1. SPM.2.SL.TZ0.

In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.

Bryan decides to purchase a new car with a price of €14 000, but cannot afford the full amount.
The car dealership offers two options to finance a loan.

Finance option A:

A 6 year loan at a nominal annual interest rate of 14 % compounded quarterly. No deposit

required and repayments are made each quarter.

(a.i) Find the repayment made each quarter.

[3]

Markscheme

N = 24
I % = 14
PV = −14000
FV = 0
P/Y = 4
C/Y = 4 (M1)(A1) Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in
their technology, award A1 for all entries correct. Accept PV = 14000. (€)871.82
A1 [3 marks]

(a.ii) Find the total amount paid for the car.

[2]

Markscheme

4 × 6 × 871.82 (M1) (€) 20923.68 A1 [2 marks]

(a.iii) Find the interest paid on the loan.

[2]

Markscheme

20923.68 − 14000 (M1) (€) 6923.68 A1 [2 marks]

Finance option B:

A 6 year loan at a nominal annual interest rate of 𝑟 % compounded monthly. Terms of the loan
require a 10 % deposit and monthly repayments of €250.

(b.i) Find the amount to be borrowed for this option.

 [2]

Markscheme

0.9 × 14000 (= 14000 − 0.10 × 14000) M1 (€) 12600.00 A1 [2 marks]

(b.ii) Find the annual interest rate, 𝑟.

[3]

Markscheme

N = 72 PV = 12600 PMT = −250 FV = 0 P/Y = 12 C/Y = 12 (M1)(A1) Note:

Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology, award A1 for
all entries correct. Accept PV = −12600 provided PMT = 250. 12.56(%) A1
[3 marks]

(c) State which option Bryan should choose. Justify your answer.

[2]

Markscheme

EITHER Bryan should choose Option A A1 no deposit is required R1

Note: Award R1 for stating that no deposit is required. Award A1 for the correct
choice from that fact. Do not award R0A1. OR Bryan should choose Option B
A1 cost of Option A (6923.69) > cost of Option B (72 × 250 − 12600 = 5400)
R1 Note: Award R1 for a correct comparison of costs. Award A1 for the correct
choice from that comparison. Do not award R0A1. [2 marks]

(d) Bryan’s car depreciates at an annual rate of 25 % per year.

Find the value of Bryan’s car six years after it is purchased.

[3]

Markscheme

25 6
14 000 (1 − 100) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for substitution into compound interest formula.
Award A1 for correct substitutions. = (€)2491.70 A1 OR N = 6 I% = −25 PV =
±14 000 P/Y = 1 C/Y = 1 (A1)(M1) Note: Award A1 for PV = ±14 000, M1 for
other entries correct. (€)2491.70 A1 [3 marks]

2. EXM.2.SL.TZ0.2
Sophie is planning to buy a house. She needs to take out a mortgage for $120000. She is
considering two possible options.

Option 1: Repay the mortgage over 20 years, at an annual interest rate of 5%, compounded
annually.

Option 2: Pay $1000 every month, at an annual interest rate of 6%, compounded annually, until
the loan is fully repaid.

(a.i) Calculate the monthly repayment using option 1.

[2]

Markscheme

evidence of using Finance solver on GDC M1 Monthly payment = $785

($784.60) A1 [2 marks]

(a.ii) Calculate the total amount Sophie would pay, using option 1.

[2]

Markscheme

240 × 785 = $188000 M1A1

[2 marks]

(b.i) Calculate the number of months it will take to repay the mortgage using option 2.

[3]

Markscheme

𝑁 = 180.7 M1A1
It will take 181 months A1 [3 marks]

(b.ii) Calculate the total amount Sophie would pay, using option 2.

[2]

Markscheme

181 × 1000 = $ 181000 M1A1

[2 marks]

Give a reason why Sophie might choose

(c.i) option 1.
 [1]

Markscheme

The monthly repayment is lower, she might not be able to afford $1000 per month.
R1 [1 mark]

(c.ii) option 2.

[1]

Markscheme

the total amount to repay is lower. R1 [1 mark]

Sophie decides to choose option 1. At the end of 10 years, the interest rate is changed to 7%,
compounded annually.

(d.i) Use your answer to part (a)(i) to calculate the amount remaining on her mortgage after the
first 10 years.

[2]

Markscheme

$74400 (accept $74300) M1A1 [2 marks]

(d.ii) Hence calculate her monthly repayment for the final 10 years.

[2]

Markscheme

Use of finance solver with N =120, PV = $74400, I = 7% A1 $855 (accept

$854 − $856) A1 [2 marks]

3. EXM.2.SL.TZ0.1

Paul wants to buy a car. He needs to take out a loan for $7000. The car salesman offers him a
loan with an interest rate of 8%, compounded annually. Paul considers two options to repay the
loan.

Option 1: Pay $200 each month, until the loan is fully repaid

Option 2: Make 24 equal monthly payments.

Use option 1 to calculate

(a.i) the number of months it will take for Paul to repay the loan.

[3]

Markscheme

evidence of using Finance solver on GDC M1

𝑁 = 39.8 A1
It will take 40 months A1 [3 marks]

(a.ii) the total amount that Paul has to pay.

[2]

Markscheme

40 × 200 = $8000 M1A1

[2 marks]

Use option 2 to calculate

(b.i) the amount Paul pays each month.

[2]

Markscheme

Monthly payment = $316 ($315.70) M1A1 [2 marks]

(b.ii) the total amount that Paul has to pay.

[2]

Markscheme

24 × 315.7 = $7580 ($7576.80) M1A1

[2 marks]

Give a reason why Paul might choose

(c.i) option 1.

[1]

Markscheme
 The monthly repayment is lower, he might not be able to afford $316 per month.
R1 [1 mark]

(c.ii) option 2.

[1]

Markscheme

the total amount to repay is lower. R1 [1 mark]

4. 23M.2.SL.TZ1.5

A large closed container, in the shape of a half cylinder with a rectangular lid, is to be
constructed with a volume of 0.8 𝑚3. The container has a length of 𝑙 metres and a radius of 𝑟
metres.

diagram not to scale

(a) Find an exact expression for 𝑙 in terms of 𝑟 and 𝜋.

[2]

Markscheme
 1
equating a volume of a half cylinder (or cylinder) to 0.8 (M1) 0.8 = 2 𝜋𝑟 2 𝑙 𝑙 =
1.6
𝜋𝑟 2
A1 Note: Do not accept decimal approximation of 𝜋 for the A1 given
the demand of question. Condone the use of ℎ for 𝑙 for the M1 [2 marks]

The container will be constructed using two different materials. The material for both the curved
surface and the rectangular lid of the container costs $4.40 per square metre. The material for
the semicircular ends of the container costs $𝑝 per square metre.

The cost, 𝐶, of the materials to construct the container can be written in terms of 𝑟 and 𝑝 (where
𝑝 > 0 and 𝑟 > 0).
14.08 −1
(b) Show that 𝐶 = 7.04𝑟 −1 + 𝑟 + 𝑝𝜋𝑟 2 .
𝜋

[4]

Markscheme

calculating area in terms of 𝑟 and 𝑙 M1 𝐶 = 2𝑙𝑟 + 𝜋𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝑟𝑙 area with 𝑙

1.6
replaced by 𝜋𝑟2 M1 apply costs to correct part of each surface M1 a
correct substitution into an expression for 𝐶, leading to given answer A1
1.6 1.6 2 −1 14.08 −1
e.g. (𝐶 =) 4.40 × 𝜋𝑟 (𝜋𝑟2 ) + 4.40 × 2𝑟 (𝜋𝑟2 ) + 𝑝 × 𝜋𝑟 (𝐶 =) 7.04𝑟 + 𝜋 𝑟 +
𝑝𝜋𝑟 2 AG Note: The AG line must be seen to award the final A1. No
incorrect working should be seen after the correct substitution [4 marks]

𝑑𝐶
(c) Find 𝑑𝑟
.

[3]

Markscheme

𝑑𝐶 14.08
EITHER ( 𝑑𝑟 =) − 7.04𝑟 −2 − 𝜋 𝑟 −2 + 2𝑝𝜋𝑟 A1A1A1 OR −7.04𝑟 −2 −
4.48𝑟 −2 + 6.28𝑝𝑟 (−7.04𝑟 −2 − (4.48180 … )𝑟 −2 + 6.28318 … 𝑝𝑟) A1A1A1
OR −11.5𝑟 −2 + 6.28𝑝𝑟 ((−11.5218 … )𝑟 −2 + 6.28318 … 𝑝𝑟) A2A1 Note:
Award A1 for each correct term. Award at most A1A1A0 if extra terms are seen.
[3 marks]

The cost of materials to construct the container is minimized when the radius of the container, 𝑟,
is 0.7 𝑚.

(d) Find the value of 𝑝.

[3]

Markscheme
 𝑑𝐶
recognition of setting 𝑑𝑟 to zero (M1) attempt to substitute 0.7 in for 𝑟 in their
−2 14.08
derivative (M1) 0 = −7.04(0.7) − × (0.7)−2 + 2𝑝𝜋 × 0.7 (𝑝 =) ($)5.35
𝜋
(per square metre) (($) 5.34621 … ) A1 Note: Accept $5.34, as this will also
lead to a radius of 0.7 (to 3sf). [3 marks]

In total, 350 containers will be constructed at this minimum cost.

(e) Calculate the cost of materials, to the nearest dollar, to construct all 350 containers.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to calculate the cost of one container (M1) (𝐶 =) 7.04(0.7)−1 +

14.08
(0.7)−1 + 5.34621 … 𝜋 × 0.72 (A1) Note: May be shown within a
𝜋
calculation of the cost of all containers. (𝐶 =) 24.6895 … 24.6895 … × 350 =
($) 8641 A1 Note: Answer must be rounded to the nearest dollar to award
the final A1.

Accept answers between 8641 and 8645 (inclusive), due to rounding the value of
𝑝 and/or the cost of one container to the nearest cent. Award (M1)(A1)A0 for an
answer rounded to 3sf (e.g. ($)8640) or to 2dp (e.g., ($)8641.35). Accept an
answer of ($)8638 from use of $5.34 in their cost calculation. [3 marks]

The materials for constructing the containers can be purchased at a discount according to the
information in the table.

Cost of materials ($𝐂) Discount applied to

before discount entire order

1000 ≤ 𝐶 < 2500 1%

2500 ≤ 𝐶 < 5000 4%

5000 ≤ 𝐶 < 10 000 8%

𝐶 ≥ 10 000 10%

(f) Determine the cost of materials for 350 containers after the discount is applied.

[2]

Markscheme
 attempt to apply a discount of 8% to their part (e) (M1) Note: the discount
percentage will depend on their answer to part (e) e.g. 8641.35 … × 0.92 OR
8641.35 … × 0.08 ($)7950 (($)7950.04 … ) A1 [2 marks]

5. 23M.2.SL.TZ2.2

Daina makes pendulums to sell at a market. She plans to make 10 pendulums on the first day
and, on each subsequent day, make 6 more than she did the day before.

(a) Calculate the number of pendulums she would make on the 12𝑡ℎ day.

[3]

Markscheme

recognizing arithmetic sequence (may be seen in part (b)) (M1) (𝑢12 =) 10 +

(12 − 1) × 6 (A1) 76 A1 [3 marks]

She plans to make pendulums for a total of 15 days in preparation for going to the market.

(b) Calculate the total number of pendulums she would have available at the market.

[2]

Markscheme
15
correct substitution into either arithmetic series formula (A1) (𝑆15 =) 2
(2 ×
15
10 + (15 − 1) × 6) OR (𝑆15 =) (10 + 94) 780 A1 [2 marks]
2

Daina would like to have at least 1000 pendulums available to sell at the market and therefore
decides to increase her production. She still plans to make 10 pendulums on the first day, but on
each subsequent day, she will make 𝑥 more than she did the day before.

(c) Given that she will still make pendulums for a total of 15 days, calculate the minimum integer
value of 𝑥 required for her to reach her target.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to use either arithmetic series formula equated to 1000 (M1)

15 15
(2 × 10 + (15 − 1) × 𝑥) = 1000 OR (10 + 𝑢15 ) = 1000 𝑥 = 8.09523 …
2 2
(A1) 𝑥 = 9 A1 Note: Follow through within question part for final A1 for
candidates correctly rounding their value of 𝑥 up to the nearest integer. Award
(M0)(A0)A0 for a response of 𝑥 = 8 with no working shown. [3 marks]
Daina tests one of her pendulums. She releases the ball at the end of the pendulum to swing
freely. The point at which she releases it is shown as the initial position on the left side of the
following diagram. Daina begins recording the distances travelled by the ball after it has reached
the extreme position, represented by the right-hand side of the diagram.

diagram not to scale

On each successive swing, the distance that the ball travelled was 95% of its previous distance.
During the first swing that Daina recorded, the ball travelled a distance of 17.1 𝑐𝑚. During the
second swing that she recorded, it travelled a distance of 16.245 𝑐𝑚.

(d) Calculate the distance that the ball travelled during the 5𝑡ℎ recorded swing.

[3]

Markscheme

recognizing geometric sequence (may be seen in part (e)) (M1) 17.1 ×

5−1
0.95 (A1) 13.9 (𝑐𝑚) (13.9280 … ) A1 [3 marks]

(e) Calculate the total distance that the ball travelled during the first 16 recorded swings.

[2]
 Markscheme

17.1(1−0.9516 )
correct substitution into geometric series formula (A1)
1−0.95
191 (𝑐𝑚) (191.476 … (𝑐𝑚)) A1 [2 marks]

(f) Calculate the distance that the ball travelled before Daina started recording.

[2]

Markscheme

correct method to find 𝑢0 (M1) 𝑢0 = 17.1 × (0.95)0−1 OR 17.1 = 0.95𝑥 OR

17.1
(seen) Note: Award (M0)A0 for any attempt to find answer using 0.05 or
0.95
1.05. 18 (𝑐𝑚) A1 [2 marks]

6. 23M.2.SL.TZ2.3

A scientist is conducting an experiment on the growth of a certain species of bacteria.

The population of the bacteria, 𝑃, can be modelled by the function

𝑃(𝑡) = 1200 × 𝑘 𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0,

where 𝑡 is the number of hours since the experiment began, and 𝑘 is a positive constant.

(a.i) Write down the value of 𝑃(0).

[1]

Markscheme

1200 A1 [1 mark]

(a.ii) Interpret what this value means in this context.

[1]

Markscheme

the initial population of the bacteria A1 [1 mark]

3 hours after the experiment began, the population of the bacteria is 18 750.

(b) Find the value of 𝑘.

[2]
 Markscheme

1200 × 𝑘 3 = 18750 (A1) (𝑘 =) 2.5 A1 [2 marks]

(c) Find the population of the bacteria 1 hour and 30 minutes after the experiment began.

[2]

Markscheme

1200 × 2.51.5 (A1) 4740 (4743.41 … ) A1 Note: Do not penalize if final

answer is not given as an integer. Award (A1)A0 for an answer of
3950 (3949.14 … ) from use of 1.3 in the exponent, but only if working is shown.
[2 marks]

The scientist conducts a second experiment with a different species of bacteria.

The population of this bacteria, 𝑆 , can be modelled by the function

𝑆(𝑡) = 5000 × 1.65𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0,

where 𝑡 is the number of hours since both experiments began.

(d) Find the value of 𝑡 when the two populations of bacteria are equal.

[2]

Markscheme

equating 𝑃(𝑡) and 𝑆(𝑡) OR equating each function to a common variable

(M1) 1200 × 2.5𝑡 = 5000 × 1.65𝑡 ; 1200 × 2.5𝑡 = 𝑥 and 5000 × 1.65𝑡 = 𝑥 𝑡 =
3.43 (ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) (3.43456 … ) A1 [2 marks]

It takes 2 hours and 𝑚 minutes for the number of bacteria in the second experiment to reach
19 000.

