 2005) and the IUCN Red List (2013).
Table 4-2 Mammal species recorded
Common Name Latin Name UAE Status IUCN

Status
Cheesman's Gerbil Gerbilus cheesmani LC LC
Bat sp. - - -
Cape Hare Lepus capensis LC LC
Mountain Gazelle Gazella gazella cora EN VU
Red Fox Vulpes vulpes LC LC
The presence of Cheesman’s Gerbil (Gerbilus cheesmani) was identified from spotlighting
during the nocturnal survey of the site (WP 86; Annex C). Cheesman’s Gerbil occurs frequently
in vegetated sandy soil habitats, due to food availability and the ease of burrowing in the
substrate (Harrison and Bates, 1991). The sighting occurred in a relatively large patch of sandy
sheet habitat, where vegetation included dominant shrub Haloxylon salicornicum.
A total of nine Sherman small mammal traps were set during the evening of the 23rd of April and
checked the following morning (WP 74; Appendix F). Despite signs of small mammal activity,
such as burrows and tracks, no animals were captured.
Bats were sighted during the nocturnal spotlighting survey at WP 90 (Appendix F). A bat
detector was used to attempt to record echolocation frequencies, however, the sighting was too
brief to obtain a recording for species identification. Species of bat known to occur in the area
include Sind Serotine (Eptesicus nasutus) and Kuhl's Pipistrelle (Pipistrelle kuhlii). The
abundance of moths (the primary prey of insectivorous bats) observed during the nocturnal
survey suggests that the survey site may have the capacity to support a population of bats
(Arkive 2013).
The presence of Cape Hare (Lepus capensis) was identified from several sightings during the
nocturnal survey (WP 75,90; Appendix F). Cape Hare are relatively common in sandy habitats
provided there is sufficient vegetation (Harrison and Bates, 1991). All three sightings occurred in
sand sheet habitat with Haloxylon salicornicum vegetation.
The presence of Mountain Gazelle (Gazella gazella cora) was identified from tracks recorded
during daytime surveys as well as a single sighting during the nocturnal survey (see WP 66 and
74, Appendix F). Recorded tracks and sightings occurred in sand sheet habitat with Haloxylon
salicornicum vegetation. Mountain Gazelle are listed as “Endangered” in the UAE and
populations are internationally considered as “Vulnerable” and subsequently considered of
conservation importance.
The presence of Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) was identified from a sighting during the day survey
as well as recordings of tracks, burrows and an active den site (WP 15, Appendix F).
Furthermore, sightings occurred during nocturnal spotlighting as well as images captured using
the camera trap (see WP 94, Appendix F and Figure 4-6). Multiple Red Foxes were sighted and
recorded within an area of interdunal plains and sand sheet habitat. The den site will be visited
again during the summer terrestrial ecology survey (STES) to check for evidence of breeding
and reconfirm species identification prior to work commencing on site.
Figure 4-6 Red Fox captured via camera trap
4.3.2 Birds
The survey at the BRSA site recorded seven species of bird. The majority of bird activity was
recorded in sand sheet habitat. Table 4-3 summarises the status of all birds recorded in
accordance with the Ornithological Society of the Middle East (2010) and BirdLife International
(2013).
Table 4-3 Bird species recorded
Name Latin Name OSME Status BirdLife

Chestnut-bellied Pterocles exustus Common Resident LC
Sandgrouse erlangeri
Eurasian Collared Streptopelia decaocto Abundant Resident LC
Dove
Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis Abundant Resident LC
Little Owl Athene noctua Common Breeding LC

