Page 1 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

Sample Paper 30 Solutions

Social Science (Code 087)
Class X Session 2023-24
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
i. Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 37 questions in the question paper. All
questions are compulsory.
ii. Section A – From question 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
iii. Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to
each question should not exceed 40 words.
iv. Section C contains Q.25to Q.29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each
question should not exceed 60 words
v. Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each
question should not exceed 120 words.
vi. Section-E - Questions no from 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks
each.
vii. Section F – Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and 37b
from Geography (3 marks).
viii. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions.
Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
ix. In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.

Ans :
SECTION-A (b) Hunger and Homelessness.

Multiple Choice Questions (Q 1 to 20) 1X20=20 2. Identify the correct statements regarding the Act of
Union.
(i) It was signed in 1707.
1. Look at the picture carefully and choose the correct (ii) It was signed between England and Scotland.
answer- (iii) It resulted in the establishment of democracy in
Scotland.
(iv) It resulted in the formation of United Kingdom of
Great Britain.
Codes :
(a) (iii) and (iv)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iii)


Ans :
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv)

This painting made by famous artist Samuel Luke

Fildes 1874, tells the situation of-
(a) Unemployment.
(b) Hunger and Homelessness.
(c) Spread of Epidemic.
(d) Overpopulation and Poverty.
Page 2 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

3. Identify the class 6. Which of the following conditions is/are essential for
• They owned states in the countryside and also tea cultivation?
town houses. A. tropical and sub-tropical climates
• They spoke French for purposes of diplomacy B. deep and fertile well-drained soi
and in high society. C. cool and frost climate all through the year
• Their families were often connected by ties of (a) A, B and C
marriage. (b) A and B only
Choose the correct option : (c) B and C only
(a) Liberals middle class (d) A only
(b) Aristocrats


Ans :
(c) 3rd Estate
(d) Nationalists (b) A and B only

Ans : 7. During the Indian Freedom Struggle, why did the

(b) Aristocrats Rowlatt Act arouse popular outrage?
(a) It curbed trade union activities.
4. Which of the following statement option (s) is/are (b) It curtailed the freedom of religion.
correct about the nation of Poland? (c) It allowed detention of political prisoners without
(i) Poland was partitioned in the 18th century. trial for two years.
(ii) Poland was ruled by Russia and Polish language (d) It was against the Champaran Satyagraha.
was used as a weapon of struggle against Russian
Dominance.

Ans :
(iii) With the end of Poland, the sentiments of (c) It allowed detention of political prisoners without
nationalism among the Polish people ended as trial for two years.
well.
Codes : 8. How leaders of Sri Lanka dealt with the question of
(a) Only (i) power sharing?
(b) Only (iii) (a) The government adopted series of Majoritarian
(c) Both (ii) and (iii) measures to establish Tamil Supremacy in Sri
(d) Both (i) and (ii) Lanka.
(b) The government adopted series of Majoritarian


Ans :
measures to establish Sinhala Supremacy in Sri
(d) Both (i) and (ii) Lanka.
(c) The government adopted equality in power
sharing.
(d) None of these
5. Assertion (A) : The issue of extending political rights

Ans :
to women was a controversial one within the liberal (b) The government adopted series of Majoritarian
movement. measures to establish Sinhala Supremacy in Sri Lanka.
Reason (R) : Women were considered more superior
and independent of men by the society, because of
9. Identify the revolutionary, with the help of statements
their enthusiastic performance in liberal movement.
given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
(i) He was an Italian revolutionary.
explanation of A.
(ii) He founded two secret societies Young Italy in
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct Marseilles and Young Europe in Bern.
explanation of A. (iii) Metternich described him as ‘the most dangerous
(c) A is true but R is false. enemy of our social order’.
(d) Both A and R are false. Choose the correct option.
(a) Louis Philippe


Ans :
(b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
(c) A is true but R is false. (c) Giuseppe Mazzini
(d) Karol Kurpinski
Page 3 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

Ans : 13. Complete the following table with correct information

(c) Giuseppe Mazzini with regard to sectors of economy.