(e) Find the value of 𝑚, giving your answer as an integer value.

[4]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 5000 × 1.65𝑡 = 19000 (M1) (𝑡 =) 2.66586 … OR (𝑡 −

2 =) 0.66586 … (seen) (A1) multiplying by 60 seen to convert to minutes
(M1)
(𝑚 = 39.9521 … )
(𝑚 =) 40 (minutes) OR 2 hours and 40 minutes A1 METHOD 2 equating
𝑚
an expression for 𝑆(𝑡) to 19000 (M1) expressing 𝑡 as 2 + 60 (A1)
 𝑚
𝑚
5000 × 1.652+60 = 19000 2 + 60 = 2.66586 … A1 (𝑚 =) 40 (minutes) OR 2
hours and 40 minutes A1 Note: Award (M1)(A1)(M1)A0 for an answer of
39.9521 … or 39 with or without working. [4 marks]

The bacteria in the second experiment are growing inside a container. The scientist models the
volume of each bacterium in the second experiment to be 1 × 10−18 𝑚3, and the available
volume inside the container is 2.1 × 10−5 𝑚3.

(f) Determine how long it would take for the bacteria to fill the container.

[3]

Markscheme

EITHER (find volume of all bacteria) multiplying total population of bacteria by

the volume of bacterium (M1) 1 × 10−18 × (5000 × 1.65𝑡 ) setting expression
−5
equal to 2.1 × 10 and attempt to solve (e.g. sketch) (M1) OR (find total
number of bacteria to fill container) attempting to find the total number of
2.1×10−5
bacteria to fill container (M1) 2.1 × 10−5 = 𝑛 × 1 × 10−18 OR 1×10−18 OR
2.1 × 1013 setting value equal to 𝑆(𝑡) and attempt to solve (e.g. sketch) (M1)
2.1×10−5
Note: If 1×10−18 is seen but candidate has an incorrect total number of bacteria,
the second (M1) can still be awarded for setting their incorrect value equal to
𝑆(𝑡) and attempting to solve. THEN 𝑡 = 44.2 (ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) (44.2480 … ) A1 [3
marks]

7. 23M.2.SL.TZ2.2

Daina makes pendulums to sell at a market. She plans to make 10 pendulums on the first day
and, on each subsequent day, make 6 more than she did the day before.

(a) Calculate the number of pendulums she would make on the 12𝑡ℎ day.

[3]

Markscheme

recognizing arithmetic sequence (may be seen in part (b)) (M1) (𝑢12 =) 10 +

(12 − 1) × 6 (A1) 76 A1 [3 marks]

She plans to make pendulums for a total of 15 days in preparation for going to the market.

(b) Calculate the total number of pendulums she would have available at the market.

[2]

Markscheme
 15
correct substitution into either arithmetic series formula (A1) (𝑆15 =) 2
(2 ×
15
10 + (15 − 1) × 6) OR (𝑆15 =) (10 + 94) 780 A1 [2 marks]
2

Daina would like to have at least 1000 pendulums available to sell at the market and therefore
decides to increase her production. She still plans to make 10 pendulums on the first day, but on
each subsequent day, she will make 𝑥 more than she did the day before.

(c) Given that she will still make pendulums for a total of 15 days, calculate the minimum integer
value of 𝑥 required for her to reach her target.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to use either arithmetic series formula equated to 1000 (M1)

15 15
(2 × 10 + (15 − 1) × 𝑥) = 1000 OR (10 + 𝑢15 ) = 1000 𝑥 = 8.09523 …
2 2
(A1) 𝑥 = 9 A1 Note: Follow through within question part for final A1 for
candidates correctly rounding their value of 𝑥 up to the nearest integer. Award
(M0)(A0)A0 for a response of 𝑥 = 8 with no working shown. [3 marks]

Daina tests one of her pendulums. She releases the ball at the end of the pendulum to swing
freely. The point at which she releases it is shown as the initial position on the left side of the
following diagram. Daina begins recording the distances travelled by the ball after it has reached
the extreme position, represented by the right-hand side of the diagram.

diagram not to scale

On each successive swing, the distance that the ball travelled was 95% of its previous distance.
During the first swing that Daina recorded, the ball travelled a distance of 17.1 𝑐𝑚. During the
second swing that she recorded, it travelled a distance of 16.245 𝑐𝑚.

(d) Calculate the distance that the ball travelled during the 5𝑡ℎ recorded swing.

[3]

Markscheme

recognizing geometric sequence (may be seen in part (e)) (M1) 17.1 ×

0.955−1 (A1) 13.9 (𝑐𝑚) (13.9280 … ) A1 [3 marks]

(e) Calculate the total distance that the ball travelled during the first 16 recorded swings.

[2]

Markscheme

17.1(1−0.9516 )
correct substitution into geometric series formula (A1) 1−0.95
191 (𝑐𝑚) (191.476 … (𝑐𝑚)) A1 [2 marks]
 (f) Calculate the distance that the ball travelled before Daina started recording.

[2]

Markscheme

correct method to find 𝑢0 (M1) 𝑢0 = 17.1 × (0.95)0−1 OR 17.1 = 0.95𝑥 OR

17.1
0.95
(seen) Note: Award (M0)A0 for any attempt to find answer using 0.05 or
1.05. 18 (𝑐𝑚) A1 [2 marks]

8. 22N.2.SL.TZ0.5

Linda owns a field, represented by the shaded region 𝑅. The plan view of the field is shown in
the following diagram, where both axes represent distance and are measured in metres.

The segments [AB], [CD] and [AD] respectively represent the western, eastern and southern
boundaries of the field. The function, 𝑓(𝑥), models the northern boundary of the field between
points B and C and is given by
−𝑥 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 50
+ 2𝑥 + 30, for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 70.

(a.i) Find 𝑓′(𝑥).

 [2]

Markscheme

−2𝑥 −𝑥
𝑓′(𝑥) = 50
+ 2 (= 25
+ 2, −0.04𝑥 + 2) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for each correct term. Award at most A0A1 if extra terms are
seen.

[2 marks]

(a.ii) Hence find the coordinates of the point on the field that is furthest north.

[3]

Markscheme
−𝑥
0 = 25 + 2 OR sketch of 𝑓′(𝑥) with 𝑥-intercept indicated M1
𝑥 = 50 A1
𝑦 = 80 A1
(50, 80)

Note: Award M0A0A1 for the coordinate (50, 80) seen either with no working or
found from a graph of 𝑓(𝑥).

[3 marks]

Point A has coordinates (0, 0), point B has coordinates (0, 30), point C has coordinates
(70, 72) and point D has coordinates (70, 0).

(b.i) Write down the integral which can be used to find the area of the shaded region 𝑅.

[2]

Markscheme

70 −𝑥 2
∫0 50
+ 2𝑥 + 30 𝑑𝑥 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for a correct integral, A1 for correct limits in the correct location.
Award at most A0A1 if 𝑑𝑥 is omitted.

[2 marks]

(b.ii) Find the area of Linda’s field.

[2]
 Markscheme

14140
(Area =) 4710 m2 (4713.33 … , 3
) A2

[2 marks]

Linda used the trapezoidal rule with ten intervals to estimate the area. This calculation
underestimated the area by 11.4 m2 .

(c.i) Calculate the percentage error in Linda’s estimate.

[2]

Markscheme

11.4 4701.93…−4713.33…
4713.33…
× 100% OR | 4713.33…
| × 100% (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into the percentage error formula.

0.242% (0.241867 … %) A1

Note: Percentage sign is required. Accept 0.242038 … % if 4710 is used.

[2 marks]

(c.ii) Suggest how Linda might be able to reduce the error whilst still using the trapezoidal rule.

[1]

Markscheme

EITHER
reduce the width of the intervals (trapezoids) A1
OR
increase the number of intervals (trapezoids) A1

Note: Accept equivalent statements. Award A0 for the ambiguous answer

“increase the intervals”.

[1 mark]

Linda would like to construct a building on her field. The square foundation of the building,
EFGH, will be located such that [EH] is on the southern boundary and point F is on the northern
boundary of the property. A possible location of the foundation of the building is shown in the
following diagram.
The area of the square foundation will be largest when [GH] lies on [CD].

(d.i) Find the 𝑥-coordinate of point E for the largest area of the square foundation of building
EFGH.

[3]

Markscheme

−𝑥 2
width of the square is 70 − 𝑥 OR the length of the square is 50
+ 2𝑥 + 30
(M1)

−𝑥 2
Note: Award (M1) for 70 − 𝑥 seen anywhere. Accept 50 + 2𝑥 + 30 but only if this
expression is explicitly identified as a dimension of the square.

in term of 𝑥, equating the length to the width ED (M1)

−𝑥 2
+ 2𝑥 + 30 = 70 − 𝑥
50
(𝑥 = 14.7920 … or 135.21)
(𝑥 =) 14.8 m (14.7920 … ) A1

Note: Award M0M0A0 for an unsupported answer of 15. Award at most M1M0A0
for an approach which leads to 𝐴′(𝑥) = 0. This will lead to a square base which
 extends beyond the east boundary of the property. Similar for any solution where
F is not on the northern boundary, or GH is not on the east boundary.

[3 marks]

(d.ii) Find the largest area of the foundation.

[2]

Markscheme

EITHER
(70 − 14.7920 … )2 (M1)

OR
(55.2079 … )2 (M1)

OR
2
−(14.7920… )2
( + 2(14.7920 … ) + 30) (M1)
50

THEN
(Area =) 3050 m2 (3047.92 … ) A1

Note: Follow through from part (d)(i), provided 𝑥 is between 0 and 70. Award at
most M1A0 if their answer is outside the range of their [0, 4713.33 … ] from part
(b).

[2 marks]

9. 22M.2.SL.TZ1.2

Eddie decides to construct a path across his rectangular grass lawn using pairs of tiles.

Each tile is 10 cm wide and 20 cm long. The following diagrams show the path after Eddie has
laid one pair and three pairs of tiles. This pattern continues until Eddie reaches the other side of
his lawn. When 𝑛 pairs of tiles are laid, the path has a width of 𝑤𝑛 centimetres and a length 𝑙𝑛
centimetres.

The following diagrams show this pattern for one pair of tiles and for three pairs of tiles, where
the white space around each diagram represents Eddie’s lawn.
The following table shows the values of 𝑤𝑛 and 𝑙𝑛 for the first three values of 𝑛.

Find the value of

(a.i) 𝑎.

[1]

Markscheme

30 A1

[1 mark]

(a.ii) 𝑏.

[1]
 Markscheme

40 A1

[1 mark]

Write down an expression in terms of 𝑛 for

(b.i) 𝑤𝑛 .

[2]

Markscheme

arithmetic formula chosen (M1)

𝑤𝑛 = 20 + (𝑛 − 1)10 (= 10 + 10𝑛) A1

[2 marks]

(b.ii) 𝑙𝑛 .

[1]

Markscheme

arithmetic formula chosen

𝑙𝑛 = 30 + (𝑛 − 1)10 (= 20 + 10𝑛) A1

[1 mark]

Eddie’s lawn has a length 740 cm.

(c.i) Show that Eddie needs 144 tiles.

[2]

Markscheme

740 = 30 + (𝑛 − 1)10 OR 740 = 20 − 10𝑛 M1

𝑛 = 72 A1
144 tiles AG

Note: The AG line must be stated for the final A1 to be awarded.

[2 marks]

(c.ii) Find the value of 𝑤𝑛 for this path.

 [1]

Markscheme

𝑤72 = 730 A1

[1 mark]

(d) Find the total area of the tiles in Eddie’s path. Give your answer in the form 𝑎 × 10𝑘 where
1 ≤ 𝑎 < 10 and 𝑘 is an integer.

[3]

Markscheme

(10 × 20) × 144 (M1)

= 28800 (A1)
2.88 × 104 cm2 A1

Note: Follow through within the question for correctly converting their
intermediate value into standard form (but only if the pre-conversion value is
seen).

[3 marks]

The tiles cost $24.50 per square metre and are sold in packs of five tiles.

(e) Find the cost of a single pack of five tiles.

[3]

Markscheme

EITHER
1 square metre = 100 cm × 100 cm (M1)
(so, 50 tiles) and hence 10 packs of tiles in a square metre (A1)
$24.50
(so each pack is 10 packs)

OR
area covered by one pack of tiles is (0.2 m × 0.1 m × 5 =) 0.1 m2 (A1)
24.5 × 0.1 (M1)

THEN
$2.45 per pack (of 5 tiles) A1

[3 marks]

To allow for breakages Eddie wants to have at least 8% more tiles than he needs.
 (f) Find the minimum number of packs of tiles Eddie will need to order.

[3]

Markscheme
1.08×144
(= 31.104) (M1)(M1)
5

Note: Award M1 for correct numerator, M1 for correct denominator.

32 (packs of tiles) A1

[3 marks]

There is a fixed delivery cost of $35.

(g) Find the total cost for Eddie’s order.

[2]

Markscheme

35 + (32 × 2.45) (M1)

$113 (113.4) A1

[2 marks]

10. 22M.2.SL.TZ1.1

Boris recorded the number of daylight hours on the first day of each month in a northern
hemisphere town.

This data was plotted onto a scatter diagram. The points were then joined by a smooth curve,
with minimum point (0, 8) and maximum point (6, 16) as shown in the following diagram.
Let the curve in the diagram be 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑡), where 𝑡 is the time, measured in months, since Boris
first recorded these values.

Boris thinks that 𝑓(𝑡) might be modelled by a quadratic function.

(a) Write down one reason why a quadratic function would not be a good model for the number
of hours of daylight per day, across a number of years.

[1]

Markscheme

EITHER
annual cycle for daylight length R1
OR
there is a minimum length for daylight (cannot be negative) R1
OR
a quadratic could not have a maximum and a minimum or equivalent R1

Note: Do not accept “Paula's model is better”.

[1 mark]

Paula thinks that a better model is 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑎 cos(𝑏𝑡) + 𝑑, 𝑡 ≥ 0, for specific values of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑑.

For Paula’s model, use the diagram to write down

(b.i) the amplitude.

[1]

Markscheme
 4 A1

[1 mark]

(b.ii) the period.

[1]

Markscheme

12 A1

[1 mark]

(b.iii) the equation of the principal axis.

[2]

Markscheme

𝑦 = 12 A1A1

Note: Award A1 “𝑦 = (a constant)” and A1 for that constant being 12.

[2 marks]

(c) Hence or otherwise find the equation of this model in the form:

𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑎 cos(𝑏𝑡) + 𝑑

[3]

Markscheme

𝑓(𝑡) = −4 cos(30𝑡) + 12 OR 𝑓(𝑡) = −4 cos(−30𝑡) + 12 A1A1A1

Note: Award A1 for 𝑏 = 30 (or 𝑏 = −30), A1 for 𝑎 = −4, and A1 for 𝑑 = 12. Award
at most A1A1A0 if extra terms are seen or form is incorrect. Award at most
A1A1A0 if 𝑥 is used instead of 𝑡.

[3 marks]

(d) For the first year of the model, find the length of time when there are more than 10 hours and
30 minutes of daylight per day.

[4]
 Markscheme

10.5 = −4 cos(30𝑡) + 12 (M1)

EITHER
𝑡1 = 2.26585 … , 𝑡2 = 9.73414 … (A1)(A1)

OR
1 3
𝑡1 = 30 cos−1 8 (A1)
𝑡2 = 12 − 𝑡1 (A1)

THEN
9.73414 … − 2.26585 …
7.47 (7.46828 … ) months (0.622356 … years) A1

Note: Award M1A1A1A0 for an unsupported answer of 7.46. If there is only one
intersection point, award M1A1A0A0.

[4 marks]

The true maximum number of daylight hours was 16 hours and 14 minutes.

(e) Calculate the percentage error in the maximum number of daylight hours Boris recorded in
the diagram.

[3]

Markscheme
14
16−|16+ |
60
| 14 | × 100% (M1)(M1)
16+
60

Note: Award M1 for correct values and absolute value signs, M1 for × 100.