Resident
Greater Hoopoe Lark Alaemon alaudipes Common Breeding LC
doriae Resident
Common House Delichon urbicum Common Migrant and LC
Martin urbicum Winter Visitor
House Sparrow Passer domesticus Abundant Breeding LC
Resident
All seven species are considered to be of “Least Concern” by BirdLife International (2013), and
are listed as “Common” in the UAE by OSME (2010). Common resident species including
Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto), Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) and
House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) were recorded throughout the site, however small
numbers were also associated with the trees located at WP 17 (Appendix F). These species
tend to colonize habitats affected by human activity, and are considered very common.
The Greater Hoopoe Lark (Alaemon alaudipes doriae) is a breeding resident and may breed
within the survey site, however, no nests or breeding behaviour was recorded. The Chestnut-
bellied Sandgrouse (Pterocles exustus erlangeri) has an extensive range and is therefore not
considered to be of high conservation value.
A single Little Owl (Athene noctua) was sighted during the nocturnal survey and identified by its
call (WP 76; Appendix F). Although considered Least Concern by BirdLife International (2013),
the resident breeding population of Little Owl consists of 500-1,000 pairs and is on the decline
in the UAE (Aspinal 2010).
4.3.3 Reptiles
A total of four reptile species were identified across the survey site. Table 4-4 summarises the
status of these reptiles in accordance with the Red List of Terrestrial Reptilian and Amphibian
Species of the Abu Dhabi Emirate (Zayed University 2005) and the IUCN Red List (2013).
Table 4-4 Reptile species recorded
Common Name Latin Name UAE Status IUCN Status

