PROBLEM OF OVER

POPULATION AND POPULATION

CONTROL
INTRODUCTION

Population is both the “means” and the “end” of economic activities. It is, therefore,
the most important factor of economic development.
Whereas population of a country on the one hand, may prove helpful in its economic
development; on the other hand, it may nullify all its attempts of economic
development.
Population and economic development

Population is closely related to economic development. Population influences economic

development and economic development influences population. Accordingly, study of
this problem will be done in two parts:
1. Impact of population on economic development,
2. Impact of economic development on population
 Impact of population on economic development
There is difference of opinion among economists regarding the effect of population on economic development. These
opinions are broadly classified into two categories:
Increase in population is a growth promoting factor,
Increase in population is an obstacle to economic development.

1. Increase in population is a growth promoting factor

Economic development of the country calls for utilisation of the available labour power of the country. It is usually
said, “manpower is the power of the nation” or “manpower is nation’s wealth.” Population may prove helpful to
economic development in the following ways:
1. Increase in production
2. Increase in labour supply
3. Increase in demand
4. Increase in labour productivity
2. Increase in population is an obstacle to economic development
Increase in population has proved an obstacle to the economic development of
underdeveloped countries. Increase in population is an obstacle to economic
development due to following reasons:
1. Low per capita income
2. Reduces the rate of capital formation
3. Food problem
4. Unemployment
5. Adverse effect on environment
Solution for population problem in India
Solution of the problem of population is based on two fundamental factors:
1. Growth rate of population of the country should be brought down.
2. Economic development of the country should be stepped up.
1.) decline in the growth rate of population
3. Late marriage
4. Spread of education
5. Urbanisation
6. Respectful position for women
7. Adoption
2.) promoting economic development
With a view to solving the qualitative problem of population, it is imperative that there
should be economic development of the country. That is the only effective way of catering
to the needs of ever rising population.
Economic development implies fuller and proper utilisation of natural resources. New
methods of production should be adopted in agriculture and industries.
Labourers be imparted technical training.
ECONOMIC PLANNING IN
INDIA
INTRODUCTION
Among the underdeveloped democratic countries of the world, India was the first
country that had chosen the path of planning for its development. Economic planning
refers to that process wherein 1.a central planning authority keeping in view the
resources of that country 2.makes an attempt to regulate economic factors 3.with a
view to achieve predetermined objectives within a specified period of time.
After Independence, India has launched a programme of five-year plans to make the
optimum use of countries available resources and to achieve rapid economic
development.
Five year plans
The five-year is a method of planning economic growth over limited
periods by the use of quotas.
Objectives of economic planning

Increase in national income and per capita income

Reduction in inequalities of income
Increase in employment
Development of infrastructure
Full utilisation of available resources
Achievements under economic planning
Economic development or increase in national income
Increase in per capita income
Development of industries
Increase in development
Modernisation
Production according to needs
By Aditya