Activities Economic Sectors

10. Match the following items given in column I with
those in column II. Mining Primary Activity
Banking ?
Column- I Column- II
(a) Secondary Activity
A. 1859-70 1. Battle of Leipzig
(b) Tertiary Activity
B. 1866-71 2. Slav nationalism (c) Primary Activity
C. 1905 3. Unification of Italy (d) None of the above
D. 1813 4. Unification of Germany

Ans :
Select the correct option : (b) Tertiary Activity
(a) A " 1, B " 2, C " 3, D " 4
(b) A " 4, B " 1, C " 2, D " 3 14. Identify the incorrectly matched pair.
(a) Vienna Peace Settlement 1815
(c) A " 3, B " 4, C " 2, D " 1
(b) Death of Lord Byron 1824
(d) A " 3, B " 4, C " 1, D " 2
(c) Piedmont and France defeated Austria 1832

Ans :

(d) Custom Union was formed 1834
(c) A " 3, B " 4, C " 2, D " 1

Ans :
(c) Piedmont and France defeated Austria - 1832
11. Annette studies in a Dutch medium school in the
Northern region of Belgium. Many French speaking
students in her school want the medium of instruction
to be French. Her parents approach towards the
respective government to realise the desire of the
child. What could be the measure Belgian government
will adopt in such a situation? 15. Read the following data and select the appropriate
(a) Majoritarian measures option from the following.
(b) Despotic measures
State Infant Literacy Net Attendance
(c) Policy of accommodation
Mortality Rate %20 Ratio (Per
(d) All of the above Rate per 17-18 100 persons)


Ans : 1000 live secondary stage
births (age 14 and 15
(c) Policy of accommodation
(2017) years) 2017-18

12. Arrange the following in the correct sequence (land Haryana 30 82 61

degradation by %). Kerala 10 94 83
(i) Forest degraded area
Bihar 35 62 43
(ii) Water eroded area
(iii) Wind eroded area Why Bihar has high infant mortality rate as compared
(iv) Saline and alkaline deposits to other states? Identify the reason from the given
Codes : options.
(a) (i), (ii), (iv), (iii) (a) Due to lack of education facilities
(b) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii) (b) Due to lack of health facilities
(c) (ii), (iii), (iv), (i) (c) Low guidance
(d) (ii) , (i), (iii), (iv) (d) Both (a) and (b)


Ans :

Ans :
(d) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv) (d) Both (a) and (b)
Page 4 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

16. Soils are also described on the basis of their age. 20. Read the information given below and select the
According to their age alluvial soils can be classified correct option:
as _____ and _____ The developed countries have gone through historic
(a) Black, Red changes in the economic sector as the economic
(b) Khadar, bangar activities had gradually shifted from Primary to
(c) bangar, Arid Secondary to Tertiary sector. Now service sector
has become the most important sector. The shifting
(d) Khadar, Laterite
of economic activities does not mean complete


Ans : elimination of previous sectors, but the importance
and dominance of next sector is increased.
(b) Khadar, bangar
The shifting of economic activities mean that:
(a) previous sectors have been completely eliminated.
17. Rajesh is overweight as his weight is 85 kg and his
height is 180 cm. Find out his Body Mass Index (b) importance of next sector is increased.
(BMI) from the following options. (c) production in three sectors has increased
(a) 18.6 kg/m2 substantially.
(b) 29.2 kg/m2 (d) primary sector has increased quantitatively.
(c) 26.2 kg/m2

Ans : (b) Importance of next sector is increased.
(d) 14.7 kg/m2


Ans :
(c) 26.2 kg/m2

18. How GDP is calculated? SECTION-B

(a) The value of final goods and services produced in
each sector during a particular year provides the
Very Short Answer Question (Q 21 to 24) 2X4=8
total production of sector for that year and the
sum of production in the three sectors.
21. Study the given picture and mention the activity
(b) The value of final goods and services produced in featured in it along with the reason behind it.
each sector during last three years provides the
total production of the sector for that year.
(c) The value of intermediate goods and services
produced in each sector during a particular year
provides the approximate production of the sector
for that year.
(d) The value of intermediate goods and services
produced in each sector during a particular year
and the sum of production in the three sectors.