= 1.44% (1.43737 … %) A1

[3 marks]

11. 22M.2.SL.TZ2.2

Scott purchases food for his dog in large bags and feeds the dog the same amount of dog food
each day. The amount of dog food left in the bag at the end of each day can be modelled by an
arithmetic sequence.

On a particular day, Scott opened a new bag of dog food and fed his dog. By the end of the third
day there were 115.5 cups of dog food remaining in the bag and at the end of the eighth day
there were 108 cups of dog food remaining in the bag.

Find the number of cups of dog food

(a.i) fed to the dog per day.

[3]

Markscheme

EITHER
115.5 = 𝑢1 + (3 − 1) × 𝑑 (115.5 = 𝑢1 + 2𝑑)
108 = 𝑢1 + (8 − 1) × 𝑑 (108 = 𝑢1 + 7𝑑) (M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for attempting to use the arithmetic sequence term formula, A1
for both equations correct. Working for M1 and A1 can be found in parts (i) or (ii).

(𝑑 = −1.5)
1.5 (cups/day) A1

Note: Answer must be written as a positive value to award A1.

OR
115.5−108
(𝑑 =) (M1)(A1)
5

Note: Award M1 for attempting a calculation using the difference between term 3
and term 8; A1 for a correct substitution.

(𝑑 =) 1.5 (cups/day) A1

[3 marks]

(a.ii) remaining in the bag at the end of the first day.

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑢1 =) 118.5 (cups) A1

[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the number of days that Scott can feed his dog with one bag of food.

[2]

Markscheme

attempting to substitute their values into the term formula for arithmetic sequence
equated to zero (M1)
0 = 118.5 + (𝑛 − 1) × (−1.5)
(𝑛 =) 80 days A1

Note: Follow through from part (a) only if their answer is positive.
 [2 marks]

In 2021, Scott spent $625 on dog food. Scott expects that the amount he spends on dog food
will increase at an annual rate of 6.4%.

(c) Determine the amount that Scott expects to spend on dog food in 2025. Round your answer
to the nearest dollar.

[3]

Markscheme

(𝑡5 =) 625 × 1.064(5−1) (M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for attempting to use the geometric sequence term formula; A1
for a correct substitution

$801 A1

Note: The answer must be rounded to a whole number to award the final A1.

[3 marks]

10
(d.i) Calculate the value of Σ (625 × 1.064(𝑛−1) ).
𝑛=1

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑆10 =) ($) 8390 (8394.39 … ) A1

[1 mark]

(d.ii) Describe what the value in part (d)(i) represents in this context.

[2]

Markscheme

EITHER
the total cost (of dog food) R1
for 10 years beginning in 2021 OR 10 years before 2031 R1

OR
the total cost (of dog food) R1
from 2021 to 2030 (inclusive) OR from 2021 to (the start of) 2031 R1
 [2 marks]

(e) Comment on the appropriateness of modelling this scenario with a geometric sequence.

[1]

Markscheme

EITHER
According to the model, the cost of dog food per year will eventually be too high to
keep a dog.
OR
The model does not necessarily consider changes in inflation rate.
OR
The model is appropriate as long as inflation increases at a similar rate.
OR
The model does not account for changes in the amount of food the dog eats as it
ages/becomes ill/stops growing.
OR
The model is appropriate since dog food bags can only be bought in discrete
quantities. R1

Note: Accept reasonable answers commenting on the appropriateness of the

model for the specific scenario. There should be a reference to the given context.
A reference to the geometric model must be clear: either “model” is mentioned
specifically, or other mathematical terms such as “increasing” or “discrete
quantities” are seen. Do not accept a contextual argument in isolation, e.g. “The
dog will eventually die”.

[1 mark]

12. 21N.2.SL.TZ0.2

The admissions team at a new university are trying to predict the number of student applications
they will receive each year.

Let 𝑛 be the number of years that the university has been open. The admissions team collect the
following data for the first two years.

(a) Calculate the percentage increase in applications from the first year to the second year.

[2]
 Markscheme
12 669−12 300
× 100 (M1)
12 300
3% A1

[2 marks]

It is assumed that the number of students that apply to the university each year will follow
a geometric sequence, 𝑢𝑛 .

(b.i) Write down the common ratio of the sequence.

[1]

Markscheme

1.03 A1

Note: Follow through from part (a).

[1 mark]

(b.ii) Find an expression for 𝑢𝑛 .

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑢𝑛 =) 12 300 × 1.03𝑛−1 A1

[1 mark]

(b.iii) Find the number of student applications the university expects to receive when 𝑛 = 11.
Express your answer to the nearest integer.

[2]

Markscheme

(𝑢11 =) 12 300 × 1.0310 (M1)

16530 A1

Note: Answer must be to the nearest integer. Do not accept 16500.

[2 marks]
In the first year there were 10 380 places at the university available for applicants. The
admissions team announce that the number of places available will increase by 600 every year.

Let 𝑣𝑛 represent the number of places available at the university in year 𝑛.

(c) Write down an expression for 𝑣𝑛 .

[2]

Markscheme

(𝑣𝑛 =) 10380 + 600(𝑛 − 1) OR 600𝑛 + 9780 M1A1

Note: Award M1 for substituting into arithmetic sequence formula, A1 for correct
substitution.

[2 marks]

For the first 10 years that the university is open, all places are filled. Students who receive
a place each pay an $80 acceptance fee.

(d) Calculate the total amount of acceptance fees paid to the university in the first 10 years.

[3]

Markscheme
10
80 × (2(10380) + 9(600)) (M1)(M1)
2

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying by 80 and (M1) for substitution into sum of
arithmetic sequence formula.

$10 500 000 ($10 464 000) A1

[3 marks]

When 𝑛 = 𝑘, the number of places available will, for the first time, exceed the number
of students applying.

(e) Find 𝑘.

[3]

Markscheme

12 300 × 1.03𝑛−1 < 10 380 + 600(𝑛 − 1) or equivalent (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for equating their expressions from parts (b) and (c).

EITHER
 graph showing 𝑦 = 12 300 × 1.03𝑛−1 and 𝑦 = 10 380 + 600(𝑛 − 1) (M1)
OR
graph showing 𝑦 = 12 300 × 1.03𝑛−1 − (10 380 + 600(𝑛 − 1)) (M1)
OR
list of values including, (𝑢𝑛= ) 17537 and (𝑣𝑛= ) 17580 (M1)
OR
12.4953 … from graphical method or solving numerical equality (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for a valid attempt to solve.

THEN
(𝑘 =)13 A1

[3 marks]

(f) State whether, for all 𝑛 > 𝑘, the university will have places available for all applicants. Justify
your answer.

[2]

Markscheme

this will not guarantee enough places. A1

EITHER
A written statement that 𝑢𝑛 > 𝑣𝑛 , with range of 𝑛. R1
Example: “when 𝑛 = 24 (or greater), the number of applications will exceed the
number of places again” (“𝑢𝑛 > 𝑣𝑛 , 𝑛 ≥ 24”).

OR
exponential growth will always exceed linear growth R1

Note: Accept an equivalent sketch. Do not award A1R0.

[2 marks]

13. 22N.2.SL.TZ0.4

At Mirabooka Primary School, a survey found that 68% of students have a dog and 36%
of students have a cat. 14% of students have both a dog and a cat.

This information can be represented in the following Venn diagram, where 𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝 and
𝑞 represent the percentage of students within each region.
Find the value of

(a.i) 𝑚.

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑚 =) 54% A1

Note: Based on their 𝑛, follow through for parts (i) and (iii), but only if it does not
contradict the given information. Follow through for part (iv) but only if the total
is 100%.

[1 mark]

(a.ii) 𝑛.

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑛 =) 14% A1

Note: Based on their 𝑛, follow through for parts (i) and (iii), but only if it does not
contradict the given information. Follow through for part (iv) but only if the total
is 100%.

[1 mark]

(a.iii) 𝑝.

[1]

Markscheme
 (𝑝 =) 22% A1

Note: Based on their 𝑛, follow through for parts (i) and (iii), but only if it does not
contradict the given information. Follow through for part (iv) but only if the total
is 100%.

[1 mark]

(a.iv) 𝑞.

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑞 =) 10% A1

Note: Based on their 𝑛, follow through for parts (i) and (iii), but only if it does not
contradict the given information. Follow through for part (iv) but only if the total is
100%.

[1 mark]

(b) Find the percentage of students who have a dog or a cat or both.

[1]

Markscheme

90 (%) A1

Note: Award A0 for a decimal answer.

[1 mark]

Find the probability that a randomly chosen student

(c.i) has a dog but does not have a cat.

[1]

Markscheme

54 27
0.54 (100 , 50
, 54%) A1

[1 mark]

(c.ii) has a dog given that they do not have a cat.

 [2]

Markscheme

54 27
64
(0.844, 32
, 84.4%, 0.84375) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for a correct denominator (0.64 or 64 seen), A1 for the correct
final answer.

[2 marks]

Each year, one student is chosen randomly to be the school captain of Mirabooka Primary
School.

Tim is using a binomial distribution to make predictions about how many of the next 10 school
captains will own a dog. He assumes that the percentages found in the survey will remain
constant for future years and that the events “being a school captain” and “having a dog” are
independent.

Use Tim’s model to find the probability that in the next 10 years

(d.i) 5 school captains have a dog.

[2]

Markscheme

recognizing Binomial distribution with correct parameters (M1)

𝑋 ∼ B(10, 0.68)
(P(𝑋 = 5) =) 0.123 (0.122940 … , 12.3%) A1

[2 marks]

(d.ii) more than 3 school captains have a dog.

[2]

Markscheme

1 − P(𝑋 ≤ 3) OR P(𝑋 ≥ 4) OR P(4 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 10) (M1)

0.984 (0.984497 … , 98.4%) A1

[2 marks]

(d.iii) exactly 9 school captains in succession have a dog.

[3]
 Markscheme

(0.68)9 × 0.32 (M1)

recognition of two possible cases (M1)
2 × ((0.68)9 × 0.32)
0.0199 (0.0198957 … , 1.99%) A1

[3 marks]

John randomly chooses 10 students from the survey.

(e) State why John should not use the binomial distribution to find the probability that 5 of these
students have a dog.

[1]

Markscheme

EITHER
the probability is not constant A1
OR
the events are not independent A1
OR
the events should be modelled by the hypergeometric distribution instead
A1

[1 mark]

14. 21M.2.SL.TZ1.3

Give your answers in parts (a), (d)(i), (e) and (f) to the nearest dollar.

Daisy invested 37 000 Australian dollars (AUD) in a fixed deposit account with an annual interest
rate of 6.4% compounded quarterly.

(a) Calculate the value of Daisy’s investment after 2 years.

[3]

Markscheme

EITHER 𝑁 = 2
𝑃𝑉 = −37 000
𝐼% = 6.4
𝑃/𝑌 = 1
𝐶/𝑌 = 4 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology, award
A1 for all entries correct.
 OR 𝑁 = 8
𝑃𝑉 = −37 000
𝐼% = 6.4
𝑃/𝑌 = 4
𝐶/𝑌 = 4 (M1)(A1) Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app
in their technology, award A1 for all entries correct.
6.4 4×2
OR 𝐹𝑉 = 37 000 × (1 + 100×4) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for substitution into compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution. = 42 010 AUD A1
Note: Award (M1)(A1)A0 for unsupported 42009.87.
[3 marks]

After 𝑚 months, the amount of money in the fixed deposit account has appreciated to more than
50 000 AUD.

(b) Find the minimum value of 𝑚, where 𝑚 ∈ ℕ.

[4]

Markscheme

EITHER 𝑃𝑉 = −37 000

𝐹𝑉 = 50 000
𝐼% = 6.4
𝑃/𝑌 = 1
𝐶/𝑌 = 4 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology, award
A1 for all entries correct. The final mark can still be awarded for the correct
number of months (multiple of 3).

OR 𝑃𝑉 = −37 000
𝐹𝑉 = 50 000
𝐼% = 6.4
𝑃/𝑌 = 4
𝐶/𝑌 = 4 (M1)(A1) Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app
in their technology, award A1 for all entries correct.
6.4 4×𝑛 6.4 𝑛
OR 50 000 < 37 000 × (1 + 100×4) OR 50 000 < 37 000 × (1 + 100×4)
(M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for the correct inequality, 50 000 and substituted compound
interest formula. Allow an equation. Award A1 for correct substitution. THEN 𝑁 =
4.74 (years) (4.74230 … ) OR 𝑁 = 18.9692 … (quarters) (A1) 𝑚 =
57 months A1
Note: Award A1 for rounding their 𝑚 to the correct number of months. The final
answer must be a multiple of 3. Follow through within this part.
[4 marks]
Daisy is saving to purchase a new apartment. The price of the apartment is 200 000 AUD.

Daisy makes an initial payment of 25% and takes out a loan to pay the rest.

(c) Write down the amount of the loan.

[1]

Markscheme

150 000 AUD A1 [1 mark]

The loan is for 10 years, compounded monthly, with equal monthly payments of 1700 AUD made
by Daisy at the end of each month.

For this loan, find

(d.i) the amount of interest paid by Daisy.

[2]

Markscheme

120 × 1700 − 150 000 (M1) = 54 000 AUD A1 [2 marks]

(d.ii) the annual interest rate of the loan.

[3]

Markscheme

𝑁 = 120
𝑃𝑉 = −150 000
𝑃𝑀𝑇 = 1700
𝐹𝑉 = 0
𝑃/𝑌 = 12
𝐶/𝑌 = 12 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology or an
attempt to use an annuity formula or 𝐹𝑉 = 0 seen. If a compound interest formula
is equated to zero, award M1, otherwise award M0 for a substituted compound
interest formula.
Award A1 for all entries correct in financial app or correct substitution in annuity
formula, but award A0 for a substituted compound interest formula. Follow
through marks in part (d)(ii) are contingent on working seen. 𝑟 =
6.46 (%) (6.45779 … ) A1 [3 marks]

After 5 years of paying off this loan, Daisy decides to pay the remainder in one final payment.

(e) Find the amount of Daisy’s final payment.

 [3]

Markscheme

𝑁 = 60
𝐼 = 6.46 (6.45779 … )
𝑃𝑉 = −150 000
𝑃𝑀𝑇 = 1700
𝑃/𝑌 = 12
𝐶/𝑌 = 12 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology or an
attempt to use an annuity formula. Award (M0) for a substituted compound
interest formula. Award A1 for all entries correct. Follow through marks in part (e)
are contingent on working seen. 𝐹𝑉 = 86973 AUD A1 [3 marks]

(f) Find how much money Daisy saved by making one final payment after 5 years.

[3]

Markscheme

204 000 − (60 × 1700 + 86973) OR 204 000 − 188 973 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award M1 for 60 × 1700. Award M1 for subtracting their (60 × 1700 +
86973) from their (204 000). Award at most M1M0 for their 204 000 − (60 × 1700)
or M0M0 for their 204 000 − (86973). Follow through from parts (d)(i) and (e).
Follow through marks in part (f) are contingent on working seen. = 15 027 AUD
A1 [3 marks]

15. 21M.2.SL.TZ2.3

A new concert hall was built with 14 seats in the first row. Each subsequent row of the hall has
two more seats than the previous row. The hall has a total of 20 rows.

Find:

(a.i) the number of seats in the last row.

[3]

Markscheme

recognition of arithmetic sequence with common difference 2 (M1) use of

arithmetic sequence formula (M1) 14 + 2(20 − 1) 52 A1 [3
marks]

(a.ii) the total number of seats in the concert hall.

[2]
 Markscheme
14+52
use of arithmetic series formula (M1) 2
× 20 660 A1 [2 marks]

The concert hall opened in 2019. The average number of visitors per concert during that
year was 584. In 2020, the average number of visitors per concert increased by 1.2%.

(b) Find the average number of visitors per concert in 2020.