Arabian Toad-headed Agama Phrynocephalus arabicus LC LC
Arabian Sand Gecko Stenodactylus arabicus LC LC
Dune Sand Gecko Stenodactylus doriae LC LC
Egyptian Spiny-tailed Lizard Uromastyx aegyptia VU VU
The presence of Arabian Toad-headed Agama (Phrynocephalus arabicus) was identified by a
single sighting during the day survey (WP 11, Appendix F). The sighting occurred in sand sheet
and dune habitat with Haloxylon salicornicum.
The presence of the Egyptian Spiny-tailed Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia) was identified from
multiple sightings during the day survey as well as the recording of active burrows and tracks
(Figure 4-7). The burrows were located in high densities in the northwest corner of the survey
site in close association with the lithified sand dune habitat (see WPs 55 to 64, Appendix F).
Vegetative coverage throughout this location was estimated at approximately 5 – 10% with
dominant vegetation comprising of Haloxylon salicornicum with occasional Cyperus
conglomeratus.
Figure 4-7 Egyptian Spiny-tailed Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia)
The presence of Arabian Sand Gecko (Stenodactylus arabicus) and Dune Sand Gecko
(Stenodactylus doriae) was confirmed during the nocturnal spotlight survey (WPs 76 to 93,
Appendix F). Dune Sand Gecko (Figure 4-8) were recorded in high numbers (22 individuals)
whilst a total of four Arabian Sand Gecko were recorded.
Figure 4-8 Dune Sand Gecko (Stenodactylus doriae)
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
5.1 Alumina Refinery Site
5.1.1 Conclusions
The Winter Terrestrial Ecology Survey (WTES) identified a total of three habitats, six plant, and
14 bird species.
The habitats and flora recorded throughout the survey site comprised of common species that
have been affected by high levels of disturbance and ongoing construction activities. The
scattered patches of sandy habitats supported greater vegetation cover. By contrast the
dominant habitat type, Alluvial Plains, were generally devoid of vegetation. The dominant
species of flora recorded within the sites boundaries was Heliotropium bacciferum and there
were no recorded tree species. All species of plant recorded during the survey are considered
common in the UAE, and are not considered to have a high conservation value.
A total of fourteen species of birds were recorded, all of which considered to be of low regional
and international conservation value. Whilst no breeding activity was recorded, the majority of
birds are resident breeding species that tend to colonize habitats affected by human activity.
Common migratory species of bird along the sandy beach included the Little Egret, Grey Plover,
Kentish Plover, Lesser Sand Plover and Caspian Tern. Whilst it is noted that the beach is
located outside the sites boundaries, within the context of the site, this area is of importance to
shorebird species, and disturbance should be limited as far as possible.
No mammals or reptiles were recorded in the survey site.
5.1.2 Recommendations
Based on the findings of the WTES, the following measures are recommended with a view to
providing protection for the ecological receptors:
Minimal disturbance around the beachside located at WP 10; and
A strict no approach to wildlife to be enforced.
5.2 Bauxite Residue Storage Area
5.2.1 Conclusions
The WTES of the proposed BRSA site identified a total of four habitats, seven plants, five
mammals, seven birds and four reptile species.
Areas within the sites boundaries showed signs of disturbance as a result of anthropogenic
activity and grazing by livestock. Floral diversity was low, with Haloxylon salicornicum recorded
as the dominant shrub throughout the survey site. The survey recorded the presence of three
tree species Pheonix dactylifera, Prosopis cineraria and Ziziphus spina-christi. However, it is
considered likely that these trees were planted to provide shade at a now abandoned camel
camp.
Average vegetation coverage throughout the entire site was low, and estimated at 2-5%.
However, coverage was occasionally higher, and up to 10% in some areas of sand sheet. All
species of plant recorded are considered common in the UAE and are not regarded as having a
high conservation value.
A total of five mammal species were identified during the survey. With the exception of
Mountain Gazelle, the remaining species are considered common throughout the UAE and
subsequently listed as species of “Least Concern”. The Mountain Gazelle is classified by the
IUCN Red List as Vulnerable and listed as Endangered on the Abu Dhabi Red List (ERWDA
2005). Its status is declining due to threats such as habitat destruction, illegal poaching and
capture for use as exotic pets (Arkive 2013). As such, naturally occurring populations of
Mountain Gazelle are considered to be of conservation importance.
Red Fox, Cape Hare and Cheesman’s Gerbil are all common throughout Abu Dhabi and the
UAE. Populations of Red Fox are expanding, primarily due to the expansion in agricultural and
developed areas in the UAE. This species of fox is often associated with areas of high
disturbance and in close association with areas impacted by human development.
The survey recorded the presence of a bat species on site. The overhanging pockets formed by
the crust of lithified sand dunes provide suitable daytime shelter for bats and the abundance of
moths observed during the nocturnal survey indicate the site's capacity to support bat species.
A total of seven species of birds were recorded during the survey. All are considered regionally
common and have an expansive range. Due to the stability in their populations, all species are
listed as “Least Concern” by Birdlife International (2013). The sighting of Little Owl is
noteworthy. Little Owl are recorded as a resident breeding species, with an estimated 500-1,000
breeding pairs in Abu Dhabi. Similarly, breeding populations of Greater Hoopoe Lark are
estimated at 5,000 -10,000 pairs. However, as a result of habitat destruction and development,
the population of both species is declining in the UAE (Aspinal, 2010).
Eurasian Collared Dove, Laughing Dove and House Sparrow are all common breeding
residents in the UAE. Breeding populations are estimated at 35,000 – 50,000 pairs, 100,000+
pairs and 100,000+ pairs respectively (Aspinal, 2010).
The Arabian Toad-headed Agama, Arabian Sand Gecko and Dune Sand Gecko are all common
reptile species and listed as “Least Concern” on the IUCN Red List (2013). Dune Sand Geckos
in particular are considered very common, but are known to be adversely impacted by livestock
and construction activity (Arkive 2013). The high population of Dune Sand Gecko recorded
during the survey suggests that the site is relatively undisturbed.
The presence of a Spiny-tailed Lizard population of the size indicated during the WTES in a
relatively small area is particularly noteworthy. Spiny-tailed Lizards are considered to be of both
regional and international conservation importance (IUCN 2013). A total of 21 individuals were
recorded, the majority within the lithified sand dune habitat in the northwest corner of the survey
site. Spiny Tailed Lizard are protected in the UAE by Law No. 9, 1983 and also as an Annex II
species on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora (CITES) list. Furthermore, the lizards are listed as “Vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List.
5.2.2 Recommendations
Based on the findings of the WTES at the proposed BRSA site, the following recommended
actions are proposed:
Detailed survey to assess the Mountain Gazelle and Spiny-Tail Lizard populations within
the sites boundaries. The survey should identify and clearly mark all Spiny Tail Lizard
burrows; and
A Relocation Method Statement (RMS) for Spiny Tail Lizards to be prepared prior to any
earthworks taking place. The RMS should highlight a suitable receptor site for any
relocated Spiny Tail Lizards. The RMS shall be submitted to the EAD for approval prior to
any relocation works taking place.
6. References
Arkive (2013). [online] Accessed at: www.arkive.org/. Viewed 24/04/2013.
Aspinal, S. (2010). Breeding Birds of the United Arab Emirates. Emirates Printing Press.
BirdLife International. (2013). Country profile: UAE. [online] Accessed at:

http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/country/uae. Viewed on 12/04/2013.
Brown, G. and Boer, B. (2004). Interpretation Manual of the Major Terrestrial Natural and Semi
Natural Habitat Types of Abu Dhabi Emirate. Environmental Research and Wildlife
Development Agency (ERWDA). Abu Dhabi. UAE.
Environmental Research and Wildlife Development Agency (ERWDA). (2005). The Red List of
Terrestrial Mammalian Species of the Abu Dhabi Emirate. Abu Dhabi. UAE.
GHD. (2013). Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery: Terms of Reference for Environmental Impact
Assessment. April 2013. Abu Dhabi. UAE.
Harrison, D.L. and Bates, P.J.J. (1991). The Mammals of Arabia. Lakeside Printing, London.
UK.
IUCN. (2013). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [online] Accessed at:
http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/mammals. Viewed on 12/04/2013.
Ornithological Society of the Middle East: A Checklist of the Birds of UAE (OSME). (2010). The
Red List of Terrestrial Reptilian and Amphibian Species of the Abu Dhabi Emirate.
Zayed University: Department of Natural and Quantitative Sciences. 2005. UAE.
Appendices
GHD | Report for Mubadala and Dubal - Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery, 76/10430
Appendix A – Site Location Plan
266000
2746000
2744000
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2736000
2734000
2732000
2730000
2728000 268000 270000 272000 274000 276000 278000 280000 282000 284000 286000 288000 290000 292000 294000 296000 298000 300000
KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Shaheen Alumina Refinery and
Area A: Alumina Refinery Bauxite Residue Storage Area
Area B: Bauxite Residue Storage Area
.
DATE: 01/05/2013
DRAWN BY: CH
SIZE: A4
0 1
km SCALE: 1:125,000
Coordinate System: WGS UTM Zone 40N TITLE:
MAP NAME:
Figure 1.1
Location.mxd Site Location
C:\Users\crona\Documents\GulfEcology\ShaheenAlum\Maps\Location.mxd Bing Imagery Sourced: 01/05/2013
Appendix B – Track Logs and Survey Waypoints
267000 268000 269000 270000
9
(
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(
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7
(
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5
(
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(
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3
(
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2 1
(
! (
!
2743000
KEY: PROJECT NAME:
(
! Waypoint Shaheen Alumina Refinery
Track
.
DATE: 30/04/2013
Site Boundary DRAWN BY: CH
SIZE: A4
0 200
m SCALE: 1:14,000
MAP NAME: Figure 2.1
SiteA_TracksWPs.mxd Area A: Refinery Site
Tracks and Waypoints
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293000 294000 295000 296000 297000 298000 299000
21
61
!
(
60
22 (
! 62
63
(
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19
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! ( 20 64 !
40 (
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(
2732000
59 (
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(
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18
39
65
(
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58 (
!
66
(!
! ( 27
(
! 47
28
(
! (
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(
! 48
57
(
!
(
! 12
29 15 13
26 41 17 (
! ( 11
!
(
!
54 (
! (
! (
!
56 23
(
! (
!
52
(
!
49
(
!
55!
2731000
46 !
( (
!
24
(
25 (
! 30 (
!
(
!
67
(
! (
! (
!
(
!
73 51
42 (
! (
!
38
(
!
(
! 72
68 31
33
(
!
43
(
! (
!
32
(
!
(
! 71
69 45
(
!
(
!
(
! (
! 70
2730000
(
!
44
34 (
! 50
35
(
! (
!
(
!
53
37 (
!
(
!
36
(
!
2729000
KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Shaheen Alumina Refinery: Bauxite
(
! Waypoint Residue Storage Area
Track
.
DATE: 30/04/2013
SIZE: A4
0 200
m SCALE: 1:25,000
SiteB_TracksWPs.mxd Area B: Bauxite Residue Storage
Area Tracks and Waypoints
C:\Users\crona\Documents\GulfEcology\ShaheenAlum\Maps\SiteB_TracksWPs.mxd Bing Imagery Sourced: 30/04/2013
2732000 293000 294000 295000 296000 297000 298000 299000
89
76 (
!
(
! 90
( 91
88 93
!
(
!
92 ! 94
77 (
! ( (
!
74
(
!
(
!
87 (
!
(
!
75
86
2731000
(
!
78 (
!
(
!
79
(
! 85
!84
(
(
!
80
(
!
81 83
(
! (
!
2730000
82
(
!
2729000
KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Shaheen Alumina Refinery: Bauxite
(
! Waypoint Residue Storage Area
Track
.
DATE: 30/04/2013
SIZE: A4
0 200
m SCALE: 1:25,000
SiteB_TracksWPs_Noc.mxd Nocturnal Tracks and Waypoints
C:\Users\crona\Documents\GulfEcology\ShaheenAlum\Maps\SiteB_TracksWPs_Noc.mxd Bing Imagery Sourced: 30/04/2013
Appendix C – Refinery Site Habitat Map
266000 267000 268000 269000 270000
9
(
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10 (
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7
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KEY: PROJECT NAME:
Site Boundary Shaheen Alumina Refinery