Ans :
(a) The value of final goods and services produced
in each sector during a particular year provides the
total production of sector for that year and the sum
of production in the three sectors.

19. Find the odd one out -

Column A Column B
(a) Union of India Prime minister


Ans :
(b) State Governor
The given picture shows a soldier forcing an Indian
(c) Municipal corporation Mayor citizen to crawl on the street and salute a British
(d) Gram panchayat Sarpanch Official as a consequence of the crawling orders given
by General Dyer as a measure of instilling discipline


Ans : (b) State- Governor after the Jallianwala Bagh incident in Amritsar.
Page 5 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

22. Mention any two features of unorganised sector.

Ans :
(i) This sector is characterised by small and scattered
units which are largely outside the control of the
government.
(ii) There is no job security for workers.
(iii) There is no provision for overtime, paid leave,
holidays, leave due to sickness, etc.
23. Mention any two constitutional provisions that make
India a secular state.


Ans :
The following constitutional provisions make India a
secular state:
(i) There is no official religion for the Indian state.
(ii) The Constitution prohibits discrimination on
grounds of religion.
24. Analyse any two factors that were responsible for
increasing the feeling of alienation among the Sri
Lankan Tamils.
O (iv) New hymns were composed, oaths taken and
Distinguish between community government in
Belgium and majoritarian government in Sri Lanka.


Ans :
(i) In 1956, Sinhala was recognised as the only official
language in Sri Lanka.
(ii) The governments followed preferential policies
that favoured Sinhala applicants for university
positions and government jobs.
O and regional dialects were discouraged to use.
SECTION-C

Short Answer Based Question (Q 25 to 29) 3X5=15
25. Analyse the various measures and practices introduced
by the French revolutionaries that created a sense of
collective identity amongst the French people.


Ans :
Following are the measures and practices introduced
by the French revolutionaries that created a sense of
collective identity amongst the French people:
(i) Equal rights were provided to all under the
constitution and the ideas of la patrie (the
fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) were
promoted to represent all French as a united
community.
(ii) Former flag i.e., Royal standard flag was replaced
with the new French flag, the tricolour.
(iii) The Estates General was made an elected body by
the active citizens and renamed as the National
Assembly.
martyrs commemorated, all in the name of the
nation.
(v) A centralised administrative system was
introduced. Uniform laws were formulated for
all citizens within its territory. Internal customs
duties and dues were abolished and a uniform
system of weights and measures was adopted.
(vi) French which was spoken and written in Paris
selected as the common language of the nation

Community Majoritarian
Government in Government in Sri
Belgium Lanka
(i) The Belgian leaders The Sri Lankan
adopted a policy of leaders adopted
power sharing. a policy of
majoritarianism.
(ii) They gave equal powers They gave
to all communities no preferences to the 26. Why is credit taken in rural areas?
matter whether they majority Sinhala

Ans :
are in majority or community alone,
In rural areas, credit is taken mainly for agricultural
minority. thus disregarding
activities and crop production.
the minority Tamil
(i) Money is needed to buy high cost seeds, fertilisers,
community.
pesticides, to pay water and electricity bills and
to repair equipment etc.
(ii) There is a long period of minimum three to four
months between the procurements of these inputs
by farmers and selling of the crop.
Page 6 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

(iii) Farmers usually take crop loans at the beginning 28. Differentiate between the unitary government and
of the season and repay the loan after harvest. The federal government?
income from farming is an important determinant

Ans :
for repayment of the loan.
Unitary Government Federal Government
27. What is most important attributes for comparing
countries and why? (i) In this system, there In this system, there
must be a Central must be a Central
O
government. State government and State
What is Human Development Report? Discuss its governments may or governments. A third
emergence. may not exist tier of government