[2]

Markscheme

584 + (584 × 0.012) OR 584 × (1.012)1 (M1) 591 (591.008) A1

Note: Award M0A0 if incorrect 𝑟 used in part (b), and FT with their 𝑟 in parts (c)
and (d).

[2 marks]

The concert organizers use this data to model future numbers of visitors. It is assumed that the
average number of visitors per concert will continue to increase each year by 1.2%.

(c) Determine the first year in which this model predicts the average number of visitors
per concert will exceed the total seating capacity of the concert hall.

[5]

Markscheme

recognition of geometric sequence (M1) equating their 𝑛th geometric

sequence term to their 660 (M1)
Note: Accept inequality.

METHOD 1
EITHER 600 = 584 × (1.012)𝑥−1 A1 (𝑥 − 1 =) 10.3 (10.2559 … ) 𝑥 =
11.3 (11.2559 … ) A1 2030 A1
OR 600 = 584 × (1.012)𝑥 A1 𝑥 = 10.3 (10.2559 … ) A1
2030 A1 METHOD 2 11th term 658 (657.987 … ) (M1)A1
12th term 666 (666.883 … ) (M1)A1 2030 A1
Note: The last mark can be awarded if both their 11th and 12th correct terms are
seen.

[5 marks]

(d) It is assumed that the concert hall will host 50 concerts each year.
 Use the average number of visitors per concert per year to predict the total number of people
expected to attend the concert hall from when it opens until the end of 2025.

[4]

Markscheme

7 seen (A1)
1.0127 −1
EITHER 584 ( ) (M1) multiplying their sum by 50 (M1)
1.012−1
OR sum of the number of visitors for their 𝑟 and their seven years (M1)
multiplying their sum by 50 (M1)
1.0127 −1
OR 29 200 ( 1.012−1 ) (M1)(M1)
THEN 212000 (211907.3 … ) A1
Note: Follow though from their 𝑟 from part (b).

[4 marks]

16. 20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_6
1
An infinite geometric series has first term 𝑢1 = 𝑎 and second term 𝑢2 = 4 𝑎2 − 3𝑎, where 𝑎 > 0.

(a) Find the common ratio in terms of 𝑎.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
evidence of dividing terms (in any order) (M1)
1 2
𝑢1 4𝑎 −3𝑎 1
eg 𝑢2
, 𝑎
𝑟 = 4𝑎 − 3 A1 N2 [2 marks]

(b) Find the values of 𝑎 for which the sum to infinity of the series exists.

[3]

Markscheme

1
recognizing | 𝑟 | < 1 (must be in terms of 𝑎) (M1) eg |4 𝑎 − 3| < 1, −1 ≤
1
4
𝑎 − 3 ≤ 1, −4 < 𝑎 − 12 < 4 8 < 𝑎 < 16 A2 N3 [3 marks]

(c) Find the value of 𝑎 when 𝑆∞ = 76.

[3]
 Markscheme

𝑎 1 76
correct equation (A1) eg 1 = 76 , 𝑎 = 76 (4 − 4 𝑎) 𝑎 = (=
1−( 𝑎−3) 5
4
15.2) (exact) A2 N3 [3 marks]

17. 20N.2.SL.TZ0.T_5

A large underground tank is constructed at Mills Airport to store fuel. The tank is in the shape of
an isosceles trapezoidal prism, ABCDEFGH.

AB = 70 m , AF = 200 m, AD = 40 m, BC = 40 m and CD = 110 m. Angle ADC = 60∘ and angle

BCD = 60∘ . The tank is illustrated below.

(a) Find ℎ, the height of the tank.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
ℎ ℎ
sin 60∘ = 40 OR tan 60∘ = 20 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitutions in trig ratio.

OR 202 + ℎ2 = 402 (√402 − 202 ) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitutions in Pythagoras’ theorem.
(ℎ =) 34.6 (m) (√1200, 20√3, 34.6410 … ) (A1)(G2)
[2 marks]
(b) Show that the volume of the tank is 624 000 m3 , correct to three significant figures.

[3]

Markscheme
1
(70 + 110)(34.6410 … ) × 200 (M1)(M1)
2
Note: Award (M1) for their correctly substituted area of trapezium formula,
provided all substitutions are positive. Award (M1) for multiplying by 200. Follow
through from part (a).
OR
1
(2 × 2 × 20 × 34.6410 … + 70 × 34.6410 … ) × 200 (M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for the addition of correct areas for two triangles and one
rectangle. Award (M1) for multiplying by 200. Follow through from part (a).
OR
1
70 × 34.6410 … × 200 + 2 × 2 × 34.6410 … × 20 × 200 (M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution in volume of cuboid formula. Award
(M1) for correctly substituted volume of triangular prism(s). Follow through from
part (a).
623538 … (A1) 624000 (m3 ) (AG)
Note: Both an unrounded answer that rounds to the given answer and the
rounded value must be seen for the (A1) to be awarded.
[3 marks]

Once construction was complete, a fuel pump was used to pump fuel into the empty tank. The
amount of fuel pumped into the tank by this pump each hour decreases as an arithmetic
sequence with terms 𝑢1 , 𝑢2 , 𝑢3 , … , 𝑢𝑛 .

Part of this sequence is shown in the table.

(c) Write down the common difference, 𝑑.

[1]

Markscheme

(𝑑 =) − 1800 (A1)
[1 mark]

(d) Find the amount of fuel pumped into the tank in the 13th hour.

[2]
 Markscheme

(𝑢13 =) 45000 + (13 − 1)(−1800) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitutions in arithmetic sequence formula.
OR
Award (M1) for a correct 4th term seen as part of list.
23400 (m3 ) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Follow through from part (c) for their value of 𝑑.
[2 marks]

(e.i) Find the value of 𝑛 such that 𝑢𝑛 = 0.

[2]

Markscheme

0 = 45000 + (𝑛 − 1)(−1800) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into arithmetic sequence formula,
equated to zero.
(𝑛 =) 26 (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Follow through from part (c). Award at most (M1)(A0) if their 𝑛 is not a
positive integer.
[2 marks]

(e.ii) Write down the number of hours that the pump was pumping fuel into the tank.

[1]

Markscheme

25 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from part (e)(i), but only if their final answer in (e)(i) is
positive. If their 𝑛 in part (e)(i) is not an integer, award (A1)(ft) for the nearest
lower integer.
[1 mark]

At the end of the 2nd hour, the total volume of fuel in the tank was 88 200 m3 .

(f) Find the total amount of fuel pumped into the tank in the first 8 hours.

[2]

Markscheme
8
(𝑆8 =) (2 × 45000 + (8 − 1) × (−1800)) (M1)
2
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitutions in arithmetic series formula. If a
list method is used, award (M1) for the addition of their 8 correct terms.
 310 000 (m3 ) (309 600) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Follow through from part (c). Award at most (M1)(A0) if their final answer is
greater than 624 000.
[2 marks]

(g) Show that the tank will never be completely filled using this pump.

[3]

Markscheme
25 25
(𝑆25 =) (2 × 45000 + (25 − 1) × (−1800)) , (𝑆25 =) (45000 + 1800)
2 2
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitutions into arithmetic series formula.
𝑆25 = 585000 (m3 ) (A1)(ft)(G1)
Note: Award (M1)(A1) for correctly finding 𝑆26 = 585000 (m3 ), provided working
26 26
is shown e.g. (𝑆26 =) 2 (2 × 45000 + (26 − 1) × (−1800)) , (𝑆26 =) 2 (45000 +
0). Follow through from part (c) and either their (e)(i) or (e)(ii). If 𝑑 < 0 and their
final answer is greater than 624 000, award at most (M1)(A1)(ft)(R0). If 𝑑 > 0,
there is no maximum, award at most (M1)(A0)(R0). Award no marks if their
number of terms is not a positive integer.
585000 (m3 ) < 624000 (m3 ) (R1) Hence it will never be filled (AG)
Note: The (AG) line must be seen. If it is omitted do not award the final (R1). Do
not follow through within the part.
For unsupported (𝑆25 ) = 585000 seen, award at most (G1)(R1)(AG). Working
must be seen to follow through from parts (c) and (e)(i) or (e)(ii).
OR
𝑛
(𝑆𝑛 =) (2 × 45000 + (𝑛 − 1) × (−1800)) (M1)
2
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into arithmetic series formula, with
𝑛.
Maximum of this function 585225 (m3 ) (A1)
Note: Follow through from part (c). Award at most (M1)(A1)(ft)(R0) if their final
answer is greater than 624 000. Award at most (M1)(A0)(R0) if their common
difference is not – 1800. Award at most (M1)(A0)(R0) if 585 225 is not explicitly
identified as the maximum of the function.
585225 (m3 ) < 624000 (m3 ) (R1)

Hence it will never be filled (AG)

Note: The (AG) line must be seen. If it is omitted do not award the final (R1). Do
not follow through within the part.
OR
sketch with concave down curve and labelled 624000 horizontal line (M1)
Note: Accept a label of “tank volume” instead of a numerical value. Award (M0) if
the line and the curve intersect.
𝑛
curve explicitly labelled as (𝑆𝑛 =) (2 × 45000 + (𝑛 − 1) × (−1800)) or
2
equivalent (A1)

Note: Award (A1) for a written explanation interpreting the sketch. Accept a
comparison of values, e.g 585225 (m3 ) < 624000 (m3 ), where 585225 is the
 graphical maximum. Award at most (M1)(A0)(R0) if their common difference is not
– 1800.
the line and the curve do not intersect (R1) hence it will never be filled
(AG)
Note: The (AG) line must be seen. If it is omitted do not award the final (R1). Do
not follow through within the part.
OR
𝑛
624000 = 2 (2 × 45000 + (𝑛 − 1) × (−1800)) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correctly substituted arithmetic series formula equated
to 624000 (623538).
Demonstrates there is no solution (A1)
Note: Award (A1) for a correct working that the discriminant is less than zero OR
correct working indicating there is no real solution in the quadratic formula.
There is no (real) solution (to this equation) (R1) hence it will never be filled
(AG)
Note: At most (M1)(A0)(R0) for their correctly substituted arithmetic series
formula = 624000, 623538 or 622800 with a statement "no solution". Follow
through from their part (b).
[3 marks]

18. 19N.2.SL.TZ0.T_3

Maegan designs a decorative glass face for a new Fine Arts Centre. The glass face is made up
of small triangular panes. The first three levels of the glass face are illustrated in the following
diagram.

The 1st level, at the bottom of the glass face, has 5 triangular panes. The 2nd level has 7
triangular panes, and the 3rd level has 9 triangular panes. Each additional level has 2 more
triangular panes than the level below it.

(a) Find the number of triangular panes in the 12th level.

[3]

Markscheme
 𝑢12 = 5 + (12 − 1) × (2) (M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substituted arithmetic
sequence formula, (A1) for correct substitutions. 27 (A1)(G3) [3 marks]

(b) Show that the total number of triangular panes, 𝑆𝑛 , in the first 𝑛 levels is given by:

𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛2 + 4𝑛.

[3]

Markscheme
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = 2 (2 × 5 + (𝑛 − 1)(2)) (M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substituted
𝑛
arithmetic sequence formula, (A1) for correct substitutions. 𝑆𝑛 = 2 (8 + 2𝑛)
OR 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛(5 + 𝑛 − 1) (M1) Note: Award (M1) for evidence of expansion and
simplification, or division by 2 leading to the final answer. 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛2 + 4𝑛 (AG)
Note: The final line must be seen, with no incorrect working, for the final (M1) to
be awarded. [3 marks]

(c) Hence, find the total number of panes in a glass face with 18 levels.

[2]

Markscheme

(𝑆18 =)182 + 4 × 18 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted formula
for 𝑆𝑛 . (𝑆18 =) 396 (A1) Note: The use of “hence” in the question paper
means that the 𝑆𝑛 formula (from part (b)) must be used. [2 marks]

Maegan has 1000 triangular panes to build the decorative glass face and does not want it to
have any incomplete levels.

(d) Find the maximum number of complete levels that Maegan can build.

[3]

Markscheme
𝑛
1000 = 𝑛2 + 4𝑛 OR 1000 = 2 (10 + (𝑛 − 1)2) (or equivalent) (M1) Note:
Award (M1) for equating 𝑆𝑛 to 1000 or for equating the correctly substituted sum
of arithmetic sequence formula to 1000. OR a sketch of the graphs 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛2 +
4𝑛 and 𝑆𝑛 = 1000 intersecting (M1) Note: Award (M1) for a sketch of a
quadratic and a horizontal line with at least one point of intersection. OR a sketch
of 𝑛2 + 4𝑛 − 1000 intersecting the 𝑥-axis (M1) Note: Award (M1) for a sketch
of 𝑛2 + 4𝑛 − 1000 with at least one 𝑥-intercept. (𝑛 =) 29.6859 … OR −2 +
2√251 (A1) Note: Award (A1) for 29.6859 … or −2 + 2√251 seen. Can be
implied by a correct final answer. (𝑛 =) 29 (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Do not accept
 30. Award a maximum of (M1)(A1)(A0) if two final answers are given. Follow
though from their unrounded answer. OR 𝑆30 = 1020 and 𝑆29 = 957 (A2)
Note: Award (A2) for both “crossover” values seen. Do not split this (A2) mark.
(𝑛 =) 29 (A1)(G2) [3 marks]

(e) Each triangular pane has an area of 1.84 m2 .

Find the total area of the decorative glass face, if the maximum number of complete levels were
built. Express your area to the nearest m2 .

[4]

Markscheme

(𝐴 =) (292 + 4 × 29) × (1.84) (M1)(M1) Note: Award (M1) for their correct
substitution to find the total number of triangular panes. Award (M1) for multiplying
their number of panes by 1.84. OR (𝐴 =) 957 × 1.84 (A1)(ft)(M1) Note:
Award (A1)(ft) for their 957 seen. Award (M1) for multiplying their number of
panes by 1.84. Follow through from part (d). (𝐴 =) 1760.88 (m2 ) (A1)(ft)(G2)
(𝐴 =) 1761 (m2 ) (A1)(ft)(G3) [4 marks]

19. 19M.2.SL.TZ1.T_5

John purchases a new bicycle for 880 US dollars (USD) and pays for it with a Canadian credit
card. There is a transaction fee of 4.2 % charged to John by the credit card company to convert
this purchase into Canadian dollars (CAD).

The exchange rate is 1 USD = 1.25 CAD.

(a) Calculate, in CAD, the total amount John pays for the bicycle.

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
1.042 × 880 × 1.25 OR (880 + 0.042 × 880) × 1.25 (M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 880 by 1.042 and (M1) for multiplying 880 by
1.25. 1150 (CAD) (1146.20 (CAD)) (A1)(G2) Note: Accept 1146.2 (CAD) [3
marks]

John insures his bicycle with a US company. The insurance company produces the following
table for the bicycle’s value during each year.
The values of the bicycle form a geometric sequence.

(b) Find the value of the bicycle during the 5th year. Give your answer to two decimal places.

[3]

Markscheme
704 563.20
880
OR 704 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly dividing sequential terms to find the common ratio,
or 0.8 seen. 880(0.8)5−1 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into
geometric sequence formula. 360.45 (USD) (A1)(G3)
Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is not correct to 2 decimal places.
Award at most (M0)(M1)(A0) if 𝑟 = 1.25.
[3 marks]

(c) Calculate, in years, when the bicycle value will be less than 50 USD.

[2]

Markscheme

880(0.8)𝑛−1 < 50 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into geometric sequence formula and
(in)equating to 50. Accept weak or strict inequalities. Accept an equation. Follow
through from their common ratio in part (b). Accept a sketch of their GP with 𝑦 =
50 as a valid method.
OR
𝑢13 = 60.473 AND 𝑢14 = 48.379 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their 𝑢13 and 𝑢14 both seen. If the student states 𝑢14 =
48.379 < 50, without 𝑢13 = 60.473 seen, this is not sufficient to award (M1).
14 or “14th year” or “after the 13th year” (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: The context of the
question requires the final answer to be an integer. Award at most (M1)(A0) for a
final answer of 13.9 years. Follow through from their 0.8 in part (b). [2 marks]
 During the 1st year John pays 120 USD to insure his bicycle. Each year the amount he pays to
insure his bicycle is reduced by 3.50 USD.

