Mindanao State University

A.Y 2023-2024, 1st Semester

HISTORY & PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS

OF SPERD
PPE100 Xx1
TTH 1:00-2:30pm

PALENCIA, Cory Jane Reguya

(Instructor)

Samad, Somail
BSPE-Major
(Student)

(Nov. 09, 2023)

 Survival/Primitive period

. During primitive times, physical education was based on survival skills, and it was
essential for hunting, gathering food, and protection from wild animals. People engaged
in various physical activities such as running, jumping, climbing, swimming, and
fighting as part of their daily life. Early humans lived in caves or simple huts or tepees and
were hunters and gatherers. They used basic stone and bone tools, as well as crude
stone axes, for hunting birds and wild animals. They cooked their prey, including woolly
mammoths, deer and bison, using controlled fire. They also fished and collected berries,
fruit and nuts
Ancient Period

Ancient civilizations, including Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and Mesoamerica,

were known for their sports and physical activities, such as spear-throwing contests, foot
races, archery contests, boxing, and wrestling. Survival skills used by ancient civilizations
continue to be present in competitive sporting situations. Children from ancient times were
similar to those of today, playing ball games, amusing themselves with dolls, wrestling,
and enjoying rough-and-tumble activities. Play, defined as natural and fun, is a common
thread across all civilizations. Ancient civilizations influenced Western civilizations in
various ways, sharing similar attitudes, cultural mores, and philosophical positions with
non-Western civilizations.

• MESOAMERICA

• CHINA

• SUMER

• EGYPT
Greece

Greece was a series of city-states ruled by kings, merging into over twenty major
leagues. Athens and Sparta were famous for their culture, architecture, and democracy,
while Sparta focused on military supremacy and disciplined citizens. The Acropolis of
Athens, the birthplace of the Olympic Games, is a symbol of ancient Greece, a nation rich
in myths, enslavement, wars, romantic poems, and cultural activities. Greek sport
originated from Homer's Iliad and The Odyssey, with the primary goal of athletes
competing in the Stephanitic Games, later known as the Panhellenic Games. The
Panhellenic Games were established in 573 B.C. and included the Olympic Games,
Pythian Games, Isthmian Games, and Nemean Games. The oldest and most prestigious
games were held at Olympia, with winners receiving olive wreaths, laurel wreaths, pine
wreaths, dried celery, and fresh celery wreaths.

• GREECE

• ATHENS

• SPARTA
Rome

Rome, also known as the "Eternal City," has a long history and geographical
prominence, dating back to a small community called Latium near the Tiber River and the
seven hills of Rome. Two theories explain the birth of Rome: the legend of Romulus and
Remus, twin brothers who were suckled by a she-wolf and raised by a shepherd, and the
historical record of the first "Romans" defeating the Etruscans in 509 B.C. The Etruscans'
influence on Roman culture is still debated. Greek culture greatly influenced Emperor
Nero, who ruled from A.D. 54 to 68. Nero was more concerned with his artistic
achievements than his rule, preferring Greek company and building the Golden House,
the largest and most opulent palace, with a 120-foot-high statue of Nero. During the
Republic, holidays evolved from religious occasions to elaborate games and festivals,
financed by the government. Romans became spectators, enjoying slaves and
professional athletes, rather than fostering physical education like Greek competitions.

• ROME