Ans : i.e., local government
may or may not exist.
The most important attributes for comparing
countries are: (ii) If State government State governments
(i) The income of the countries is considered to be exists, it will be are not subordinate to
one of the most important attributes for their subordinate to Central government.
comparison. Central government They are answerable
(ii) Generally, countries which have higher income and answerable to it. to people.
are considered more developed than the countries (iii) Powers are not Powers are divided
which have less income. divided by the by the constitution.
(iii) This is based on the understanding that more constitution. Central They have separate
income provides more of all things that human government allows powers independent
beings need. People will be able to get whatever State governments to each others.
they required and want with greater income. to administer on
That’s why greater income itself is considered to selected subjects.
be one important goal.
(iv) Central government Central government
O can give orders to cannot give orders to
Human Development Report: Human Development State government and State government but
Report is annual report which compares countries its orders should be if they do then, they
based on the educational levels of the people, their followed. have, no compulsion
health status and per capita income. It is published to follow it.
by United Nations Development Programme.
Emergency of Human Development Report: When it 29. Compare tables A and B and answer the question
is realised that the level of income alone is not able given below.
to reflect the true picture of the development of a
country, other parameters on which development Table : Some Comparative Data on Haryana, Kerala
could be measured began to develop. A long list such and Bihar
criterion was thought but only small number of the
State Intant Literacy N e t
most important things were selected which included
M o r t a l i ty R a t e % Attendance
health and education indicators. Over the past decade
Rate per 2017-18 R a t i o
or so, health and education indicators have come to
1,000 live (Per 100
be widely used along with income as a measure of
b i r t h s persons)
development. Human Development Report is one
(2018) secondary
which uses these indicators.
stage (age
14 and
15 years)
2017-18
Haryana 30 82 61
Kerala 7 94 83
Bihar 32 62 43
Page 7 Sample Paper 30 Solutions
Table : Per Capita Income for 2018-19 (in Rs)
Haryana 2,36,147
Kerala 2,04,105
Bihar 40,982
Despite a lower per capita income, why does Kerala
boast of better medical and educational facilities?
Why is Haryana not called the most developed state
out of the given three ?


Ans :
Based on the given tables, Kerala boasts of a better
medical and educational facilities because:
1. The government in Kerala has been implementing
the family planning scheme for years to stabilise
the population growth in the state. It is because
of this reason and other administrative checks
that their medical and educational facilities are
better than Haryana’s despite having low per
capita income.
2. Per capita income cannot solely influence or
augment development. Various other facilities,
liberal policies and employment avenues increase
the possibility of development in a state.
3. Haryana has improper medical and educational
facilities (as visible from its high infant mortality
rate and low net attendance ratio in schools). this
is why it is not the most developed state out of
the three. An average of all three indicators can
convey the state of complete development in the
state.
SECTION-D

Long Answer Based Question (Q 30 to 33) 5X4=20
30. Why are better public facilities needed for the
development of the country ? Explain four public
facilities.
O (iii) Improvements has been suggested in calculating
What does HDI stand for ? Explain the main criteria
of measuring HDI according to UNDP Report of 1990.


Ans :
Public facilities are the facilities provided by the
government either free of cost or at very low price
for the welfare of people. Development of a country
depends upon various facilities which are affordable
when provided collectively by the state. Following are
some of the public facilities required for development :
CBSE Social Science Class 10
(i) Public Distribution System : Public Distribution
System of a country distributes food articles to the
people of a country. The better the PDS works,
the better fed are the people of the country and
the nutritional level of the people of the country
also improves which ultimately contributes to the
development of the country.
(ii) Education Facilities : Educated people are the base
of any kind of development. It is the established
fact that most developed countries are the most
educated countries and the countries with high
level of education have high rate of development.
(iii) Health Facilities : A person can contribute
towards any development only when he is healthy.
A person’s health is dependent upon the quality
of food and the medical facilities available in the
country. So the country’s medical system and food
distribution needs to be very strong and effective
so that the benefits of these facilities must reach
to the last person.
(iv) Transportation and Communication :
Transportation provides the mobility of resources
from one part of the country to the other parts
where they are more required. Communication
helps in the timely flow of information. This
mobility of resources and information is very
much required for the balanced development of
the country.
(v) Security : Development takes place only in a
secure environment. So, a country’s internal and
external security is very much required for the
development of a country.
O
HDI stands for Human Development Index. The main
criteria of measuring HDI (Human Development
Index) according to UNDP report of 1990 can be
explained as follows :
(i) UNDP published HDI to compare different
countries based on educational level, health
status of the people and per capita income of the
country.
(ii) It (HDI) determines the rank of a country in three
areas i.e., life expectancy, educational level and
per capita income.
HDI.
(iv) Now it is clear that what is important for
development is all about health and well being of
the people.
31. Why was there a conflict between the Sinhala and
Tamils?
O
Discuss the arrangements made under the Constitution
of Belgium to solve the problem of community conflict.
Page 8 Sample Paper 30 Solutions