(d) Find the total amount John has paid to insure his bicycle for the first 5 years.

[3]

Markscheme

5
2
((2 × 120) + (−3.5(5 − 1))) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into arithmetic series formula, (A1) for correct
substitution. 565 (USD) (A1)(G2) [3 marks]

20. 19M.2.SL.TZ1.S_7

The first terms of an infinite geometric sequence, 𝑢𝑛 , are 2, 6, 18, 54, …

The first terms of a second infinite geometric sequence, 𝑣𝑛 , are 2, −6, 18, −54, …

The terms of a third sequence, 𝑤𝑛 , are defined as 𝑤𝑛 = 𝑢𝑛 + 𝑣𝑛 .

(a) Write down the first three non-zero terms of 𝑤𝑛 .

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
attempt to add corresponding terms (M1)
𝑛−1 𝑛−1
eg 2 + 2, 6 + (−6), 2(3) + 2(−3)
correct value for 𝑤5 (A1)
eg 324 4, 36, 324 (accept 4 + 36 + 324) A1 N3 [3 marks]

The finite series, ∑225 𝑚 𝑘

𝑘=1 𝑤𝑘 , can also be written in the form ∑𝑘=0 4𝑟 .

(b.i) Find the value of 𝑟.

[2]

Markscheme

valid approach (M1)

eg 4 × 𝑟1 = 36, 4 × 9𝑛−1
𝑟 = 9 (accept ∑𝑚 𝑘
𝑘=0 4 × 9 ; 𝑚 may be incorrect) A1 N2
[2 marks]

(b.ii) Find the value of 𝑚.

 [2]

Markscheme

recognition that 225 terms of 𝑤𝑛 consists of 113 non-zero terms (M1)

eg ∑113 112
1 , ∑0 , 113
𝑚 = 112 (accept ∑1𝑘=0 12 4 × 𝑟 𝑘 ; 𝑟 may be incorrect) A1 N2
[2 marks]

21. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_4

On her first day in a hospital, Kiri receives 𝑢1 milligrams (mg) of a therapeutic drug. The amount
of the drug Kiri receives increases by the same amount, 𝑑, each day. On the seventh day, she
receives 21 mg of the drug, and on the eleventh day she receives 29 mg.

(a.i) Write down an equation, in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑, for the amount of the drug that she
receives on the seventh day.

[1]

Markscheme

(amount taken in the 7th day): 𝑢1 + 6𝑑 = 21 (A1)

Note: Accept 𝑢1 + (7 − 1)𝑑 = 21. The equations do not need to be simplified.
They should be given in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑 for the marks to be awarded.
[1 mark]

(a.ii) Write down an equation, in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑, for the amount of the drug that she receives
on the eleventh day.

[1]

Markscheme

(amount taken in the 11th day): 𝑢1 + 10𝑑 = 29 (A1)

Note: Accept 𝑢1 + (11 − 1)𝑑 = 29. The equations do not need to be simplified.
They should be given in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑 for the marks to be awarded.
[1 mark]

(b) Write down the value of 𝑑 and the value of 𝑢1 .

[2]

Markscheme

(𝑢1 =) 9 (A1)(ft)
(𝑑 =) 2 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from part (a), but only if values are positive and 𝑢1 < 21.
 [2 marks]

Kiri receives the drug for 30 days.

(c) Calculate the total amount of the drug, in mg, that she receives.

[3]

Markscheme
30
(𝑆30 =) (2 × 9 + (30 − 1) × 2) (M1)(A1)(ft)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the sum of an arithmetic sequence formula;
(A1)(ft) for their correct substitution. 1140 (mg) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from their 𝑢1 and 𝑑 from part (b).
[3 marks]

Ted is also in a hospital and on his first day he receives a 20 mg antibiotic injection. The amount
of the antibiotic Ted receives decreases by 50 % each day. On the second day, Ted receives a
10 mg antibiotic injection, on the third day he receives 5 mg, and so on.

(d.i) Find the amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives on the fifth day.

[3]

Markscheme

20 × (0.5)4 (M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the geometric
sequence formula, (A1) for correct substitution. 1.25 (mg) (A1)(G3) [3 marks]

(d.ii) The daily amount of antibiotic Ted receives will first be less than 0.06 mg on the 𝑘 th day.
Find the value of 𝑘.

[3]

Markscheme

20 × (0.5)𝑘−1 < 0.06 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the geometric sequence formula;
(M1) for comparing their expression to 0.06. Accept an equation instead of
inequality.
(𝑘 =) 10 (10th day) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from part (d)(i), if 0 < 𝑟 < 1. Follow through answers must be
rounded up for final mark.
[3 marks]

(d.iii) Hence find the total amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives during the first 𝑘 days.
 [3]

Markscheme

20(1−0.510 )
1−0.5
(M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of a geometric sequence formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution.
Follow through from their 𝑢1 and 𝑟 in part (d)(i), if 0 < 𝑟 < 1. Follow through from
their 𝑘 in part (d)(ii) but only if 𝑘 is a positive integer.
40.0 (39.9609…) (mg) (A1)(ft)(G2) [3 marks]

22. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.S_10

In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑢1 = 1.3 , 𝑢2 = 1.4 and 𝑢𝑘 = 31.2.

(a) Find the value of 𝑘.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
attempt to find 𝑑 (M1)
eg 1.4 − 1.3 , 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 , 1.4 = 1.3 + (2 − 1)𝑑
𝑑 = 0.1 (may be seen in expression for 𝑢𝑛 ) (A1)
correct equation (A1)
eg 1.3 + (𝑘 − 1) × 0.1 = 31.2 , 0.1𝑘 = 30
𝑘 = 300 A1 N3
[4 marks]

(b) Find the exact value of 𝑆𝑘 .

[2]

Markscheme

correct substitution (A1)

300 300 300
eg 2 (1.3 + 31.2) , 2 [2(1.3) + (300 − 1)(0.1)] , 2
[2.6 + 299(0.1)]
𝑆𝑘 = 4875 A1 N2
[2 marks]

Consider the terms, 𝑢𝑛 , of this sequence such that 𝑛 ≤ 𝑘.

Let 𝐹 be the sum of the terms for which 𝑛 is not a multiple of 3.

(c) Show that 𝐹 = 3240.

 [5]

Markscheme

recognizing need to find the sequence of multiples of 3 (seen anywhere) (M1)

eg first term is 𝑢3 (= 1.5) (accept notation 𝑢1 = 1.5) ,
𝑑 = 0.1 × 3 (= 0.3) , 100 terms (accept 𝑛 = 100), last term is 31.2
(accept notation 𝑢100 = 31.2) , 𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + 𝑢9 + ⋯ (accept 𝐹 = 𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + 𝑢9 + ⋯)
correct working for sum of sequence where n is a multiple of 3 A2
100
(1.5 + 31.2) , 50(2 × 1.5 + 99 × 0.3) , 1635
2
valid approach (seen anywhere) (M1)
100
eg 𝑆𝑘 − (𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + ⋯ ) , 𝑆𝑘 − 2 (1.5 + 31.2) , 𝑆𝑘 − (their sum for (𝑢3 + 𝑢6 +
⋯ ))
correct working (seen anywhere) A1
eg 𝑆𝑘 − 1635 , 4875 − 1635
𝐹 = 3240 AG N0
[5 marks]

𝑎 𝑎
(d) An infinite geometric series is given as 𝑆∞ = 𝑎 + + + ⋯, 𝑎 ∈ ℤ+ .
√2 2

Find the largest value of 𝑎 such that 𝑆∞ < 𝐹.

[5]

Markscheme

attempt to find 𝑟 (M1)

eg dividing consecutive terms

correct value of 𝑟 (seen anywhere, including in formula)

1 𝑎
eg , 0.707106… ,
√2 0.293…
correct working (accept equation) (A1)
𝑎
eg 1 < 3240
1−
√2
correct working A1

METHOD 1 (analytical)
1
eg 3240 × (1 − ) , 𝑎 < 948.974 , 948.974
√2
METHOD 2 (using table, must find both 𝑆∞ values)

eg when 𝑎 = 948 , 𝑆∞ = 3236.67 … AND when 𝑎 = 949 , 𝑆∞ = 3240.08 …

𝑎 = 948 A1 N2
[5 marks]
23. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_4

On her first day in a hospital, Kiri receives 𝑢1 milligrams (mg) of a therapeutic drug. The amount
of the drug Kiri receives increases by the same amount, 𝑑, each day. On the seventh day, she
receives 21 mg of the drug, and on the eleventh day she receives 29 mg.

(a.i) Write down an equation, in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑, for the amount of the drug that she
receives on the seventh day.

[1]

Markscheme

(amount taken in the 7th day): 𝑢1 + 6𝑑 = 21 (A1)

Note: Accept 𝑢1 + (7 − 1)𝑑 = 21. The equations do not need to be simplified.
They should be given in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑 for the marks to be awarded.
[1 mark]

(a.ii) Write down an equation, in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑, for the amount of the drug that she receives
on the eleventh day.

[1]

Markscheme

(amount taken in the 11th day): 𝑢1 + 10𝑑 = 29 (A1)

Note: Accept 𝑢1 + (11 − 1)𝑑 = 29. The equations do not need to be simplified.
They should be given in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑 for the marks to be awarded.
[1 mark]

(b) Write down the value of 𝑑 and the value of 𝑢1 .

[2]

Markscheme

(𝑢1 =) 9 (A1)(ft)
(𝑑 =) 2 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from part (a), but only if values are positive and 𝑢1 < 21.
[2 marks]

Kiri receives the drug for 30 days.

(c) Calculate the total amount of the drug, in mg, that she receives.

[3]

Markscheme
 30
(𝑆30 =) (2 × 9 + (30 − 1) × 2) (M1)(A1)(ft)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the sum of an arithmetic sequence formula;
(A1)(ft) for their correct substitution. 1140 (mg) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from their 𝑢1 and 𝑑 from part (b).
[3 marks]

Ted is also in a hospital and on his first day he receives a 20 mg antibiotic injection. The amount
of the antibiotic Ted receives decreases by 50 % each day. On the second day, Ted receives a
10 mg antibiotic injection, on the third day he receives 5 mg, and so on.

(d.i) Find the amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives on the fifth day.

[3]

Markscheme

20 × (0.5)4 (M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the geometric
sequence formula, (A1) for correct substitution. 1.25 (mg) (A1)(G3) [3 marks]

(d.ii) The daily amount of antibiotic Ted receives will first be less than 0.06 mg on the 𝑘 th day.
Find the value of 𝑘.

[3]

Markscheme

20 × (0.5)𝑘−1 < 0.06 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the geometric sequence formula;
(M1) for comparing their expression to 0.06. Accept an equation instead of
inequality.
(𝑘 =) 10 (10th day) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from part (d)(i), if 0 < 𝑟 < 1. Follow through answers must be
rounded up for final mark.
[3 marks]

(d.iii) Hence find the total amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives during the first 𝑘 days.

[3]

Markscheme

20(1−0.510 )
1−0.5
(M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of a geometric sequence formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution.
Follow through from their 𝑢1 and 𝑟 in part (d)(i), if 0 < 𝑟 < 1. Follow through from
their 𝑘 in part (d)(ii) but only if 𝑘 is a positive integer.
 40.0 (39.9609…) (mg) (A1)(ft)(G2) [3 marks]

24. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.S_10

In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑢1 = 1.3 , 𝑢2 = 1.4 and 𝑢𝑘 = 31.2.

(a) Find the value of 𝑘.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
attempt to find 𝑑 (M1)
eg 1.4 − 1.3 , 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 , 1.4 = 1.3 + (2 − 1)𝑑
𝑑 = 0.1 (may be seen in expression for 𝑢𝑛 ) (A1)
correct equation (A1)
eg 1.3 + (𝑘 − 1) × 0.1 = 31.2 , 0.1𝑘 = 30
𝑘 = 300 A1 N3
[4 marks]

(b) Find the exact value of 𝑆𝑘 .

[2]

Markscheme

correct substitution (A1)

300 300 300
eg 2 (1.3 + 31.2) , 2 [2(1.3) + (300 − 1)(0.1)] , 2
[2.6 + 299(0.1)]
𝑆𝑘 = 4875 A1 N2
[2 marks]

Consider the terms, 𝑢𝑛 , of this sequence such that 𝑛 ≤ 𝑘.

Let 𝐹 be the sum of the terms for which 𝑛 is not a multiple of 3.

(c) Show that 𝐹 = 3240.

[5]

Markscheme

recognizing need to find the sequence of multiples of 3 (seen anywhere) (M1)

eg first term is 𝑢3 (= 1.5) (accept notation 𝑢1 = 1.5) ,
𝑑 = 0.1 × 3 (= 0.3) , 100 terms (accept 𝑛 = 100), last term is 31.2
(accept notation 𝑢100 = 31.2) , 𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + 𝑢9 + ⋯ (accept 𝐹 = 𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + 𝑢9 + ⋯)
correct working for sum of sequence where n is a multiple of 3 A2
100
(1.5 + 31.2) , 50(2 × 1.5 + 99 × 0.3) , 1635
2
 valid approach (seen anywhere) (M1)
100
eg 𝑆𝑘 − (𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + ⋯ ) , 𝑆𝑘 − (1.5 + 31.2) , 𝑆𝑘 − (their sum for (𝑢3 + 𝑢6 +
2
⋯ ))
correct working (seen anywhere) A1
eg 𝑆𝑘 − 1635 , 4875 − 1635
𝐹 = 3240 AG N0
[5 marks]

𝑎 𝑎
(d) An infinite geometric series is given as 𝑆∞ = 𝑎 + + + ⋯, 𝑎 ∈ ℤ+ .
√2 2

Find the largest value of 𝑎 such that 𝑆∞ < 𝐹.

[5]

Markscheme

attempt to find 𝑟 (M1)

eg dividing consecutive terms

correct value of 𝑟 (seen anywhere, including in formula)

1 𝑎
eg , 0.707106… ,
√2 0.293…
correct working (accept equation) (A1)
𝑎
eg 1 < 3240
1−
√2
correct working A1

METHOD 1 (analytical)
1
eg 3240 × (1 − ) , 𝑎 < 948.974 , 948.974
√2
METHOD 2 (using table, must find both 𝑆∞ values)

eg when 𝑎 = 948 , 𝑆∞ = 3236.67 … AND when 𝑎 = 949 , 𝑆∞ = 3240.08 …

𝑎 = 948 A1 N2
[5 marks]

25. 18N.2.SL.TZ0.S_5

The sum of an infinite geometric sequence is 33.25. The second term of the sequence is 7.98.
Find the possible values of 𝑟.

[6]

Markscheme
 * This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
correct substitution into formula for infinite geometric series (A1)
𝑢1
eg 33.25 = 1−𝑟
correct substitution into formula for 𝑢𝑛 (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg 7.98 = 𝑢1 𝑟
attempt to express 𝑢1 in terms of 𝑟 (or vice-versa) (M1)
7.98 7.98 33.25−𝑢1
eg 𝑢1 = 𝑟 , 𝑢1 = 33.25(1 − 𝑟), 𝑟 = 𝑢 , 𝑟 = 33.25
1
correct working (A1)
7.98
( ) 7.98 𝑢1
𝑟
eg 1−𝑟
= 33.25, 33.25(1 − 𝑟) = 𝑟
, (0.4, 19.95), (0.6, 13.3), 7.98 = 33.25
1−
𝑢1
2 3
𝑟 = 0.4 (= 5), 𝑟 = 0.6 (= 5) A1A1 N3
[6 marks]

26. 18N.2.SL.TZ0.T_1

The marks obtained by nine Mathematical Studies SL students in their projects (x) and their final
IB examination scores (y) were recorded. These data were used to determine whether the
project mark is a good predictor of the examination score. The results are shown in the table.

