ENGINEERING DRAWING II

TME 222

Department of Mechanical Engineering

University of Ibadan
COURSE OUTLINE

Cams

Interpenetration of Solids

Development of Surfaces

Detail Drawing of Belts, Chains and Gears

Bearing and Lubrication Arrangement

Couplings, Brakes, Flexible Shafts and Universal Joints

Assembly Drawing
 BELTS
The belts or ropes are used to transmit
power from one shaft to another by
means of pulleys which rotate at the
same speed or at different speeds

Though there are many types of belts

used these days, yet the following are
most commonly used ones

(a) Flat belts

(b) V- belts

(c) Timing belts

(c) Circular belts or ropes

V-Belts and V-grooved pulleys
V-Belts and V-grooved pulleys
 BEARINGS
A bearing is a machine element which
support another moving machine
element (known as journal). It permits
a relative motion between the contact
surfaces of the members, while
carrying the load

Bearings are supports for shafts,

providing stability, and free and
smooth rotation. The importance of
bearings may be understood from the
supporting requirement of machine
tool spindles, engine crankshafts,
transmission or line shafts in
workshops, etc.
 Bearing Classifications

Bearings are broadly (a) Sliding contact bearings

classified into two
categories: (b) Rolling contact or anti-friction bearings
 Sliding Contact Bearings

These bearings are (a) Journal bearings

further classified as:
(b) Thrust bearings

Journal Bearing Types Thrust Bearing Types

(a) Solid Journal Bearings (a) Pivot or Foot-step Bearings

(b) Bushed Journal Bearings (b) Collar Thrust Bearings

(c) Pedastal Bearings (Plummer Blocks)

(d) Bracket and Hanger Bearings

 Sliding Contact Bearings

Solid Contact Bearing

 Sliding Contact Bearings

Bushed Journal Bearing

 Rolling Contact Bearings

These bearings can also (a) Radial bearings

be classified according
to direction of load to (b) Thrust bearings
be supported:

They can also be (a) Ball bearings

classified according to
rolling object shape: (b) Roller bearings
Rolling Contact Types
Rolling Contact Types
Rolling Contact Types
Rolling Contact Types
Standard Dimensions and Designations of Radial Ball Bearings
Manufacturer's use a numbering system For example 1xx, 2xx, 3xx, 4xx series
to denote the type of series (sizes) of the correspond to extra light, light, medium
bearings. and heavy series respectively.
The last two digits
(xx) when multiplied
by 5, gives the bore
or shaft size in
millimetres except
for xx less than 04
Standard Dimensions and Designations of Radial Ball Bearings
Standard Dimensions and Designations of Radial Ball Bearings
 LUBRICATION
In order to reduce frictional resistance and
wear and in some cases to carry away the
heat generated, lubricant may be provided.

Lubricants are used in bearings to reduce

friction between the rubbing surfaces and
to carry away the heat generated by
friction. It also protects the bearing against
corrosion.

All lubricants are classified into the

following three groups :
1. Liquid, 2. Semi-liquid, and 3. Solid.
 Classification of Lubricants
The liquid lubricants usually used in bearings are
mineral oils and synthetic oils. The mineral oils are
most commonly used because of their cheapness and
stability. The liquid lubricants are usually preferred
where they may be retained. The lubricant used to
separate the journal and bearing is usually a mineral
oil refined from petroleum, but vegetable oils, silicon
oils, greases etc., may be used

A grease is a semi-liquid lubricant having higher

viscosity than oils. The greases are employed where
slow speed and heavy pressure exist and where oil
drip from the bearing is undesirable

The solid lubricants are useful in reducing friction

where oil films cannot be maintained because of
pressures or temperatures. They should be softer
than materials being lubricated. A graphite is the
most common of the solid lubricants either alone or
mixed with oil or grease.