Ans :
(i) After emerging of Sri Lanka as an independent
country in 1948, the leaders of the Sinhala
community looked to secure dominance over
government because of their majority. Soon, a
series of majoritarian measures were adopted
by the democratically elected government to
establish the supremacy of Sinhala.
(ii) With an Act passed by the Sri Lankan Parliament
in 1956, Sinhala was recognised as the only official
language ignoring Tamil. Also, the preferential
policies followed by the Sri Lankan government
used to favour Sinhala applicants for university
positions and government jobs.
(iii) Protecting and promoting Buddhism was made
the duty of state by the new constitution. As
government had adopted these measures step
by step, the feeling of alienation among the Sri
Lankan Tamils increased.
(iv) Tamils were begun to believe that all the major
political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala
leaders were not sensitive to their language and
culture.
(v) They felt that the constitution and government
policies were not giving them equal political
rights, discriminated against them in getting
jobs and other opportunities and ignored their
interests. Due to these, the relations between the
Sinhala and Tamil communities spoiled over time.
O industry for example, iron and steel industry.
Following were the arrangements made under the
constitution of Belgium to solve the problem of
community conflict.
(i) According to the constitution, central government
shall have the equal numbers of Dutch and French-
speaking ministers.
(ii) Some special laws can only be passed with
the support of majority of members from each
linguistic group. These provisions ensure that no
single community can make decisions unilaterally.
(iii) Many powers of the central government have been
given to state governments of the two regions
of the country. The state governments are not
subordinate to the central government.
CBSE Social Science Class 10
(iv) There is a separate government in Brussels
in which both the communities have equal
representation. Despite being majority community
in Brussels, the French-speaking people accepted
equal representation in government because the
Dutch-speaking community has accepted equal
representation in the central government in spite
of being majority community in all over the
country.
(v) Besides the Central and the State government,
there is a third kind of government also i.e.,
Community government. It is elected by people
belonging to one language viz., Dutch, French
and German-speaking community irrespective of
their living area. Community governments have
the power regarding cultural, educational and
language related issues.
32. How are manufacturing industry classified on basis of
capital investment, ownership and bulk, weight of raw
material and finished goods?
O
How industries contribute to the national economy of
the country?