(a.ii) Use your graphic display calculator to write down 𝑦, the mean examination score.

[1]

Markscheme

54 (G1) [1 mark]

(a.iii) Use your graphic display calculator to write down r , Pearson’s product–moment correlation
coefficient.

[2]

Markscheme

0.5 (G2) [2 marks]

The equation of the regression line y on x is y = mx + c.

(b.i) Find the exact value of m and of c for these data.

 [2]

Markscheme

7 167
m = 0.875, c = 41.75 (𝑚 = 8 , 𝑐 = 4 ) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for 0.875 seen. Award (A1) for 41.75 seen. If 41.75 is rounded
to 41.8 do not award (A1). [2 marks]

A tenth student, Jerome, obtained a project mark of 17.

(c.i) Use the regression line y on x to estimate Jerome’s examination score.

[2]

Markscheme

y = 0.875(17) + 41.75 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into their
regression line. = 56.6 (56.625) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through from part
(b)(i). [2 marks]

(c.ii) Justify whether it is valid to use the regression line y on x to estimate Jerome’s examination
score.

[2]

Markscheme

the estimate is valid (A1) since this is interpolation and the correlation
coefficient is large enough (R1) OR the estimate is not valid (A1) since the
correlation coefficient is not large enough (R1) Note: Do not award (A1)(R0).
The (R1) may be awarded for reasoning based on strength of correlation, but do
not accept “correlation coefficient is not strong enough” or “correlation is not large
enough”. Award (A0)(R0) for this method if no numerical answer to part (a)(iii) is
seen. [2 marks]

27. 18N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4
27
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥, 𝑥 ≠ 0.

(a) Sketch the graph of y = f (x), for −4 ≤ x ≤ 3 and −50 ≤ y ≤ 100.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
 (A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for axis labels and some indication of scale; accept y or f(x).
Use of graph paper is not required. If no scale is given, assume the given window
for zero and minimum point. Award (A1) for smooth curve with correct general
shape. Award (A1) for x-intercept closer to y-axis than to end of sketch. Award
(A1) for correct local minimum with x-coordinate closer to y-axis than end of
sketch and y-coordinate less than half way to top of sketch. Award at most
(A1)(A0)(A1)(A1) if the sketch intersects the y-axis or if the sketch curves away
from the y-axis as x approaches zero. [4 marks]

(b.i) Use your graphic display calculator to find the zero of f (x).

[1]

Markscheme

1.19 (1.19055…) (A1) Note: Accept an answer of (1.19, 0). Do not follow
through from an incorrect sketch. [1 mark]
 (b.ii) Use your graphic display calculator to find the coordinates of the local minimum point.

[2]

Markscheme

(−1.5, 36) (A1)(A1) Note: Award (A0)(A1) if parentheses are omitted. Accept x
= −1.5, y = 36. [2 marks]

(b.iii) Use your graphic display calculator to find the equation of the tangent to the graph of y =
f (x) at the point (–2, 38.75).

Give your answer in the form y = mx + c.

[2]

Markscheme

y = −9.25x + 20.3 (y = −9.25x + 20.25) (A1)(A1) Note: Award (A1) for −9.25x,
award (A1) for +20.25, award a maximum of (A0)(A1) if answer is not an
equation. [2 marks]

28. 18M.2.SL.TZ1.S_7
𝜋𝑥
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = e2 sin( 2 ), for x > 0.

The k th maximum point on the graph of f has x-coordinate xk where 𝑘 ∈ ℤ+ .

(a) Given that xk + 1 = xk + a, find a.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach to find maxima (M1)
eg one correct value of xk, sketch of f any two correct consecutive values of xk
(A1)(A1) eg x1 = 1, x2 = 5 a = 4 A1 N3 [4 marks]

(b) Hence find the value of n such that ∑𝑛𝑘=1 𝑥𝑘 = 861.

[4]

Markscheme

recognizing the sequence x1, x2, x3, …, xn is arithmetic (M1) eg d = 4 correct

expression for sum (A1)
 𝑛
eg 2 (2(1) + 4(𝑛 − 1))
valid attempt to solve for n (M1) eg graph, 2n2 − n − 861 = 0 n = 21 A1 N2
[4 marks]

29. 18M.2.SL.TZ1.S_8

The following table shows values of ln x and ln y.

The relationship between ln x and ln y can be modelled by the regression equation ln y = a ln x +

b.

(a) Find the value of a and of b.

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach (M1)
eg one correct value −0.453620, 6.14210 a = −0.454, b = 6.14 A1A1 N3 [3
marks]

(b) Use the regression equation to estimate the value of y when x = 3.57.

[3]

Markscheme

correct substitution (A1) eg −0.454 ln 3.57 + 6.14 correct working (A1)

eg ln y = 5.56484 261.083 (260.409 from 3 sf) y = 261, (y = 260 from 3sf) A1
N3 Note: If no working shown, award N1 for 5.56484.
If no working shown, award N2 for ln y = 5.56484. [3 marks]

(c) The relationship between x and y can be modelled using the formula y = kxn, where k ≠ 0 , n
≠ 0 , n ≠ 1.

By expressing ln y in terms of ln x, find the value of n and of k.

[7]
 Markscheme

METHOD 1 valid approach for expressing ln y in terms of ln x (M1)

eg ln 𝑦 = ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ), ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑎 ln 𝑥 + 𝑏
correct application of addition rule for logs (A1)
eg ln 𝑘 + ln (𝑥 𝑛 )
correct application of exponent rule for logs A1
eg ln 𝑘 + 𝑛 ln 𝑥
comparing one term with regression equation (check FT) (M1)
eg 𝑛 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = ln 𝑘
correct working for k (A1)
eg ln 𝑘 = 6.14210, 𝑘 = 𝑒 6.14210
465.030
𝑛 = −0.454, 𝑘 = 465 (464 from 3sf) A1A1 N2N2
METHOD 2 valid approach (M1)
eg 𝑒 ln 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑎 ln 𝑥+𝑏
correct use of exponent laws for 𝑒 𝑎 ln 𝑥+𝑏 (A1)
eg 𝑒 𝑎 ln 𝑥 × 𝑒 𝑏
correct application of exponent rule for 𝑎 ln 𝑥 (A1)
eg ln 𝑥 𝑎
correct equation in y A1
eg 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑎 × 𝑒 𝑏
comparing one term with equation of model (check FT) (M1)
eg 𝑘 = 𝑒 𝑏 , 𝑛 = 𝑎
465.030
𝑛 = −0.454, 𝑘 = 465 (464 from 3sf) A1A1 N2N2
METHOD 3 valid approach for expressing ln y in terms of ln x (seen anywhere)
(M1)
eg ln 𝑦 = ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ), ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑎 ln 𝑥 + 𝑏
correct application of exponent rule for logs (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg ln (𝑥 𝑎 ) + 𝑏
correct working for b (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg 𝑏 = ln (𝑒 𝑏 )
correct application of addition rule for logs A1
eg ln (𝑒 𝑏 𝑥 𝑎 )
comparing one term with equation of model (check FT) (M1)
eg 𝑘 = 𝑒 𝑏 , 𝑛 = 𝑎
465.030
𝑛 = −0.454, 𝑘 = 465 (464 from 3sf) A1A1 N2N2
[7 marks]

30. 18M.2.SL.TZ1.T_3

Give your answers to parts (b), (c) and (d) to the nearest whole number.

Harinder has 14 000 US Dollars (USD) to invest for a period of five years. He has two options of
how to invest the money.

Option A: Invest the full amount, in USD, in a fixed deposit account in an American bank.
The account pays a nominal annual interest rate of r % , compounded yearly, for the five years.
The bank manager says that this will give Harinder a return of 17 500 USD.

(a) Calculate the value of r.

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
𝑟 5
17500 = 14000 (1 + 100) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the compound interest formula, (A1) for
correct substitution. Award at most (M1)(A0) if not equated to 17500. OR N = 5
PV = ±14000
FV = ∓17500
P/Y = 1 C/Y = 1 (A1)(M1) Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 1 seen, (M1) for all other
correct entries. FV and PV must have opposite signs. = 4.56 (%) (4.56395…
(%)) (A1) (G3) [3 marks]

Option B: Invest the full amount, in Indian Rupees (INR), in a fixed deposit account in an Indian
bank. The money must be converted from USD to INR before it is invested.

The exchange rate is 1 USD = 66.91 INR.

(b) Calculate 14 000 USD in INR.

[2]

Markscheme

14000 × 66.91 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 14000 by 66.91. 936740
(INR) (A1) (G2) Note: Answer must be given to the nearest whole number. [2
marks]

The account in the Indian bank pays a nominal annual interest rate of 5.2 % compounded
monthly.

(c) Calculate the amount of this investment, in INR, in this account after five years.

[3]

Markscheme

5.2 12×5
936740 × (1 + 12×100) (M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the compound interest formula, (A1)(ft) for
their correct substitution. OR N = 60 I% = 5.2 PV = ±936740 P/Y= 12 C/Y= 12
(A1)(M1) Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.
 OR N = 5 I% = 5.2 PV = ±936740 P/Y= 1 C/Y= 12 (A1)(M1) Note: Award (A1)
for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries = 1214204 (INR) (A1)(ft)
(G3) Note: Follow through from part (b). Answer must be given to the nearest
whole number. [3 marks]

(d) Harinder chose option B. At the end of five years, Harinder converted this investment back to
USD. The exchange rate, at that time, was 1 USD = 67.16 INR.

Calculate how much more money, in USD, Harinder earned by choosing option B instead of
option A.

[3]

Markscheme
1214204
(M1)
67.16
Note: Award (M1) for dividing their (c) by 67.16.
1214204
( ) − 17500 = 579 (USD) (M1)(A1)(ft) (G3)
67.16
Note: Award (M1) for finding the difference between their conversion and 17500.
Answer must be given to the nearest whole number. Follow through from part (c).
[3 marks]

31. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.T_5

The Tower of Pisa is well known worldwide for how it leans.

Giovanni visits the Tower and wants to investigate how much it is leaning. He draws a
diagram showing a non-right triangle, ABC.

On Giovanni’s diagram the length of AB is 56 m, the length of BC is 37 m, and angle ACB is

60°. AX is the perpendicular height from A to BC.
(a.i) Use Giovanni’s diagram to show that angle ABC, the angle at which the Tower is leaning
relative to the
horizontal, is 85° to the nearest degree.

[5]

Markscheme

sin BAC sin 60

37
= 56
(M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substituting the sine rule formula,
∧
(A1) for correct substitution. angle BAC = 34.9034…° (A1) Note: Award (A0) if
unrounded answer does not round to 35. Award (G2) if 34.9034… seen without
 ∧
working. angle ABC = 180 − (34.9034… + 60) (M1) Note: Award (M1) for
subtracting their angle BAC + 60 from 180. 85.0965…° (A1) 85° (AG) Note:
Both the unrounded and rounded value must be seen for the final (A1) to be
awarded. If the candidate rounds 34.9034...° to 35° while substituting to find angle
∧
ABC, the final (A1) can be awarded but only if both 34.9034...° and 35° are seen.
If 85 is used as part of the workings, award at most (M1)(A0)(A0)(M0)(A0)(AG).
This is the reverse process and not accepted.

(a.ii) Use Giovanni's diagram to calculate the length of AX.

[2]

Markscheme

sin 85… × 56 (M1) = 55.8 (55.7869…) (m) (A1)(G2) Note: Award (M1) for
correct substitution in trigonometric ratio.

(a.iii) Use Giovanni's diagram to find the length of BX, the horizontal displacement of the Tower.

[2]

Markscheme

√562 − 55.7869 …2 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution in the Pythagoras theorem formula.
Follow through from part (a)(ii). OR cos(85) × 56 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for
correct substitution in trigonometric ratio. = 4.88 (4.88072…) (m) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Accept 4.73 (4.72863…) (m) from using their 3 s.f answer. Accept
equivalent methods. [2 marks]

Giovanni’s tourist guidebook says that the actual horizontal displacement of the Tower, BX, is 3.9
metres.

(b) Find the percentage error on Giovanni’s diagram.

[2]

Markscheme

4.88−3.9
| 3.9 | × 100 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the percentage error formula. =
25.1 (25.1282) (%) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through from part (a)(iii). [2
marks]

(c) Giovanni adds a point D to his diagram, such that BD = 45 m, and another triangle is formed.
Find the angle of elevation of A from D.

[3]

Markscheme

55.7869…
tan−1 (40.11927…) (A1)(ft)(M1)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their 40.11927… seen. Award (M1) for correct
substitution into trigonometric ratio. OR (37 − 4.88072…)2 + 55.7869…2 (AC =)
64.3725… 64.3726…2 + 82 − 2 × 8 × 64.3726… × cos120 (AD =) 68.7226…
∧
sin 120 sin ADC
68.7226…
= (A1)(ft)(M1)
64.3725…
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their correct values seen, (M1) for correct substitution
into the sine formula. = 54.3° (54.2781…°) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through
from part (a). Accept equivalent methods. [3 marks]
32. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.S_4

The first term of an infinite geometric sequence is 4. The sum of the infinite sequence is 200.

(a) Find the common ratio.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
correct substitution into infinite sum (A1)
4
eg 200 = r = 0.98 (exact) A1 N2 [2 marks]
1−𝑟

(b) Find the sum of the first 8 terms.

[2]

Markscheme

4(1−0.988 )
correct substitution (A1) 1−0.98
29.8473 29.8 A1 N2 [2 marks]

(c) Find the least value of n for which Sn > 163.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to set up inequality (accept equation) (M1)

4(1−0.98𝑛 ) 4(1−0.98𝑛 )
eg > 163, = 163 correct inequality for n (accept equation) or
1−0.98 1−0.98
crossover values (A1)
eg n > 83.5234, n = 83.5234, S83 = 162.606 and S84 = 163.354 n = 84 A1 N1
[3 marks]

33. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.T_4

On her first day in a hospital, Kiri receives 𝑢1 milligrams (mg) of a therapeutic drug. The amount
of the drug Kiri receives increases by the same amount, 𝑑, each day. On the seventh day, she
receives 21 mg of the drug, and on the eleventh day she receives 29 mg.

(a.i) Write down an equation, in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑, for the amount of the drug that she
receives on the seventh day.

[1]

Markscheme
 (amount taken in the 7th day): 𝑢1 + 6𝑑 = 21 (A1)
Note: Accept 𝑢1 + (7 − 1)𝑑 = 21. The equations do not need to be simplified.
They should be given in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑 for the marks to be awarded.
[1 mark]

(a.ii) Write down an equation, in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑, for the amount of the drug that she receives
on the eleventh day.

[1]

Markscheme

(amount taken in the 11th day): 𝑢1 + 10𝑑 = 29 (A1)

Note: Accept 𝑢1 + (11 − 1)𝑑 = 29. The equations do not need to be simplified.
They should be given in terms of 𝑢1 and 𝑑 for the marks to be awarded.
[1 mark]

(b) Write down the value of 𝑑 and the value of 𝑢1 .

[2]

Markscheme

(𝑢1 =) 9 (A1)(ft)
(𝑑 =) 2 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from part (a), but only if values are positive and 𝑢1 < 21.
[2 marks]

Kiri receives the drug for 30 days.

(c) Calculate the total amount of the drug, in mg, that she receives.

[3]

Markscheme
30
(𝑆30 =) (2 × 9 + (30 − 1) × 2) (M1)(A1)(ft)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the sum of an arithmetic sequence formula;
(A1)(ft) for their correct substitution. 1140 (mg) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from their 𝑢1 and 𝑑 from part (b).
[3 marks]

Ted is also in a hospital and on his first day he receives a 20 mg antibiotic injection. The amount
of the antibiotic Ted receives decreases by 50 % each day. On the second day, Ted receives a
10 mg antibiotic injection, on the third day he receives 5 mg, and so on.