Habitat
.
DATE: 07/05/2013
1060: Non-vegetated, exposed sandy beaches DRAWN BY: CH
2011: Coastal Plains on Sandy Ground
SIZE: A4
0 200
5130: Alluvial Plains with no vegetation m SCALE: 1:15,000
SiteA_Habitats.mxd Area A: Refinery Site
Habitat Map
C:\Users\crona\Documents\GulfEcology\ShaheenAlum\Maps\SiteA_Habitats.mxd Bing Imagery Sourced: 07/05/2013
Appendix D – Refinery Site Target Notes
Heliotropium bacciferum
Cyperus conglomeratus
Zygophyllum qatarense
Cornulaca monocantha
Haloxylon salicornicum
Ziziphus spina-christi
Phragmites australis
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Bird Sightings Additional Comments
Habitat Code
Waypoint
1 5130 NV
2 4313 Red-wattled Lapwing pair
3 4313 Isabelline Wheatear
4 5130 NV, HD
5 5130 Feral Pigeon Cleared, active
construction, dumped
materials, temporary
residences
6 5130 NV, HD
7 4313 Turkestan Shrike, Crested Lark
8 4313
9 5130 NV, HD
10 1060 Grey Plover, Kentish Plover, Lesser
Sand Plover, Little Egret, Caspian
Tern
KEY: NV = No vegetation; HD = Highly disturbed; ü = vegetation species present
Appendix E – BRSA Site Habitat Map
2732000
2731000
2730000
2729000 293000 294000 295000 296000 297000 298000 299000
KEY: PROJECT NAME:
Site Boundary Shaheen Alumina Refinery: Bauxite

Residue Storage Area
Habitat
.
DATE: 30/04/2013
3200: Sabkha Matti
DRAWN BY: CH
4311: Sand sheets and dunes with Haloxylon salicornicum and/or Cornulaca monocantha SIZE: A4
5130: Alluvial plains with no vegetation
0 200
m SCALE: 1:25,000
TITLE:
6220: Escarpments, lithified sand dunes, rocky exposures
Coordinate System: WGS UTM Zone 40N

SiteB_Habitats.mxd Habitat Map
C:\Users\crona\Documents\GulfEcology\ShaheenAlum\Maps\SiteB_Habitats.mxd Bing Imagery Sourced: 30/04/2013
Appendix F – BRSA Site Target Notes
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Bird Sightings Fauna Signs/Sightings Additional Comments
Habitat Code
Waypoint
11 4311 D Toad-headed Agama

12 3200 car tracks
13 3200 man made SWB and
excavation piles
14 5221 D
15 5221 D Red Fox sighting, fox man made SWB and
tracks, active fox den excavation piles; placed
camera trap nearby
17 4311 D Collared Dove; Laughing fox tracks old camel camp, litter,
Dove; House Sparrow old fencing, trees likely
planted
18 5221 D Greater Hoopoe Lark STL burrow and sighting
of young STL
19 4311 NV, HG
20 4311 NV, HG
21 4311 NV, HG
22 5221 D STL tracks; camel dung HG, HD
23 4311 D
24 5121 D excavation
25 4311 D
26 4311 D Chestnut-bellied Sand
Grouse
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Habitat Code
Waypoint
27 5221 D
28 4311 D STL tracks
29 4311 D camel tracks, dung HG
30 4311 D
31 3200 NV
32 4311 D
33 4311 D
34 5130 NV
35 5130 HD; NV cleared,
excavation
36 5221 D
37 4311 D Greater Hoopoe Lark
38 4311 D
39 4311 D
40 4311 D
41 4311 D
42 3200 NV
43 4311 NV, HG
44 5121 D
45 3200 NV
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Habitat Code
Waypoint
46 4311 D
47 4311 D
48 4311 D
49 4311 D
50 4311 D Common House Martin
51 4311 D
52 5130 NV
53 5221 D
54 6220 D STL Burrow and sighting
of STL
of STL
of STL
of STL
of STL
of three STL
of two STL
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Habitat Code
Waypoint