Ans :
Manufacturing industry are classified on basis of
capital investment, ownership and bulk, weight of
rawmaterial and finished goods:
(i) On the basis of capital investment:
(a) Small scale industries: These industries come
under the maximum investment allowed on
the assets of a unit by the government. This
investment limit keeps changing over a period
of time. At present the maximum investment
allowed is rupees one crore.
(b) Large scale industries: Industries having
investment beyond the number of rupees
one crore are considered to be a large scale
(ii) On the basis of ownership:
(a) Public sector industries: These industries are
owned and operated by government agencies
e.g., BHEL, SAIL etc.
(b) Private sector industries: These industries are
owned and operated by individuals or a group
of individuals e.g., TISCO, Bajaj Auto Ltd.,
Dabur Industries.
(c) Joint sector industries: These industries are
jointly run by the state and individuals or a
group of individuals e.g., Oil India Ltd. (OIL)
is jointly owned by public and private sector.
(d) Cooperative sector industries: These industries
are owned and operated by the producers or
suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.
Page 9 Sample Paper 30 Solutions
They collectively arrange resources and share
the profits or losses proportionately e.g.,
the sugar industry in Maharashtra, the coir
industry in Kerala.
(iii) Based on the bulk and weight of raw material and
finished goods:
(a) Heavy industries: These industries
manufacture bulky products e.g., iron and
steel.
(b) Light industries: These industries use light
raw materials and produce light goods, e.g.,
electrical goods industries.
O The Colonial Government prevented the members
Contribution of industries to the national economy:
(i) Industries involve the production of goods and
services. This has brought about substantial
increase in the GDP of the country.
(ii) Industries improve the living condition of people
and also help in poverty eradication by providing
employment.
(iii) The industrial sector enhances the country’s
growth and also offers a wide variety of choices to
consumers.
(iv) Manufactured goods are exported to other
nations, thereby adding to the country’s foreign
exchange.
(v) Industries also contribute significantly in
improving the country’s infrastructure in various
sectors and help in all-round development of the
nation.
33. How did Non-Cooperation Movement start with
participation of middle class people in the city?
Explain its impact on the economic front.
O 1,00,000 people were detained.
How did the Colonial Government repress the ‘Civil
Disobedience Movement’ ? Explain.


Ans :
The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched on
August 1920 by the Congress.
(i) Thousands of students, headmasters left the
government schools and colleges and lawyers gave
up their legal practices in courts.
(ii) The Council Elections were boycotted in all
provinces except Madras.
(iii) The effects of non-cooperation on the economic
front were more dramatic.
(iv) Liquor shops were picketed and foreign cloths
were burnt in large bonfires.
(v) The import of foreign cloth reduced to half
between 1921 and 1922.
(vi) The large number of places, merchants, peasants
and traders refused completely to trade in foreign
goods or finance foreign trade.
CBSE Social Science Class 10
(vii) Boycott movement spread like a fire and the
people were aware of this movement.
(viii) People started discarding imported clothes and
wearing only Indian ones due to which production
of Indian textile mill and handlooms went up.
(ix) The Non-Cooperation Movement helped to boost
the Indian economy.
O
The ‘Civil Disobedience Movement’ initiated the
boycott of foreign clothes and picketed liquor shops.
Peasants showed their reluctance in paying revenues
and taxes. At the same time, village officials resigned.
from participating in national movements.
(i) In many places, forest people transgressed forest
laws and prevented people from entering the
reserved forests and grazing cattle. Enraged by
the development, the colonial government started
detaining the Congress leader one by one. This
resulted in the outbreak of violent clashes in
various places.
(ii) Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, a staunch disciple of
Mahatma Gandhi, was detained in April 1930.
Various people were assassinated who protested
the movement.
(iii) Mahatma Gandhi was detained. Industrial workers
of Sholapur captured police post, municipal
buildings and railway stations.
(iv) Being frightened by these developments, the
British Government adopted a policy of brutal
repression. Government adopted a policy of brutal
repression.
(v) Peaceful demonstrators were attacked. Women
and children were mercilessly beaten and about
SECTION-E

Case Based Question (Q 34 to 36) 4X3=12
34. Read the given extract and answer the following
questions.
Political parties are easily one of the most visible
institutions in a democracy. For most ordinary citizens,
democracy is equal to political parties. If you travel
Page 10 Sample Paper 30 Solutions
to remote parts of our country and speak to the less
educated citizens, you could come across people who
may not know anything about our Constitution or
about the nature of our government. But chances are
that they would know something about our political
parties. At the same time this visibility does not mean
popularity. Most people tend to be very critical of
political parties. They tend to blame parties for all
that is wrong with our democracy and our political
life. Parties have become identified with social and
political divisions.
(i) What are the three main components of a political
party?
(ii) Who is a partisan?
(iii) Explain one merit and one demerit of the
opposition party.