(d.i) Find the amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives on the fifth day.
 [3]

Markscheme

20 × (0.5)4 (M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the geometric
sequence formula, (A1) for correct substitution. 1.25 (mg) (A1)(G3) [3 marks]

(d.ii) The daily amount of antibiotic Ted receives will first be less than 0.06 mg on the 𝑘 th day.
Find the value of 𝑘.

[3]

Markscheme

20 × (0.5)𝑘−1 < 0.06 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the geometric sequence formula;
(M1) for comparing their expression to 0.06. Accept an equation instead of
inequality.
(𝑘 =) 10 (10th day) (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Follow through from part (d)(i), if 0 < 𝑟 < 1. Follow through answers must be
rounded up for final mark.
[3 marks]

(d.iii) Hence find the total amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives during the first 𝑘 days.

[3]

Markscheme

20(1−0.510 )
1−0.5
(M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of a geometric sequence formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution.
Follow through from their 𝑢1 and 𝑟 in part (d)(i), if 0 < 𝑟 < 1. Follow through from
their 𝑘 in part (d)(ii) but only if 𝑘 is a positive integer.
40.0 (39.9609…) (mg) (A1)(ft)(G2) [3 marks]

34. 19M.2.SL.TZ2.S_10

In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑢1 = 1.3 , 𝑢2 = 1.4 and 𝑢𝑘 = 31.2.

(a) Find the value of 𝑘.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
 attempt to find 𝑑 (M1)
eg 1.4 − 1.3 , 𝑢1 − 𝑢2 , 1.4 = 1.3 + (2 − 1)𝑑
𝑑 = 0.1 (may be seen in expression for 𝑢𝑛 ) (A1)
correct equation (A1)
eg 1.3 + (𝑘 − 1) × 0.1 = 31.2 , 0.1𝑘 = 30
𝑘 = 300 A1 N3
[4 marks]

(b) Find the exact value of 𝑆𝑘 .

[2]

Markscheme

correct substitution (A1)

300 300 300
eg (1.3 + 31.2) , [2(1.3) + (300 − 1)(0.1)] , [2.6 + 299(0.1)]
2 2 2
𝑆𝑘 = 4875 A1 N2
[2 marks]

Consider the terms, 𝑢𝑛 , of this sequence such that 𝑛 ≤ 𝑘.

Let 𝐹 be the sum of the terms for which 𝑛 is not a multiple of 3.

(c) Show that 𝐹 = 3240.

[5]

Markscheme

recognizing need to find the sequence of multiples of 3 (seen anywhere) (M1)

eg first term is 𝑢3 (= 1.5) (accept notation 𝑢1 = 1.5) ,
𝑑 = 0.1 × 3 (= 0.3) , 100 terms (accept 𝑛 = 100), last term is 31.2
(accept notation 𝑢100 = 31.2) , 𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + 𝑢9 + ⋯ (accept 𝐹 = 𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + 𝑢9 + ⋯)
correct working for sum of sequence where n is a multiple of 3 A2
100
(1.5 + 31.2) , 50(2 × 1.5 + 99 × 0.3) , 1635
2
valid approach (seen anywhere) (M1)
100
eg 𝑆𝑘 − (𝑢3 + 𝑢6 + ⋯ ) , 𝑆𝑘 − 2 (1.5 + 31.2) , 𝑆𝑘 − (their sum for (𝑢3 + 𝑢6 +
⋯ ))
correct working (seen anywhere) A1
eg 𝑆𝑘 − 1635 , 4875 − 1635
𝐹 = 3240 AG N0
[5 marks]

𝑎 𝑎
(d) An infinite geometric series is given as 𝑆∞ = 𝑎 + + 2 + ⋯, 𝑎 ∈ ℤ+ .
√2

Find the largest value of 𝑎 such that 𝑆∞ < 𝐹.

[5]
 Markscheme

attempt to find 𝑟 (M1)

eg dividing consecutive terms

correct value of 𝑟 (seen anywhere, including in formula)

1 𝑎
eg , 0.707106… ,
√2 0.293…
correct working (accept equation) (A1)
𝑎
eg 1 < 3240
1−
√2
correct working A1

METHOD 1 (analytical)
1
eg 3240 × (1 − ) , 𝑎 < 948.974 , 948.974
√2
METHOD 2 (using table, must find both 𝑆∞ values)

eg when 𝑎 = 948 , 𝑆∞ = 3236.67 … AND when 𝑎 = 949 , 𝑆∞ = 3240.08 …

𝑎 = 948 A1 N2
[5 marks]

35. 18N.2.SL.TZ0.S_5

The sum of an infinite geometric sequence is 33.25. The second term of the sequence is 7.98.
Find the possible values of 𝑟.

[6]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
correct substitution into formula for infinite geometric series (A1)
𝑢1
eg 33.25 =
1−𝑟
correct substitution into formula for 𝑢𝑛 (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg 7.98 = 𝑢1 𝑟
attempt to express 𝑢1 in terms of 𝑟 (or vice-versa) (M1)
7.98 7.98 33.25−𝑢1
eg 𝑢1 = , 𝑢1 = 33.25(1 − 𝑟), 𝑟 = , 𝑟=
𝑟 𝑢1 33.25
correct working (A1)
7.98
( ) 7.98 𝑢1
𝑟
eg 1−𝑟
= 33.25, 33.25(1 − 𝑟) = 𝑟
, (0.4, 19.95), (0.6, 13.3), 7.98 = 33.25
1−
𝑢1
2 3
𝑟 = 0.4 (= 5), 𝑟 = 0.6 (= 5) A1A1 N3
[6 marks]
36. 18N.2.SL.TZ0.T_1

The marks obtained by nine Mathematical Studies SL students in their projects (x) and their final
IB examination scores (y) were recorded. These data were used to determine whether the
project mark is a good predictor of the examination score. The results are shown in the table.

(a.ii) Use your graphic display calculator to write down 𝑦, the mean examination score.

[1]

Markscheme

54 (G1) [1 mark]

(a.iii) Use your graphic display calculator to write down r , Pearson’s product–moment correlation
coefficient.

[2]

Markscheme

0.5 (G2) [2 marks]

The equation of the regression line y on x is y = mx + c.

(b.i) Find the exact value of m and of c for these data.

[2]

Markscheme

7 167
m = 0.875, c = 41.75 (𝑚 = 8 , 𝑐 = 4 ) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for 0.875 seen. Award (A1) for 41.75 seen. If 41.75 is rounded
to 41.8 do not award (A1). [2 marks]

A tenth student, Jerome, obtained a project mark of 17.

(c.i) Use the regression line y on x to estimate Jerome’s examination score.

[2]

Markscheme
 y = 0.875(17) + 41.75 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into their
regression line. = 56.6 (56.625) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through from part
(b)(i). [2 marks]

(c.ii) Justify whether it is valid to use the regression line y on x to estimate Jerome’s examination
score.

[2]

Markscheme

the estimate is valid (A1) since this is interpolation and the correlation
coefficient is large enough (R1) OR the estimate is not valid (A1) since the
correlation coefficient is not large enough (R1) Note: Do not award (A1)(R0).
The (R1) may be awarded for reasoning based on strength of correlation, but do
not accept “correlation coefficient is not strong enough” or “correlation is not large
enough”. Award (A0)(R0) for this method if no numerical answer to part (a)(iii) is
seen. [2 marks]

37. 18N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4
27
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥, 𝑥 ≠ 0.

(a) Sketch the graph of y = f (x), for −4 ≤ x ≤ 3 and −50 ≤ y ≤ 100.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
 (A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for axis labels and some indication of scale; accept y or f(x).
Use of graph paper is not required. If no scale is given, assume the given window
for zero and minimum point. Award (A1) for smooth curve with correct general
shape. Award (A1) for x-intercept closer to y-axis than to end of sketch. Award
(A1) for correct local minimum with x-coordinate closer to y-axis than end of
sketch and y-coordinate less than half way to top of sketch. Award at most
(A1)(A0)(A1)(A1) if the sketch intersects the y-axis or if the sketch curves away
from the y-axis as x approaches zero. [4 marks]

(b.i) Use your graphic display calculator to find the zero of f (x).

[1]

Markscheme

1.19 (1.19055…) (A1) Note: Accept an answer of (1.19, 0). Do not follow
through from an incorrect sketch. [1 mark]
 (b.ii) Use your graphic display calculator to find the coordinates of the local minimum point.

[2]

Markscheme

(−1.5, 36) (A1)(A1) Note: Award (A0)(A1) if parentheses are omitted. Accept x
= −1.5, y = 36. [2 marks]

(b.iii) Use your graphic display calculator to find the equation of the tangent to the graph of y =
f (x) at the point (–2, 38.75).

Give your answer in the form y = mx + c.

[2]

Markscheme

y = −9.25x + 20.3 (y = −9.25x + 20.25) (A1)(A1) Note: Award (A1) for −9.25x,
award (A1) for +20.25, award a maximum of (A0)(A1) if answer is not an
equation. [2 marks]

38. 18M.2.SL.TZ1.S_7
𝜋𝑥
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = e2 sin( 2 ), for x > 0.

The k th maximum point on the graph of f has x-coordinate xk where 𝑘 ∈ ℤ+ .

(a) Given that xk + 1 = xk + a, find a.

[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach to find maxima (M1)
eg one correct value of xk, sketch of f any two correct consecutive values of xk
(A1)(A1) eg x1 = 1, x2 = 5 a = 4 A1 N3 [4 marks]

(b) Hence find the value of n such that ∑𝑛𝑘=1 𝑥𝑘 = 861.

[4]

Markscheme

recognizing the sequence x1, x2, x3, …, xn is arithmetic (M1) eg d = 4 correct

expression for sum (A1)
 𝑛
eg 2 (2(1) + 4(𝑛 − 1))
valid attempt to solve for n (M1) eg graph, 2n2 − n − 861 = 0 n = 21 A1 N2
[4 marks]

39. 18M.2.SL.TZ1.S_8

The following table shows values of ln x and ln y.

The relationship between ln x and ln y can be modelled by the regression equation ln y = a ln x +

b.

(a) Find the value of a and of b.

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
valid approach (M1)
eg one correct value −0.453620, 6.14210 a = −0.454, b = 6.14 A1A1 N3 [3
marks]

(b) Use the regression equation to estimate the value of y when x = 3.57.

[3]

Markscheme

correct substitution (A1) eg −0.454 ln 3.57 + 6.14 correct working (A1)

eg ln y = 5.56484 261.083 (260.409 from 3 sf) y = 261, (y = 260 from 3sf) A1
N3 Note: If no working shown, award N1 for 5.56484.
If no working shown, award N2 for ln y = 5.56484. [3 marks]

(c) The relationship between x and y can be modelled using the formula y = kxn, where k ≠ 0 , n
≠ 0 , n ≠ 1.

By expressing ln y in terms of ln x, find the value of n and of k.

[7]
 Markscheme

METHOD 1 valid approach for expressing ln y in terms of ln x (M1)

eg ln 𝑦 = ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ), ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑎 ln 𝑥 + 𝑏
correct application of addition rule for logs (A1)
eg ln 𝑘 + ln (𝑥 𝑛 )
correct application of exponent rule for logs A1
eg ln 𝑘 + 𝑛 ln 𝑥
comparing one term with regression equation (check FT) (M1)
eg 𝑛 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = ln 𝑘
correct working for k (A1)
eg ln 𝑘 = 6.14210, 𝑘 = 𝑒 6.14210
465.030
𝑛 = −0.454, 𝑘 = 465 (464 from 3sf) A1A1 N2N2
METHOD 2 valid approach (M1)
eg 𝑒 ln 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑎 ln 𝑥+𝑏
correct use of exponent laws for 𝑒 𝑎 ln 𝑥+𝑏 (A1)
eg 𝑒 𝑎 ln 𝑥 × 𝑒 𝑏
correct application of exponent rule for 𝑎 ln 𝑥 (A1)
eg ln 𝑥 𝑎
correct equation in y A1
eg 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑎 × 𝑒 𝑏
comparing one term with equation of model (check FT) (M1)
eg 𝑘 = 𝑒 𝑏 , 𝑛 = 𝑎
465.030
𝑛 = −0.454, 𝑘 = 465 (464 from 3sf) A1A1 N2N2
METHOD 3 valid approach for expressing ln y in terms of ln x (seen anywhere)
(M1)
eg ln 𝑦 = ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ), ln (𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑎 ln 𝑥 + 𝑏
correct application of exponent rule for logs (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg ln (𝑥 𝑎 ) + 𝑏
correct working for b (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg 𝑏 = ln (𝑒 𝑏 )
correct application of addition rule for logs A1
eg ln (𝑒 𝑏 𝑥 𝑎 )
comparing one term with equation of model (check FT) (M1)
eg 𝑘 = 𝑒 𝑏 , 𝑛 = 𝑎
465.030
𝑛 = −0.454, 𝑘 = 465 (464 from 3sf) A1A1 N2N2
[7 marks]

40. 18M.2.SL.TZ1.T_3

Give your answers to parts (b), (c) and (d) to the nearest whole number.

Harinder has 14 000 US Dollars (USD) to invest for a period of five years. He has two options of
how to invest the money.

Option A: Invest the full amount, in USD, in a fixed deposit account in an American bank.
The account pays a nominal annual interest rate of r % , compounded yearly, for the five years.
The bank manager says that this will give Harinder a return of 17 500 USD.

(a) Calculate the value of r.

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
𝑟 5
17500 = 14000 (1 + 100) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the compound interest formula, (A1) for
correct substitution. Award at most (M1)(A0) if not equated to 17500. OR N = 5
PV = ±14000
FV = ∓17500
P/Y = 1 C/Y = 1 (A1)(M1) Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 1 seen, (M1) for all other
correct entries. FV and PV must have opposite signs. = 4.56 (%) (4.56395…
(%)) (A1) (G3) [3 marks]

Option B: Invest the full amount, in Indian Rupees (INR), in a fixed deposit account in an Indian
bank. The money must be converted from USD to INR before it is invested.

The exchange rate is 1 USD = 66.91 INR.

(b) Calculate 14 000 USD in INR.

[2]

Markscheme

14000 × 66.91 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for multiplying 14000 by 66.91. 936740
(INR) (A1) (G2) Note: Answer must be given to the nearest whole number. [2
marks]

The account in the Indian bank pays a nominal annual interest rate of 5.2 % compounded
monthly.

(c) Calculate the amount of this investment, in INR, in this account after five years.

[3]

Markscheme

5.2 12×5
936740 × (1 + 12×100) (M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the compound interest formula, (A1)(ft) for
their correct substitution. OR N = 60 I% = 5.2 PV = ±936740 P/Y= 12 C/Y= 12
(A1)(M1) Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries.
 OR N = 5 I% = 5.2 PV = ±936740 P/Y= 1 C/Y= 12 (A1)(M1) Note: Award (A1)
for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for all other correct entries = 1214204 (INR) (A1)(ft)
(G3) Note: Follow through from part (b). Answer must be given to the nearest
whole number. [3 marks]

(d) Harinder chose option B. At the end of five years, Harinder converted this investment back to
USD. The exchange rate, at that time, was 1 USD = 67.16 INR.

Calculate how much more money, in USD, Harinder earned by choosing option B instead of
option A.

[3]

Markscheme
1214204
(M1)
67.16
Note: Award (M1) for dividing their (c) by 67.16.
1214204
( ) − 17500 = 579 (USD) (M1)(A1)(ft) (G3)
67.16
Note: Award (M1) for finding the difference between their conversion and 17500.
Answer must be given to the nearest whole number. Follow through from part (c).
[3 marks]

41. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.T_5

The Tower of Pisa is well known worldwide for how it leans.

Giovanni visits the Tower and wants to investigate how much it is leaning. He draws a
diagram showing a non-right triangle, ABC.

