G.D.

GOENKA WORLD SCHOOL

PREBOARD EXAMINATIONS – JANURAY 2023
GRADE XII YEAR: 2021-2023

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIETIES

STANDARD LEVEL
PAPER 1
Saturday, 4th February CANDIDATE NAME

1 hour

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Write your session number in the boxes above.

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

• Answer all questions. Refer to the resource booklet which accompanies this question paper.

• Write your answers in the space provided.

• A calculator is required for this paper.

• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [35 marks].

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS QP: 10

Page 1 of 10
1.

a. With reference to figure 1 a and 1 b, identify the ecosystem found in London. (1)

b. Outline one factor that limits the primary productivity of an ecosystem in London. (1)

c. Identify the distribution pattern of green spaces seen in Fig 1 c (1)

Page 2 of 10
d. Outline three ways that London’s green spaces are considered natural capital. (3)

2.

a. Based on the 2018 data in fig 2 (a), calculate the doubling time for the population of Costa
Rica (1)

Page 3 of 10
b. With reference to figure 2 (b) suggest three possible reasons for the changes between the
age-gender pyramid for 1990 and that projected for 2050. (3)

3.

a. Outline one reason why it is difficult to determine the exact number of species in Costa
Rica. (1)

Page 4 of 10
b. Explain three ways in which the development of protected areas shown in figure 3 a has
improved the conservation of species. (3)

4.

a. State one criterion used to determine the IUCN Red List status of the Jaguar shown in figure 4 a
(1)

Page 5 of 10
 b. Distinguish between the role of Jaguar as Keystone species and as a flagship species
(2)

c. Identify two difficulties associated with establishing and maintaining wildlife corridors
such as shown in figure 4 b. (2)

Page 6 of 10
5.

a. Outline the reasons for the changes in the forested area as shown in the figure 5 . (2)

b. Outline how the change in the area of the forest cover since 1987 may contribute to the
mitigation of climate change. (1)

6.

a. Identify one possible reason why there has been a change in the quantity of electricity
generated from the wind as shown in figure 6 a. (1)

Page 7 of 10
b. With reference to figure 6 b calculate the percentage of energy consumed that came from
fossil fuels in 2016. (2)

c. With reference to figure 6 c suggest two strategies that would be most effective in reducing
the use of crude oil in Costa Rica. (2)

Page 8 of 10
7.

a. Using figure 7 a, identify why Hurricane Maria was so destructive. (1)

b. Describe the relationship between the sea surface temperature in figure 7 b and the
hurricane wind speed in figure 7 a. (2)

Page 9 of 10
c. With reference to figure 7 c and 7 d outline how hurricane Maria has reduced Dominica’s
food availability (2)

‘’

d. With reference to figure 7 c, explain three ways in which Hurricane Maria has affected the
ecosystem services provided by Dominica’s forest. (3)

Page 10 of 10