Ans :
(i) The three main components of a political party
are :
(a) The leaders
(b) The active members
(c) The followers
(ii) A person who is strongly committed to a party. A
partisan person always take side of a group and is
unable to give a balanced view.
(iii) Merit- It voices different views and criticises
government for its failures or wrong policies.
Demerit- In many cases, opposition party tends
to hinder the work of ruling party which can led
to delay in important decision-making.
35. Read the given extract and answer the following
questions.
Mahatma Gandhi declared Vinoba Bhave as his
spiritual heir. He also participated in Satyagraha as
one of the foremost satyagrahis. He was one of the
votaries of Gandhi’s concept of gram swarajya. After
Gandhiji’s martyrdom, Vinoba Bhave undertook
padyatra to spread Gandhiji’s message covered almost
the entire country.
Once, when he was delivering a lecture at Pochafnpalli
in Andhra Pradesh, some poor landless villagers
demanded some land for their economic well-being.
Vinoba Bhave could not promise it to them immediately
but assured them to talk to the Government of India
regarding provision of land for them if they undertook
cooperative farming.
Suddenly, Shri Ram Chandra Reddy stood up and
offered 80 acres of land to be distributed among 80
land-less villagers. This act was known as ‘Bhoodan’.
Later he travelled and introduced his ideas widely all
over India. Some zamindars, owners of many villages
offered to distribute some villages among the landless.
It was known as Gramdan. However, many land-
CBSE Social Science Class 10
owners chose to provide some part of their land to the
poor farmers due to the fear of land ceiling act. This
Bhoodan-Gramdan movement initiated by Vinoba
Bhave is also known as the Blood-less Revolution.
(i) With what objective ‘Padyatra’ was started by
Vinoba Bhave?
(ii) What is meant by Land Ceiling Act?
(iii) Analyse the reasons why Bhoodan-Gramdan
movement is also known as the Blood-less
Revolution.


Ans :
(i) It was started to spread Gandhiji’s message of
gram swarajya in the entire country.
(ii) This Act states that a person will hold the
maximum area limit of the land. If a person
holding more than the maximum limit that land
was taken away from him/her by the Government
of India.
(iii) (a) There was no scope for violence in any form
or at any level.
(b) Many zamindars and land-owners donated
their lands or villages voluntarily.
36. Read the source given below and answer the questions
that follows:
The Portuguese and Spanish conquest and colonisation
of America was decisively under way by the mid-
sixteenth century. European conquest was not just
a result of superior firepower. In fact, the most
powerful weapon of the Spanish conquerors was not a
conventional military weapon at all. It was the germs
such as those of smallpox that they carried on their
person. Because of their long isolation, America’s
original inhabitants had no immunity against
these diseases that came from Europe. Smallpox in
particular proved a deadly killer. Once introduced,
it spread deep into the continent, ahead even of any
Europeans reaching there. It killed and decimated
whole communities, paving the way for conquest.
(i) Which two nations were the earliest colonisers in
America?
(ii) What were some of the reasons due to which the
colonisers easily established their control over
several parts of America?
(iii) How smallpox turned into death of native people
of America?
Page 11 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

Ans :
(i) Portugal and Spain were the earliest nations that
colonised America around mid-sixteenth century.
(ii) The colonisers had superior firepower, military
weapons and many advanced materials. But their
most important weapon proved to be smallpox.
(iii) The Spanish conquerors transmitted the disease
of smallpox to a large number of the native people
in America which spread rapidly in the continent.
The native people did not have immunity towards
this disease and due to which there was death of
thousands of people because of this disease. It led
to the eradication of number of communities and
made the colonisation easier.

SECTION-F

Map Skill Based Question (Q 37a and 37b) 2+3=5
37. (a) Two places A and B have been marked on the
given outline map of India. Identify them on the
map and write their correct names on the line
drawn near them.
A. Jallianwala Bagh Incident
B. Calling of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
(b) On the same outline map of India, locate and label
any three of the following with suitable symbols.
C. Namrup Thermal Power Plant
D. Gandhinagar Software Technology Park
E. Tungabhadra dam
F. An International Airport in Delhi NCR.


Ans :
Page 12 Sample Paper 30 Solutions CBSE Social Science Class 10

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