On Giovanni’s diagram the length of AB is 56 m, the length of BC is 37 m, and angle ACB is

60°. AX is the perpendicular height from A to BC.
(a.i) Use Giovanni’s diagram to show that angle ABC, the angle at which the Tower is leaning
relative to the
horizontal, is 85° to the nearest degree.

[5]

Markscheme

sin BAC sin 60

37
= 56
(M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substituting the sine rule formula,
∧
(A1) for correct substitution. angle BAC = 34.9034…° (A1) Note: Award (A0) if
unrounded answer does not round to 35. Award (G2) if 34.9034… seen without
 ∧
working. angle ABC = 180 − (34.9034… + 60) (M1) Note: Award (M1) for
subtracting their angle BAC + 60 from 180. 85.0965…° (A1) 85° (AG) Note:
Both the unrounded and rounded value must be seen for the final (A1) to be
awarded. If the candidate rounds 34.9034...° to 35° while substituting to find angle
∧
ABC, the final (A1) can be awarded but only if both 34.9034...° and 35° are seen.
If 85 is used as part of the workings, award at most (M1)(A0)(A0)(M0)(A0)(AG).
This is the reverse process and not accepted.

(a.ii) Use Giovanni's diagram to calculate the length of AX.

[2]

Markscheme

sin 85… × 56 (M1) = 55.8 (55.7869…) (m) (A1)(G2) Note: Award (M1) for
correct substitution in trigonometric ratio.

(a.iii) Use Giovanni's diagram to find the length of BX, the horizontal displacement of the Tower.

[2]

Markscheme

√562 − 55.7869 …2 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution in the Pythagoras theorem formula.
Follow through from part (a)(ii). OR cos(85) × 56 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for
correct substitution in trigonometric ratio. = 4.88 (4.88072…) (m) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Accept 4.73 (4.72863…) (m) from using their 3 s.f answer. Accept
equivalent methods. [2 marks]

Giovanni’s tourist guidebook says that the actual horizontal displacement of the Tower, BX, is 3.9
metres.

(b) Find the percentage error on Giovanni’s diagram.

[2]

Markscheme

4.88−3.9
| 3.9 | × 100 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the percentage error formula. =
25.1 (25.1282) (%) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through from part (a)(iii). [2
marks]

(c) Giovanni adds a point D to his diagram, such that BD = 45 m, and another triangle is formed.
Find the angle of elevation of A from D.

[3]

Markscheme

55.7869…
tan−1 (40.11927…) (A1)(ft)(M1)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their 40.11927… seen. Award (M1) for correct
substitution into trigonometric ratio. OR (37 − 4.88072…)2 + 55.7869…2 (AC =)
64.3725… 64.3726…2 + 82 − 2 × 8 × 64.3726… × cos120 (AD =) 68.7226…
∧
sin 120 sin ADC
68.7226…
= (A1)(ft)(M1)
64.3725…
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their correct values seen, (M1) for correct substitution
into the sine formula. = 54.3° (54.2781…°) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through
from part (a). Accept equivalent methods. [3 marks]
42. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.S_4

The first term of an infinite geometric sequence is 4. The sum of the infinite sequence is 200.

(a) Find the common ratio.

[2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
correct substitution into infinite sum (A1)
4
eg 200 = r = 0.98 (exact) A1 N2 [2 marks]
1−𝑟

(b) Find the sum of the first 8 terms.

[2]

Markscheme

4(1−0.988 )
correct substitution (A1) 1−0.98
29.8473 29.8 A1 N2 [2 marks]

(c) Find the least value of n for which Sn > 163.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to set up inequality (accept equation) (M1)

4(1−0.98𝑛 ) 4(1−0.98𝑛 )
eg > 163, = 163 correct inequality for n (accept equation) or
1−0.98 1−0.98
crossover values (A1)
eg n > 83.5234, n = 83.5234, S83 = 162.606 and S84 = 163.354 n = 84 A1 N1
[3 marks]

43. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.T_4

A new café opened and during the first week their profit was $60.

The café’s profit increases by $10 every week.

(a) Find the café’s profit during the 11th week.

[3]

Markscheme
 * This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
60 + 10 × 10 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into the arithmetic sequence formula, (A1) for
correct substitution. = ($) 160 (A1)(G3) [3 marks]

(b) Calculate the café’s total profit for the first 12 weeks.

[3]

Markscheme
12
(2 × 60 + 11 × 10) (M1)(A1)(ft)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substituting the arithmetic series formula, (A1)(ft) for correct
substitution. Follow through from their first term and common difference in part
(a). = ($) 1380 (A1)(ft)(G2) [3 marks]

A new tea-shop opened at the same time as the café. During the first week their profit was also
$60.

The tea-shop’s profit increases by 10 % every week.

(c) Find the tea-shop’s profit during the 11th week.

[3]

Markscheme

60 × 1.110 (M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substituting the geometric

progression nth term formula, (A1) for correct substitution. = ($) 156 (155.624…)
(A1)(G3) Note: Accept the answer if it rounds correctly to 3 sf, as per the
accuracy instructions. [3 marks]

(d) Calculate the tea-shop’s total profit for the first 12 weeks.

[3]

Markscheme

60(1.112 −1)
1.1−1
(M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting the geometric series formula, (A1)(ft) for correct
substitution. Follow through from part (c) for their first term and common ratio. =
($)1280 (1283.05…) (A1)(ft)(G2) [3 marks]

(e) In the mth week the tea-shop’s total profit exceeds the café’s total profit, for the first time
since they both opened.
 Find the value of m.

[4]

Markscheme

60(1.1𝑛 −1) 𝑛
> (2 × 60 + (𝑛 − 1) × 10) (M1)(M1)
1.1−1 2
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted geometric and arithmetic series
formula with n (accept other variable for “n”), (M1) for comparing their expressions
consistent with their part (b) and part (d). OR

(M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for two curves with approximately correct shape drawn in the
first quadrant, (M1) for one point of intersection with approximate correct position.
Accept alternative correct sketches, such as

Award (M1) for a curve with approximate correct shape drawn in the 1st (or 4th)
quadrant and all above (or below) the x-axis, (M1) for one point of intersection
with the x-axis with approximate correct position. 17 (A2)(ft)(G3) Note: Follow
through from parts (b) and (d).
An answer of 16 is incorrect. Award at most (M1)(M1)(A0)(A0) with working seen.
Award (G0) if final answer is 16 without working seen. [4 marks]

44. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.S_4

The first term of an infinite geometric sequence is 4. The sum of the infinite sequence is 200.

(a) Find the common ratio.

 [2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
correct substitution into infinite sum (A1)
4
eg 200 = 1−𝑟 r = 0.98 (exact) A1 N2 [2 marks]

(b) Find the sum of the first 8 terms.

[2]

Markscheme

4(1−0.988 )
correct substitution (A1) 29.8473 29.8 A1 N2 [2 marks]
1−0.98

(c) Find the least value of n for which Sn > 163.

[3]

Markscheme

attempt to set up inequality (accept equation) (M1)

4(1−0.98𝑛 ) 4(1−0.98𝑛 )
eg > 163, = 163 correct inequality for n (accept equation) or
1−0.98 1−0.98
crossover values (A1)
eg n > 83.5234, n = 83.5234, S83 = 162.606 and S84 = 163.354 n = 84 A1 N1
[3 marks]

45. 18M.2.SL.TZ2.T_5

The Tower of Pisa is well known worldwide for how it leans.

Giovanni visits the Tower and wants to investigate how much it is leaning. He draws a
diagram showing a non-right triangle, ABC.

On Giovanni’s diagram the length of AB is 56 m, the length of BC is 37 m, and angle ACB is

60°. AX is the perpendicular height from A to BC.
(a.i) Use Giovanni’s diagram to show that angle ABC, the angle at which the Tower is leaning
relative to the
horizontal, is 85° to the nearest degree.

[5]

Markscheme

sin BAC sin 60

37
= 56
(M1)(A1) Note: Award (M1) for substituting the sine rule formula,
∧
(A1) for correct substitution. angle BAC = 34.9034…° (A1) Note: Award (A0) if
unrounded answer does not round to 35. Award (G2) if 34.9034… seen without
 ∧
working. angle ABC = 180 − (34.9034… + 60) (M1) Note: Award (M1) for
subtracting their angle BAC + 60 from 180. 85.0965…° (A1) 85° (AG) Note:
Both the unrounded and rounded value must be seen for the final (A1) to be
awarded. If the candidate rounds 34.9034...° to 35° while substituting to find angle
∧
ABC, the final (A1) can be awarded but only if both 34.9034...° and 35° are seen.
If 85 is used as part of the workings, award at most (M1)(A0)(A0)(M0)(A0)(AG).
This is the reverse process and not accepted.

(a.ii) Use Giovanni's diagram to calculate the length of AX.

[2]

Markscheme

sin 85… × 56 (M1) = 55.8 (55.7869…) (m) (A1)(G2) Note: Award (M1) for
correct substitution in trigonometric ratio.

(a.iii) Use Giovanni's diagram to find the length of BX, the horizontal displacement of the Tower.

[2]

Markscheme

√562 − 55.7869 …2 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution in the Pythagoras theorem formula.
Follow through from part (a)(ii). OR cos(85) × 56 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for
correct substitution in trigonometric ratio. = 4.88 (4.88072…) (m) (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Accept 4.73 (4.72863…) (m) from using their 3 s.f answer. Accept
equivalent methods. [2 marks]

Giovanni’s tourist guidebook says that the actual horizontal displacement of the Tower, BX, is 3.9
metres.

(b) Find the percentage error on Giovanni’s diagram.

[2]

Markscheme

4.88−3.9
| 3.9 | × 100 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the percentage error formula. =
25.1 (25.1282) (%) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through from part (a)(iii). [2
marks]

(c) Giovanni adds a point D to his diagram, such that BD = 45 m, and another triangle is formed.
Find the angle of elevation of A from D.

[3]

Markscheme

55.7869…
tan−1 (40.11927…) (A1)(ft)(M1)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their 40.11927… seen. Award (M1) for correct
substitution into trigonometric ratio. OR (37 − 4.88072…)2 + 55.7869…2 (AC =)
64.3725… 64.3726…2 + 82 − 2 × 8 × 64.3726… × cos120 (AD =) 68.7226…
∧
sin 120 sin ADC
68.7226…
= (A1)(ft)(M1)
64.3725…
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their correct values seen, (M1) for correct substitution
into the sine formula. = 54.3° (54.2781…°) (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through
from part (a). Accept equivalent methods. [3 marks]
46. 17N.2.SL.TZ0.T_2

Rosa joins a club to prepare to run a marathon. During the first training session Rosa runs a
distance of 3000 metres. Each training session she increases the distance she runs by 400
metres.

(a.i) Write down the distance Rosa runs in the third training session;

[1]

Markscheme

3800 m (A1) [1 mark]

(a.ii) Write down the distance Rosa runs in the 𝑛th training session.

[2]

Markscheme

3000 + (𝑛 − 1)400 m OR 2600 + 400𝑛 m (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into arithmetic sequence formula, (A1) for
correct substitution. [2 marks]

A marathon is 42.195 kilometres.

In the 𝑘th training session Rosa will run further than a marathon for the first time.

(b) Find the value of 𝑘.

[2]

Markscheme

3000 + (𝑘 − 1)400 > 42195 (M1)

Notes: Award (M1) for their correct inequality. Accept 3 + (𝑘 − 1)0.4 > 42.195.
Accept = OR ≥. Award (M0) for 3000 + (𝑘 − 1)400 > 42.195.

(𝑘 =) 99 (A1)(ft)(G2)

Note: Follow through from part (a)(ii), but only if 𝑘 is a positive integer.
[2 marks]

(c) Calculate the total distance, in kilometres, Rosa runs in the first 50 training sessions.

[4]

Markscheme
 50
(2 × 3000 + (50 − 1)(400)) (M1)(A1)(ft)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of an arithmetic series formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution.
640 000 m (A1)

Note: Award (A1) for their 640 000 seen.

= 640 km (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for correctly converting their answer in metres to km; this
can be awarded independently from previous marks. OR
50
(2 × 3 + (50 − 1)(0.4)) (M1)(A1)(ft)(A1)
2
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of an arithmetic series formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution, (A1) for correctly converting 3000 m and 400 m
into km.
= 640 km (A1)(G3)
[4 marks]

Carlos joins the club to lose weight. He runs 7500 metres during the first month. The distance he
runs increases by 20% each month.

(d) Find the distance Carlos runs in the fifth month of training.

[3]

Markscheme

7500 × 1.25−1 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into geometric series formula, (A1) for
correct substitutions.
= 15 600 m (15 552 m) (A1)(G3)
OR
7.5 × 1.25−1 (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution into geometric series formula, (A1) for
correct substitutions.
= 15.6 km (A1)(G3)
[3 marks]

(e) Calculate the total distance Carlos runs in the first year.

[3]

Markscheme

7500(1.212 −1)
1.2−1
(M1)(A1)

Notes: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of a geometric series formula, (A1)
for correct substitutions. Follow through from their ratio (𝑟) in part (d). If 𝑟 < 1
 (distance does not increase) or the final answer is unrealistic (eg 𝑟 = 20), do not
award the final (A1).

= 297 000 m (296 853 … m, 297 km) (A1)(G2)

[3 marks]

47. 17N.2.SL.TZ0.T_5

A function 𝑓 is given by 𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑥 + 2)(5 − 𝑥 2 ).

(a) Find the exact value of each of the zeros of 𝑓.

[3]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.
−1, √5, −√5 (A1)(A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for –1 and each exact value seen. Award at most
(A1)(A0)(A1) for use of 2.23606… instead of √5.
[3 marks]

(b.i) Expand the expression for 𝑓(𝑥).

[1]

Markscheme

10𝑥 − 2𝑥 3 + 10 − 2𝑥 2 (A1)
Notes: The expansion may be seen in part (b)(ii). [1 mark]

(b.ii) Find 𝑓 ′ (𝑥).

[3]

Markscheme

10 − 6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)
Notes: Follow through from part (b)(i). Award (A1)(ft) for each correct term.
Award at most (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A0) if extra terms are seen. [3 marks]

(c) Use your answer to part (b)(ii) to find the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 is increasing.

[3]
 Markscheme

10 − 6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 > 0 (M1)

Notes: Award (M1) for their 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0. Accept equality or weak inequality.

5
−1.67 < 𝑥 < 1 (− < 𝑥 < 1, −1.66666 … < 𝑥 < 1) (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(G2)
3
Notes: Award (A1)(ft) for correct endpoints, (A1)(ft) for correct weak or strict
inequalities. Follow through from part (b)(ii). Do not award any marks if there is no
answer in part (b)(ii). [3 marks]

(d) Draw the graph of 𝑓 for −3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3 and −40 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 20. Use a scale of 2 cm to represent 1
unit on the 𝑥-axis and 1 cm to represent 5 units on the 𝑦-axis.

[4]

Markscheme
 (A1)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1) Notes: Award (A1) for correct scale; axes labelled
and drawn with a ruler.
Award (A1)(ft) for their correct 𝑥-intercepts in approximately correct location.
Award (A1) for correct minimum and maximum points in approximately correct
location. Award (A1) for a smooth continuous curve with approximate correct
shape. The curve should be in the given domain.
Follow through from part (a) for the 𝑥-intercepts.
[4 marks]

The graph of the function 𝑔(𝑥) = 5𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 6 intersects the graph of 𝑓.

(e) Write down the coordinates of the point of intersection.

[2]

Markscheme

(1.49, 13.9) ((1.48702 … , 13.8714 … )) (G1)(ft)(G1)(ft)

Notes: Award (G1) for 1.49 and (G1) for 13.9 written as a coordinate pair.
Award at most (G0)(G1) if parentheses are missing. Accept 𝑥 = 1.49 and 𝑦 =
13.9. Follow through from part (b)(i).
[2 marks]