ENGR-UH 2211

Solid Mechanics
Spring 2024

Homework #2
Due: Wednesday February 7, 2024 at 5:00 pm

Problems number: 2.17, 2.19, 2.38, 2.51, 2.65, 2.69, 2.94 (Beer et al. Textbook 8E)

PROBLEM 2.17

The specimen shown has been cut from a 5-mm-thick

sheet of vinyl (E = 3.10 GPa) and is subjected to a 1.5-
kN tensile load. Determine (a) the total deformation of
the specimen, (b) the deformation of its central portion
BC.

SOLUTION

PLAB (1.5  103 N)(40  10−3 m)

 AB = = = 154.839  10−6 m
EAAB (3.1  109 N/m2 )(25  10−3 m)(5  10−3 m)

PLBC (1.5  103 N)(50  10−3 m)

 BC = = = 483.87  10−6 m
EABC (3.1  109 N/m2 )(10  10−3 m)(5  10−3 m)

 CD =  AB = 154.839  10−6 m
(a) Total deformation:
 =  AB +  BC +  CD

 = 793.55  10−6 m
 = 0.794 mm 
(b) Deformation of portion BC :
 BC = 0.484 mm 
 PROBLEM 2.19

Both portions of the rod ABC are made of an aluminum for which E = 70 GPa.
Knowing that the magnitude of P is 4 kN, determine (a) the value of Q so that
the deflection at A is zero, (b) the corresponding deflection of B.

SOLUTION

 
(a) AAB = 2
d AB = (0.020)2 = 314.16  10−6 m2
4 4
 
ABC = 2
d BC = (0.060)2 = 2.8274  10−3 m2
4 4
Force in member AB is P tension.
Elongation:
PLAB (4  103 )(0.4)
 AB = = = 72.756  10−6 m
EAAB (70  109 )(314.16  10−6 )

Force in member BC is Q − P compression.

Shortening:
(Q − P) LBC (Q − P)(0.5)
 BC = = = 2.5263  10−9(Q − P)
EABC (70  109 )(2.8274  10−3 )
For zero deflection at A,  BC =  AB

2.5263  10−9(Q − P) = 72.756  10−6  Q − P = 28.8  103 N

Q = 28.3  103 + 4  103 = 32.8  103 N Q = 32.8 kN 

(b)  AB =  BC =  B = 72.756  10−6 m  AB = 0.0728 mm  

 PROBLEM 2.38

The length of the assembly shown decreases by 0.15 mm when an

axial force is applied by means of rigid end plates. Determine (a)
the magnitude of the applied force, (b) the corresponding stress in
the steel core.

SOLUTION

Let Pa = Portion of axial force carried by shell and

Pb = Portion of axial force carried by core.
Pa L E A
= , or Pa = a a 
Ea Aa L

Pb L E A
= , or Pb = b b 
Eb Ab L


Thus, P = Pa + Pb = ( Ea Aa + Eb Ab )
L
with Aa = (0.020)2 = 400  10−6 m 2
Ab = (0.030)2 − (0.020)2 = 500  10−6 m2

 
P = [(105  109 )(500  10−6 ) + (200  109 )(400  10−6 )] = 132.50  106
L L
with  = 0.15mm, L = 250 mm
0.15
(a) P = (132.50  106 ) = 79.5  103 N P = 79.5 kN 
250
Pb E (200  109 )(0.15  10−3 )
(b) b = = b = = 120  106 Pa  b = 120.0 MPa 
Ab L 250  10−3
 PROBLEM 2.51

A rod consisting of two cylindrical portions AB and BC is restrained at both

ends. Portion AB is made of steel ( Es = 200 GPa,  s = 11.7  10−6/ C) and
portion BC is made of brass ( Eb = 105 GPa,  b = 20.9  10−6 / C). Knowing
that the rod is initially unstressed, determine the compressive force induced in
ABC when there is a temperature rise of 50 C.