of three STL
of STL
63 6220 STL Burrow and sighting
of STL
64 6220 STL Burrow and sighting NV
of two STL
of STL
66 5221 D STL Burrow and sighting Sherman Small mammal
of STL; gazelle tracks; trap location
small mammal burrows
of STL
68 4311 D 10% cover of vegetation;
one of the denser areas
on site
69 5130 NV
70 3200 NV
71 3200 NV
72 3200 NV
73 3200 occasional Haloxylon
salicornicum present
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Habitat Code
Waypoint
74 - Mountain Gazelle Sherman traps location;

Nocturnal Survey
75 - Cape Hare Nocturnal survey
76 - Little Owl Stenodactylus doriae Nocturnal survey
77 - S. doriae x 2 Nocturnal survey
78 - Stenodactylus arabicus, Nocturnal survey
S.doriae
80 - S. doriae Nocturnal survey
86 - Cheeseman's Gerbil Nocturnal survey
90 - Bat sp; Cape Hare x 2 Nocturnal survey
92 - S. arabicus Nocturnal survey
Sporobolus ioclados
Suaeda vermiculata
Pheonix dactylifera
Prosopis cineraria
Fagonia ovalifolia
Habitat Code
Waypoint

94 - Red Fox Nocturnal survey
KEY: NV = No vegetation; HD = Highly disturbed; HG = Heavily grazed; SWB = Shallow water body; ü = Vegetation species present; D = Dominant
vegetation species; STL = Spiny-tailed Lizard
GHD
P.O. Box 45921, Abu Dhabi
United Arab Emirates
T: 971 2 696 8700 F: 971 2 447 2915 E: abumail@ghd.com
© GHD 2013
This document is and shall remain the property of GHD. The document may only be used for the
purpose for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the Terms of Engagement for the
commission. Unauthorised use of this document in any form whatsoever is prohibited.
G:\76\10430\Wp\22655.docx
Document Status
Rev Author Reviewer Approved for Issue
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Mubadala & DUBAL

Project Shaheen Alumina Refinery

5. Conclusions and Recommendations........................................................................................ 19

Table 4-2 Mammal species recorded ............................................................................................. 15

Figure 4-3 Alluvial Plains devoid of vegetation ............................................................................... 12

Appendix C – Refinery Site Habitat Map

Appendix F – BRSA Site Target Notes

Figure 1-1 Location Map of the Proposed Project Sites

2.2 Survey Coverage

2.3 Habitats and Flora

2.5 Survey Limitations

Non-vegetated, exposed sandy beaches;

Non-vegetated, exposed sandy beaches

Coastal Plains on Sandy Ground.

Alluvial Plains with No Vegetation

Family Species Recorded Annual/Perennial (A/P)

3.2.1 Rush and Grasses

Common Name Latin Name OSME Status Birdlife

Alluvial plains with no vegetation; and

Escarpments, lithified sand dunes, rocky exposures.

Alluvial plains with no vegetation

Figure 4-3 Alluvial Plains devoid of vegetation

Family Species Recorded Annual/Perennial (A/P)

Common Name Latin Name UAE Status IUCN

Figure 4-6 Red Fox captured via camera trap

Name Latin Name OSME Status BirdLife

Little Owl Athene noctua Common Breeding LC

Common Name Latin Name UAE Status IUCN Status

Figure 4-7 Egyptian Spiny-tailed Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia)

Figure 4-8 Dune Sand Gecko (Stenodactylus doriae)

A strict no approach to wildlife to be enforced.

5.2 Bauxite Residue Storage Area

BirdLife International. (2013). Country profile: UAE. [online] Accessed at:

KEY: PROJECT NAME:

KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Site Boundary DRAWN BY: CH

KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Site Boundary DRAWN BY: CH

KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Site Boundary DRAWN BY: CH

KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Site Boundary Shaheen Alumina Refinery

KEY: PROJECT NAME:

Site Boundary Shaheen Alumina Refinery: Bauxite

MAP NAME: Figure 4.1

11 4311 D Toad-headed Agama

61 6220 D STL Burrow and sighting

74 - Mountain Gazelle Sherman traps location;

93 - S. doriae x 2 Nocturnal survey

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