SOLUTION

 
AAB = 2
d AB = (30)2 = 706.86 mm2 = 706.86  10−6 m2
4 4
 
ABC = 2
d BC = (50)2 = 1.9635  103 mm2 = 1.9635  10−3 m2
4 4
Free thermal expansion:
T = LAB s (T ) + LBCb (T )
= (0.250)(11.7  10−6 )(50) + (0.300)(20.9  10−6 )(50)
= 459.75  10−6 m
Shortening due to induced compressive force P:
PL PL
P = +
Es AAB Eb ABC
0.250 P 0.300 P
= +
9 −6
(200  10 )(706.86  10 ) (105  10 )(1.9635  10−3 )
9

= 3.2235  10−9 P
For zero net deflection,  P = T
3.2235  10−9 P = 459.75  10−6
P = 142.624  103 N P = 142.6 kN 
 PROBLEM 2.65

In a standard tensile test an aluminum rod of 20-mm diameter is

subjected to a tension force of P = 30 kN. Knowing that ν = 0.35
and E = 70 GPa, determine (a) the elongation of the rod in a
150-mm gage length, (b) the change in diameter of the rod.

SOLUTION

 
P = 30 kN = 30  103 N A= d2 = (0.020)2 = 314.16  10−6 m2
4 4

P 30  103
y = = = 95.493  106 Pa
A 314.16  10−6
y 95.493  106
y = = = 1.36419  10−3
E 70  109
 y = L y = (150 mm)(1.36419  10−3 )

(a)  x = 0.205 mm 

  x = −v y = −(0.35)(1.36419  10−3 ) = −477.47  10−6 

  x = d x = (20 mm)(−477.47  10−6 ) 

 (b)  x = −0.00955 mm 
 PROBLEM 2.69

A 1-in. square was scribed on the side of a large steel pressure vessel.
After pressurization the biaxial stress condition at the square is as shown.
Knowing that E = 29 × 106 psi and v = 0.30, determine the change in
length of (a) side AB, (b) side BC, (c) diagonal AC.

SOLUTION

1 1 12  103 − (0.30)(6  103 ) 

x = ( x −  y ) =
E 29  106
−6
= 351.72  10
1 1 6  103 − (0.30)(12  103 ) 
 y = ( y −  x ) =
E 29  106
= 82.759  10−6
(a)  AB = ( AB)0  x = (1.00)(351.72  10−6 ) = 352  10−6 in. 
(b)  BC = ( BC )0  y = (1.00)(82.759  10−6 ) = 82.8  10−6 in. 
(c) ( AC ) = ( AB) 2 + ( BC ) 2 = ( AB0 +  x ) 2 + ( BC0 +  y ) 2

= (1 + 351.72  10−6 )2 + (1 + 82.759  10−6 )2

= 1.41452
( AC )0 = 2 AC − ( AC )0 = 307  10−6 
or use calculus as follows:
Label sides using a, b, and c as shown.
c2 = a 2 + b2
Obtain differentials. 2cdc = 2ada + 2bdc

a b
from which dc = da + dc
c c
But a = 100 in., b = 1.00 in., c = 2 in.
da =  AB = 351.72  10−6 in., db =  BC = 82.8  10−6 in.
1.00 1.00
 AC = dc = (351.7  10−6 ) + (82.8  10−6 )
2 2
= 307  10−6 in.
 PROBLEM 2.94

Knowing that P = 38 kN, determine the maximum stress when (a) r = 10 mm,
(b) r = 16 mm, (c) r = 18 mm.

SOLUTION

A = (60)(15) = 900 mm2 = 900  10−6 m2

D 10 mm
= = 2.00
d 60 mm
r 10 mm
(a) r = 10 mm = = 0.1667
d 60 mm
KP
From Fig. 2.60b, K = 2.06  max =
A
(2.06)(38  103 )
 max = −6
= 87.0  106 Pa = 87.0 MPa 
900  10
r 16 mm
(b) r = 16 mm = = 0.2667
d 60 mm
From Fig. 2.60b, K = 1.78
(1.78)(38  103 )
 max = = 75.2  106 Pa = 75.2 MPa 
900  10−6
r 18 mm
(c) r = 18 mm, = = 0.30
d 60 mm
From Fig 2.60b, K = 1.75

(1.75)(38  103 )
 max = −6
= 73.9  106 Pa = 73.9 MPa 
900  10